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# History Defined

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## Posts

- [The Battle of Athens: How Americans Overthrew Their Corrupt Local Government](https://www.historydefined.net/the-battle-of-athens/) - World War II fundamentally changed the world, not just politically, but also ideologically. Many US veterans who returned from the war expected to see changes stemming from their actions overseas. For one subset of service members who returned to their Tennessee homes in the mid-1940s, however, things did not look the way they anticipated. The
- [Was polygamy practiced in the bible and what does it say about it?](https://www.historydefined.net/was-polygamy-practiced-in-the-bible-and-what-does-it-say-about-it/) - Polygamy is the practice of having more than one husband or wife at the same time. When people think of polygamy, one of the first things that comes to mind is its seemingly constant presence in the Bible. However, when people reference polygamy in the Bible, what they actually mean is polygyny: having more than
- [Bathesheba, the Demon from the Conjuring](https://www.historydefined.net/bathesheba-the-demon-from-the-conjuring/) - Few paranormal narratives are as widely known as The Conjuring. Made in 2013, the film exploded in popularity, earning more than $319 million off of a $20 million budget and spawning an entire franchise that continues into the 2020s. However, this haunting story of a dark entity attacking a family and possessing people did not
- [Hannelore Schmatz: The tragic story of the first woman to die Mt. Everest](https://www.historydefined.net/hannelore-schmatz/) - When people think of conquering a mountain, Everest almost ubiquitously comes to mind. While it is impossible to know how many people have truly reached the summit, this journey has been documented repeatedly since 1953, when Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay proved that a successful summit was possible. However, even the most experienced mountain
- [Chilling historical photos you've probably never seen before](https://www.historydefined.net/chilling-rare-historical-photos/) - It’s probably obvious to anyone who’s spent more than five minutes on our site that we have been delving into some pretty dark historical moments. There’s a particular kind of chill that comes from real history that movies and urban legends can never replicate. These are actual documented moments that happened to real people. So
- [Robin Lee Graham sailed around the world with his cat](https://www.historydefined.net/robin-lee-graham-sailed-around-the-world-with-his-cat/) - On March 5, 1949, Robin Lee Graham was born in California. Though his childhood resembled most others, he took the world by surprise when, at age 16, he began a multi-year journey to circumnavigate the world in a 24-foot boat. His age was not the only element of note; Robin also committed to sailing alone,
- [Fratricide: The brutal history of Ottoman succession](https://www.historydefined.net/fratricide-the-brutal-history-of-ottoman-succession/) - Civilizations throughout history have approached succession from numerous fronts, from religiously ordained kings to democracy and trials by physical prowess. These decisions arise from cultural, religious, and social beliefs, and what one civilization may view as just, another may not. In the case of the Ottomans, the means of succession occupied a middle ground: accepted
- [Electric Photos of Debbie Harry Over The Years](https://www.historydefined.net/debbie-harry/) - Debbie Harry has always felt like more than a rock star to the people who grew up with her. For many Gen X fans, she was the quintessential older sister. The impossibly cool girl you wanted to know, whose beauty made her seem unreal. Even if you only knew Blondie through the radio, you likely
- [Gorgeous photos of Monica Bellucci in the 80s and 90s](https://www.historydefined.net/monica-bellucci-photos/) - Born on September 30, 1964, in Città di Castello, Umbria, Italy, Monica Bellucci initially embarked on a law career at the University of Perugia. Her journey took a creative turn when she began modeling to fund her studies, leading her towards a stellar acting career. Bellucci's film debut was in the 1991 Italian film "La
- [The Horrific Struggle Of Civilians During the Siege of Stalingrad](https://www.historydefined.net/the-horrific-struggle-of-civilians-during-the-siege-of-stalingrad/) - Siege warfare has been an effective strategy for military success for thousands of years, and the introduction of modern weaponry did not change such tactics; it only refined them. However, while political and military leadership address concepts such as blockades and sieges on paper, it is the citizens who live through the reality of those
- [How Verse Numbers Revolutionized Bible Reading](https://www.historydefined.net/how-verse-numbers-revolutionized-bible-reading/) - The Bible has been a foundational text of Christianity, and highly relevant in other systems of belief, for thousands of years. However, this famous book has not always looked the way it does now. Translations have taken the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek and converted them into thousands of varieties, from the classic King James
- [History's Most Thrilling Treasure Discoveries](https://www.historydefined.net/historys-most-thrilling-treasure-discoveries/) - Who hasn’t dreamed of discovering buried treasure at least once? From tattered pirate maps to legends of lost cities filled with priceless artifacts, humanity has been fascinated with uncovering the riches of the ages. The search for hidden gold, silver, and precious gems has led to many fascinating treasure discoveries over the years. These hidden
- [The Mystery of the Vietnam Rock Apes During The Vietnam War](https://www.historydefined.net/vietnam-rock-apes/) - The Vietnam War was known as an unwinnable battle for the Americans given the landscape of the Vietnam jungles and the unconventional warfare that guerillas used. But were the Viet Cong soldiers and the environment the only things that US troops were fighting off? Many US soldiers say another enemy was out there attacking them
- [Byford Dolphin accident: How a tragic diving accident took 5 lives in the most gruesome way imaginable](https://www.historydefined.net/byford-dolphin-accident/) - On Nov. 5, 1983, four saturation divers from the Byford Dolphin suffered arguably the most catastrophic and gruesome ends in diving history. A dive tender also lost his life, while another diver survived despite sustaining massive injuries. The accident occurred in the Frigg Gas Field, situated between Norway and Scotland in the North Sea. The
- [47 of the most haunting photos from history](https://www.historydefined.net/47-haunting-photos-from-history/) - History is more than just innovations and triumphs. In truth, much of it involves numerous instances of brutality, warfare, and other unsettling, regrettable realities. Take a look below at some of the most haunting moments from history. More articles If you enjoyed this, check out more historical photos: 35 of the most disturbing photos ever
- [81 of the creepiest photos ever taken](https://www.historydefined.net/56-creepy-photos/) - After the invention of photography in the mid-1800s and continuing through to today, the chronicles of modern history are brimming with genuinely scary photographs that are more horrifying than what's seen in even the most unsettling horror films. The most terrifying images captured span a wide array, from formidable animals encountered in the wild to
- [Old School Cool: Some of the greatest photos ever taken](https://www.historydefined.net/old-school-cool/) - There's cool, and then there's the timeless "old-school cool." Whether it's the punks of the 1980s or sophisticates from the 1880s, each period has its own version of cool. Let's take a moment to reminisce about the rad, the awesome, and the awe-inspiring figures from the past.
- [Rare Historical Photos You've Never Seen Before](https://www.historydefined.net/rare-historical-photos/) - This article showcases a collection of rare historical photos, many of which you have probably never seen before. These images offer a unique glimpse into moments from the past that aren’t often captured in traditional history books. Whether it’s a well-known event seen from an uncommon angle, an intimate snapshot of a famous figure, or
- [How Dick Proenneke Lived In The Wilderness For 30 Years](https://www.historydefined.net/how-dick-proenneke-lived-in-the-wilderness-for-30-years/) - There are two kinds of lifestyles that people prefer. One style of living is in or around a city, going to work in a big building, and interacting with hundreds of people per day. The streets are filled with cars to the point where a three-mile ride downtown can sometimes take three hours. Then there’s
- [50+ Must-See Moments In History](https://www.historydefined.net/must-see-photos-in-history/) - No one can predict the future, but we can better understand the present by looking back at history. Here are 100 must-see historical moments – significant events that have shaped our world. From wars and revolutions to scientific discoveries and technological innovations, these are some of the most important moments in human progress. Whether you're
- [The Way of Water: How Roman Aqueducts Were Constructed](https://www.historydefined.net/roman-aqueducts/) - Roman aqueducts were, and still are, an impressive feat of engineering. Designed to transport water over almost impossibly long distances, they were the veins carrying the lifeblood of the Roman Empire and sustained life across the vast stretches of its borders. They stretched across Europe and brought the various communities the Romans conquered together. They
- [Faye Dunaway: Photos of the 1970s classic cinema starlet](https://www.historydefined.net/faye-dunaway-photos/) - Faye Dunaway is an American star known for starring in many 1970s classics. Over a long career on stage, film, and television, she won awards ranging from an Academy Award to a BAFTA. She started out on Broadway in the early 1960s after training in theatre, then broke through on screen in 1967 with early
- [Samantha Fox: The beautiful pop star glamour girl of the 1980s](https://www.historydefined.net/samantha-fox/) - Samantha Karen Fox, born on 15 April 1966 in Wood Green, North London, is an English pop singer, television personality, and former glamour model. She rose to prominence in the 1980s, becoming one of Britain’s most recognisable public figures of the decade. Alongside her music career, she has appeared regularly on television, including reality shows,
- [The Surprising History of Sign Language and Body Gestures](https://www.historydefined.net/the-surprising-history-of-sign-language-and-body-gestures/) - Every moment of the day, in virtually every corner of the world, people of all cultures employ various hand and body gestures to elucidate an idea, emphasize information, or substitute for human speech. A wave of the hand, a raised middle finger, a “thumbs up” or “peace sign” are among the many universally-understood physical gesticulations
- [What Was so Special About West Point's Class of 1846?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-so-special-about-west-points-class-of-1846/) - Except for the class of 1915 (“the class the stars fell on”), no other group graduating from West Point has been as glorified as the Class of 1846. Graduating just as the Mexican-American War began, this band of brothers ultimately fought shoulder-to-shoulder (and in some cases, face-to-face) in three momentous wars: the Mexican-American War (1846-1848),
- [From Book to Film, The Making of The Wizard of Oz](https://www.historydefined.net/from-book-to-film-the-making-of-the-wizard-of-oz/) - In 1939, the American media company Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) produced an extraordinarily imaginative musical fantasy film adaptation of L. Frank Baum’s 1900 children’s fantasy novel, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. Notable for its use of Technicolor (a technique using a color motion picture process dating back to 1916 that provides a particularly surreal quality to this film), unforgettable characters, fantastic storyline,
- [Alan Turing: Great Britain's Secret Weapon Against Germany](https://www.historydefined.net/alan-turing/) - At the outbreak of war with Nazi Germany in September 1939, one of Great Britain’s greatest obstacles to thwarting German advances was a machine known as “Enigma,” an encryption device created by German intelligence to encode secret message transmissions. As early as 1932, a team of Polish mathematician-cryptanalysts had succeeded in figuring out how “Enigma”
- [Oliver Cromwell: The Man Who Killed a King and Changed the Course of English History](https://www.historydefined.net/oliver-cromwell/) - The history of England is filled with many military geniuses, influential politicians, and devout men of God. However, no one else may have fulfilled all three roles at once like Oliver Cromwell did. The United Kingdom as we know it today wouldn’t exist if not for Cromwell’s role in the English Civil Wars. Cromwell’s Complicated
- [What Led to the Grisly St. Valentine's Day Massacre?](https://www.historydefined.net/st-valentines-day-massacre/) - In 1920s Chicago, violence was everywhere. With prohibition in full swing, and bootleggers rising to meet the ever-increasing demand for alcohol, tensions across the city were high. Completing the recipe for violence was the organized crime syndicates that all but ran the city. Ranging from small-time bootlegging gangs to enormous crime empires like Al Capone’s
- [The 9 Most Overrated Historical Figures of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/overrated-historical-figures/) - Do these ten historical figures really deserve to be as celebrated as they are? You be the judge. 1. Spartacus A gladiator who rose up against the mighty Roman Empire. An inspiration to oppressed peoples everywhere. This is how Spartacus is often remembered. Beginning in the summer of 73 BC, a Thracian slave named Spartacus
- [What Was Surgery and Medicine  Like In Ancient Egypt?](https://www.historydefined.net/surgery-ancient-egypt/) - Discover how ancient Egyptians approached surgery and medicine, what kind of tools they used, and the treatments they offered.
- [Otto Rahn and the Third Reich's Hunt for the Holy Grail](https://www.historydefined.net/otto-rahn/) - In the early days of the Third Reich, Adolf Hitler and his inner circle were obsessed with finding the Holy Grail. They believed the Grail could grant them supernatural powers and help them win the war. So, they turned to Otto Rahn to help them find it. Rahn was a German archaeologist who studied the
- [Brothers in Blood, Brothers in Arms: The Sullivans’ Sacrifice in World War II](https://www.historydefined.net/sullivan-brothers/) - Though the USA entered World War II later than its Allies, its military faced some of the fiercest battles in the entire war. Among the hundreds of brave young men who signed up were the five Sullivan brothers from Waterloo, Iowa. Tragically, none of the five made it back alive, but their story serves as
- [Brilliant Hidden Film Details That Will Blow Your Mind](https://www.historydefined.net/brilliant-hidden-film-details-that-will-blow-your-mind/) - Think you know your favorite films inside and out? Think again. Tucked into the corners of iconic movies are clever nods, visual gags, and storytelling flourishes that most viewers will miss on the first (or fifth) watch. From bizarre props to background cameos linking entire cinematic universes, these brilliant hidden details prove that filmmakers sweat
- [The Antonine Plague: The Illness That Conquered the Roman Empire](https://www.historydefined.net/the-antonine-plague/) - 2020 was the first time most of us experienced a global outbreak. The entire world seemingly ground to a halt. Despite the devastating loss of life, it wasn’t the first time that a pandemic threatened our global order. Human history is full of examples of diseases that have run amok, claiming innumerable lives and affecting
- [Paper Caper: The History of the Paper Dress ](https://www.historydefined.net/paper-caper-the-history-of-the-paper-dress/) - Few historians would disagree that the 1960s was the most culturally significant decade in American history—particularly in terms of American Pop culture. From the signing of the Civil Rights Act of 1960 to Woodstock (the biggest music festival in history, held in 1969), the 60s were a veritable roller-coaster ride of cultural evolution and revolution.
- [9 Fascinating Unsolved Historical Mysteries](https://www.historydefined.net/fascinating-unsolved-historical-mysteries/) - Mysteries are mind-boggling gaps in our history that remain timeless by our fascination with them. Let's face it: we all love a good mystery, but what's a good mystery without the final unveiling —the 'Scooby-Doo' effect? From the days of a mysterious shining star dangling over a manger to the days of the infamous killer
- [Laika: Soviet Space Dog & The First Animal In Orbit](https://www.historydefined.net/laika/) - Amid the Cold War's heated rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, an extraordinary tale unfolded outside of the spotlight of politics, warfare, and ideology. It took place hundreds of kilometers above the Earth’s surface. This is the captivating story of Laika. She was an ordinary stray dog plucked from the streets of
- [Brendon Grimshaw: The Englishman Who Bought an Island at the End of the Earth and Created Paradise](https://www.historydefined.net/brendon-grimshaw/) - In 1962, Brendon Grimshaw, a 37-year-old British newspaper editor working in Kenya, decided to go on holiday in the Seychelles, an archipelago of 115 (mostly uninhabited) islands in the Indian Ocean. More than just a change of scenery, Grimshaw was looking for a change of life. As editor of some of the largest newspapers
- [New DNA evidence may reveal Jack the Ripper's  identity](https://www.historydefined.net/jack-the-ripper-identity/) - The dark streets of Whitechapel in 1888 loom large in our imaginations. Historians, authors, and true-crime enthusiasts have spent decades sifting through official documents and personal letters to figure out who committed the most infamous murders of Victorian London. The case seemed like a puzzle that refused to be solved. People threw around countless theories
- [Exploring the Hidden Childhood of Jesus Not Found in Scripture](https://www.historydefined.net/exploring-the-hidden-childhood-of-jesus-not-found-in-scripture/) - The story of Jesus Christ’s life is one of the most well-known in history. From the holy books that make up the Bible to historical accounts written by non-Christians, we have many records detailing how the Messiah lived and died. While the latter years of Jesus’ life have been extremely well-documented, his early years are
- [Raquel Welch: Stunning photos of one of the 60s most iconic stars](https://www.historydefined.net/raquel-welch-photos/) - Born Jo Raquel Tejada on September 5, 1940, in Chicago, Welch's breakthrough came with her role in the 1966 film One Million Years B.C., where she barely had three lines, but her depiction in a doe-skin bikini made her an instant pop culture icon. Yet, Welch was determined not to be pigeonholed by her image. She
- [Photos of the Most Famous Pin-Up Models of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/pin-up-models-photos/) - Pin-up artists and pin-up models became a cultural phenomenon starting in the early 20th century. The style is characterized by images of beautiful women, usually wearing bathing suits or glamorous clothing, striking poses that highlight their features. The term pin-up refers to the use of these pictures and drawings to be pinned up on walls
- [The Shocking History of the "Forbidden Experiment”](https://www.historydefined.net/the-shocking-history-of-the-forbidden-experiment/) - Our understanding of modern psychology is founded on the research and experiments of the past. However, not all experiments have met their goal of furthering our knowledge of the human mind. In fact, some have done the opposite. They’ve highlighted how experimental methods can sometimes do more harm than good. Such experiments are best avoided
- [Sophia Loren: Stunning photos of a timeless Italian beauty](https://www.historydefined.net/sophia-loren-photos/) - In cinematic history, few names have reached the heights of Sophia Loren, an emblem of Italian grace and beauty. Born on September 20, 1934 as Sofia Costanza Brigida Villani Scicolone, Loren rose from the ashes of post-war Italy to ascend the heights of international stardom. Sophia Loren's early years were marked by poverty and the
- [Jayne Mansfield: Photos of one of the most stunning stars of the 50s and 60s.](https://www.historydefined.net/jayne-mansfield-photos/) - Jayne Mansfield was a highly successful American actress who significantly impacted the entertainment industry during her short career. Apart from her acting skills, Mansfield was also a talented nightclub entertainer, singer, and one of the early Playboy Playmates. She was known for pushing boundaries with publicity stunts, including wardrobe malfunctions. Despite being married and divorced
- [The Apocrypha: Were Books Left Out of the Protestant Bible?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-apocrypha-were-books-left-out-of-the-protestant-bible/) - Christianity, despite being a monotheistic religion, is made up of remarkably diverse sects and doctrines. The three largest sects of Christianity are Catholicism, Protestantism, and Eastern Orthodox. So if all the sects worship the same God, what sets them apart? An important distinction between the major sects of Christianity lies within the scriptures they consider
- [The Unsolved Mystery Of The Villisca Axe Murders](https://www.historydefined.net/unsolved-villisca-axe-murders/) - In Villisca, Iowa, there is an old, white-frame house that sits at the end of a quiet street. At first glance, the house has no aura of mystery, unwittingly blending into its environment. But on closer inspection, this structure proves to be hauntingly eerie and empty, with the doors to the house tightly boarded up.
- [How Matching Dinosaur Footprints Ended Up on Opposite Sides of the Atlantic Ocean](https://www.historydefined.net/how-matching-dinosaur-footprints-ended-up-on-opposite-sides-of-the-atlantic-ocean/) - Our planet hasn’t always looked the way it does. For millions of years, Earth was so drastically different from the world we know that it might as well have been a different planet! In August 2024, paleontologists made an exciting find: matching sets of dinosaur footprints. Simply finding dinosaur footprints, hundreds of millions of years
- [26 photos taken just before tragedy struck](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-just-before-tragedy-struck/) - In these pivotal moments before tragedy struck, a single photograph was captured, providing a poignant snapshot of the final moments in these lives. Embark on a journey through history, exploring the images taken just before disaster struck. More articles If you enjoyed this, check out more historical photos: 35 of the most disturbing photos ever
- [15 of the most controversial moments in sports history](https://www.historydefined.net/15-of-the-most-controversial-moments-in-sports-history/) - Sports are surprisingly emotional. Athletes push themselves to the limit, fans stand by their teams through every high and low, and reporters and commentators create heroes and villains. But controversy always lurks. Sometimes, it's a shady deal behind the scenes. Other times, it's a moment of passion spilling out on the field. Below are 15
- [Final moments: Haunting last photos of 40 iconic people](https://www.historydefined.net/haunting-photos-of-iconic-peoples-final-moments/) - A single photograph has the power to evoke thousands stories. Capturing a specific moment in time, photos offer us a unique window into the past, allowing us to see historical figures as they were. The final photograph of an individual holds a special significance; it marks the close of a life and often signifies the
- [Rare photos of life during the Civil War](https://www.historydefined.net/civil-war-photos/) - The American Civil War was a violent conflict between the Union and Confederate forces that took place between 1861-1865. The Union was the group from the North and the Confederacy was the South. The ultimate cause was over the future of slavery expansion in the United States. The Confederacy was formed after a group of
- [The Life of Baldwin IV of Jerusalem, the Leper King](https://www.historydefined.net/baldwin-iv-of-jerusalem/) - Baldwin IV of Jerusalem was one of the most interesting and tragic figures of the 12th century. Born in 1161 and diagnosed with Leprosy at age nine, Baldwin IV became king of Jerusalem at thirteen when his father, Almaric, passed suddenly of dysentery. Although he was a child, Baldwin was a brave and determined ruler
- [A Look at Popular Fashion Trends of the 1970s](https://www.historydefined.net/70s-fashion/) - The 70s were defined by the handful of countercultural movements. The younger generations were breaking free from the stiffer lifestyles and fashion expressions of their parents in the 50s and 60s. Hippy, punk, and disco subcultures were gaining popularity. Fashion expression became a very common way that the youth were identifying with their ideals and
- [Legendary Photos of the Most Iconic 80s Fashion Trends](https://www.historydefined.net/80s-fashion-trends/) - 80s fashion made an extreme turn away from the hippie fashion of the 70s. Punk and alternative fashion also had a growing movement in the 80s as a pushback to fashion of the previous decade. Popular trends that we started to see included acid wash denim, cut off shirts, bright and neon colors, big patterns,
- [What did Camping Look Like in the 60s and 70s?](https://www.historydefined.net/camping-60s-70s/) - Camping became a popular choice for family vacations starting in the 1950s. It was a cost-effective activity for large families and provided tons of outdoor space for children to run around. More federal money was being put towards the park services, and campgrounds became increasingly crowded with families and visitors from all over the country
- [Conversation Pits: Photos of the Popular 70s Trend](https://www.historydefined.net/conversation-pits-photos-of-the-popular-70s-trend/) - Conversation pits started gaining popularity in the 1950s and were a common feature in houses throughout the 70s. Their distinctive feature was the sunken floor plan, often accompanied with cozy couches, cushions, and decorations. The layout often included furniture that faced each other. This layout where guests would all be facing each other and could
- [Rare Pictures of the Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge](https://www.historydefined.net/construction-brooklyn-bridge/) - The Brooklyn Bridge is an iconic structure that connects the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn in New York City. It stands over the East River. It is a combination of a suspension-style bridge and a cable-stayed bridge. Talks of building a bridge across the East River began in the early 1800s. The original construction plans
- [What Did Daily American Life in the 1920s Look Like?](https://www.historydefined.net/daily-american-life-1920s/) - The 1920s, popularly nicknamed the Roaring Twenties, in America was a time of economic prosperity, culture shifts, and technological advances. The 20s experienced significant economic growth. Coming in at the end of a war, the economy transitioned into a peacetime economy and more money was being spent in the states, rather than on war efforts.
- [Then vs. Now: How Prices Have Skyrocketed Over The Years](https://www.historydefined.net/rise-of-inflation/) - You watch old movies where the characters go out to dinner and the movies and it only costs a few dollars. You hear stories from parents or grandparents about how they paid a few cents for a piece of candy when they were kids. You hear stories about how a single income could support an
- [Photos of the Most Iconic Statues of the Renaissance](https://www.historydefined.net/most-iconic-statues-renaissance/) - The period known as the Italian Renaissance took place in the 15th and 16 centuries. It was characterized by its burst of artistic masterpieces and other cultural changes that came out of this time. Many advances in art such as paintings and sculptures, architecture, philosophy, and science were made during this time. These achievements signaled
- [Iconic photos of some of history's first mugshots](https://www.historydefined.net/early-mugshots/) - Prohibition, pickpocketing, robbery. Horse thievery, larceny, smuggling. These were common charges seen for bookings during the later 1800s and early 1900s. Many people were arrested for petty thievery who were often just trying to feed their families. Others were arrested for murder after killing those who owed them money (or those who may have owed
- [Gangsters, Booze, and the Boardwalk: Photos of Atlantic City](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-atlantic-city/) - Atlantic City is a city on the beaches of New Jersey. It has gone through many iterations, but it is probably most notorious for its time during the 1920s where it was a bustling hub of gambling, gangsters, and drinking. During Prohibition, Atlantic City became a place with an open secret. A steady stream of
- [Stunning and Spooky Photos of the Horror Icon: Elvira](https://www.historydefined.net/elvira/) - Elvira was a horror persona created by Cassandra Peterson. She was an intriguing mix of humor, horror, and sex appeal which turned her into one of the most iconic images in entertainment. A casting call for the show Fright Night caught the attention of Peterson. She won the audition to become the new horror hostess.
- [Candid Photographs of Some of the Worst People in History](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-worst-people-in-history/) - From serial killers to dictators, history has had its fair share of people who do horrible things to others. We view these people as monsters because of the horrible acts they are known for. Which makes it very hard to understand how they were not caught for so long or how they had families that
- [Haunting Photos of the Worst Natural Disasters in History](https://www.historydefined.net/worst-natural-disasters/) - Natural disasters can be one of the most terrifying phenomenons we experience. It makes us face the fact that humans sometimes stand no chance in the face of such powerful forces. From earthquakes to floods to tornadoes and volcanoes, natural disasters have been occurring alongside humans for as long as we have been around and
- [September 11: Haunting Photos of Worst Terrorist Attack in US History](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-9-11/) - The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City forever changed the United States. It was one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in history. There were four coordinated attacks on that day carried out by the terrorist group, Al-Qaeda. Two planes were flown into the Twin Towers in New York City. One was flown
- [50 Photos of Everyday Life in the Soviet Union](https://www.historydefined.net/everyday-life-soviet-union/) - The Soviet Union was the previous name for the country now know as Russia. It lasted from 1922 to 1991. The Soviet Union was a results of many political, ideological, and historical factors. It was a time of control, political tensions, and wars. It was also a time of the Space Race (the infamous Sputnik),
- [Beautiful Photos of the Most Stylish 1960s Fashion Trends](https://www.historydefined.net/1960s-fashion/) - The 1960s was an era of pretty diverse fashion trends. You can see the influence coming off the more modern trends of the 50s, as well as the transition to 'hippie' fashion in the late 1960s. The mini skirt became popularized, as well as go-go boots, bold prints and colors, as well as several styles
- [Stunning Photos of 80s Movie Stars When They Were Young](https://www.historydefined.net/80s-movie-stars/) - The 80s gave us a wide variety of movies and movie legends. Action movies and franchises became huge. We also saw a rise in science fiction and fantasy movies with the increasing skills in makeup and special effects. There were also the classic coming-of-age and teen movies that define each decade for the youth. Comedy
- [Are the 90s Back? Photos of Popular 90s Fashion Trends](https://www.historydefined.net/90s-fashion-trends/) - 90s fashion trends were iconic and memorable. From the grunge aesthetic, to hip-hop, to preppy, there truly was a style choice for everyone. Some of the most popular trends included many forms of denim, specifically very light denim. Baggy denim jeans, baggy and high-waisted denim shorts, denim jackets and vests. It was also the era
- [Photos of the Stunning Looks of 1920s Fashion](https://www.historydefined.net/1920s-fashion/) - The Roaring Twenties were a time of economic prosperity, Prohibition, flapper girls, and iconic fashion trends. For women, skirts were all the rage. Midi-length with a drop waist, beaded decor, and a pair of sling-back kitten heels would be a trendy outfit. Accessories like headbands, hear wraps, and cloche hats would tie the look together.
- [What Were the Popular Fashion Trends of the 1950s?](https://www.historydefined.net/popular-fashion-trends-1950s/) - The 1950s were a decade of such iconic fashion trends that we often see 50s-inspired Halloween costumes, photoshoots, and retro-themed fashion accounts that pay homage to these styles. A huge proponent of fashion is and was Christian Dior. Dior made a famous fashion statement in the 1940s and 1950s that was called The New Look.
- [Photos of Actors that Ruled the Screen in the 90s](https://www.historydefined.net/90s-actors/) - The 1990s gave audiences a huge variety of cinema options. From the action-packed features to the angsty coming-of-age teen dramas, to the slap-stick comedy, there was no shortage of memorable scenes. Many actors were just getting their start in the 90s. There was a huge rise in child stars and shows on networks like Nickelodeon.
- [Rare Images that Capture World War One as it Really Was](https://www.historydefined.net/images-world-war-i/) - The First World War occurred between 1914-1918. The conflict was a power struggle between the Allies and the Central Powers. A huge shift in the balance of power led to the catalyst for World War I. One major cause was the rise of power in Germany. Another was the decline of the Ottoman Empire. Other
- [Images of Daily American Life in the 1950s](https://www.historydefined.net/images-daily-life-1950s/) - The 1950s are commonly associated with the popularity of diners, ice cream counters, drive-in movies- domesticity, houses with white picket fences, and the beginning of some music movements like rock and roll. And while these common images were certainly part of the zeitgeist, the 1950s were also a time of huge cultural changes, economic expansion,
- [Haunting photos of the Dust Bowl Era of the 1930s](https://www.historydefined.net/dust-bowl/) - The phenomenon known as the Dust Bowl occurred over several stages, primarily in the 1930s. It was a period where severe dust storms blew through the prairie lands. These storms resulted in significant issues for the people occupying these regions. It especially affected farmers in this area who relied solely on their income from farming
- [Unforgettable Photos That Capture the Reality of the Korean War](https://www.historydefined.net/korean-war-photos/) - The Korean War began with an invasion of South Korea by North Korea in 1950. North Korea was backed by the Soviet Union and China. South Korea was backed by the United Nations Command which was led by the United States. The end of World War II saw the liberation of Korea as a Japanese
- [Photos of Beach Days in the Early 20th Century](https://www.historydefined.net/beach-days-early-20th-century/) - Beach days have been a staple of summer days and family trips for generations. When the weather is warm, the sun is out, and the kids are antsy from being inside, a day at the beach would be the answer. While beach activities such as building sandcastles, looking for seashells, and playing in the waves
- [Photos of America's Great Cities in the Early 20th Century](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-of-great-american-cities/) - America has a plethora of wildly diverse and distinct major cities. The vastness of the country makes each state feel unique, like it has its own personality. This goes for all of the major cities sprinkled across the country. Each major city has its own flair and is known for specific foods, themes, sports, buildings,
- [Photos of the Building of the Golden Gate Bridge](https://www.historydefined.net/building-golden-gate-bridge/) - The Golden Gate Bridge, situated in the San Francisco Bay, is one of the most recognizable bridges in the world. With its bright red color, and its dazzling height, it's only of the most iconic symbols of San Francisco. For decades, a ferry service was used to shuttle people from San Francisco across the bay
- [The Life and Strange Times of Writer Hunter S. Thompson](https://www.historydefined.net/hunter-s-thompson/) - In June of 1970, journalist Hunter S. Thompson was sent to his hometown of Louisville, Kentucky, to cover the highlights of the world-famous Kentucky Derby, for Scanlan's Monthly. The result was a now infamous article entitled, “The Kentucky Derby Is Decadent and Depraved.” Virtually ignoring the race itself, Thompson focused instead on the orgy-like atmosphere--
- [How Ancient Engineers Cooled Cities Without Modern Technology](https://www.historydefined.net/how-ancient-engineers-cooled-cities-without-modern-technology/) - Long before air conditioning and modern technology, ancient civilizations devised clever methods to keep their cities cool, even in scorching climates. From using building materials that didn’t conduct heat to reservoirs that surrounded villages, ancient engineers crafted ingenious solutions to battle the heat. By harnessing natural elements like wind, shade, and water, they developed sustainable
- [The Haunting Smile of Cheng Benhua: Resistance Fighter](https://www.historydefined.net/cheng-benhua/) - This photograph captures one of the last moments of this woman’s life. Cheng Benhua was a resistance fighter who gave her life defending her home country of China against the Japanese Imperial Army. She has become a symbol of bravery in the face of death and unspeakable abuse. Not long before striking this defiant pose, Cheng
- [The Horrors of David Parker Ray, the Toy Box Killer](https://www.historydefined.net/david-parker-ray/) - There are many infamous serial killers, each known for their sick and twisted crimes. David Parker Ray’s modus operandi was to assault, torture, and then drug women. Although he was never caught, he was believed to have murdered dozens of women. He was known as the “Toy Box Killer” for the location of his sadistic
- [Angus Barbieri: The Man Who Didn’t Eat For 382 Days](https://www.historydefined.net/angus-barbieri/) - In June of 1965, Angus Barbieri, a seemingly average, normal Scottish man, captured the world's attention. embarking on what would become an unbelievable 382-day fasting journey. Barbieri shattered all records and expectations, stupefying scientists, and public onlookers. Barbieri's Life Before Very little information is available about Barbieri and his life before his record-breaking fast and
- [Henry Box Brown: The slave who mailed himself to freedom](https://www.historydefined.net/henry-box-brown/) - Born as a slave in the early 1800s, Henry “Box” Brown escaped from enslavement and became a well-known abolitionist and stage performer. His escape is notable for both its creativity and gutsiness. He mailed himself to freedom in a crate, earning him his nickname. Today, he is an icon in African-Americans' fight for freedom. Early
- [Josef Fritzl: The Horrifying Tale of the 24-Year-Long Captivity](https://www.historydefined.net/josef-fritzl/) - What seemed like an innocent request—helping her father lift a door into place—would mark the beginning of an unimaginable nightmare. On a hot August day in 1984, Elisabeth Fritzl followed her father into the cellar he had been constructing beneath their family home for months. As she descended into the cellar, she assisted her father
- [Aloha Airlines Flight 243: A Miracle in the Pacific Sky](https://www.historydefined.net/aloha-airlines-flight-243/) - In 1988, the skies above Hawaii bore witness to one of the most unbelievable and astounding instances in aviation history. Aloha Airlines Flight 243 experienced a catastrophic structural failure mid-flight. Against all odds, the crew managed to bring the aircraft safely to the ground with only one casualty. Background Aloha Airlines Flight 243, a routine
- [Dina Sanichar: The Feral Boy Who Inspired the Jungle Book ](https://www.historydefined.net/life-of-dina-sanichar/) - A look at the life of Dina Sanichar, who was raised feral in the jungles in India like Mowgli from The Jungle Book and later put in an orphanage.
- [The Deadly Exorcism of Anneliese Michel, The Real Life Emily Rose](https://www.historydefined.net/anneliese-michel/) - On June 1, 1976 a tragic exorcism began that would shake the Catholic Church and end in death. This is the story of Anneliese Michel.
- [50 Unique Photographs of the Wild Days of the Circus](https://www.historydefined.net/circus-photographs/) - The concept of the circus has been around for a couple hundred years. It has gone through several evolutions but many of the ideas have stayed the same. Circuses offer a form of entertainment that audiences will rarely see anywhere else. Some common features of the circus are the iconic bit top tent, performers doing
- [What were the Largest Cities of Medieval Europe?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-were-the-largest-cities-of-medieval-europe/) - Living in a big city is a completely different experience from staying out in the countryside. Today’s city-dwellers enjoy access to robust public transport and a bustling nightlife and interact with a diverse community of fellow citizens — perks of urban living that simply can’t be found anywhere else. This holds true for present times
- [Beautiful Vintage photos of Sharon Tate in the 1960s](https://www.historydefined.net/beautiful-vintage-photos-of-sharon-tate-in-the-1960s/) - Sharon Tate was an American actress and model born on January 24, 1943. In the 1960s, she began her career in television advertisements and small roles before moving on to films and modeling. Tate earned praise for her performances in both comedy and drama, becoming known as one of Hollywood’s promising newcomers. She gained fame
- [Stunning photos of Vikki 'The Back' Dougan](https://www.historydefined.net/vikki-dougan-photos/) - Actress and model Vikki Dougan earned her nickname "The Back" due to her penchant for wearing strikingly low-backed dresses that accentuated her figure during the 1950s and 1960s. These distinctive outfits even inspired folk music group The Limelighters to pen a song about her, playfully imploring Dougan to "turn her back" on them. Dougan's journey
- [Alpo Martinez: Kingpin, Informant, and 'Mayor' of Harlem](https://www.historydefined.net/alpo-martinez/) - During the 1980s, Harlem became the epicenter of the crack cocaine epidemic as the neighborhood became synonymous with drugs, crime, and gangs. The area was ignored by the police, and the drug lords ruled the streets, transforming the historic 19th-century brownstones into drug dens and crack houses. In this setting, a man named Alpo Martinez
- [10 Iconic Ancient Roman Ruins That Everyone Needs to Visit](https://www.historydefined.net/10-iconic-ancient-roman-ruins-that-everyone-needs-to-visit/) - The Roman Empire spanned from the Middle East, across Northern Africa, into Northern Europe. Buildings and roads constructed as part of the empire’s expansion have survived thousands of years due to advanced Roman engineering, and ruins can be found across dozens of countries. Here’s a list of 10 of the most interesting Roman ruins: Colosseum
- [Who Were the Top Allied Commanders during WWI?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-top-allied-commanders-during-wwi/) - At the start of the 20th Century, Europe’s political scenario was in a state of upheaval. Emerging nationalist movements in several parts of Europe were threatening the established order. By 1914, when a Serbian nationalist assassinated the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the stage was already set for a major conflict that would draw in the
- [The Lovers of Valdaro - A Double Burial From Neolithic Italy](https://www.historydefined.net/lovers-of-valdaro/) - The Lovers of Valdaro, or Valdaro Lovers, are two 6,000-year-old skeletons discovered in a Neolithic tomb near Valdaro in Mantua, Italy, in 2007.
- [How Did We End Up with So Many Translations of the Bible?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-did-we-end-up-with-so-many-translations-of-the-bible/) - Studying the Bible is fundamentally an act of faith. However, given the numerous translations and versions available, it also allows for a fascinating exploration of theology and linguistics. Each version or translation can illuminate new shades of meaning, highlight certain theological aspects, and invoke new insights for the reader’s understanding of the scripture. While the
- [Why did Christian Monks have such strange haircuts?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-did-christian-monks-have-such-strange-haircuts-fb/) - Since medieval times, Christian Monks have been shaving their head on top in the way we’ve all come to associate them with. The style, bald with a brim of hair, is as iconic as their dark brown attire, but what is it that makes Christian Monks adopt this rather unusual, and some would say unflattering,
- [Amar Bharati: The Man Who Kept His Arms Raised for 45 Years](https://www.historydefined.net/amar-bharati-fb/) - Can you imagine waking up one day and deciding that you will not lower your right hand? Sticking to such a decision would require you to have some powerful motivation. Most of us have raised a hand to the sky for a specific time, but eventually, as the arm begins to ache, we would put
- [Haunting Photos of Chernobyl Decades After The Nuclear Meltdown](https://www.historydefined.net/chernobyl-today-fb/) - It’s been over three decades since Chernobyl experienced the most massive nuclear disaster in history. Even after billions spent cleaning up and at least four thousand dead, the area itself is a ghostly shell of itself, long reclaimed by plant and animal life. Pripyat, the town built next to the plant, was intended to be a symbol
- [Who Were the Top Allied Commanders during WWII?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-top-allied-commanders-during-wwii/) - World War II was the biggest military conflict of the 20th century. This multi-year engagement, which lasted from 1939 to 1945, saw warfare being waged to devastating effect on a hitherto unprecedented scale. WWII’s result would shape the future of world politics, and its outcome was decided by the decisions and actions of a group
- [50 of the Most Chilling Photos in History](https://www.historydefined.net/chilling-photos/) - Human history is full of beauty, advancements, and progress. But there has always been a dark side to humanity. Humans have the awful ability to hurt others. Violence, fear, and power have caused some of the worst wars, crimes, and pain. Photographs taken through the decades have documented some of the cruelest acts and intense
- [How scientists rediscovered the ancient city of Ocomtún](https://www.historydefined.net/how-scientists-rediscovered-the-ancient-city-of-ocomtun/) - Hidden for centuries by a thick layer of jungle, ancient Mayan cities are finally being rediscovered thanks to new technologies and the tireless work of archeologists. Ocomtún is one of the most recent discoveries. It was unearthed in 2023 by the Slovenian archaeologist Ivan Šprajc and his team. This ancient Mayan city in the Yucatan
- [How "the luckiest man alive" won the lottery twice](https://www.historydefined.net/how-the-luckiest-man-alive-won-the-lottery-twice/) - In 1998, Australian Bill Morgan’s life hung in the balance. Following a car crash that hospitalized him, he also endured a catastrophic heart attack that left doctors declaring him “clinically dead” when his heart stopped beating. Despite regaining a heartbeat after more than 14 minutes, doctors said he would still not recover. Morgan drifted into
- [The 7 Most Accurate World War I Movies of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-7-most-accurate-world-war-i-movies-of-all-time/) - World War I was a cataclysmic event that reshaped the world. With its trench warfare, the widespread use of chemical weapons, and the staggering loss of life, the conflict remains a subject of enduring fascination. Over the decades, many filmmakers have tried to capture the essence of this war, striving for historical accuracy and emotional
- [A Revolutionary Study Identified the Origin of the Black Death](https://www.historydefined.net/origin-black-death/) - In a remarkable breakthrough, researchers traced the origins of the Black Death, one of history's deadliest pandemics, to a small region in Central Asia near present-day Kyrgyzstan. This discovery sheds new light on the roots of the plague that decimated nearly half of Europe's population in the 14th century and offers crucial insights into the
- [Why the Most Complete Neanderthal Skeleton Ever Discovered Remains Locked in Stone](https://www.historydefined.net/why-the-most-complete-neanderthal-skeleton-ever-discovered-remains-locked-in-stone/) - The discovery of the Altamura Man, an almost complete Neanderthal skeleton encased in limestone within a cave in southern Italy, is one of the most significant findings in paleoanthropology over the last 100 years. This rare and well-preserved specimen offers valuable insights into Neanderthal life. Yet, its extraction remains an elusive challenge, almost impossible due
- [The 7 Most Accurate Civil War Movies of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-7-most-accurate-civil-war-movies-of-all-time/) - The American Civil War, a defining and tumultuous chapter in the nation's history, has been portrayed in numerous films over the decades. While many of these cinematic depictions take creative liberties, a select few stand out for their dedication to historical accuracy. This article highlights some of the most accurate Civil War movies, each offering
- [The Woman Who Can Smell Parkinson’s](https://www.historydefined.net/joy-milne/) - Parkinson’s disease is one of the world’s most crippling illnesses. It can leave you not only shaking uncontrollably, but it can affect how you sleep, walk, eat, and overall function. It has impacted millions of people’s lives, including those of Muhammad Ali, Michael J. Fox, Ozzy Osbourne, and Neil Diamond. The worst part about is
- [The greatest cities in human history](https://www.historydefined.net/the-greatest-cities-in-human-history/) - Cities developed alongside the invention of agriculture. Whenever enough human beings came together, division of labor increased and people were able to specialize in crafts and trades. This article delves into some of the most astonishing cities of the ancient world. Jericho Jericho may be the longest standing continually occupied city in the world. The
- [The 60 schoolchildren who 'saw' aliens](https://www.historydefined.net/ariel-school-aliens/) - For decades, UFO reports have been tossed aside as fiction. Despite how many people corroborate a story and provide video evidence, there’s another side to the story that always casts doubt on what is reported, saying what was seen was a weather balloon, drone, or some sort of weather phenomenon. Thus, it’s always up to
- [Jon Brower Minnoch: The heaviest man in history](https://www.historydefined.net/jon-brower-minnoch/) - People spend years of their lives trying to get into the Guiness Book of World Records; Countless hours of training, determination, and sacrifice to have your name immortalized forever. Throughout the history of human achievement, world records have been seen as triumphant feats, beacons of human perseverance, and symbols of indomitable spirit and dedication. While
- [10 Amazing Colorized Photographs From The American Civil War](https://www.historydefined.net/colorized-photographs-from-the-american-civil-war/) - The American Civil War was one of the first conflicts to be extensively photographed. By that point, camera technology had reached the point where it could capture high-quality photographs. Photographers like Mathew Brady, Alexander Gardner, and George S. Cook detailed this historical conflict. You've probably seen some of their work in black and white. But
- [Treaty of Tordesillas: Division of the “New World”](https://www.historydefined.net/treaty-of-tordesillas-division-of-the-new-world/) - It’s hard to imagine a time when the U.S. was just a pawn in another country’s machinations. But that was exactly what happened in the Treaty of Tordesillas, which was signed on June 7, 1494. Back then, there was no United States of America. Instead, there was a “New World” and it was to be
- [The Unconventional Life of Diogenes the Cynic](https://www.historydefined.net/the-unconventional-life-of-diogenes-the-cynic/) - Many today may not know who Diogenes is, but they certainly know cynicism. Diogenes, the founder of Cynicism, was often thought of as mentally unstable. But it is hard to find proof of that when there are no official records of Diogenes' life. So much of what people know about Diogenes today is based on
- [Captain James Cook and His Many Voyages Into the Unknown](https://www.historydefined.net/captain-james-cook/) - James Cook (1728 - 1779) was a British naval officer, navigator, explorer, and cartographer. He is mainly known for his expeditions between 1768 and 1779 to the Pacific Ocean, New Zealand, and Australia. Though he was a well-decorated member of the British armed forces, his professional life was far from perfect, and very little is
- [The Bay of Pigs Invasion: A Grand Plan That Backfired](https://www.historydefined.net/the-bay-of-pigs/) - That the United States has a penchant for meddling in foreign affairs isn’t new. Despite a long history marked by conflict, controversy, and violence, few historical accounts measure up to the disaster that was the Bay of Pigs. The invasion of Bahía de Cochinos (Bay of Pigs) or Playa Girón (Girón Beach) in Cuba was
- [What Drug Use Was Like In Ancient Greece and Rome](https://www.historydefined.net/drugs-in-greece-and-rome/) - Uncover the various drugs that were popular in ancient Greece and Rome, their effects, and how society viewed drug use in this era.
- [What Happened to Pontius Pilate, the Man Who Condemned Jesus?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-happened-to-pontius-pilate/) - Pontius Pilate is one of history's most mysterious figures. Learn what happened to him after condemning Jesus Christ to death.
- [The History Behind the Cruel Roman Practice of Decimation](https://www.historydefined.net/the-history-of-decimation/) - Learn about the barbaric practice of decimation and how it was used by the Roman army and throughout history to punish soldiers.
- [Why Was The Dutch Prime Minister Johan De Witt Murdered and Eaten?](https://www.historydefined.net/when-the-dutch-murdered-and-ate-their-own-prime-minister/) - On August 20, 1672, the Dutch Prime Minister was brutally murdered. His killers then cooked and ate his body. Learn more about this gruesome event here.
- [The Horrifying Reason the Chainsaw was Invented](https://www.historydefined.net/why-was-the-chainsaw-invented/) - Learn about the chainsaw's dark and disturbing origins- a tool now widely used for construction, forestry, and even home landscaping.
- [The 7 Greatest Female Rulers of the Ancient World](https://www.historydefined.net/the-7-greatest-female-rulers-of-the-ancient-world/) - Throughout ancient history, the reigns of kingdoms and countries have predominantly been held by men. However, within this male-dominated landscape, there have been numerous women who rose to power. This article explores the lives and legacies of seven extraordinary women from the ancient world. These female rulers were selected based on their political influence, cultural
- [Dolores Hart: From Hollywood to the Nunnery](https://www.historydefined.net/dolores-hart/) - Dolores Hart had it all. She had successfully risen beyond small film roles into being a major starlet and had even locked lips with Elvis Presley in what would be Elvis’s first on-screen kiss. From her place high up in the Hollywood food chain, there were few places that Dolores couldn’t go. To the shock
- [The Courageous Story of Terry Fox](https://www.historydefined.net/terry-fox/) - Some called him the one-legged Forrest Gump, the man who began to run across an entire country after having his leg amputated. Some even believe that the scene in Forrest Gump where he runs from coast to coast was inspired by this courageous individual. His name was Terry Fox, a Canadian-born athlete who loved to
- [Mad Honey: One of history's first biological weapons](https://www.historydefined.net/mad-honey/) - It’s not the typical kind of sweet honey you’re used to tasting in tea or eating with toast or fruit. It’s actually quite the opposite and can have dangerous effects if used excessively. And if you look throughout history, it had fatal consequences for some armies who were tricked into taking it. Mad honey, found
- [Michael Lotito: The Man Who Ate an Entire Airplane](https://www.historydefined.net/michael-lotito/) - Michael Lotito, born in Grenoble, France in 1950, became widely recognized not for some invention or scientific breakthrough, but rather for his astounding ability to eat almost anything, including a small plane. This rare ability earned him the nickname "Monsieur Mangetout," which translates to "Mr. Eat-All." In this article, we will explore Michael Lotito's life
- [5 Historically Accurate Western Films Everyone Should Watch](https://www.historydefined.net/5-historically-accurate-western-films/) - Westerns are historically an immensely popular genre that has persisted for the entire history of film production. They were quite popular during the silent film era before reaching their zenith during “the Golden Age of Westerns” between the 1940s and 1960s. Spaghetti Westerns took over in the 1970s and the genre saw a resurrection during
- [11 of the deadliest wildfires in history](https://www.historydefined.net/11-of-the-deadliest-wildfires-in-history/) - Wildfires are one of the most destructive natural disasters. They can occur naturally, such as by lightning strikes or by human-made sparks. Ranging from a low smolder just below the soil to flames licking the sky from the tops of forests, wildfires vary in size and scope. While many wildfires are necessary for local environments
- [Rat Torture: One Of History's Most Barbaric Torture Methods?](https://www.historydefined.net/rat-torture-fb/) - Rats can be a real nuisance. They get into our food, our trash, and even our homes. But when applied in the right (or rather, wrong) ways, they can turn into something far more sinister: a form of torture so cruel that the very mention of it can be enough to compel someone to spill
- [10 Strange Foods of the Great Depression](https://www.historydefined.net/strange-foods-of-the-great-depression-fb/) - The Great Depression, which lasted in the United States from 1929 to 1939, was a time of intense scarcity. Jobs, money, and food were in short supply, so people had to reinvent their menus to survive the prolonged economic downturn. Food that people wouldn’t have earlier considered eating was silently gobbled down as they made
- [The History of Lingchi: Death by a Thousand Cuts](https://www.historydefined.net/lingchi-fb/) - The ancient Chinese method of execution known as lingchi (or ling chi), is perhaps better known by the more descriptive, “death by a thousand cuts.” As the name implies, this was a form of torture that involved slicing into the victim over and over again until they died. It was normally saved for the very
- [Ortolan: The illegal French delicacy being eaten into extinction](https://www.historydefined.net/ortolan/) - If you’ve seen the ritual at a dinner table, the first thing out of your mouth would be, “What in the world am I watching?” A group of people dining together with napkins over their heads focusing solely on the food on their plate. The napkin hides the shame of what they are doing and
- [The Shocking Role of Urine in Ancient Roman Life](https://www.historydefined.net/the-shocking-role-of-urine-in-ancient-roman-life/) - History is full of odd customs and practices that have not withstood the passage of time as a result of cultural and scientific advancements. One such practice revolved around the recycling of urine in Ancient Rome. Nowadays, human waste is recognized as a source of disease and is whisked away at the moment it is
- [The Firebombing of Dresden: The Terrible Destruction and Its Aftermath](https://www.historydefined.net/the-bombing-of-dresden/) - Dresden was not the first, or the last city to burn during World War II, but it would be one of the most controversial. By early 1945, there were whispers on the wind that World War II would soon be finished. German forces were exhausted but still defiant, and the Red Army was gaining major
- [Andre the Giant: Larger than life photos of the iconic star](https://www.historydefined.net/andre-the-giant-photos/) - André the Giant, born André René Roussimoff on May 19, 1946, was a French professional wrestler and actor. Renowned for his immense size, Roussimoff suffered from acromegaly, a disorder that results in excessive growth hormone, contributing to his height of 7 feet 4 inches and weight of 520 pounds. His wrestling career began in the
- [How the mystery of the missing SS Nemesis was solved 120 years later](https://www.historydefined.net/ss-nemesis/) - In 1904, the SS Nemesis sank and disappeared almost entirely. All lives on board were lost. Not too long after, the bodies of the Nemesis’s crew and debris from the lost ship began to watch up on the Australian shore. Despite this, the wreck of the Nemesis was never found, and for 120 years, the
- [How a meth-fueled rampage saved Aimo Koivunen's life](https://www.historydefined.net/aimo-koivunen/) - When people hear the word “meth,” short for methamphetamine, most think of drugs, addiction, and felony. This white odorless stimulant is similar to cocaine and is used to boost one’s energy significantly for a long period of time. However, while it can allow you to do more, it damages the central nervous system, and in
- [Did Catherine the Great Kill Her Husband?](https://www.historydefined.net/did-catherine-the-great-kill-her-husband/) - Catherine the Great is one of the most iconic female rulers in history. Although her name is known throughout the world, most people don’t know why she is famous. Catherine the Great was one of many female empresses of Russia. During her reign she significantly expanded Russia’s borders, encouraged cultural reforms, and proved herself a
- [The strange and hilarious history of the word "OK"](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-ok/) - Do you know what OK stands for? Its meanings and origins might surprise you. Let’s talk about language evolution. Technology has changed language at such a blistering pace that it’s hard to keep up for those of us who are a little older. I was introduced to ‘text abbreviations’ like LOL and BRB (laugh out
- [Every human alive today originated from one country](https://www.historydefined.net/every-human-alive-today-originated-from-one-country/) - The origin of the human race is a mystery that affects every single person on the planet. After all, it’s not just the history of you or the history of me, but the history of us all. As advanced as genetics research has become, it still seems impossible to pinpoint the origin of humans down
- [15 Fascinating Historical Facts That Sound Fake](https://www.historydefined.net/15-fascinating-historical-facts-that-sound-fake/) - History is, without a doubt, weird. Not surprisingly, most of the weirdness occurs because humans are also quite strange, and we tend to engage in some bizarre, even nonsensical behaviors. Whether it’s dancing themselves into a grave or fighting a war over a wooden bucket, people have been finding ways to up the oddness of
- [Adrift in the Pacific: How Tami Oldham Ashcraft Survived 41 Days at Sea](https://www.historydefined.net/how-tami-oldham-ashcraft-survived-41-days-at-sea/) - The Pacific Ocean has many stories of survival and loss, but few are as heartbreaking as that of Tami Oldham Ashcraft. In 1983, she and her fiancé, Richard Sharp, embarked on a journey that was supposed to be an adventure of a lifetime, sailing from Tahiti to San Diego. But their dreams came crashing down
- [25 of the Coolest Ancient Egyptian Artifacts Ever Found](https://www.historydefined.net/ancient-egyptian-artifacts/) - Ancient Egypt was is one of the oldest and most influential civilizations in human history. It was located on the banks of the Nile River in Northwest Africa. Ancient Egypt saw its fair share of war, conquers, and rulers. But it was also an age of agriculture, inventions, and art. With the boom in archaeology
- [The Harsh Lives Of Women During The Middle Ages](https://www.historydefined.net/the-harsh-lives-of-women-during-the-middle-ages/) - The lives and experiences of women in the tumultuous Middle Ages were often shrouded under a veil of complexity. From the hearth and home to the church and beyond, women navigated a world that presented both challenges and opportunities. Though harsh, those lives were also hopeful. Let’s journey through their adversities and constraints as well
- [Winston Churchill: A Great and Controversial Leader](https://www.historydefined.net/winston-churchill/) - Winston Churchill is easily one of the 20th century's greatest historical figures. During his exemplary career, he became known for his eloquence and rousing speeches, particularly in Britain’s darkest hours. Perhaps his greatest accomplishment is his wartime leadership as the United Kingdom’s Prime Minister. He rallied British forces during World War II and again in
- [Historical Events That Surprisingly Happened Around the Same Time](https://www.historydefined.net/historical-events-that-surprisingly-happened-around-the-same-time/) - The Disney animated feature Frozen was released in 2013. The film became an instant phenomenon because of its story, which subverted traditional fairy tales by saying you don’t need a prince charming to be happy or to be saved. You just need a sister who loves you unconditionally. Another notable event that happened in 2013
- [8 of the world's most valuable missing historical artifacts](https://www.historydefined.net/8-of-the-worlds-most-valuable-missing-historical-artifacts/) - Some of the most entertaining movies have protagonists racing against time and going on wild adventures to retrieve stolen or missing treasures. This was the plot for many successful films over the decades, including Indiana Jones, The Goonies, The Mummy, and more. These popular stories centered on treasure hunts are often based on the hundreds
- [7 Unexpected Friendships Between Historical Figures](https://www.historydefined.net/7-unexpected-friendships-between-historical-figures/) - What does a grumpy old widower have in common with a chubby young boy scout? Nothing! This is why the eventual friendship between the cranky Carl and the young Russell was so entertaining in Pixar’s 2009 film, Up. Imagine how much more interesting it would be if such unlikely friendships happened in real life. Luckily,
- [Creepy Facts About Innocent Seeming Children’s Games](https://www.historydefined.net/creepy-facts-about-innocent-seeming-childrens-games/) - Children’s games are fun to play, but when you dig deep into some of their origins, you may change your mind about their appropriateness for kids. It may surprise you to learn that some of the most entertaining children’s games have questionable—even creepy—backstories. Let’s dive deep into the sinister lore around some of the most
- [6 Biggest Historical Myths That People Think Are Facts](https://www.historydefined.net/6-biggest-historical-myths-that-people-think-are-facts/) - If you’ve ever played the “Pass the Word” game, you know it is nearly impossible to retain the exact message until the last person in the line. In fact, even a simple sentence can be convoluted into something else between just two people. This phenomenon is a pretty good reflection of how some elements of
- [The Brutal History of Viking Berserkers](https://www.historydefined.net/viking-berserkers/) - When we think of Vikings you might get an image of a fierce warrior running at you with a huge battle ax and screaming at the top of his lungs. Vikings were known for their warrior culture and fierce fighting styles. Like many other military units, the Vikings had an elite group of warriors that
- [15 Of The Most Underrated People In History](https://www.historydefined.net/15-of-the-most-underrated-people-in-history/) - In the vast tapestry of history, there are countless individuals whose contributions have shaped our world but often go unnoticed. These historical figures have made significant impacts in various fields, yet their stories remain in the shadows. Let us shine a light on 15 indubitable individuals who deserve recognition for their remarkable achievements. From pioneers
- [15 of America’s Most Enduring Mysteries](https://www.historydefined.net/americas-most-enduring-mysteries/) - wwThe United States has a rich and storied history and is the setting of some of the world’s most fascinating mysteries. Unsolved murders, secret societies, people vanishing without a trace—many questions have remained unanswered to this day. More evidence may be unearthed in the future that could point us to plausible answers. But for now,
- [How an Extravagant Necklace Contributed to the French Monarchy’s Downfall](https://www.historydefined.net/marie-antoinette-necklace/) - It seems like a cruel and unintended foreshadowing of a historic event, the way an extravagant necklace served as the last straw in bringing a glamorous queen’s neck to the guillotine. This story is about the infamous and ultra-ostentatious necklace from 18th-century France. It was studded with diamonds and cloaked in deception. The sequence of
- [The Most Iconic Music Videos of all Time](https://www.historydefined.net/most-iconic-music-videos/) - The age of music videos rose to widespread popularity in the 1980s through the early years of MTV. Music videos started to combine visual aesthetics, creative storytelling, and catchy tunes. These mini-movies paired with some of the most popular songs of the times created decades of unique, artistic, funny, and dramatic scenes. Some music videos,
- [Sally Field: Beautiful photos of the star in the 60s and 70s](https://www.historydefined.net/sally-field-photos-60s-70s/) - Sally Field is an acclaimed American actress, celebrated for her versatility and depth in both television and film. Born on November 6, 1946, in Pasadena, California, Field embarked on her acting career in the early 1960s. She gained initial fame with television roles in shows like "Gidget" and "The Flying Nun," which showcased her comedic
- [Michelle Pfeiffer: Photos of the beautiful icon in the 80s and 90s](https://www.historydefined.net/michelle-pfeiffer-photos-80s-90s/) - Michelle Pfeiffer, born on April 29, 1958, in Santa Ana, California, is an acclaimed American actress known for her versatility and enduring appeal in the film industry. She began her career with minor television roles before making a significant impact in the film Scarface (1983), where she portrayed Elvira Hancock. This role marked her emergence
- [Meryl Streep: Gorgeous photos of the young Hollywood icon](https://www.historydefined.net/meryl-streep-photos/) - Meryl Streep, born Mary Louise Streep on June 22, 1949, in Summit, New Jersey, is widely regarded as one of the most accomplished and versatile actresses of all time. Her career, spanning over four decades, is a testament to her exceptional talent, dedication, and transformative ability on screen. With a record 21 Academy Award nominations
- [Helen Mirren: Beautiful photos of the young Hollywood icon](https://www.historydefined.net/helen-mirren-photos/) - Helen Mirren, born on July 26, 1945, in London, is a distinguished British actress renowned for her versatile performances across film, television, and stage. Mirren's illustrious career began with the Royal Shakespeare Company in the late 1960s, where her remarkable talent quickly gained recognition. She transitioned to film with roles in "The Long Good Friday"
- [6 of the worst train derailments in history](https://www.historydefined.net/the-worst-train-derailments-in-history/) - The history of railway transport is marked by incredible achievements and technological advancements, connecting distant lands and fueling industrial growth. However, this progress has not been without its tragedies. Train derailments, though less frequent than other types of accidents, have led to some of the most catastrophic events in railway history. Here we explore the
- [Claudia Cardinale: Beautiful photos of the Italian film star](https://www.historydefined.net/beautiful-claudia-cardinale-photos/) - Claudia Cardinale, born on April 15, 1938, in Tunis, Tunisia, is an emblem of classic Italian cinema. Known for her mesmerizing beauty and versatile acting skills, she quickly rose to fame in the late 1950s and 1960s, captivating audiences worldwide. Cardinale's entry into the film industry was serendipitous; she won a trip to Italy at
- [5 of the most bizarre dieting fads from history](https://www.historydefined.net/5-of-the-most-bizarre-dieting-fads-from-history/) - People throughout history have always been desperate to find a quick way to shed some extra pounds, but before counting calories was a thing, people would turn to some truly bizarre diets. From ingesting nothing but air to enjoying tea flavored with raw egg, fad diets have always been weird, nonsensical, and sometimes just downright
- [3 of the most terrible weddings in history](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-terrible-weddings-in-history/) - White dresses, fresh flowers, family coming together–weddings are supposed to be joyful, right? Weddings are usually celebrations of love and union, but as we go back in history, it's easy to find some truly horrific tales of nuptials gone wrong. From divine rage to unexpected attacks, unforeseen obstacles could make even the most thoughtfully planned
- [How the Great Smog of 1952 choked London](https://www.historydefined.net/great-smog-of-19252/) - Deep into the winter of 1952, London, England, fell victim to a strange and devastating environmental event the city had never seen before. At the time, laws controlling the output of pollution and the understanding of airborne pollutants were minimal, but once the Great Smog fell over the city in 1952, everything would change. For
- [The Horrific History of Being Hanged, Drawn, and Quartered ](https://www.historydefined.net/hanged-drawn-and-quartered/) - Throughout the Dark and Medieval ages, punishments for crimes would become both more creative and more gruesome than ever before. Tales of executions have fascinated and horrified have the public for as long as history has been recorded, and none so much as being hanged, drawn, and quartered. Made famous by the execution of William
- [7 surprising facts about daily life in the Soviet Union](https://www.historydefined.net/7-surprising-facts-about-daily-life-in-the-soviet-union/) - Decades after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, only a few things about the communist state are still well-known enough to be part of the public conscience. The Cold War, Sputnik, and the rule of Joseph Stalin are all infamous enough to be widely known. Yet, these larger-than-life facts and figures like this give us
- [The Top 6 Man-Made Disasters in History](https://www.historydefined.net/the-top-man-made-disasters-in-history/) - Human history is littered with examples of hubris, where our relentless pursuit of progress and mastery over nature has sometimes led to catastrophic arrogance. Humans sometimes forget that we do not have control and that our blind ambitions have great consequences. This article explores the top man-made disasters, from the Chernobyl nuclear meltdown to the
- [The Bizarre History of Bananas](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-bananas/) - Bananas, with over 100 billion individual fruits produced annually, stand as one of the world's most beloved and crucial crops. Over a thousand varieties cater to different tastes and needs globally, but beyond their popularity as a food item, bananas are integral to the livelihoods of millions worldwide. Origins and Early Domestication The origin of
- [The Brutal History of the Gombe Chimpanzee War](https://www.historydefined.net/gombe-chimpanzee-war/) - Gombe Stream National Park, nestled in the heart of Tanzania, is a place of stunning natural beauty. Steep valleys, diverse forest vegetation, and a rich array of wildlife characterize the park. Accessible only by boat, its secluded location ensures the park's ecosystem remains unique and largely undisturbed. Lake Tanganyika lies on its western border, inviting
- [The terrible crimes of Kurt Daluege](https://www.historydefined.net/kurt-daluege/) - On October 24, 1946, Kurt Daluege, a senior Nazi official and war criminal, was executed at Pankrác Prison in Prague. Daluege, the former Chief of the Ordnungspolizei (Order Police), played a significant role in the enforcement of Nazi policies during World War II. His actions left a trail of suffering and death, and he showed
- [21 of the greatest historical movies ever made](https://www.historydefined.net/21-of-the-greatest-historical-movies-ever-made/) - Historical movies offer a unique blend of storytelling and education, bringing past events to life and allowing us to experience them anew. These films range from epic battles and political dramas to biographical accounts of influential figures. Here, we explore 21 of the greatest historical movies ever made, each contributing to our understanding of history
- [10 Historical Facts About Dogs That Will Amaze You](https://www.historydefined.net/10-historical-facts-about-dogs/) - Dogs, often referred to as "man's best friend," have shared a long and intricate history with humans. Their journey from wild predators to beloved pets is filled with fascinating tales and surprising facts. Here, we delve into ten surprising historical facts about dogs that highlight their unique bond with humans and their significant roles throughout
- [What are the 10 Oldest Countries in the World?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-are-the-10-oldest-countries-in-the-world/) - Determining the age of a country is a complex task. Borders and governments frequently change, and a nation with a deep historical background might actually be quite young, such as Russia, which emerged in 1991 after the Soviet Union dissolved. For this list, we focused on regions with a well-documented history of governance or large
- [What are the 10 Oldest Continuously Inhabited Cities in the World?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-are-the-10-oldest-continuously-inhabited-cities-in-the-world/) - Human civilization has always been deeply rooted in the establishment of cities. These urban centers served as the cradle of early human society and became hubs of culture, trade, and innovation. Some cities have withstood the test of time, maintaining continuous habitation for thousands of years. Here, we explore ten of the oldest cities in
- [Susan Sarandon: Beautiful Photos of the Hollywood star when she was young](https://www.historydefined.net/susan-sarandon-photos/) - Susan Sarandon, born Susan Abigail Tomalin on October 4, 1946, in New York City, is a distinguished American actress and activist. With a career spanning over five decades, Sarandon has established herself as a versatile and powerful presence in both film and television. Sarandon's acting journey began in the early 1970s, gaining significant attention with
- [Stunning photos of a young Marisa Tomei](https://www.historydefined.net/marisa-tomei-photos/) - Marisa Tomei, born on December 4, 1964, in Brooklyn, New York, has captivated audiences with her dynamic performances and charming presence for over three decades. With a career that spans film, television, and theater, Tomei has established herself as one of Hollywood's most versatile and respected actresses. Tomei's breakthrough role came in 1992 with the
- [Jane Seymour: Stunning Photos of the Gorgeous Hollywood Icon](https://www.historydefined.net/jane-seymour-photos/) - Jane Seymour, born Joyce Penelope Wilhelmina Frankenberg on February 15, 1951, in Uxbridge, England, is a celebrated British-American actress with a career spanning over five decades. She first gained international recognition as Solitaire in the James Bond film "Live and Let Die" (1973). This role catapulted her to fame and established her as a talented
- [50 Haunting Photos of Child Labor in the Early 1900s](https://www.historydefined.net/child-labor-photos/) - The Industrial Revolution ushered in a wave of change in the workforce. With advances in technology, production became quicker, more efficient, and the amount of product that could be produced grew exponentially. With the demand for products increasing, production had to be quicker and hours had to be long to meet these demands. Industries like
- [Photos of the Most Picturesque Castles in Europe](https://www.historydefined.net/castles-europe/) - The sprawling and diverse landscape of Europe is home to many beautiful, centuries-old castles all with a unique history. Sprinkled across the cities, throughout the countryside, and in small towns all over, castles are standing time capsules of our history. Castle architecture tells us a story about the cultural, political, and technological practices of the
- [Photos of Helmet Graffiti in the Vietnam War](https://www.historydefined.net/helmet-graffiti-vietnam-war/) - One of the most infamous photographs taken during the Vietnam War is of a soldier starting intensely into the camera. Right above his direct stare, is a very simple, yet poignant statement: "War is Hell." The photograph of this soldier and his helmet graffiti was taken by photojournalist Horst Faas on June 18, 1965, during
- [The 1970 Oregon Whale Explosion: A Bizarre and Explosive Cleanup](https://www.historydefined.net/oregon-whale-explosion/) - On November 12, 1970, the residents of Florence, Oregon, witnessed an extraordinary event when an exploding whale sent chunks of meat and blubber soaring 100 feet into the air. A 45-foot-long, eight-ton sperm whale had washed up on the beach a few days earlier, and the Oregon Department of Transportation was tasked with removing the
- [35 amazing photos from behind the scenes of Star Wars](https://www.historydefined.net/35-amazing-photos-from-behind-the-scenes-of-star-wars/) - Step behind the scenes of the legendary Star Wars universe and discover the magic that brought our favorite characters to the silver screen. From the creation of epic battles to the crafting of unforgettable characters, these photos reveal the dedication, creativity, and passion of the talented individuals who made Star Wars a timeless classic.
- [The most unforgettable images from the Vietnam War](https://www.historydefined.net/unforgettable-images-from-the-vietnam-war/) - Explore the powerful and striking images of the Vietnam War that have become an unforgettable part of our collective memory.
- [Mae West: Gorgeous photos of the original Hollywood sex symbol](https://www.historydefined.net/mae-west-photos/) - Mary Jane "Mae" West was a multi-talented American artist whose career covered over seventy years as an actress, singer, comedian, screenwriter, and playwright. West was particularly known for her sexual independence and witty sexual innuendos. She had a deep, resonant, contralto voice that added to her charm. Initially, she found success in vaudeville and New
- [The 21 Most Infamous Mob Bosses of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-infamous-mob-bosses-of-all-time/) - The Mob is one of the most heavily glamorized and popularized ideas of organized crime. When you picture a mob boss, you probably think of a well-dressed New Yorker with a cigar in one hand and a gun in the other, spitting biting one-liners before murdering someone in the dead of night, only to get
- [Glamorous photos of Bernadette Peters in the 70s and 80s](https://www.historydefined.net/bernadette-peters-photos/) - Bernadette Peters, a luminary of American musical theater, has captivated audiences since her Broadway debut in 1967. Peters is perhaps best known for her roles in Stephen Sondheim’s musicals, including "Sunday in the Park with George" and "Into the Woods," where her performances earned critical acclaim for their emotional depth. Her ability to convey complex
- [25 stunning pieces of armor from throughout history](https://www.historydefined.net/stunning-pieces-of-armor-from-throughout-history/) - Historically, armor has served as a critical component in the survival and success of warriors on the battlefield. Beyond its practical purpose of protection, armor has also been a powerful symbol of status. From the intricate mail of medieval knights to the ornate armor of the samurai, each piece tells a unique story about the
- [Ava Gardner: Photos of "The World's Most Beautiful Animal"](https://www.historydefined.net/ava-gardner-photos/) - Ava Gardner, born on December 24, 1922, in Grabtown, North Carolina, remains an enduring symbol of Hollywood glamour. Her journey from a modest upbringing to stardom began when a photo displayed in a New York studio led to a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Her rise to fame was propelled by her role in the 1946
- [Gina Lollobrigida: Photos of the 50s and 60s beauty icon](https://www.historydefined.net/gina-lollobrigida-photos/) - Starting her career in the post-war period, Gina Lollobrigida first captured the public's eye in Italy before garnering international stardom. Her breakthrough came with the film "Fanfan la Tulipe" (1952), a swashbuckling adventure, which was a great success at the global box office. Throughout the 1950s and 60s, Lollobrigida starred in a series of successful
- [Isabella Rossellini: Stunning photos of the Italian star](https://www.historydefined.net/isabella-rossellini-photos/) - Born into cinematic royalty on June 18, 1952, in Rome, Isabella Rossellini has forged a path distinctly hers. Her career spans acting, modeling, writing, and philanthropy, each chapter marked by her distinctive style. Rossellini's career began with a brief stint as a television translator, but it wasn't long before the fashion world beckoned. By 1982, she was the
- [Ingrid Bergman in 25 stunning photographs](https://www.historydefined.net/ingrid-bergman-photos/) - Ingrid Bergman emerged as one of the most iconic actresses of the 20th century. Born in Sweden, her journey to stardom began in Europe before she transcended borders to become a Hollywood star. Her breakthrough role came in the 1942 classic "Casablanca," where she portrayed the iconic Ilsa Lund opposite Humphrey Bogart. The film's timeless
- [Gorgeous vintage photos of a young Lucille Ball](https://www.historydefined.net/lucille-ball-photos/) - Lucille Ball, an iconic figure in American television, transformed the landscape of entertainment with her incomparable wit and charisma. Best known for her groundbreaking role as Lucy Ricardo on "I Love Lucy," her comedic genius resonated with millions, cementing her legacy as a pioneer of early television. Ball was not just a gifted actress; she
- [Ann-Margret: Photos of the beauty icon in the 60s and 70s](https://www.historydefined.net/ann-margret-photos/) - Known for her vibrant performances and sultry voice, Ann-Margret first captivated audiences in the early 1960s, swiftly rising to stardom with notable roles in classics like "Bye Bye Birdie" and "Viva Las Vegas." Her on-screen chemistry with Elvis Presley in the latter remains a highlight of her film career. Beyond her cinematic exploits, Ann-Margret also
- [How Ludger Sylbaris Survived a Volcano From a Jail Cell](https://www.historydefined.net/ludger-sylbaris/) - Human beings are remarkably resilient in the face of adversity. People survive being trapped in freezing waters, climbing the peaks of the highest mountains, and traversing arid deserts. For every extreme environment or tragedy, there is a story of a person who survived against all odds. This holds true even for the eruption of Mount
- [Mysteriously Missing Men: The Story of the Yuba County 5](https://www.historydefined.net/yuba-county-5/) - At the heart of public interest in cold cases lies two drawing factors: the sickening behavior that depraved sociopaths are willing to go to, and the mystery that remains from unsolved cases. But when the bodies of the missing people are found with no explanation for what caused their deaths, and the few existing testimonies
- [Suzanne Somers: Glamorous photos of the 70s sex symbol](https://www.historydefined.net/suzanne-somers-photos/) - Suzanne Somers was widely recognized for her role as Chrissy Snow on the ABC sitcom "Three's Company," a character that endeared her to a generation of television viewers with her bubbly personality and comedic timing. Beyond her television career, Somers established herself as a successful author and entrepreneur, advocating for health and wellness. She penned
- [Phoebe Cates: Stunning photos of the 1980s sensation](https://www.historydefined.net/phoebe-cates-photos/) - Phoebe Cates, once a prominent figure in Hollywood, captivated audiences with her roles in 1980s classics like "Fast Times at Ridgemont High" and "Gremlins." Known for her iconic scene in "Fast Times," Cates became a film favorite, celebrated for her charisma and talent. Choosing family over fame, she stepped back from acting after marrying actor
- [Winona Ryder: Fabulous photos of the beloved star](https://www.historydefined.net/winona-ryder-photos/) - Winona Ryder rose to fame in the late 1980s with roles in Beetlejuice and Heathers. Known for her ability to delve deeply into complex characters, Ryder solidified her status in Hollywood with standout performances in Edward Scissorhands and Girl, Interrupted, the latter of which earned her an Academy Award nomination. Aside from her acting prowess,
- [Xin Zhui: The amazingly preserved 2,100 year old mummy](https://www.historydefined.net/xin-zhui/) - Beauty is said to be in the eye of the beholder, and while Xin Zhui was certainly a beautiful woman during her life, most wouldn’t consider her to be so 2,100 years later. But for a certain group of scientists and researchers, the mummy of Xin Zhui would be one of the more incredible, if
- [Young Dolly Parton: Gorgeous photos of the country music icon](https://www.historydefined.net/young-dolly-parton-photos/) - Dolly Parton is a towering figure in country music with a career spanning over six decades. Renowned for her distinctive voice and memorable songs such as "Jolene," "9 to 5," and "I Will Always Love You," Parton's contributions to music are immense. Beyond her musical achievements, she is also a noted philanthropist. Her Imagination Library
- [Ursula Andress: Stunning photos of the original Bond girl](https://www.historydefined.net/ursula-andress-photos/) - Ursula Andress, born on March 19, 1936, in Ostermundigen, Switzerland, emerged as a quintessential symbol of glamour and allure in the 1960s cinema. Best known for her breakthrough role as Honey Ryder in the 1962 James Bond film "Dr. No," Andress set the standard for the Bond girl phenomenon with her iconic beach scene entrance,
- [Albert Fish: A Dark Tale of Sadism and Madness](https://www.historydefined.net/albert-fish/) - Albert Fish is remembered as one of America's most notorious and depraved criminals. His life story is a chilling narrative of sadism, insanity, and heinous acts that shocked the nation during the early 20th century. Fish's legacy is a haunting reminder of the depths of human cruelty, and a warning that serial killers can be
- [Lauren Bacall: Stunning photos of the gorgeous Hollywood star](https://www.historydefined.net/lauren-bacall-photos/) - Lauren Bacall, born Betty Joan Perske on September 16, 1924, in New York City, emerged as one of Hollywood's most distinguished actresses during the golden age of cinema. Bacall's entrancing presence and sultry voice captivated audiences, especially in her film debut in "To Have and Have Not" (1944), where she delivered the iconic line, "You
- [Sigourney Weaver: Amazing photos of the Sci-fi icon](https://www.historydefined.net/sigourney-weaver-photos/) - Born in New York City in 1949, Sigourney Weaver has become a seminal figure in Hollywood, especially known for her groundbreaking role as Ellen Ripley in "Alien." This role not only catapulted her to fame but also reshaped the portrayal of women in action and sci-fi films. Beyond the Alien series, Weaver has shown remarkable
- [Betty Brosmer: Beautiful photos of the pin up star with the ‘Impossible Waist’](https://www.historydefined.net/betty-brosmer-photos/) - Betty Brosmer, often celebrated as the first supermodel, epitomized the glamour of the 1950s with her striking beauty and unique figure. Born on August 2, 1935, in Pasadena, California, Brosmer rose to fame through her numerous appearances in popular magazines. She graced the covers of over 300 publications, making her one of the most recognizable
- [Lynda Carter: Gorgeous photos of the original Wonder Woman](https://www.historydefined.net/lynda-carter-photos/) - Lynda Carter, an emblematic figure of 1970s television, remains best known for her portrayal of Wonder Woman, a role that not only defined her career but also left an indelible mark on popular culture. Born on July 24, 1951, in Phoenix, Arizona, Carter showcased her versatile talents early on, winning the Miss World USA title
- [John List: The man who killed his family and went on the run](https://www.historydefined.net/john-list/) - The name John List may not carry the same notoriety as some of the more infamous serial killers in history. But his story has intrigued and perplexed those with a fascination for the darker side of human nature. During the winter of 1971, the List family murders dominated the headlines in the state of New
- [Carrie Fisher: Stunning photos of a Hollywood princess](https://www.historydefined.net/carrie-fisher-photos/) - Carrie Fisher, born on October 21, 1956, in Beverly Hills, California, was an American actress, writer, and comedian best known for playing Princess Leia in the Star Wars franchise. The daughter of singer Eddie Fisher and actress Debbie Reynolds, she was introduced to the limelight at a very young age. Fisher's portrayal of Leia brought
- [Elizabeth Taylor: Dazzling photos of the classic Hollywood icon](https://www.historydefined.net/elizabeth-taylor-photos/) - Born in London in 1932 and moving to Los Angeles with her family in the late 1930s, Elizabeth Taylor was primed for stardom from an early age. She made her mark as a child actress in "National Velvet" (1944), a role that catapulted her to fame. Throughout her career, Taylor was known for her versatility
- [Beautiful photos of a young Cybill Shepherd](https://www.historydefined.net/cybill-shepherd-photos/) - Cybill Shepherd, born in 1950 in Memphis, Tennessee, first stepped into the spotlight through modeling, leveraging her early beauty contest wins into a successful career. However, her shift to acting marked her true breakthrough. Shepherd debuted in the acclaimed film "The Last Picture Show" (1971), capturing attention for her compelling performance. This role led to
- [Amado Carrillo Fuentes and the Notorious Juárez Drug Cartel](https://www.historydefined.net/juarez-cartel/) - When we think of drug cartels a few names might spring to mind. Pablo Escobar, once the leader of the powerful Medellín Cartel, gained notoriety as one of the wealthiest and most influential drug lords in history, and Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, the former leader of the Sinaloa Cartel. One name that you may not
- [Marilyn Monroe: Glamorous photos of the tragic American icon](https://www.historydefined.net/marilyn-monroe-photos/) - Marilyn Monroe, born Norma Jeane Mortenson on June 1, 1926, in Los Angeles, epitomizes Hollywood's blend of glamour and tragedy. Monroe's childhood was marked by instability, moving through numerous foster homes due to her mother's mental health struggles. This rough start did not deter her, as she ventured into modeling and quickly caught the attention
- [Anita Ekberg: Photos of one of the most stunning sex symbols of the 1950s](https://www.historydefined.net/anita-ekberg-photos/) - Born in Malmö, Sweden, on September 29, 1931, Anita Ekberg rose from her humble beginnings to become a symbol of beauty and style. Initially crowned Miss Sweden in 1950, Ekberg's striking beauty soon led her to Hollywood, but it was in Italy that she found her defining role. Her portrayal of Sylvia in Federico Fellini's
- [Farrah Fawcett: Photos of a golden icon of the 70s](https://www.historydefined.net/farrah-fawcett-photos/) - Farrah Fawcett, born on February 2, 1947, in Corpus Christi, Texas, was best known for her role as Jill Munroe in the groundbreaking television series "Charlie's Angels. Her cascading golden hair and dazzling smile defined an era and made her an everlasting icon in Hollywood and beyond. Before her ascent to stardom, Fawcett attended the
- [Stunning photos of a young Betty White](https://www.historydefined.net/young-betty-white/) - Born on January 17, 1922, in Oak Park, Illinois, Betty White's career spanned seven decades and was filled with memorable roles that showcased her versatility and charm. White was a pioneer from the start, creating, producing, and starring in "Life with Elizabeth" in the 1950s, making her one of the first women to exert control
- [Natalie Wood: Beautiful photos of the tragic Hollywood icon](https://www.historydefined.net/natalie-wood-photos/) - Natalie Wood, born on July 20, 1938, in San Francisco, was a shining star of Hollywood's golden age. Her acting career began when she was just four years old, and she quickly became famous with her role in "Miracle on 34th Street" (1947). As she grew up, Wood transitioned seamlessly from a child actress to
- [Brigitte Bardot: Stunning photos of a timeless French beauty](https://www.historydefined.net/brigitte-bardot-photos/) - Brigitte Bardot, born on September 28, 1934, in Paris, France, rose from ballet beginnings to become one of the most recognizable faces of the 20th century. Her entrée into the arts began with dance, studying at the prestigious Conservatoire de Paris, but it was a film that catapulted her to international stardom. Bardot's breakout role
- [Elke Sommer:  Gorgeous photos of one of the 60s most iconic sex symbols](https://www.historydefined.net/elke-sommer-photos/) - Born on November 5, 1940, in Berlin, Germany, Elke Sommer, whose real name is Elke Schletz, carved a niche for herself in the glittering world of Hollywood during the 1960s and 1970s. Sommer's career began in the late 1950s after her family relocated to England. It was there that she was spotted by an Italian
- [Rita Hayworth: Dazzling photos of the pin up icon](https://www.historydefined.net/rita-hayworth-photos/) - Rita Hayworth, born Margarita Carmen Cansino on October 17, 1918, in Brooklyn, New York, ascended to become one of Hollywood's most captivating stars of the 1940s. Starting her career as a dancer, Hayworth was signed by Fox Film Corporation at a young age, but she truly blossomed under Columbia Pictures. The studio makeover transformed her into the
- [Grace Kelly: Stunning photos of a royal icon](https://www.historydefined.net/grace-kelly-photos/) - Born on November 12, 1929, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Grace Kelly ascended from her American roots to become a Princess of Monaco, her story resembling a real-life fairy tale. Kelly's journey into the limelight began in the world of acting, where she quickly established herself as a leading lady in Hollywood. Her notable performances in films such as "Mogambo" (1953),
- [Audrey Hepburn: Stunning photos of one of Hollywood's timeless beauties](https://www.historydefined.net/audrey-hepburn-photos/) - Born on May 4, 1929, in Brussels, Belgium, Audrey Hepburn would ascend to become a celebrated actress and a dedicated humanitarian. Her career, punctuated by iconic roles and distinctive style, made her a global symbol of grace. Audrey's cinematic journey was marked by her breakout role in "Roman Holiday" (1953), for which she won an Academy Award for
- [Jane Fonda: Incredible photos of the sex symbol turned activist](https://www.historydefined.net/jane-fonda-photos/) - Jane Fonda was born on December 21, 1937, in New York City. Her name became synonymous with both Hollywood fame and social activism. Her career, spanning over six decades, is distinguished not only by her acclaimed performances and fitness entrepreneurship but also by her controversial political engagements. Fonda's entry into acting was almost predestined with a lineage rooted deeply in Hollywood; she is the daughter
- [James Dean: Spectacular photos of a screen legend](https://www.historydefined.net/james-dean-photos/) - In the constellation of Hollywood's golden era, few stars have burned as brightly and faded as quickly as James Dean. Born on February 8, 1931, in Marion, Indiana, Dean's rise to cinematic fame was as meteoric as his tragic demise, which came just 24 years later. Raised primarily in Fairmount, Indiana, after the death of
- [The Grit and Glamour of 1970s New York City](https://www.historydefined.net/the-grit-and-glamour-of-1970s-new-york-city/) - In the 1970s, New York City was a study in contrasts. Marked by soaring crime rates and a fiscal crisis that pushed the city to the brink of bankruptcy, it was also an era of vibrant cultural resurgence. The streets of Manhattan were lined with the grit and glamour that defined a decade of significant
- [Goldie Hawn: Spectacular photos of the Hollywood icon](https://www.historydefined.net/goldie-hawn/) - Goldie Jeanne Hawn has captivated audiences with her radiant personality and versatile acting skills for decades. Born on November 21, 1945, in Washington, D.C., Goldie Hawn began her career as a dancer but soon turned her sights to the world of acting. Hawn's journey to stardom began in the late 1960s when she joined the
- [35 wild behind the scenes photos of iconic movies](https://www.historydefined.net/wild-behind-the-scenes-photos-of-iconic-movies/) - Discover the unseen side of filmmaking with these 35 wild behind-the-scenes photos from some of the most famous movies ever made. Each picture offers a glimpse into the off-camera action, showcasing how directors, actors, and crew members work together to bring cinematic visions to life. From hidden setups to candid moments, these images reveal the
- [25 powerful photos that capture the dark side of US history](https://www.historydefined.net/dark-side-of-us-history/) - Over America's long history, some tales inevitably become more prominent, while others fade into the background, overlooked or deliberately ignored, despite their significance. This selective memory can often leave darker chapters of history hidden from view. These moments, though uncomfortable, are crucial for understanding our past.
- [33 photos of historical figures when they were young](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-of-historical-figures-when-they-were-young/) - History buffs and photography enthusiasts will enjoy these rare vintage photos of historical figures. Many are often portrayed as stoic, severe adults, but these photos show them as young people full of life and potential. From Abraham Lincoln to Amelia Earhart, these pictures offer a unique glimpse into the lives of some of the most
- [What Events Led Up to the Phenomenon of The Red Scare?](https://www.historydefined.net/red-scare/) - The Red Scare of 1919-1920 is one of the most interesting periods of modern American history. It came about in the aftermath of World War One. The Red Scare, which later became the First Red Scare after similar worries about communists broke out following World War Two, was characterized by extreme government overreach into American
- [The most beautiful Hollywood Icons of the 1960s](https://www.historydefined.net/beautiful-icons-1960s/) - During the 1960s, Hollywood shone brightly with stars whose beauty and charisma transcended the silver screen. This golden era was marked by icons who were not just visually stunning but also defined the decade with their talent, style, and groundbreaking roles. Join us as we revisit the allure and glamour of the most beautiful Hollywood
- [We love our furry friends: Historical photos of people and their pets](https://www.historydefined.net/historical-photos-of-animals/) - In history, one constant has been the bond between humans and their pets. From ancient times to today, people have cherished their animal companions. These photos offer a glimpse into that enduring connection. Join us as we explore snapshots from the past, revealing the timeless love shared between people and their furry friends.
- [The Manson Family's Most Violent Member: Susan Atkins](https://www.historydefined.net/susan-atkins/) - The counterculture movement dominated the 1960s in America. Young people sought new forms of expression that highlighted their individualism and spirituality while emphasizing anti-establishment attitudes and advocating for equality. This led to many young people experimenting with drugs and new ideologies, and sometimes this led them to dark places. Susan Atkins, a follower of the
- [Who was the Infamous Cocaine Dealer, Freeway Ricky Ross?](https://www.historydefined.net/freeway-ricky-ross/) - American drug history is full of larger-than-life figures. They range from petty criminals to infamous gangs, and high-profile drug lords like the one we’re going to discuss today–Freeway Ricky Ross. When the cards were stacked against Ricky, making it almost impossible for him to lead a lucrative, legal life, he instead rose to prominence by
- [Temple of the First Woman Pharaoh, Hatshepsut](https://www.historydefined.net/hatshepsut/) - Hatshepsut ruled Egypt for thirty-five years in the fifteenth century BC. First, as the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Thutmose II and then as Pharaoh in her own right. The Temple of Hatshepsut is a mortuary temple built during her reign. Constructed roughly a millennium after the Great Pyramid of Giza and over four hundred
- [Who Was Teflon Don? America’s Real-Life “Godfather”](https://www.historydefined.net/teflon-don/) - His favorite movie was “The Godfather,” and according to his daughter, he tried to envision himself as the modern-day Michael Corleone. He tried to run his business and family the same way. Except this wasn’t fiction; it was real life. Just like Corleone was the most infamous crime boss in the movies, John Gotti ran
- [Diogo Alves: Portugal’s First Serial Killer](https://www.historydefined.net/diogo-alves/) - In the realm of historical serial killers, there is one name that everyone knows no matter how old you are or what your background is: Jack the Ripper. His famous Whitechapel murders were so gruesome that they have inspired countless books and movies. To this day, it’s hard to find someone who has never heard
- [Saint Augustine and His Treatise On Grace and Free Will](https://www.historydefined.net/saint-augustine/) - Saint Augustine is credited by many to be the greatest thinker of Christian antiquity. Today, he is credited with synthesizing the religious principles of the Bible and prevailing Greek philosophy. He then presented it in a manner comprehensible to both medieval Roman Catholics and Renaissance Protestants. Ironically, however, in his time, Saint Augustine was considered
- [Henry Hill: Real Life Goodfella of the Lucchese Family](https://www.historydefined.net/henry-hill/) - Henry Hill is a name synonymous with the world of organized crime. He rose to infamy as a key player in the notorious Lucchese crime family. His life and criminal exploits later inspired one of the greatest crime movies of all time. From his early days as an errand boy for the mob to his
- [Gustavo Gaviria: Pablo Escobar's Right-Hand Man](https://www.historydefined.net/gustavo-gaviria/) - Everyone knows the name Pablo Escobar. Most have a passing idea of what exactly made the so-called King of Cocaine so infamous. The founder and head of the Medellín Cartel was in a position of great power. However, with such a position, trusted individuals were hard to find. Escobar needed someone on his side that
- [Eva Braun: Hitler’s Photographer and Wife of One Day](https://www.historydefined.net/eva-braun/) - Little was known about Eva Braun when she was alive except that she was a photographer who followed the infamous German dictator, Adolf Hitler, around. But behind closed doors, they were in a relationship. The Nazi leader did a great job of hiding his relationship with Braun. To the public, Hitler projected a celibate and
- [The Tragic Life of Famous Punk-Girlfriend, Nancy Spungen](https://www.historydefined.net/nancy-spungen/) - Sex, drugs, and rock n’ roll: this phrase originated from LIFE magazine in 1969. It was used to describe the counterculture movement of the 1960s and 1970s. It was a description which has become a badge of pride for punk movements ever since. Since the 1960s, and in some cases even earlier, the lives of
- [Doug Hegdahl: How One Man Tricked the Enemy and Freed Over 500 POW’s](https://www.historydefined.net/doug-hegdahl/) - When we hear tales of POWs from the Vietnam War era, they are often marked by gruesome torture, back-breaking labor, and unimaginable hardship. However, for one POW named Doug Hegdahl, his time in a North Vietnamese prison camp was much easier. His ability to fake ignorance about military information, coupled with a remarkable memory, not
- [Did Joseph Smith Found His Church on Drug-Induced Visions?](https://www.historydefined.net/mormonism-joseph-smith/) - The universal relationship between religion and the use of mind-altering drugs is, of course, well documented in oral history. There is also plenty of physical evidence. According to J. M. Allegro, author of The Scared Mushroom and the Cross, the Judeo-Christian belief system was heavily influenced by altered states of consciousness. This was produced through
- [Mimir: The Wise Norse God More Ancient than Odin Himself](https://www.historydefined.net/mimir/) - Mimir is an obscure figure from Norse mythology, more ancient than Odin himself. His name in Old Norse meant The Rememberer. Mimir guarded the Well of Wisdom that lay between the roots of the World Tree, which made up the center of their universe. Yggdrasil, also called the World Tree, is an ancient ash tree
- [Holocaust Survivor, Eric Schwam and His 2 Million Euro Gift](https://www.historydefined.net/eric-schwam/) - Karma holds that if you do something good for someone, something good will also happen to you. This seemed to hold true for the people in the town of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon. In 2020, Austrian man Eric Schwam left over 2 million Euros to the town in his will. It was a thank you to the
- [History of Rosh HaShanah: The Jewish New Year Festival](https://www.historydefined.net/rosh-hashanah/) - The New Year celebrated in most parts of the world is January 1 of the Gregorian Calendar. While it doesn’t explicitly say that it’s the Christian New Year, the Gregorian Calendar was instituted by Pope Gregory XIII through a papal bull or edict in 1582. However, different cultures and religions have different New Years: Chinese
- [Mr. Cruel: The Australian Serial Kidnapper Still at Large](https://www.historydefined.net/mr-cruel/) - True crime is popular for two major reasons. People love the mystery of unsolved cases and the depths of human depravity. They also love the conclusion of knowing some criminals get caught for their crimes. Unfortunately, the latter is much less common than the former, even with the most heinous of crimes. One such case
- [Doggerland: The Long Lost Land of Ancient Europe](https://www.historydefined.net/doggerland/) - Nine thousand years ago, the British Isles were connected to each other and to the mainland by vast stretches of low-lying lands. These lands were collectively referred to as Doggerland. At its height, this vast area made up a quarter of European land. It provided rich hunting grounds for countless generations of hominids, including prehistoric
- [How John Gotti Took Control of the Gambino Crime Family](https://www.historydefined.net/john-gotti/) - Teflon, the non-stick coating commonly found in cookware, is famous for its slippery properties and ability to withstand high heat. Put the word “Teflon” in front of a name, and it evokes the image of someone elusive, immune to arrest, and impervious to criminal charges. These characteristics perfectly describe John Gotti, the man famously known
- [Sarah Breedlove Walker: The First Self-made Female Millionaire in America](https://www.historydefined.net/sarah-breedlove-walker/) - In 1905, 37-year-old Sarah Breedlove, the first free-born child from a family of Civil War era slaves, moved to Denver, Colorado. She had just $1.05 in her pocket and was intent on starting a business selling hair-care products that she created, primarily for Black women. Breedlove sold her products door-to-door. She would teach other Black
- [Kingdom of Shambhala: The Mystical City and Way of Life](https://www.historydefined.net/shambhala/) - Shambhala is a mythical place in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology. Europeans sought for years to find this much-talked-about location, but it does not exist on the physical plane. Speaking of Shambhala in 1985, the 14th Dalai Lama said: Although those with special affiliation may actually be able to go there through their karmic connection,
- [The Rise and Decline of Religious Group, the Shakers](https://www.historydefined.net/the-shakers/) - They were first formed as the United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearance. However, because of their unique way of dancing to show worship, along with their actions when they prayed, they simply became known over time as “The Shakers.” They were also known for singing in tongues, whirling, and shouting during services. The
- [50 rare photos of daily life in the 19th century](https://www.historydefined.net/30-photos-19th-century/) - The 19th century stands out as a period of profound transformation and contrast. This era witnessed the upheaval of revolutions, the bloom of the Industrial Revolution, and the quiet moments of daily life unfolding against a backdrop of changing landscapes. It was a century that bridged the gap between the old world and the modern
- [Charybdis: Ancient Sea Monster and Daughter of Poseidon](https://www.historydefined.net/charybdis/) - Charybdis is a sea monster born of the Greek gods Poseidon and Gaia - the sea and the earth. According to some accounts, Charybdis controlled the tides. In her endless thirst, she gulped great quantities of seawater and spit it out again, causing low and high tides each day. The name Charybdis comes from the
- [The Sinaloa Cartel's Right-Hand Man: Ismael “El Mayo” Zambada](https://www.historydefined.net/el-mayo/) - In March 2009, Mexico released the List of Mexico’s 37 Most Wanted Drug Lords. In the years since, 36 of the drug lords on this list have been tracked down and arrested–an incredible undertaking considering just how dangerous these men and their cartels are. Yet someone, the 37th man, Ismael “El Mayo” Zambada remains free.
- [The Life and Crimes of Notorious Mobster, Johnny Torrio](https://www.historydefined.net/johnny-torrio/) - It seems like most famous American mobsters end their careers either with arrest or by going down in a hail of bullets…but not all of them. Johnny Torrio, an Italian-American gangster who rose to power in the 1920s, would survive both arrests and multiple gunshot wounds to retire. All while keeping his reputation as one
- [The Mystery of the Great Serpent Mound of Ohio](https://www.historydefined.net/great-serpent-mound/) - The Great Serpent Mound is an ancient earthworks site located in present-day Ohio. This effigy mound is over a quarter of a mile long, up to twenty-five feet wide, and five feet tall. It’s the largest serpent effigy ever discovered. Effigy mounds were common in the Mississippi Valley. Other surviving examples have been found in
- [Charla Nash and Travis Herold: Surviving a Chimpanzee Attack](https://www.historydefined.net/charla-nash/) - Two-thirds of American households own a pet, most commonly dogs, cats, and fish. A small percentage of pet owners, though, have more exotic tastes and take in less common animals, such as tigers or peacocks. One such family was Sandra and Jerome Herold, who in 2001 adopted a chimpanzee from a Missouri compound. They named
- [Dr. Harold Shipman: The Story of the Real Dr. Death](https://www.historydefined.net/dr-harold-shipman/) - Doctor Harold Shipman was a British general practitioner and one of the most prolific serial killers in recorded history. Known as “Dr. Death”, he was convicted of murdering 15 of his own patients but it is suspected that he is responsible for over 200 other deaths. Unlike most serial killers, Dr. Shipman didn’t kill his
- [The Life and Death of American Superstar Elvis Presley](https://www.historydefined.net/elvis-presley/) - On August 16, 1977, and the days and weeks that followed, the whole world mourned the death of Elvis Presley, the King of Rock and Roll. He had such an impact on the music world. When people hear the name Elvis, they don’t need a last name for recognition. Even his clothing and hair were
- [Alphabet Murders: The Cold Cases that Shocked Rochester](https://www.historydefined.net/alphabet-murders/) - Between 1971 and 1973, a spree of murders haunted the town of Rochester, New York. All three victims were girls aged 10-11. All three girls had been raped prior to being strangled and then dumped near a freeway. The peculiar thing about this case was the fact that all three victims’ first and last names
- [Richard Speck: The mass murderer who killed eight nurses](https://www.historydefined.net/richard-speck/) - In 1941, Speck was born in Kirkwood, Illinois to Benjamin Speck and Mary Carbaugh, religious teetotalers. A teetotaler is someone who is completely abstinent from alcohol and refuses to drink, usually on religious grounds. This alcohol-free, disciplined environment is what Speck grew up with for the first six years of his life before his father
- [How Killing Sparrows Led to Famine in China](https://www.historydefined.net/how-killing-sparrows-led-to-one-of-the-greatest-famines-in-history/) - Learn about the devastating consequences that followed when the Mao's Chinese government ordered the mass killing of sparrows.
- [Juliane Koepcke: A Plane Crash and 11 Days in the Jungle](https://www.historydefined.net/the-amazing-survival-of-juliane-koepcke/) - Read about how 17-year old Juliane Koepcke survived an airplane crash in the Amazon and lived to tell her incredible story.
- [The Story of the Hillside Stranglers, the Serial Killer Duo](https://www.historydefined.net/hillside-stranglers/) - In the 1970s and 1980s, Los Angeles was home to over 20 serial killers operating within just miles of each other. This left the city gripped in fear as the nicknames that the media sensationalized became recognized by everyone. One of the most famous nicknames was “The Hillside Strangler,” known for strangling his victims and
- [The Surprising Examples of Easter’s Pagan Roots](https://www.historydefined.net/easter/) - Easter is primarily known as a Christian celebration that honors the resurrection of Jesus Christ. However, not every Easter tradition is strictly Christian. For example, children enjoy the Easter bunny while hunting for colored eggs. How exactly did the eggs become part of the tradition? It has a lot to do with the pagan roots of
- [GG Allin: The Unhinged Outlaw of Punk Rock](https://www.historydefined.net/gg-allin/) - Punk rock has always been a culture defined by rebellion, anarchy, and defiance. At worst, it can be described as chaotic and messy. At best, it can be described as individualistic and anti-authoritarian. GG Allin, an infamous punk rocker, spent his career leaning more toward the chaotic and messy interpretation. He pushed the boundaries of
- [History and Customs of the Jewish Holiday, Yom Kippur](https://www.historydefined.net/yom-kippur/) - Yom Kippur is the holiest day of the year for people of the Jewish faith. Beginning in the evening, ten days after the start of the Jewish New Year, called Rosh Hashanah, the holiday is supposed to be a day of prayer, fasting, forgiveness, and humility for all Jews worldwide. But what exactly is Yom
- [Keelhauling: Taking Punishment to the Extreme](https://www.historydefined.net/keelhauling/) - It’s not a term that many people today are very familiar with because no one has been exposed to it. But, hundreds and even thousands of years ago, it was, unfortunately, one of the most barbaric and sadistic methods of torture ever imaginable. Keelhauling is a word that in the 1800s would make you shudder
- [Who Was Otto Frank, the Sole Survivor of the Frank Family?](https://www.historydefined.net/otto-frank/) - Anne Frank was one of the most famous diarists in history. She was a Jewish teenager who went into hiding with her family during World War II. Anne kept a diary that detailed her life during the two years they lived in an attic in Nazi-occupied Amsterdam. Her diary has become one of the most
- [George Stinney Jr: Youngest Person to be Executed in the USA](https://www.historydefined.net/george-stinney-jr/) - To be 14 years old means to be young and carefree–or in the case of George Stinney Jr., it meant to be the youngest person in the United States to ever be executed. Making his haunting case even more tragic is the fact that, in the end, George’s conviction was vacated 70 years later. A
- [“Oh, the humanity!” The Disaster of the Hindenburg](https://www.historydefined.net/hindenburg/) - The phrase has been used hundreds, if not thousands, of times since it was first uttered in horror by Herbert Morrison. This quote has become so ubiquitous with scenes of horrible tragedy and the like that the true origin of it has faded from the mind of the public. But anyone who knows the Hindenburg
- [The Controversial Life of Outspoken Folk Icon, Woody Guthrie](https://www.historydefined.net/woody-guthrie/) - In the realm of American folk music, no name is more significant than Woody Guthrie. He embodies the American spirit and epitomizes the struggle of the common man in the most trying of times. Songs like, “This Land Is Your Land,” “Don't Kill My Baby & My Son,” and “I'm Blowing Down That Old Dusty
- [What was life like in Ancient, Pre-Roman Gaul?](https://www.historydefined.net/pre-roman-gaul/) - Gaul was a region in Europe inhabited by a number of tribes. It was eventually absorbed into the Roman Empire. This region in the present day contains the countries of France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Northern Italy, and parts of the Netherlands, Germany, and Switzerland. Little is known of life in pre-Roman Gaul, because there are virtually
- [The Giant Penguin: How one man created this iconic hoax](https://www.historydefined.net/giant-penguin/) - There are many cryptids and mythical creatures in the world, folkloric creatures that many claim to have seen but that they are unable to prove exist: mermaids, Bigfoot, the Jersey Devil, and the Yeti to name a few. People who believe in these creatures have taken pictures, recorded videos, and offered up personal accounts, but
- [How the FBI Convicted a Minor: “White Boy Rick”](https://www.historydefined.net/white-boy-rick/) - He served the longest sentence of any minor convicted in Michigan history. His story continues to mesmerize people today, so much so that a movie was made about his past, with Matthew McConaughey starring in it. In 1984, at just 14 years old, Rick Wershe Jr. was assisting the FBI as a drug informant. He
- [The Execution of 15-year-old Resistance Fighter, Lepa Radić](https://www.historydefined.net/lepa-radic/) - It’s hard to imagine someone risking their lives at age 15 for their country. At 15, most are just freshmen or sophomores in high school, preparing to get their driver's license, and just starting to consider what they might want to go to college for. For Lepa Radić, things were different. Lepa Radić was born
- [Chevalier de Saint-Georges: The Forgotten Black Mozart](https://www.historydefined.net/chevalier-de-saint-georges/) - Chevalier de Saint-Georges was a jack of all trades. He was an accomplished swordsman, a military colonel, and a musical virtuoso, conductor, and composer. He was often referred to as the Black Mozart, which should tell you why his name is not as renowned as other musical geniuses. Being Black or mulatto hindered Chevalier de
- [The Yowie: Elusive 'Bigfoot' of the Australian Outback](https://www.historydefined.net/yowie/) - He goes by many names–Bigfoot, Yeti, Sasquatch. But in Australia, the huge, ape-like cryptid is known as the Yowie. Apeman legends can be found all across the planet, and Australia is no exception. Considering the size of the continent, and all of its unsettled land, the idea of something like a Yowie existing isn’t all
- [Do Not Collect $800,000: Maria Moore Murders for Life Insurance ](https://www.historydefined.net/maria-moore/) - How much money is a human life worth? For Maria Moore, the answer is $800,000. In 2018, Moore betrayed someone she cared about in order to cash in on his life insurance policy and make herself wealthy. It is a tragedy that Dominic Sarkar died for such a selfish reason. However, Moore and her partner-for-hire
- [The Exploitation of “Aunt Jemima”: The Nancy Green Story](https://www.historydefined.net/aunt-jemima/) - At the age of 59, Nancy Hayes-Green made her debut as “Aunt Jemima” at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago, Illinois. She became the first Black corporate model in American history hired to promote a nationally distributed product. In character, “Aunt Jemima” stood beside what was touted as the “world's largest flour barrel”
- [The Tumultuous Life of Model Margaux Hemingway](https://www.historydefined.net/the-tumultuous-life-of-model-margaux-hemingway/) - When Margaux Hemingway was born, she was born into greatness. It all had to do with her famous last name. A darling daughter to the Hemingway name, Margaux was always destined to live her life somewhat in the spotlight. Before her tragic end, she carved out a place for herself in the world totally different
- [Israel Kamakawiwo’ole: A Voice Larger Than Life](https://www.historydefined.net/israel-kamakawiwoole/) - You may not have heard of his name or even be able to pronounce it in one try, but you’ve surely heard his voice. Israel Kamakawiwo’ole (Kah-MAH-kah-VEE-voh-OH-lay) was the voice behind the popular medley of “Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World.”Israel was large. He struggled with obesity all his life like several of his
- [Ley Lines: A Source of Mysticism or Truth?](https://www.historydefined.net/ley-lines/) - Some might call ley lines pseudoscience, but the idea of these ancient pathways has persisted. Connecting ancient sites, monuments, and structures, ley lines might be invisible to the naked eye. But they connect some of the most important places like vessels across the body of the world. Investigated by scholars and esoteric groups alike, the
- [Why Is the King James Bible the Most Popular Version? ](https://www.historydefined.net/why-is-the-king-james-bible-the-most-popular-version/) - Do you know what version of the Bible you have at home? Because there are loads of them! The Bible is the best-selling book of all time, with at least five billion copies sold since 1500. Even the Guinness Book of World Records cannot ascertain how many Bibles have been sold since it was standardized
- [The Failure and Legacy of the Bloody Taiping Rebellion](https://www.historydefined.net/taiping-rebellion/) - While the American Civil War brewed, boiled over, and was resolved, another rebellion was taking place halfway across the world that was far more deadly. As China opened its borders to the rest of the world, the Chinese government lost the faith of its people. Political, social, and economic turbulence arose and sent the country
- [Andrei Chikatilo: Russia's Most Prolific Serial Killer](https://www.historydefined.net/andrei-chikatilo/) - Andrei Chikatilo, infamously known as the “Butcher of Rostov” and "The Red Ripper”, was a serial killer who terrorized the Soviet Union during the 1970s and 1980s. His gruesome spree of rape and murders targeted primarily young children, adolescents, and women. In this article, we will examine the disturbing yet fascinating life of Andrei Chikatilo
- [The Life of Native-Guide, Squanto of the Patuxet Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/squanto/) - Like many things involving the settling of the Americas and early European contact with Native Americans, the mythology of a Native guide named Squanto has been twisted and convoluted over time. Squanto and the part he played in the history of the Thanksgiving holiday is more complicated than you might imagine. For instance, did you
- [Machine Gun Kelly and His Lucrative Kidnapping Business](https://www.historydefined.net/machine-gun-kelly/) - For a brief period of time in American history, kidnapping for ransom was an epidemic that terrified families all across the country. It started with the tragic, high-profile kidnapping and death of the Lindbergh baby. This “snatch-racket” had wealthy families purchasing kidnapping insurance and sending their children away to school in order to protect them.
- [Aron Ralston's 127 Hours of Agony Trapped Under a Rock](https://www.historydefined.net/aron-ralston/) - It was six of the most excruciating six days one can ever have. While navigating himself deep through Utah’s Bluejohn Canyon, Aron Ralston heard a noise coming from above. Before he could even think, a dislodged boulder that weighed approximately half a ton came crashing down. When the boulder had settled, it was nestled and
- [A Philanthropist Lost: Abigail Folger’s Tragic Death](https://www.historydefined.net/abigail-folger/) - In the summer of 1969, the magical glamour of Hollywood was interrupted by a series of some of the most famous murders of the 20th century. The victims included actress Sharon Tate and four others, among them the heir to a coffee fortune Abigail Folger. The Tate-LaBianca murders, orchestrated by Charles Manson and his followers.
- [Why Did Governor of Judea, Pontius Pilate, Execute Jesus?](https://www.historydefined.net/pontius-pilate/) - Pontius Pilate, the governor of Judea who sentenced Jesus to crucifixion, believed that he was innocent. But if this was the case, why did he have a hand in the executive of Jesus of Nazareth? It is ironic, considering he publicly declared that he was washing his hands off the decision to sentence to death
- [The Great Sphinx of Giza Through the Centuries](https://www.historydefined.net/sphinx/) - The Sphinx is a mythical creature with a human head and the body of a lion. In Greek mythology, the Sphinx also had the wings of an eagle. The word ‘Sphinx’ comes to English from the Greek. Some scholars believe that this name comes from the Greek word for ‘squeeze’ - a reference to how
- [Dean O’Banion and the Gangs of Prohibition-Era Chicago](https://www.historydefined.net/dean-obanion/) - Chicago in the 1920s was the hotspot for illegal activities. Crime, gambling, violence, prostitution, racketeering, gang activities, and drugs were all a big part of the city. But perhaps the biggest activity was bootlegging, which rose as a result of prohibition. Among the most active participants were the likes of Al Capone, Johnny Torrio, and
- [The Woman in the Water Tank: The Disappearance of Elisa Lam](https://www.historydefined.net/elisa-lam/) - Elisa Lam’s death in 2013 captivated the world due to the mysterious circumstances of her disappearance and her erratic behavior before she died. Although thorough investigations have been completed surrounding her death, rumors persist about what could have happened to her. People’s insistence that there is more to the story has cemented a legacy for
- [Andre the Giant and His Larger-Than-Life Drinking Habits](https://www.historydefined.net/andre-the-giant/) - In a world of towering legends and larger-than-life characters, there was one colossal figure who stood tall, both literally and figuratively: Andre the Giant. Andrew was a wrestling icon and famed actor. He was a living spectacle of epic proportions. Both his immense size and his in-ring abilities left audiences awestruck. However, among his peers
- [Vladimir Demikhov and the Two-Headed Dog Experiment](https://www.historydefined.net/vladimir-demikhovs/) - Vladimir Demikhov was a Soviet scientist who performed pioneering work in transplantation and conducted controversial experiments on dogs in the 1950s.
- [Ed Gein and his Twisted Collection of Body Parts](https://www.historydefined.net/ed-gein/) - Every society in the world has taboo practices, things that immediately cast you as a social outcast or criminal deviant if you do them. In the United States, this includes myriad sexual acts that deviate from the norm of heterosexuality. While homosexuality has become more widely accepted in recent years, there are still numerous behaviors
- [The Revolutionary Life of Guerilla Fighter Che Guevara](https://www.historydefined.net/che-guevara/) - Che Guevara is one of the most notable Latin American leaders in history. He was a revolutionary who inspired many and fought against injustices until the end of his life. Let’s take a deep dive into the life of Che Guevara and what he stood for. Early Life Ernest “Che” Guevara was born on June
- [The Many Roles and Powers of the Egyptian God, Thoth](https://www.historydefined.net/thoth/) - Thoth is the Greek name for the ancient Egyptian god Djehuty. Most often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis, he was also sometimes shown as a baboon. The ibis-headed man was often shown with the moon on his head in the form of the lunar disc resting atop a crescent moon.
- [The Chicago Tylenol-Cyanide Murders of 1982](https://www.historydefined.net/chicago-tylenol-murders/) - Have you ever wondered why opening something as innocuous as Tylenol is so difficult? Or why all over-the-counter medication bottles seem to have that annoying seal? You may have heard these precautions called child-proof lids–but there’s also a much darker history behind them. In 1982, between September 29 and 30, seven people died sudden, shocking
- [The Recently Discovered Underground City of Derinkuyu](https://www.historydefined.net/derinkuyu/) - It’s one of the strangest and most startling discoveries ever made. A man wanting to make some changes to his basement took a sledgehammer to a wall and couldn’t believe what was behind it. Just like Andy Dufresne found a sewer that extended five football fields outside of Shawshank prison after digging his way through
- [Paws of War: The Remarkable Saga of Unsinkable Sam](https://www.historydefined.net/unsinkable-sam/) - Of all the tales of epic battles and heroism of World War II, there's one that stands out as not only remarkable but undeniably cute – the story of Unsinkable Sam. Originally named “Oscar”, he got the nickname “Unsinkable Sam” after his harrowing adventures during the war. No, Sam was not a Marine or a
- [Katherine Knight: One of Australia's most disturbed criminals](https://www.historydefined.net/katherine-knight/) - True crime stories have become a popular topic in the public eye due to the violent nature of their subjects and the heinous acts they commit. Perhaps due to the nature of the extreme violence these subjects usually commit, people are morbidly intrigued with understanding how people can commit such horrid acts. Katherine Knight is
- [Robert Fisher: One of the FBI's Most Wanted Murderers](https://www.historydefined.net/robert-fisher/) - Imagine a man accused of one of the most heinous crimes possible–the murder of his wife and two children. A monster like this must be brought to justice, but what happens if that’s not possible? How can a man simply disappear, never to be found, after causing his own home to explode? Where is Robert
- [Richard Ramirez: The Night Stalker’s Reign of Terror](https://www.historydefined.net/richard-ramirez/) - In the mid-1980s, the city of Los Angeles was gripped by fear as a shadowy figure prowled the streets, leaving a trail of brutality and horror in his wake. This sinister presence was none other than Richard Ramirez, infamously known as the Night Stalker. The saga of Ramirez's crimes remains etched in the dark annals
- [Hitmen for Hire: The Rise and Fall of Murder Inc.](https://www.historydefined.net/murder-inc/) - They were ruthless, cold-hearted, merciless, and deadly. Established in 1929, Murder Inc. was a group organized by the National Crime Syndicate that threatened, injured, and killed anyone who didn’t comply with the Syndicate’s demands or crossed paths with the Mafia. Established by Louis “Lepke” Buchalter, Murder Inc. is believed to have been responsible for up
- [How was the Floating City of Venice Constructed?](https://www.historydefined.net/venice-constructed/) - Rising up out of the water like someplace from a fairy tale, Venice is a city of extremes. A romantic destination of bridges and canals… and a moldering cesspool of crumbling buildings tilting slowly towards the mud that has supported them for a thousand years or more. It begs the question: why was this astonishing
- [The Woman Who Walked the Line: Vivian Cash’s Life Story](https://www.historydefined.net/vivian-cash/) - Vivian Liberto, also known as Vivian Cash, is most well known for being the wife of famous country star Johnny Cash. The two’s relationship had a deeply romantic start before it spiraled due to Cash’s changing lifestyle with his fame. Despite a divorce, Vivian remained connected to Cash. She experienced some of the darkest moments
- [What Happened to the Kamikaze Pilots Who Returned? ](https://www.historydefined.net/kamikaze-pilots/) - Desperate times called for desperate measures for Japan at the end of 1944. The Americans were sweeping through the Pacific, winning battle after battle. They were destroying Japanese warships in the process. Japan’s air commanders proposed that the pilots turn their planes into bombs. The objective was to crash into American warships and aircraft carriers
- [First Public Enemy #1: John Dillinger and the FBI](https://www.historydefined.net/john-dillinger/) - John Dillinger was born in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1903, the younger of two children. His father was a strict man and kept a short leash on his children, beating them as punishment for any bad behavior they had. This was unfortunate for Dillinger, as his mother died when he was only four. His sister took
- [Marianne Bachmeier: The Mother Who Murdered a Murderer](https://www.historydefined.net/marianne-bachmeier/) - It was around 10 am when Marianne Bachmeier entered the courtroom of the Lübeck District Court, Room 157. She wore a long, heavy coat and her head was held high. At the front of the room, the man who was accused of murdering her daughter sat, his back turned to her. He was unaware that
- [Legendary Figure of the Wild West: Wild Bill Hickok](https://www.historydefined.net/wild-bill-hickok/) - In the dusty, rugged history of the Wild West on the American frontier, there are dozens of larger-than-life names that have legends attached to them. A lot of these infamous figures were outlaws, but not all of them. One, Wild Bill Hickok, was a lawman and no less deadly for it. Known for daring gunfights,
- [Thomas Crapper: Was the Term “Crap” Named After Him?](https://www.historydefined.net/thomas-crapper/) - Did you ever wonder where the word “crap” came from? It’s hard to determine the real etymology of the word, but some believe it came from a man named Thomas Crapper. Being named after crap isn’t very flattering but if the speculations are true, there are very good and interesting reasons why Thomas Crapper became
- [Green River Killer: Gary Ridgway's Devastating Crime Spree](https://www.historydefined.net/gary-ridgway/) - Serial killers have always shocked and fascinated people. Over recent decades, we have made huge strides in understanding the motives and psyche of serial killers. But 40 years ago it was a different world. America was on the cusp of the DNA breakthrough that would lead to solving numerous unsolved murder cases. But during this
- [Was Patty Hearst Brainwashed into Committing a Bank Robbery?](https://www.historydefined.net/patty-hearst/) - When Patty Hearst was kidnapped from her apartment in Berkeley, California, she was an unwilling victim. When the group that took her, the Symbionese Liberation Army, shoved Patty blindfolded into a closet, she was still a victim. So why, just a few months later, was she seen, rifle in hand, robbing a bank with the
- [The Kashmir Giants: Defenders of the Durbar](https://www.historydefined.net/kashmir-giants/) - There are billions of human beings in the world and every one of them looks different. Different skin tones, hair colors, and shapes. Height is a characteristic that many people notice as they travel around the world. Since that is something that can be broadly noticed in a crowd or recognized almost immediately upon meeting
- [25 photos that will restore your faith in humanity](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-that-will-restore-your-faith-in-humanity/) - More articles If you enjoyed this, check out more historical photos: 35 of the most disturbing photos ever taken 25 incredible photos with insane backstories 34 of the scariest photos ever taken 26 photos taken just before tragedy struck 38 of the creepiest photos ever taken
- [35 of the most disturbing photos ever taken](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-disturbing-photos-ever-taken/) - More articles If you enjoyed this, check out more historical photos: 25 incredible photos with insane backstories 25 photos that will restore your faith in humanity 34 of the scariest photos ever taken 26 photos taken just before tragedy struck 38 of the creepiest photos ever taken 32 of the most haunting photos from history
- [25 incredible photos with insane backstories](https://www.historydefined.net/incredible-photos-with-insane-backstories/) - More articles If you enjoyed this, check out more historical photos: 35 of the most disturbing photos ever taken 25 photos that will restore your faith in humanity 34 of the scariest photos ever taken 26 photos taken just before tragedy struck 38 of the creepiest photos ever taken 32 of the most haunting photos
- [Monument to a Lost Spelunker: Why Nutty Putty Cave Closed](https://www.historydefined.net/nutty-putty-cave/) - In the vast landscape of Utah's West Desert, there are countless expansive cave networks popular with spelunkers of all ages and expertise. Nutty Putty Cave is one such cave. It is a labyrinth of tight, twisting tunnels that was a challenge for all who entered its walls. It was a popular location for adventure seekers
- [History of the Early Germanic Goths and Visigoths](https://www.historydefined.net/goths-visigoths/) - The Goths were a significant ethnic group in Europe during the first half of the first millennium of the Common Era. They first appear in the historical record in the first century AD. They eventually spawned kingdoms that clashed with the Huns, the Romans, and the Umayyad Empire. They spoke an East Germanic language that
- [Did Adventurer George Mallory Make it to the Top of Everest?](https://www.historydefined.net/george-mallory/) - When we talk about history’s greatest firsts, several landmark achievements come to mind. In 1969, Neil Armstrong did what many thought could never be done, becoming the first person to step foot on the moon. Charles Lindbergh became the first person to fly across the Atlantic in 1927. In terms of sailing around the world,
- [Serial Killer, Shawn Grate and his House of Horrors](https://www.historydefined.net/shawn-grate/) - On Tuesday, September 16, 2016, a backhoe owned by Simonson Construction tore into the facade of 363 Covert Court in Ashland, Ohio. A police barrier had been erected to keep out the modest crowd of locals who had gathered to watch the demolition. But the emotion from the gathering was palpable as the house began
- [9 Kings of Hell: Demonic Rulers and Their Legions](https://www.historydefined.net/9-kings-of-hell/) - The supernatural world has enraptured humanity for centuries through mythical creatures, tales of the afterlife, and pantheons of gods. Among some of the most popular and longstanding myths are those of demonic creatures, entities of evil that exist to oppose the good forces of the universe. Abrahamic religions (Christianity, Judaism, and Islam) share many connected
- [Most Dangerous Job in the World? The Chernobyl Divers](https://www.historydefined.net/chernobyl-divers/) - How far would you go for your job? Would you do something dangerous? What if your job asked you to do something that could mean certain death, but would save millions? This is what was asked of three unsung heroes of the world, the Chernobyl divers. In 1986, one of the most devastating nuclear disasters
- [Bettie Page: The Troubled Life of the Iconic Pinup Queen](https://www.historydefined.net/bettie-page/) - Bettie Page is not a name that everyone knows today, but during the 1950s she was one of the most recognizable pinups in the world. She was a trailblazing model and one of the most photographed women of her era. However, beyond the lens and the allure of her pinup images, Bettie Page's life was
- [Beware of the Ides of March: What Happens on March 15?](https://www.historydefined.net/ides-of-march/) - The Ides of March is often related to the death of Julius Caesar. According to historians, Caesar was stabbed to death during the Ides of March in 44 Before the Common Era (BCE). Caesar had become a dictator, and Roman politicians were no longer happy with him. Around sixty conspirators took part in the plan
- [Jaycee Dugard: A Story of Resilience and Survival](https://www.historydefined.net/jaycee-dugard/) - True crime is a genre of story that has taken the world by storm, from video documentaries and television shows to extensive news coverage and podcast series. People cannot get enough of hearing the twisted things that can emerge from the darkest corners of humanity. Although some debate the ethics of true crime storytelling, its
- [The Horror of the Black Hole of Calcutta Incident](https://www.historydefined.net/black-hole-calcutta/) - The past is full of events that gained their notoriety from the death and destruction they wrought, but few of those events took place over a single night. In the city of Kolkata, then called Calcutta, one night was all it took to make a grisly mark in history, all thanks to their dungeon–the Black
- [The Short, Rebellious, Punk Rock Life of Sid Vicious ](https://www.historydefined.net/sid-vicious/) - The history of punk rock is rife with larger-than-life characters, some of them so iconic that they seem plucked out of a movie instead of reality. One of these figures is the infamous Sid Vicious, the bassist for the Sex Pistols. A pivotal figure in both punk rock and broader counterculture scenes, Sid Vicious made
- [Self-Defense or Murder?: The Trial of Omaima Nelson](https://www.historydefined.net/omaima-nelson/) - Some tales of criminal activity are so gruesome that it is nearly impossible for anyone to conceive how they can be committed. Omaima Nelson’s murder of her husband exists alongside mythically evil killers like Jeffrey Dahmer and Hannibal Lecter for her mutilation of his body after she killed him. After her arrest, her horrific acts
- [Who is Credited as the Inventor of the Car?](https://www.historydefined.net/inventor-car/) - Can you imagine a life without automobiles? It can be difficult to fathom that just 140 years ago, there were none of them on the road. But who invented the car? The name should be quite familiar: Karl Benz. It is important to note that while Benz is credited for its invention, many inventors and
- [The Painful Legacy of the Tradition of Foot Binding](https://www.historydefined.net/foot-binding/) - What makes someone beautiful? Some attributes, like bright eyes and a winning smile, will always be considered beautiful in a person, but there are dark marks in history where beauty was intimately linked to pain. One such practice, maybe the most painful of them all, was foot binding. Foot binding was a centuries-old Chinese tradition
- [The Role of Golems in Jewish History and Folklore](https://www.historydefined.net/golems/) - Golems have become ubiquitous figures in modern folklore, featured everywhere from Discworld novels to the world of Minecraft. But where did they come from? The English word comes from the Hebrew golem meaning “shapeless mass”. The word ‘golem’ is used once in the bible, and English versions translate it in various ways; it’s most often
- [Gladys Pearl Baker: The Mother of Superstar, Marilyn Monroe](https://www.historydefined.net/gladys-pearl-baker-the-mother-of-superstar-marilyn-monroe/) - The tragedy of Marilyn Monroe’s life was once hidden behind the glitz and glamor of her time in the spotlight. These days, we’ve learned to look a little deeper and see just how tragic and tumultuous her life was. Was this fate singular to Marilyn, or did it run in the family? Gladys Pearl Baker,
- [Who Invented the Game of Basketball? ](https://www.historydefined.net/basketball/) - People around the globe know Michael Jordan, LeBron James, and Stephen Curry. Many who revered Kobe Bryant were saddened when he passed away in 2020. However, interestingly enough, basketball doesn’t even make it to the list of the world’s most popular sports in terms of its number of fans. According to the World Atlas, the
- [Carl Panzram’s Unbelievable and Cruel Criminal Life](https://www.historydefined.net/carl-panzram/) - Few criminals have as long a list of crimes as Carl Panzram. His criminal streak lasted for nearly four decades, spanned multiple continents, and included thousands of examples of robbery, sexual assault, and arson. Even in his final hours, he expressed no remorse for his actions. He believed that he had been repaying the violence
- [The Titanboa: The Biggest Snake That Ever Lived](https://www.historydefined.net/titanboa/) - You would think this was something out of a Harry Potter movie. But it actually existed, as scientists have discovered. In 2009, coal miners and scientists discovered more than 180 fossils of a gargantuan snake in a Colombian region called Cerrejon. The conclusion from the finding was that 60 million years ago after dinosaurs had
- [Who Was the Stalker known as Spring-Heeled Jack?](https://www.historydefined.net/spring-heeled-jack/) - Before the murderous reign of Jack the Ripper, another Jack was terrorizing the citizens of London in the dark of night. Fortunately, this Jack wasn’t a killer, but there was still plenty about him to set everyone on edge. This monstrous stalker was known as Spring Heeled Jack. Leaping through the dark city streets and
- [The Ethical Thought Experiment of the Euthanasia Coaster](https://www.historydefined.net/euthanasia-coaster/) - For those who revel in the heart-pounding excitement of plummeting down steep drops, twisting through loops, and feeling the rush of adrenaline as G-forces push you into your seat, the world of roller coasters has long been a source of ultimate thrills. Yet, what if there was a roller coaster that transcends the bounds of
- [Why is Van Gogh’s Starry Night One of the Most Famous Paintings in the World?](https://www.historydefined.net/starry-night/) - When people are asked about famous paintings, chances are they will say Leonardo Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa and The Last Supper, Edvard Munch’s The Scream, and Vincent van Gogh’s The Starry Night. The Starry Night, a beautiful yet gloomy oil-on-canvas painting, is usually in the top three or five of the most popular paintings list.
- [The Unexpected True Story of the Wife Swap Murders](https://www.historydefined.net/wife-swap-murders/) - In 2004 ABC launched an American version of a popular British series: Wife Swap. The premise of the series was that two families would swap wives/mothers for two weeks, usually from families with different lifestyles or socioeconomic statuses. In the first week the women would have to operate under the family’s usual rules, while in
- [The Making of a Superstar: The Life and Time of Larry Hagman](https://www.historydefined.net/larry-hagman/) - In the final scene of the final episode of the 1979–80 season of the phenomenally popular TV show Dallas, arch-villain J.R. Ewing (Larry Hagman) hears a noise outside his office. He walks out to the hall to investigate. He is then shot twice by an unseen assailant--and collapses to the floor. This episode was broadcast
- [What Was Daily Life Like in the Achaemenid Empire?](https://www.historydefined.net/achaemenid-empire/) - The Achaemenid Empire, also known as the First Persian Empire, was founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. It endured for over two hundred years and was eventually conquered by Alexander the Great in 330 BC. During the reign of Darius the Great (522–486 BC), this empire became the largest that the world had
- [Punic Wars: The Fall of the Carthaginian Superpower](https://www.historydefined.net/punic-wars/) - Some parts of the world have constantly been embroiled in conflict, and wars have been going on for millennia. You would think that people would have learned from the casualties and economic losses of all these wars–but no. As long as there is power to grab, territories to conquer, and resources to control, the world
- [The Dark and Disturbing Life of H.H. Holmes: America's First Documented Serial Killer](https://www.historydefined.net/hh-holmes/) - In 1891 it was announced that Chicago, Illinois, had been chosen to host the World's Columbian Exposition. This was a cultural and social event celebrating the 400th anniversary of Columbus’ discovery of America. It would take place from May to October of 1893, and likely attract millions of people from all around the world. As
- [Robert Wadlow, The Tallest Man To Ever Live](https://www.historydefined.net/robert-wadlow-the-tallest-person-man-to-ever-live/) - From his record-breaking height to his tragic death, learn everything there is to know about Robert Wadlow, the tallest person man to ever live.
- [Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen: The Inventor of the X-ray](https://www.historydefined.net/wilhelm-conrad-rontgen/) - Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was the first person to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. He discovered the radiation wavelength range known in English as X-rays. In many languages, these wavelengths are still called Röntgen radiation. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Röntgen was the child of a German cloth merchant. He was born in 1845 in the
- [Sporus and Nero: The Controversial Union in Ancient Rome](https://www.historydefined.net/sporus/) - Ancient Rome was celebrated for its significant contributions to architecture, literature, and politics. It was also a society where certain aspects of sexual expression and relationships exhibited a degree of openness and complexity that still shocks people today. During the reign of Emperor Nero, homosexuality, though not openly discussed or embraced, could still be found
- [How Mary Ann Brown Patten Saved Neptune’s Car From Disaster](https://www.historydefined.net/mary-ann-brown/) - Tales of life on the high seas have encapsulated people’s imaginations for centuries: overcoming massive storms, narrowly escaping pirate attacks, and discovering uncharted territories. But sometimes, the reality is even more intriguing than the stories. This is the case with the story of Mary Ann Brown, the 19-year-old ship captain who merely fell into the
- [The Man Behind Occam's Razor: William of Ockham](https://www.historydefined.net/occams-razor/) - In the world of academia, there is a principle called “Occam's Razor” (also referred to as the “Principle/Law of Parsimony”). It is the philosophy that when presented with competing hypotheses about the same prediction, one should always choose the one that requires the fewest assumptions. (This is not meant to be a method of choosing
- [The Discovery of the Odd Statues of ‘Ain Ghazal](https://www.historydefined.net/ain-ghazal/) - ‘Ain Ghazal houses the remains of an ancient culture that thrived there for thousands of years. It is one of the largest Neolithic settlements ever found. The site is in modern-day Jordan and is best known for the ʿAin Ghazal statues that were discovered there in the 1980s. Some of the archeological remains found at
- [Living in the Shadow of The King: Benjamin Keough’s Tragic Story](https://www.historydefined.net/benjamin-keough/) - Elvis Presley, the King of Rock, is one of the most recognizable characters in history. Every aspect of his life was under a microscope, from his love life to his drug use to his family. Even though he tragically passed in 1977, he had one daughter before he died: Lisa Marie Presley. Following in her
- [Epic Naval Battles of the Colosseum in Ancient Rome](https://www.historydefined.net/naval-battles/) - There isn’t much that represents ancient Rome quite like the Colosseum. This iconic architectural marvel is instantly recognizable, even in its fractured present form. Images of gladiatorial battles come to mind when the Colosseum is mentioned. But it was also host to another strange sort of spectacle loved by the ancient Romans–naval battles. In a
- [Albert Einstein: Women, Wars, and the Atomic Bomb](https://www.historydefined.net/albert-einstein/) - For over a century now, the name Albert Einstein has been synonymous with “genius.” The epitome of super-intelligence. Every grade school student knows his name and millions of aspiring scientists study his theories hoping to discover a flicker of his brilliance in themselves. Einstein is credited with presenting seven theories that literally changed our understanding
- [The Life of Cleopatra: Seductress and Intelligent Leader](https://www.historydefined.net/cleopatra/) - Cleopatra is known to be one of the most beautiful monarchs in history. However, it must be noted that she was more than just her beauty. She was an influential leader and the last Hellenic ruler in Egypt. After her reign, Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire. Cleopatra was both loved and hated
- [Tsutomu Yamaguchi: The Man Who Survived Two Atomic Bombs](https://www.historydefined.net/tsutomu-yamaguchi/) - Over the course of three years during World War II, the United States developed a new form of warfare: the atomic bomb. It was developed through a massive secret project explored in the recent box office hit Oppenheimer. After testing the first bomb at Los Alamos on July 16, 1945, the US military immediately began
- [The most Important Inventions of Ancient Egypt](https://www.historydefined.net/inventions-ancient-egypt/) - Ancient Egypt may have lacked many things that we take for granted today, such as wheels and coins. But that civilization spawned countless inventions and innovations that shaped the ancient world. This article will move chronologically through the most important inventions of Ancient Egypt. Prehistoric Egypt The area around the Nile has been inhabited for
- [10 of the Strangest Trends From the Victorian Era](https://www.historydefined.net/the-strangest-trends-from-the-victorian-era/) - From death photography to eating mummies, many strange and unusual trends occurred during the Victorian Era. Learn more about them.
- [Anne Bonny: The Pirate Who Defied Gender Norms at Sea](https://www.historydefined.net/anne-bonny/) - When people think of pirates, they immediately picture Captain Hook or Jack Sparrow. The image of a woman doesn’t naturally come to mind. However, Anne Bonny defied gender norms by becoming a woman pirate in the 18th century. Who Is Anne Bonny? Even if they’re women, pirates aren’t known as upstanding citizens. So it’s no
- [Harvey Glatman: The Glamour Girl Killer of the 1950s](https://www.historydefined.net/harvey-glatman/) - In the darkest corners of true crime history, certain names stand out as chilling reminders of the limits of depravity in the human psyche. Harvey Glatman, infamously known as the "Glamour Girl Killer," carved a gruesome path through the 1950s, leaving a trail of victims in his wake. His actions would redefine the safety procedures
- [Edith Bolling Galt Wilson: America's First Female President](https://www.historydefined.net/edith-bolling-galt-wilson/) - Unless you're an American history buff or student of American Presidential history, you may never have heard the name Edith Bolling Galt Wilson. But for all intents and purposes, she served as the first de facto female President of the United States, from October 1919 to March 1921. She was the second wife of President
- [The Philosophical Conundrum of the Ship of Theseus](https://www.historydefined.net/ship-of-theseus/) - If every piece of a ship is replaced over time until none of the original components remain, is it still the same ship? The Ship of Theseus is a thought experiment rooted in the story of Theseus, the founder-king of Athens who took a certain ship on a pilgrimage each year to honor the god
- [Mythology of the Ancient Greek Goddesses Nike and Athena](https://www.historydefined.net/greek-goddesses-nike-athena/) - In ancient Greece, Nike was worshiped as the goddess of victory. Her favor graced the victors of all kinds of contests, from foot races to great battles. She could also grant people success in the arts. Nike was associated with both Zeus and Athena. She was often shown with huge wings on her back and
- [Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: the Most Important Astronomer You Never Heard Of](https://www.historydefined.net/cecilia-payne-gaposchkin/) - By the latter half of the 1800s, the primary question among astronomers around the world was, “What are stars actually made of?” In the 1880's, a team of Harvard researchers believed they'd answered this question. They had created a classification system whereby stars are rated according to their surface temperature. Using this rating system, the
- [Manuela Escobar: Daughter of an Infamous Drug Lord](https://www.historydefined.net/manuela-escobar/) - Manuela Escobar is not a name you will find in the history books. She’s not a celebrity nor is she a famous inventor. In fact, Manuela Escobar is a remarkably ordinary person who just happens to be related to one of history’s most notorious criminals. Manuela’s father was Pablo Escobar, the infamous Colombian drug lord
- [The Role and Significance of Dogs in Ancient Egypt](https://www.historydefined.net/dogs-ancient-egypt/) - Cats were famously well-regarded in ancient Egypt, but what about dogs? Dogs in ancient Egypt held much the same status as dogs today. Some were working dogs, and many were beloved pets. Some strays haunted graveyards and cowered on the fringes of society. Some were status symbols, decked out in precious metals and embalmed to
- [The Pantheon: A Famous Dome and Iconic Pillars](https://www.historydefined.net/pantheon/) - There are many iconic feats of architecture in the world that are recognizable at first glance: the Taj Mahal, the Eiffel Tower, the Statue of Liberty. But one of the most influential and copied buildings of the world is much smaller. It was built in Rome by a trusted advisor of Augustus Caesar: The Pantheon.
- [Outlaw Who Was Turned into a Pair of Shoes: "Big Nose" George Parrott](https://www.historydefined.net/big-nose-george-parrott/) - The Carbon County Museum, in Rawlins, Wyoming may never be as famous as the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in NYC, or the Houston Museum of Natural Science in Houston, TX. But it does have one thing those other museums do not: An “Outlaws” exhibit featuring a
- [Liberace: The Virtuoso Behind the Glitz and Glamour](https://www.historydefined.net/liberace/) - When most people hear the name “Liberace,” certain images come to mind. Perhaps the image of a flamboyantly dressed man in a sequined cape. He would be seated at a rhinestone-studded Grand piano playing an almost schizophrenic combination of Classical, Pop, and Show Tunes. A man whose garish appearance easily calls into question his standing
- [Daily life in Ancient China Through the Bronze Age](https://www.historydefined.net/ancient-china/) - Ancient China is an extremely broad period. The country spans a huge swatch of the Earth and encompasses many thousands of years of history. Any broad generalizations should be taken with a grain of salt. The archeological record only gives us glimpses into life in the distant past. But much can be learned from those
- [Having Babies for Hitler: The Life of Hildegard Trutz](https://www.historydefined.net/hildegard-trutz/) - At the age of 18, Hildegard Trutz had everything going for her. She was young, smart and beautiful. More importantly, she was the right kind of beautiful for 1936 Germany. She was blond, with blue eyes and wide hips suited to giving birth. But before her 18th birthday, Hildegard had been making waves in her
- [Ariadne, Theseus, and the Labyrinth of the Minotaur](https://www.historydefined.net/ariadne-theseus-minotaur/) - Ariadne and Theseus are two key characters in the ancient Greek myth of the Minotaur. Ariadne was a princess born on the island of Crete, home to the ancient Minoan civilization that flourished there during the Bronze Age. The modern name for the civilization derives from the mythical King Minos, the father of Ariadne. The
- [Sepoy Mutiny: Big Trouble for the British East India Company](https://www.historydefined.net/sepoy-mutiny/) - Every conquered nation will eventually grow tired and dissatisfied with its conqueror. In 1857, India reached its boiling point. It decided to wage a mutiny against the Crown, specifically the British East India Company (EIC). The rebellion ended in a little over a year. Let’s take a look at that important time in Indian and
- [How Rosendo Cruz's Ferrari Ended Up Buried in a Yard](https://www.historydefined.net/rosendo-cruzs-ferrari/) - In October of 1974, a plumber in Alhambra, California named Rosendo Cruz purchased a brand new Ferrari Dino 246 GTS. It was meant to be a gift for his wife. He purchased the car from Hollywood Sports Car. This was a Ferrari dealership in Los Angeles that had previously catered to the likes of Frank
- [The Most Important Archaeological Discoveries of 2023](https://www.historydefined.net/archaeological-discoveries-2023/) - What we know (or think we know) about history is only a minute sliver of what humans have accomplished and experienced over the millennia. Each year, the tireless work of archeologists adds a few more pieces to the puzzle and increases our understanding of human history. Here are some of the most important archaeological discoveries
- [The Tohuku Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Disaster](https://www.historydefined.net/the-tohuku-earthquake-and-fukushima-nuclear-disaster/) - On March 11, 2011, the Tohoku Earthquake, measuring 9.1 in magnitude, struck off the northeast coast of Honshu along the Japan Trench. This event is also referred to as the Great Sendai Earthquake or the Great East Japan Earthquake and stands as the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan. The earthquake's main shock triggered
- [Raymond Theodore Robinson: The Green Man of Pennsylvania](https://www.historydefined.net/green-man/) - Urban legends can be born from anything–a story passed down from generation to generation, a misunderstood occurrence that gets distorted each time the tale is told. Or, more rarely, something real. The legend of the Green Man, or Charlie No Face, falls into the last category. He was a phantom that was supposed to haunt
- [The Ancient Egyptian Symbol: Eye of Horus](https://www.historydefined.net/eye-of-horus/) - The Eye of Horus is an ancient Egyptian symbol used for protection and good health. It was a popular symbol in the Old Kingdom, also called the Age of the Pyramids, and ever after. Still a popular symbol today, the Eye of Horus has endured for five thousand years. Horus was the god of the
- [The Gates of Hell: The Darvaza Gas Crater](https://www.historydefined.net/darvaza-gas-crater/) - It is not uncommon for fires to occur underground. In fact, they are a global phenomenon, from Pennsylvania to Germany to China. The most common form of underground fire is a coal seam fire, where large underground deposits of coal catch flame. With such a large fuel source, endless oxygen, and a massive price tag
- [The Syracusia, the largest ship in ancient history](https://www.historydefined.net/syracusia/) - Syracusia was an ancient ship that sailed out of Syracuse. At that time, it was an independent colony located on the island of Sicily. Hiero II of Syracuse commissioned it in the third century BC and sent it to Ptolemy III Euergetes in Alexandria. This ancient Greek ship was so massive that no Sicilian port
- [William Harley and Arthur Davidson: Men Behind the Iconic Motorcycle](https://www.historydefined.net/harley-davidson/) - According to Harley-Davidson lore, William Harley and Arthur Davidson met in the late 1890s. They became fast friends because of their shared interest in mechanics and design. By the turn of the century, one was working as a draftsman, the other a pattern-maker. But they still hadn't hit upon an idea to combine their interests
- [The Life of R. Norris Williams: Titanic Survivor and Tennis Champion](https://www.historydefined.net/r-norris-williams/) - Richard Norris Williams was a passenger aboard the RMS Titanic who went on to become a National Tennis Champion in the United States and Olympic gold medalist in mixed doubles tennis. The Swiss Philadelphian Williams was a direct descendant of Benjamin Franklin. Both of his parents were from Philadelphia. His father, Duane Williams, helped to
- [How Shrek the Sheep Evaded Discovery for Six Years](https://www.historydefined.net/shrek-the-sheep/) - In 2004, news broke around the world with a goofy image. It was of a sheep that was carrying so much wool that it could hardly even see. Regal images of the round creature, covered in matted fur, were shared. One showed the sheep standing over half the size of a full-grown man. One was
- [The Downfall and the Salting of the Great City of Carthage](https://www.historydefined.net/carthage/) - To salt the earth means to destroy it. Unlike other means of destruction like flood or fire, salting the earth is much more permanent. Fire can fertilize the land with ash, and floods can hydrate it. But with salt, there is no hope for regrowth. Ancient accounts explain that when the Romans conquered the city
- [Unveiling the Horrors of Scaphism: Ancient Torture Revisited](https://www.historydefined.net/scaphism/) - Scaphism is a term that sends shivers down the spine. It encapsulates one of the most gruesome and horrifying methods of punishment ever devised. It is a method of execution that straddled the thin line between cruelty and sadism. Scaphism was not merely a form of physical torment but a diabolical orchestration of prolonged suffering.
- [Sir William Wallace: The Real Story of the ‘Braveheart’ Warrior](https://www.historydefined.net/sir-william-wallace/) - Those who watched the 1995 epic historical drama ‘Braveheart’ know the story of Sir William Wallace quite well. He was the warrior who led the Scots in the First War of Scottish Independence. However, Hollywood has romanticized many aspects of his life. In this article, we discuss the real story of Sir William Wallace. Who
- [The Mysterious Case of Sergei Ponomarenko–Time Traveler? ](https://www.historydefined.net/sergei-ponomarenko/) - Like most law enforcement, police officers in the city of Kyiv have dealt with their fair share of crime and other less serious disturbances. But on one fateful day in 2006, a few officers were met with something different. It was April 23, 2006, when a man was arrested for suspicious behavior. He looked to
- [The Use of Subliminal Messages in Film and Advertising](https://www.historydefined.net/subliminal-messages/) - In the 1940s, the American television and film-making industries began experimenting with a psychological approach. It aimed to sell products where single-frame product endorsements were embedded in film. These were undetectable to the eye, but hopefully, acknowledged by the viewer's brain. One of the earliest examples of this technique was a 1943 cartoon short featuring
- [Did Ron Wyatt Discover Real Evidence for Jesus’ Existence?](https://www.historydefined.net/ron-wyatt/) - It is perhaps the greatest question in the history of mankind that people go back and forth debating. Did Jesus Christ actually exist? Or did Christians make him up and pass him as real? Historical records and artifacts from 2,000 years ago are incredibly rare. Those who believe in Jesus point to the gospels of
- [12 horrifying interviews with the world's worst criminals](https://www.historydefined.net/horrifying-interviews-with-the-worlds-worst-criminals/) - True crime stories captivate people around the world. The intrigue often lies in understanding the darkest aspects of human nature and the satisfaction of seeing justice served. However, there are instances where these notorious individuals are given a platform to present their perspectives on camera, sparking debate. Is this an opportunity to delve into the
- [Teddy Roosevelt: President, World Traveler, and Boxer](https://www.historydefined.net/teddy-roosevelt/) - T.R. Roosevelt was an American politician. He advocated for a “strenuous life” of upstanding moral character, great physical effort, and an extensive education. In his case, this was achieved in no small part through his pursuit of boxing. A Homeschooled New Yorker Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was born and raised in Manhattan. He was the second
- [Grossest Disaster in History? The Erfurt Latrine Disaster](https://www.historydefined.net/erfurt-latrine-disaster/) - Even the most well-intentioned deed can go awry, but not many go off the rails quite as much as the meeting put together by King Henry VI in July 1184. Henry had organized the meeting, called a Hoftag, to help broker peace between two other leaders, Louis III of Thuringia and Archbishop Conrad of Mainz.
- [Janissaries: The Elite Fighters of the Ottoman Empire](https://www.historydefined.net/janissaries/) - Military history is filled with tales of elite groups of fighters that stand apart from the regular military. Exceptional fighters who have proven themselves in battle. These groups were called on for special missions. They had reputations for being the best of the best and were known worldwide. They struck fear into their enemies. Examples
- [Zoroastrianism: 10 Things You Need To Know](https://www.historydefined.net/zoroastrianism/) - Are you familiar with Zoroastrianism? Not many may have heard of it before, but it is one of the oldest organized faiths in the world. It is a monotheistic faith—a belief in one person or god—and its principles lie in the dualistic cosmology of good and evil. Zoroastrianism is practiced worldwide. It has roots in
- [Paul Reubens: the Man Behind “Pee-wee Herman"](https://www.historydefined.net/paul-reubens/) - Paul Reubens, aka “Pee-wee Herman,” was a man of profound contradictions. On one hand, he was the quirky-but-talented creator of the phenomenally successful cult classics, Pee-wee's Big Adventure and Big Top Pee-wee. Also, the highly successful TV series, Pee-wee's Playhouse. But on the other hand, he was the infamous celebrity caught masturbating in an adult
- [How Soviet Anti-Tank Dogs Impacted World War II](https://www.historydefined.net/how-soviet-anti-tank-dogs-impacted-world-war-ii/) - These weren’t your everyday German Shepherds. These dogs were actual “soldiers” for the Soviet Union and played a role in the nation’s comeback victory over the Germans in World War II. Anti-tank dogs were first trained in 1930 to carry out missions for the Soviets’ Red Army. Over 16 years, they were used for various
- [A Look at the Ancient Roman Festival, Saturnalia](https://www.historydefined.net/saturnalia/) - Saturnalia was an ancient Roman festival honoring the god Saturn. The holiday started with a single day. It eventually stretched to a full week of celebrations. Slaves were given time off of work and gifts were exchanged. Saturnalia was celebrated in December. Many of its traditional practices influenced Christmastime festivities throughout Europe. Saturn Himself Saturn
- [Charles Joughin: How Whiskey Saved The Head Baker of the Titanic](https://www.historydefined.net/charles-joughin/) - Charles Joughin was an acclaimed chef. He was best known for being the head baker on the RMS Titanic. Although the extravagance of the voyage is well known, the pastries that Joughin was responsible for creating are not why he is remembered. Instead, Joughin is best known for his remarkable survival in the face of
- [Loving v. Virginia: A Landmark Struggle for Love and Equality](https://www.historydefined.net/loving-v-virginia/) - Throughout the history of the United States, there have been many landmark court cases. These have paved the way for more equality and an equal shot at the American dream. Brown v. Board of Education, Hernandez v. Texas, and Obergefell v. Hodges have played a crucial role in shaping the landscape of equality. The outcomes
- [Muhammad Ali: The Boxer Who Chose His Name and Charted His Destiny](https://www.historydefined.net/muhammad-ali/) - Every few generations, a sportsperson comes along and transcends the boundaries of their arena to become a bonafide cultural icon. These elite athletes represent the pinnacle of sporting excellence and the hopes and dreams of their legions of adoring fans. They become larger than life. Their legends persist long after their time in the spotlight
- [How did the Vandals Get a Bad Reputation in History?](https://www.historydefined.net/vandals/) - Vandalism–the word has an immediate negative connotation in the minds of most, and for good reason. Vandalism can destroy buildings, personal property, and even art. But in ancient times, the word meant something totally different. The Vandals were a Germanic tribe that rose from obscurity to a power large enough to take over ancient Rome
- [The World's Most Famous Synesthete: Vincent Van Gogh](https://www.historydefined.net/vincent-van-gogh/) - Today, Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh is considered second only to Rembrandt in raw talent and sheer genius. His striking use of color, forceful brushwork, and the contoured forms of his work effectively redefined Expressionism in modern art. In short, he is considered the master painter's master. Ironically, Van Gogh sold only one painting in
- [Lagertha: Maiden With the Courage of a Man](https://www.historydefined.net/lagertha/) - She was beautiful and a warrior. Many thought she was too good to be true. Was Lagertha real? Lagertha is one of the most popular characters in Scandinavian legend. She was not a real person and she was thought to be inspired by the Amazons in Greek mythology. However, her story still made a massive
- [McGuire Twins: “World’s Heaviest Twins” of the Wrestling World](https://www.historydefined.net/mcguire-twins/) - There are heavyweights in wrestling, and then there’s the McGuire Twins. Billy and Benny McCrary amassed 1,598 lbs. In the Guinness Book of World Records, that’s enough to make them the “world’s heaviest twins.” At their peak, Billy came in weighing 784 lbs while Benny was 814. The two men were born premature. Their weight
- [The Legend of Maryland's Local Cryptid, the Goat Man](https://www.historydefined.net/goat-man/) - Humans have always been fascinated with mythology and folklore. Every culture around the world has its own myths or legends that help to explain the unexplainable. In ancient times, mythological figures were revered as Gods, demons, or heroes, and often taught a moral lesson. Today, many of these myths and legends have found their way
- [Who Would Win a Fight Between Knights and Samurais?](https://www.historydefined.net/knights-vs-samurais/) - In two different parts of the world, two different types of warriors took up swords. They have cemented themselves in history as some of the most skilled fighters of all time. The legends of knights and samurais are so incredible that they almost seem more like parts of myths instead of reality. But knights and
- [Real or Fake? Orichalcum, Ancient Metal of Mythical Origins](https://www.historydefined.net/orichalcum/) - Orichalcum is a semi-mythical metal that was most likely an early form of brass. Its name derives from the ancient Greek words for ‘mountain’ and ‘copper’. Orichalcum was mentioned in several ancient texts, including Plato’s Critias. Plato wrote of orichalcum as being second in value only to gold, but other writers centuries later used the
- [Judith Love Cohen, Aerospace Engineer](https://www.historydefined.net/judith-love-cohen/) - Judith Love Cohen was an aerospace engineer who worked on projects such as the Hubble Space Telescope and the Apollo Space Program. In popular culture, she’s better known as the mother of musician and actor Jack Black. From Brooklyn to Los Angeles Judith Love Cohen was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1933. Her father
- [Gary Gygax: Original Dungeon Master and the Mind Behind D&D](https://www.historydefined.net/gary-gygax/) - If you’re someone who loves role-playing games, whether it be tabletop or video games, then you owe a lot to the man who pretty much invented the genre. Gary Gygax is known as the father of the RPG for his role in co-creating the phenomenon known as Dungeons & Dragons (D&D). This game, with its
- [Karolina Olsson: The “Real” Sleeping Beauty](https://www.historydefined.net/karolina-olsson/) - The story of Karolina Olsson is one of the biggest mysteries that has perplexed doctors and people of all ages. How can a young girl fall asleep and not wake up for another 32 years? Or did she really sleep? Olsson was raised in Okno, Sweden. One day in 1876, she slipped on ice and
- [Origin of the Iconic Nintendo Videogame Brand](https://www.historydefined.net/nintendo/) - Video games come from humble beginnings. Something unique about the industry is that many of the names that were big on the early scene still remain some of the most successful today. One such name that has constantly been part of the video game scene is Nintendo. Just the name evokes images of colorful plumbers,
- [Shadows of Hiroshima: Testaments to Unimaginable Tragedy](https://www.historydefined.net/hiroshima-shadows/) - August 6, 1945, marked a cataclysmic turning point in human history. The city of Hiroshima, Japan, became the epicenter of one of the most devastating events of the 20th century when the United States dropped the first atomic bomb. Amidst the widespread destruction and unimaginable human suffering, the shadows left behind by the victims etched
- [The Breaking Wheel: Horrors of an Ancient Torture Device](https://www.historydefined.net/breaking-wheel/) - In the long stretch of human history, few instruments can evoke as much dread and revulsion as the breaking wheel. The breaking wheel was a gruesome and torturous device. Also known as the Catherine wheel, it was a macabre invention employed to inflict excruciating pain and death upon its victims. It originated in medieval Europe.
- [Huang Dafa: A Man on a Mission](https://www.historydefined.net/huang-dafa/) - If there ever was a symbol of perseverance and determination, Huang Dafa is it. When the people in his village lost the ability to access fresh water and irrigate rice because of a severe drought that hit in the 1950s, Dafa dedicated 36 years of his life to bringing that water back. He dug a
- [Ancient, Hairless Dog of the Gods: the Xolo Dog](https://www.historydefined.net/xolo-dog/) - The Xoloitzcuintli, better known as a Xolo dog, is an ancient breed that has existed for over three thousand years. Still popular in modern Mexico, this hairless dog takes its name from the Aztec god Xolotl. Xolotl Xolotl was an important Aztec god who guided souls - and the sun - through the underworld. He
- [10 of history's most harrowing stories of survival](https://www.historydefined.net/historys-most-harrowing-stories-of-survival/) - In the face of extreme adversity, the human spirit has shown time and again its remarkable capacity for resilience and survival. From individuals overcoming insurmountable odds to miraculous tales of endurance, history is replete with stories that not only astonish but also inspire. In this article, we delve into some most harrowing and extraordinary survival
- [“Lady Day,” the Turbulent Life of Billie Holiday](https://www.historydefined.net/billie-holiday/) - Billie Holiday was gifted with one of the most identifiable voices in the history of recorded music. It was a voice that throughout her 26-year career (and since her untimely death in 1959) has indisputably placed her among the all-time “greats.” Songs like, “Them There Eyes” (1939), “Loverboy” (1941), “Good Morning, Heartache” (1946), and “T'ain't
- [Indus Valley Civilization: Urban Planning of 5,000 Years Ago](https://www.historydefined.net/indus-valley/) - Urban planning refers to the process of structuring and appropriating urban spaces to their highest potential. It sounds like a modern term, but you may be surprised to hear that urban planning was already being used 5,000 years ago. The Indus Valley Civilization is one of the earliest in the world and the oldest in
- [The Batavia Shipwreck: Mutiny and Murder](https://www.historydefined.net/batavia-shipwreck/) - Australia is known for a lot of things. Dangerous spiders and venomous snakes among all sorts of other exciting wildlife. Beautiful cities like Sydney, and the inhospitable expanse of the outback are just a few examples. But there is something dark in the maritime history of Australia. It is something so disturbing that it is
- [The Legend of the Missing Town: Doveland, Wisconsin ](https://www.historydefined.net/doveland-wisconsin/) - The term “ghost town” evokes certain mental images of dusty western towns empty of all human life, dilapidated mining towns with broken windows, and desolate streets. There is something inherently creepy about an empty town and the unknown stories of previous residents, something sinister about the things left behind. But what if instead of an
- [Alice Roosevelt: A Famous First-Daughter](https://www.historydefined.net/alice-roosevelt-a-famous-first-daughter/) - Many First Ladies have taken the spotlight away from their husbands. Such as Eleanor Roosevelt, Jackie Kennedy, and Betty Ford. However, there was one president who was outshined by his own daughter. Alice Roosevelt Longworth was the daughter of President Theodore Roosevelt. She was a prominent figure in social and political circles during the turn
- [Why Was Japan So Difficult to Defeat During World War Two?](https://www.historydefined.net/japan-world-war-two/) - While the US might enjoy unparalleled military domination today, in 1941, this was not the case. In the aftermath of the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States knew it would have a brutal fight ahead of it, and it was right. Over the next four years, the United States faced a foe that was
- [Female Serial Killer, Aileen Wuornos: Making of a Monster](https://www.historydefined.net/aileen-wuornos/) - American crime history is filled with Infamous serial killers like Ted Bundy and Jeffrey Dahmer who have become household names. They have inspired TV shows, movies, and podcasts. Traditionally, the realm of serial murders has been dominated by male perpetrators. Female serial killers are a rare breed, but when their stories emerge, they captivate and
- [The Land of Hyperborea: 7 Interesting Things To Know](https://www.historydefined.net/hyperborea/) - Arya Stark traveled to discover what was west of Westeros when she should have tried looking for what was far north of the known world. Why? Because it’s supposed to be an idyllic place where suffering doesn’t exist. Unfortunately, Hyperborea, or the place far north of the known world, is as real as Arya Stark
- [Coffin Birth: A Rare Postmortem Phenomenon](https://www.historydefined.net/coffin-birth/) - We don’t know her name, or how she died. Despite this, a medieval mother unearthed in Imola, Italy, was able to give us some fascinating information on life and pregnancy in ancient times. Her bones tell a tragic story of a young life and a pregnancy cut short. The skeleton of the woman was found
- [Benedict Arnold: The Most (In)Famous Traitor in American History](https://www.historydefined.net/benedict-arnold/) - In modern parlance, the name Benedict Arnold is synonymous with treason and betrayal. He's history's most famous turncoat. Though relatively few know the story surrounding Arnold's condemnation, most are aware that he was accused of leading British forces against the American Continental Army. These were the very forces he'd once commanded. But what would lead
- [The Battles of Vengeance of the Heroic Heracles](https://www.historydefined.net/heracles/) - One of the most famous heroes in the Western canon is Heracles, or Roman Hercules. He was a demigod who performed spectacular feats during his lifetime. His tale has been adapted many times by authors and poets through the ages, including in recent years an animated movie produced by Disney, a television series starring Kevin
- [Tim Lancaster: Pilot Who Was Sucked Out of a Plane Window](https://www.historydefined.net/tim-lancaster/) - On June 10, 1990, something happened on British Airways Flight 5390 that thousands of people fear every single day. The plane began to fall out of the sky because the windshield had become dislodged from the plane. The captain was nearly sucked out of the plane. Prior to the flight, the maintenance team at the
- [Thumbscrews: Tightening the Thumbs to Loosen the Lips](https://www.historydefined.net/thumbscrews/) - Interrogation techniques have evolved over hundreds of years. Sometimes these methods can be as simple as bright lights or changing the temperature in a room. But sometimes the tactics are more aggressive or violent. These kinds of methods border on forms of torture. This was the predominant technique for convincing someone to do something they
- [Who Was the Korean Admiral and Folk Hero, Yi Sun-Sin?](https://www.historydefined.net/yi-sun-sin/) - One of the most detailed journals of any battle commander in history was written by the Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin. He stands as one of the largest figures in Korean and Japanese history. He was one of the greatest admirals in history who was undefeated, and repelled Japan’s invasion of Korea in the 16th century.
- [Walking Tall: The True Story of Buford Pusser](https://www.historydefined.net/buford-pusser/) - As something of a folklore hero, Buford Pusser has had a trio of movies dedicated to his life, There are also multiple songs, including two that mention an altercation between Jimmy Buffett and Pusser. His law enforcement career was legendary. He went on a nearly one-man crusade against local crime rings involved in moonshining, gambling,
- [La Malinche: A Complicated Legacy and Reputation](https://www.historydefined.net/la-malinche/) - Malinchista is a Mexican slang term for someone who has betrayed their country or culture in favor of another one. The root of this term has an interesting history that can be traced back to before the founding of the nation. It dates back, in fact, before the people of that land even spoke Spanish.
- [The Shinsengumi: The Most Famous Japanese Samurai Force](https://www.historydefined.net/shinsengumi/) - Although Japan is now considered a part of the Western, developed world and is a steady member of the United Nations, this was not always the case. In fact, the people of Japan remained in isolation for hundreds of years. They barely interacted with the world beyond their borders. The transition to reopening the borders
- [Siberian Ice Maiden: The Well-Preserved, Tattooed Mummy](https://www.historydefined.net/siberian-ice-maiden/) - One of the greatest archeological discoveries of the twentieth century came only seven years before the new millennium. In 1993, Dr. Natalya Polosmak of Novosibirsk’s Institute of Archeology and Ethnography led a team of archeologists into the Eurasian steppe because of rumors of a grave robbery. The team began digging at a site on the
- [Cernunnos: Unveiling the Mysterious Lord of the Wilds](https://www.historydefined.net/cernunnos/) - Cernunnos, also known as the “Horned One” and “The Lord of the Wilds”, was the god of beasts and wild places in the Celtic world. He was largely worshiped in Gaul. This area was located in the northwest region of Europe. It covered modern-day France and Belgium, although over time his following expanded to the
- [How Caesar and Cleopatra Became a Political Powerhouse](https://www.historydefined.net/caesar-and-cleopatra/) - Who is the most famous power couple in history? Beyoncé and Jay-Z? Bill and Hillary Clinton? No, the answer is Cleopatra and Julius Caesar. Each led one of the most powerful countries in the world. Their combined relationship represented an almost unmatched level of concentrated power. So how did these two historical figures end up
- [Lefty Rosenthal: King of Vegas or Informant Extraordinaire?](https://www.historydefined.net/lefty-rosenthal/) - In 1995, Martin Scorcese released a film called Casino. It was about a man from Chicago who runs a casino for the Chicago Outfit, also known as the Italian mob, in Las Vegas. Over the course of the movie, Sam “Ace” Rothstein goes from a lowly sports handicapper to a man wanted by both the
- [Eduard Einstein: The Forgotten Son of Albert Einstein](https://www.historydefined.net/eduard-einstein/) - Albert Einstein is the most famous scientist of the modern age. Everyone learns about his theory of relativity and the equation E=MC2 is common parlance. There was more to Einstein’s life though, than being a brilliant physicist and household name. When he wasn’t making revolutionary scientific discoveries, Einstein was also a husband and a father.
- [They Call Him Kukulkan: The Feathered Serpent God](https://www.historydefined.net/kukulkan/) - In Black Panther: Wakanda Forever, M’Baku (played by Winston Duke) delivers a line about the film’s antagonist, Namor (played by Tenoch Huerta). It was delivered in such a way that it stuck with the crowds who saw the film “They do not call him general, or king; they call him Kukulkan, the Feathered Serpent God.”
- [Gladys Roy and Ivan Unger’s Game of Sky Tennis](https://www.historydefined.net/gladys-roy/) - Gladys Roy was an aviation daredevil. She made a name for herself doing incredible stunts that would terrify the average person. She was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1896. She had five siblings, including three brothers who all grew up to become airline pilots for Northwest Airlines (which merged with Delta in 2010). This seemingly
- [29 colorized videos that bring the past to life](https://www.historydefined.net/colorized-videos-that-bring-the-past-to-life/) - Take a look at some of our favorite examples of colorized footage from throughout history. The Flying Train, Germany, 1902 Views of Tokyo, Japan, 1913-1915 San Francisco, a Trip down Market Street, April 14, 1906 A Trip Through the Streets of Amsterdam, 1922 Laborers in Victorian England, 1901 A Trip Through Paris, France in late
- [Edwin Booth: How John Wilkes Booth's brother saved Lincoln's son](https://www.historydefined.net/edwin-booth/) - In April of 1865, the American Civil War was coming to a close. A disgruntled actor took it upon himself to support his cause by assassinating the President of the United States. But sometime between 1864 and early 1865, a great historical irony occurred. The inverse situation occurred between two members of the Lincoln and
- [Finding a $4 Dollar Declaration of Independence in a picture frame](https://www.historydefined.net/4-dollar-declaration-of-independence/) - In July of 1776, bells rang out across the country as criers publicly read the text of one of the most important documents in American history: the Declaration of Independence. Its publication would precede a global war that resulted in the founding of a new nation. It inspired thousands to participate in the fight for
- [26 Iconic commercials from the 1980s](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-commercials-from-the-1980s/) - TV ads from the past, especially those from the 1980s, hold a special place in many people's hearts, often evoking strong feelings of nostalgia. This sentiment has given rise to popular YouTube channels that archive these commercials. With their distinct visuals and jingles, these ads instantly transport viewers back to their childhood or younger years.
- [Battle of Teutoburg Forest: How a Germanic Prince Defeated Rome](https://www.historydefined.net/battle-of-teutoburg/) - The Battle of Teutoburg Forest is perhaps one of the most consequential battles in the history of the Western world. Also known as the Varian Disaster, the battle saw Germanic tribesmen led by a Roman-trained general decimate three legions of Roman soldiers. A group that the Romans deemed barbaric and uncivilized would use guerrilla warfare
- [Bellerophon: The Lesser Known Hero of Greek Mythology](https://www.historydefined.net/bellerophon/) - Bellerophon, whose original name was Hipponous, is a mythical Greek character. He became a great hero, equivalent to Hercules or Perseus. He was born of Poseidon and Eurymone, the daughter of the King of Megara. Eurymone also married King Glaukos, son of Sisyphus. This ties Bellerophon to another major character of Greek mythology. Sisyphus was
- [Angrboda: The Mysterious Mother of Norse Monsters](https://www.historydefined.net/angrboda/) - Norse mythology has persisted in the Western canon for hundreds of years because of its well-crafted stories and intriguing characters, many of which have been adapted into other stories. The World Tree, Yggdrasil, supports the universe on its branches and roots. It has been stylized throughout the ages in different cultures. Ragnarok, the prophesied end
- [How Bobbi Gibb Upended Professional Running](https://www.historydefined.net/bobbi-gibb/) - Sometimes a person appears who decidedly upends entire systems of thought. They encourage others to reconsider what they thought they knew. Bobbi Gibb is one of those people. She dedicated over 50 years of her life to battling misogyny in sports and shifting the perception that women are less physically capable than men when it
- [Jörmungandr, the world serpent who killed Thor at Ragnarok](https://www.historydefined.net/jormungandr/) - Seen as a key villain in Norse mythology, the Jörmungandr was a large sea serpent resembling a worm. The Jörmungandr, also known in history as the Midgard Serpent or World Serpent, was the arch nemesis of Thor, the god of thunder. The Birth of the Jörmungandr The universe of Norse mythology had nine realms. These
- [The Empire State Building Plane Crash of 1945](https://www.historydefined.net/new-york-city-skyscraper-plane-crash/) - The Empire State Building has long been the pinnacle of the New York City skyline. And like the rest of the city, it has a deep, fascinating history - one that many have never heard of. Hidden within its towering facade lies a remarkable tale. It is one of both tragedy and resilience that reverberated
- [MK Ultra: Mind Control, LSD, and CIA Secret Experiments](https://www.historydefined.net/mk-ultra/) - MK Ultra was a 2022 film starring Anson Mount and Jason Patric. In the movie, a psychiatrist by the name of Ford Strauss is sent to a Mississippi mental institution. There, he becomes involved in a CIA experiment and conspiracy to test psychedelic drugs and other mind-controlling substances on his patients. While many aspects of
- [A Look at Ancient Weaponry: The Shotel Sword](https://www.historydefined.net/shotel-sword/) - Ancient weaponry certainly holds its own space in history. Each country and culture created specialized tools of great importance. The design and success of a culture’s weaponry signified a degree of wealth and status. Let's take a closer look at one called the shotel. Origins of the Shotel The curved, sickle-shaped sword, called a shotel, originated
- [Excalibur: The Legendary Sword of King Arthur](https://www.historydefined.net/excalibur/) - The Excalibur is a mythical sword. It is associated with King Arthur and his compilation of medieval stories. The legendary Excalibur was believed to hold ultimate power to its rightful master, but plague anyone else who attempted to use it. The Arthurian Legend To introduce the famous Excalibur we must first recognize the series of
- [Simo Häyhä, The Deadliest Sniper in History](https://www.historydefined.net/simo-hayha/) - The Winter War, also dubbed the Russo-Finnish War of 1939, was between the Soviet Union and Finland at the beginning of World War II. Finland believed the Soviet Union wanted to expand into its territory. But on the other hand, the Soviet Union feared that Finland would allow itself to be used as a base
- [Baron Samedi: Haitian Father of the Underworld](https://www.historydefined.net/baron-samedi/) - Baron Samedi is an important spirit in the African diasporic religion of Haitian Voodoo. The Baron is a Loa. In Haitian culture, this means that he is a spirit that is responsible for assisting humans in the transition between the human world and the afterlife. Haitian Voodoo Haitian Voodoo (or Vodou) is a mixture of
- [Pavlov’s Dog: The Power of Classical Conditioning](https://www.historydefined.net/pavlovs-dog/) - In the realm of human psychology, few names stand out as prominently as Ivan Pavlov. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Ivan Pavlov embarked on a scientific journey to understand conditioning and behavior. These experiments led to his discovery of classical conditioning represented by an infamous dog that would drool when a bell
- [Centaurs: The Line Between Human and Beast](https://www.historydefined.net/centaurs/) - The half-man, half-horse creature known as the Centaur is one of the most famous beings in Greek mythology. It is a creature whose lower body and legs are that of a horse. And their torso and upper body are that of a human. They represented the realm between humans and nature. Indeed, the Centaur was
- [The Jim Twins: Separated at Birth, Identical Lives](https://www.historydefined.net/jim-twins/) - The story of the Jim Twins, Jim Lewis and Jim Springer, is a captivating narrative. It not only defies the imagination but also brings to the forefront one of the most enduring debates in the realms of science and psychology: the nature versus nurture conundrum. Their extraordinary tale, which unfolded in the late 1970s, serves
- [America's First Billionaire: John D. Rockefeller](https://www.historydefined.net/john-d-rockefeller/) - John D. Rockefeller is still a name synonymous with vast wealth and unparalleled influence. To this day he remains an icon of American business history. His life story is a testament to the remarkable heights one can reach through tough business strategies and unwavering determination. In this article, we delve into the life and business
- [Neerja Bhanot: A Remarkable Tale of Bravery and Selflessness](https://www.historydefined.net/neerja-bhanot/) - Flight attendants have to put up with a lot during their job. From dealing with unruly passengers to managing emergencies, they often have to go above and beyond to keep everyone happy. In the case of Neerja Bhanot, a flight attendant serving on Pan Am Flight 73, her dedication and commitment to the well-being of
- [The Hagia Sophia: The iconic landmark across centuries](https://www.historydefined.net/the-hagia-sophia/) - In the midst of the vibrant city of Istanbul stands a structure with a history so storied and at times controversial that it’s almost unbelievable. Both an architectural marvel and a location of religious significance for multiple religions, Hagia Sophia is more than just stone and mortar. It has been a place of inspiration and
- [Pradyumna Kumar Mahanandia: The man who cycled across the world for love](https://www.historydefined.net/pradyumna-kumar-mahanandia/) - Pradyumna Kumar Mahanandia is an artist best known for his epic love story. In 1977, he traveled over seven thousand miles from India to Sweden to reunite with his wife - and he covered most of that distance on a second-hand bicycle. "Everything you are looking for, really is inside you. Your inner vision has
- [Iconic Propaganda posters throughout history](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-propaganda-posters-throughout-history/) - Propaganda posters have long served as powerful tools for shaping public opinion and rallying support for various causes, particularly during times of conflict and political upheaval. These visually striking and emotionally charged artworks blend artistry with persuasive messaging, aiming to influence perceptions, inspire action, and convey ideologies. From the iconic wartime posters of the early
- [Heracleion: The ancient Egyptian city lost to the sea](https://www.historydefined.net/heracleion/) - Almost everyone has heard of Atlantis. The mythical tale of the fabled continent with its advanced civilization, lost beneath the Atlantic Ocean. Or of El Dorado, the legendary city of gold hidden deep within the South American jungles. Lost cities have long captivated our collective imagination. Yet, there is one lost city that gets overlooked.
- [The Mystery Behind D.B. Cooper: Skyjacking and Stolen Money](https://www.historydefined.net/d-b-cooper/) - The mysterious figure of D.B. Cooper and the perplexing case that surrounds him have fascinated and baffled both investigators and the public for decades. It all began on the night of November 24, 1971. An individual who would later be famously dubbed "D.B. Cooper" boarded a Boeing 727 bound for Seattle, Washington, departing from Portland,
- [Carlos Hathcock: The Legendary Sniper of the Vietnam War](https://www.historydefined.net/carlos-hathcock/) - The story of Carlos Hathcock has been passed down from Marine to Marine for the last 50 years. His missions and accomplishments continue to captivate both military enthusiasts and history buffs long after his death. With a record of 93 confirmed kills, Hathcock's legacy has left an indelible mark on the annals of military history.
- [What are the best history books of 2023?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-are-the-best-history-books-of-2023/) - During 2023, the landscape of historical literature was enriched by a diverse range of compelling and insightful books. These publications, hailed as some of the best history books of the year, stand out for their thorough research, engaging narratives, and innovative perspectives on past events. 1) Black Ball: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Spencer Haywood, and the Generation
- [The Strange, Sad Life of Colonel Sanders](https://www.historydefined.net/the-strange-sad-life-of-colonel-sanders/) - From poverty-ridden beginnings to business success, learn more about the complicated and interesting history of Colonel Harland David Sanders.
- [Lydia Litvyak: The daring female Soviet fighter ace](https://www.historydefined.net/lydia-litvyak/) - Within the cockpit of her Yakovlev Yak-1, it’s possible that most of Lydia Litvyak’s enemies had little idea that it was a woman that would be their downfall. In a men-dominated field, Lydia Litvyak was as deadly a fighter pilot as any. Her career was short but bright, and even after her death, she would
- [JRR Tolkien and the creation of Middle Earth](https://www.historydefined.net/jrr-tolkien-and-the-creation-of-middle-earth/) - From the sprawling fields of Rohan to the white spires of Minas Tirith, Middle Earth is so familiar, and so fully formed, that sometimes it’s hard to comprehend that it isn’t real. J.R.R Tolkien set out to write just a simple children’s book about a little Hobbit going on an adventure, and in the process,
- [Feodor Vassilyev: The man who fathered 69 children](https://www.historydefined.net/feodor-vassilyev/) - One child can be a handful, and each additional one adds more responsibility and even stress on even the most even-keeled of parents. Families can come in all sorts of sizes, but eventually, a lot of parents ask themselves “How many kids are too many?”. For the Vassilyev family, the answer was quite unique. For
- [The most famous shipwrecks in history](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-famous-shipwrecks-in-history/) - Shipwrecks–there’s something infinitely fascinating about them. Whether it be a wreck as famous as the Titanic or the lesser-known shipwrecks of the Great Lakes, every single one of them is interesting. These shipwrecks have spawned books, movies, and even songs like Gordon Lightfoot’s “The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald”. Maritime history is full to the
- [Garfield phones have been washing ashore in France for years](https://www.historydefined.net/garfield-phones-have-been-washing-ashore-in-france-for-years/) - During sunny, warm beach days, kids could be found on the shores of Brittany, France, dipping their feet in the water, building sandcastles, looking for seashells… And finding bright orange Garfield heads, buried in the sand among a graveyard of phone cords, receivers, and numerical buttons. You see, the beaches in Brittany didn’t just provide
- [Clovis I: The king who united the Franks](https://www.historydefined.net/clovis-i/) - In the world of medieval Europe, there were many kingdoms that rose and fell, shaping the course of history both in their existence and in their destruction. In this time of kings and queens, some figures rose above the rest. One such figure is Clovis I, a king of France who is regarded as the
- [Why did ancient Greece decline?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-did-ancient-greece-decline/) - Few civilizations have had as much of an impact on the modern world as ancient Greece. Once a collection of city-states, Greece was a haven for art, intellectualism, and education. But like so many other mighty civilizations of the time, Greece’s meteoric rise could only be ended by an equally intense fall. The decline of
- [Amou Haji: The man who didn’t shower for 67 years](https://www.historydefined.net/amou-haji/) - Most people have experienced a time in their lives when showering might not have been the top priority. It could be because of a lack of time, forgetfulness, or just a lack of access to bathing facilities. A few days between bathing isn’t odd at all. It’s when you get up to a week or
- [Brenda Ann Spencer: A Bad Case of the Mondays ](https://www.historydefined.net/brenda-ann-spencer/) - Today, school shootings are something we have become all too familiar with, even numb to. But back in the 70s, school shootings were unheard of. Brenda Ann Spencer was a 16 year old student who lived across the street from Grover Cleveland Elementary School in San Diego. On the morning of January 29, 1979, she
- [Burke vs Bowen: The Longest Boxing Match in History](https://www.historydefined.net/burke-vs-bowen/) - During the late 19th century, America was going through a period of profound economic transformation. The Industrial Revolution was in full swing, cities were expanding rapidly, and the country was transitioning from an agrarian society to an industrial powerhouse. This era was also marked by significant financial turbulence, including the financial panics in 1884 and
- [Marburg Files: How the Duke of Windsor was Exposed](https://www.historydefined.net/marburg-files/) - It was April 1945 and World War II was winding down. Germany officially surrendered on May 7, 1954, and the next day was declared V-E Day or Victory in Europe Day. While patrolling certain parts of Germany, American troops chanced upon top-secret Nazi documents. The documents were brought to the Marburg Castle in Hesse, Germany,
- [Richard Kuklinski: Cold-Blooded Killer Known as the Iceman](https://www.historydefined.net/iceman/) - Richard Kuklinski was an American criminal known as the Iceman, an apt nickname for the cold-blooded murderer he was. Though he was convicted of four out of five counts of murder, he claimed to have killed between 100 and 200 men for which authorities couldn’t find proof. Many also dismissed Richard’s claims because he was
- [Justine Siegemund: The Mother of Obstetrics and Midwifery](https://www.historydefined.net/justine-siegemund/) - There was a time when only men could receive formal education, even in matters like obstetrics and gynecology. Though women had more firsthand experience in childbirth, the male perspective always prevailed. However, that changed when Justine Siegemund proved herself in the field of midwifery and became an irrefutable authority on the subject. Justine wrote The
- [Göbekli Tepe: A Showcase of Early Man’s Architectural Skills](https://www.historydefined.net/gobekli-tepe/) - Today’s architectural marvels are because of technology, equipment, and years of study in architecture and engineering. But how do you explain the great architectural wonders of the past? They didn’t have the technology or the academic knowledge but they still made some awe-inspiring structures that have stood the test of time. An excellent case in
- [Rat Kings: Untangling their disturbing legend](https://www.historydefined.net/rat-king/) - In the darkest, weirdest corners of folklore, a phenomenon known as the ‘rat king’ emerges. It is a fascinatingly disturbing creature composed of many squealing, wiggling rats held together by a bunch of tangled tails. It is both captivating and repulsive, a visual representation of nature's ability to create chaos. Historically, rat kings are considered
- [50 Women Who Transformed History](https://www.historydefined.net/50-women-who-transformed-history/) - Plenty of extraordinary individuals have deeply shaped, influenced, and transformed the world around us. Despite history’s tendency to focus on men, many remarkable women have also made their mark. Looking closer, we uncover thousands of stories of women whose contributions reverberate across time, from ancient civilizations to the modern day. These unsung heroines defied societal
- [The Strange Life of Blanche Dumas](https://www.historydefined.net/the-strange-life-of-blanche-dumas/) - Blanche Dumas was a woman of extraordinary physical attributes. She defied societal norms and transformed her unconventional existence into a captivating tale. She was born in the 19th century with dipygus. This meant that she boasted two fully functional vaginas, as well as four breasts and three legs. She certainly captivated the imaginations of onlookers.
- [The Story of the Historical and Fictional Uhtred of Bebbanburg](https://www.historydefined.net/uhtred-of-bebbanburg/) - Uhtred of Bebbanburg is a significant figure from the Anglo-Saxon period. After his death, a blood feud began which lasted for generations. Uhtred ruled Bamburgh as the ealdorman (a chief officer of a district during Anglo-Saxon England) of Northumbria from 1006 to 1016. But is he a real hero like the television series The Last
- [Olmec Colossal Heads: Everything You Need to Know](https://www.historydefined.net/olmec-colossal-heads/) - The Olmec civilization is counted amongst the first major ‘cradles’ of civilizations in the world. It developed in the low-lying lands of Southeast Mexico. The Olmecs were believed to have existed between 1200 Before Common Era (BCE) and 500 Common Era (CE). While little is known about the civilization itself, the Olmec Colossal Heads found
- [Bumpy Johnson: The Godfather of Harlem](https://www.historydefined.net/bumpy-johnson/) - It was rare for Black people to rise to power during the time of segregation. But against all odds, Bumpy Johnson somehow managed to do so. Between the 1950s and the 1960s, he was the most powerful man in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. Though he was arrested dozens of times, Bumpy always
- [Diet of Worms: The Birth of Lutheranism and Protestantism](https://www.historydefined.net/diet-of-worms/) - No, the Diet of Worms is not a literal consumption of worms — although that wouldn’t be too bad since they are a great source of protein and macronutrients! The Diet of Worms was actually an assembly of Catholic leaders in 1521 to discuss the unorthodox opinions of Martin Luther, a German religious leader. The
- [The Turbulent Life of Cocaine Smuggler Barry Seal ](https://www.historydefined.net/barry-seal/) - Pilots enjoy easy cross-border access. Barry Seal realized that it was also advantageous for a career in smuggling guns and drugs. He wasted no time in using his job for illegal activities that made him renowned as an American smuggler. He was so renowned that a movie was made about him. Let us take a
- [The Thirty Years’ War: Catholics Vs. Protestants](https://www.historydefined.net/thirty-years-war/) - The Church is supposed to be about love and worship. So, how did it end up in the middle of a war that lasted for three decades? The Thirty Years’ War is considered one of the most devastating wars in Central Europe. It caused the death of 4 to 12 million people from 1618 to
- [The Harrowing Story Behind the Photograph of 'Whipped Peter'](https://www.historydefined.net/whipped-peter/) - The history of American slavery is a dark, difficult period in the nation’s past. However, there exists a figure whose experience transcends mere words - a visceral and deeply evocative visual testimony to the cruelty endured by enslaved individuals. Whipped Peter is an anonymous figure whose suffering and resilience have been etched into history through
- [How and why did Marie Antoinette die?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-and-why-did-marie-antoinette-die/) - There is something about the execution of a monarch that sticks in people's minds for hundreds of years. To go from the highest position in society to the guillotine seems almost unreal, but this was the fate of French queen Marie Antoinette. The French Revolution swept through the country like an unavoidable tide, taking the
- [Untangling the life of Emperor Nero](https://www.historydefined.net/untangling-the-life-of-emperor-nero/) - Ancient Rome was full of huge personalities. Just like in modern times, there are people in power who do their job and aren’t really all that entertaining, while others are so bold and inflammatory that we can’t stop talking about them. It was the same for Rome–maybe even more so. Rulers came and went, but
- [Adolfo Kaminsky: The forger who saved thousands of Jews](https://www.historydefined.net/adolfo-kaminsky/) - Among the horrors of something like World War II, it can be hard to remember that there were heroes who rose up to help others. Because of the secretive nature that was required to help the Jewish people during WWII, a lot of these heroes were never identified and have faded into history, unnamed. Adolfo
- [How the June rebellion of 1832 inspired Les Miserables](https://www.historydefined.net/how-the-june-rebellion-inspired-les-miserables/) - It was 43 years after the storming of the Bastille that the stirrings of another rebellion, the June Rebellion of 1832, reached a fever pitch and became a true movement. While the rebellion ultimately failed and is overshadowed by the enormous impact of the earlier French Revolution, the June Rebellion of 1832 still left its
- [The strange disappearance of YouTuber Kenny Veach](https://www.historydefined.net/kenny-veach/) - YouTube has become somewhat of a haven for adventurers to share their stories and the strange things they might find. Most of the time, these sorts of channels and content creators are harmless entertainment. But other times, these adventures can turn deadly. Kenny Veach, 47, was better known by his fans by his YouTube handle,
- [The Life and Times of Pop Artist Andy Warhol](https://www.historydefined.net/life-of-andy-warhol/) - In May of 1962, the relatively unknown pop artist Andy Warhol was featured in Time magazine with his painting, “Big Campbell's Soup Can with Can Opener (Vegetable).” That became Warhol's first painting displayed in a museum, exhibited at the Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, Connecticut in July of 1962. On July 9, 1962, Warhol's Campbell's Soup
- [The Legend of the Fearsome Creature La Lechuza](https://www.historydefined.net/la-lechuza/) - Deep in the deserts of the Southwest and Northern Mexico, there is said to live a creature that has been feeding on the blood of animals and humans alike for the past several centuries. A monster that’s part bird, and part-woman. It is so powerful that once it sets its beady eyes on you, there
- [The Iconic Mad Jack Churchill: World War II Commando](https://www.historydefined.net/mad-jack-churchill/) - In all of military history, there has never been another figure quite like the audacious and eccentric Mad Jack Churchill. He was a British Commando of World War II acclaim, whose extraordinary exploits have been recounted many times. He was known for charging into battle armed with a longbow, bagpipes blaring, and his resolve never wavering.
- [Tilikum the Killer Whale: A Tragic and Violent Life](https://www.historydefined.net/tilikum/) - Few animals have gained the kind of fame – and notoriety – as the orca known as Tilikum. He was captured off the coast of Iceland at the age of two. He was then held in captivity for the rest of his 35 years of life. Most of that time was spent in Orlando, performing
- [Serial Killer Jeffrey Dahmer's Infamous Glasses on sale for $150,000](https://www.historydefined.net/jeffrey-dahmers-glasses/) - With the release of Netflix’s wildly popular “Monster: The Jeffrey Dahmer Story” in September 2022, there is perhaps no serial killer more famous right now. The series brings to life the gruesome crimes committed by Jeffrey Dahmer before he was finally caught and sent to life in prison in 1991, where he was ultimately killed
- [The World of Marshall Applewhite: UFOs, Suicide, and Cults](https://www.historydefined.net/marshall-applewhite/) - On March 26, 1997, the San Diego police received a disturbing call from someone who had just discovered 39 dead bodies in a mansion located in a luxurious gated community. As the police descended on the mansion it soon became clear that within this nondescript house, something sinister had taken place. Laid out before them
- [History of the Spanish Donkey Torture Device](https://www.historydefined.net/spanish-donkey/) - At first glance, the so-called Spanish Donkey may not seem menacing. But take a closer look. It was shaped like a pommel horse in gymnastics, but with a pointed triangular edge facing upwards. This device’s shape ensured that its victims received a gruesomely agonizing experience. Used first in Medieval Europe, particularly during the Spanish Inquisition,
- [The Self-Immolation and Protest of Thích Quảng Đức](https://www.historydefined.net/thich-quang-duc/) - There are few images more moving and more influential than that of Thich Quang Duc and his symbolic self-immolation. In the turbulent landscape of early 1960s South Vietnam, this poignant moment of protest left the world both astonished and captivated. Thich Quang Duc was a devoted Buddhist monk, living in a nation torn by turmoil
- [Kowloon Walled City: An overcrowded den of lawlessness](https://www.historydefined.net/kowloon-walled-city/) - Very few places on the planet are genuinely lawless, but for a long time, one of these rule-free enclaves existed within Kowloon City. Known as Kowloon Walled City, this place was not only free of governing bodies but was also thought by many to be the most densely populated place on earth. At its peak,
- [The Legend of the Elusive Florida Skunk Ape](https://www.historydefined.net/florida-skunk-ape/) - Covering large swaths of central and south Florida, the Everglades is a very special sub-tropical ecosystem. There are two million acres of habitat that includes cypress swamps, wet prairies, and miles and miles of mangroves. Within this immense watery land exist a number of endemic and rarely-seen species. For example, turtles, alligators, and snakes crawl
- [What Were the Most Common Causes of Death in Ancient Greece and Rome?](https://www.historydefined.net/death-in-ancient-greece-and-rome/) - Learn more about the most common causes of death in ancient Greece and Rome and how they compare to causes of death today.
- [Gibbeting: A History of a Gruesome Form of Public Execution](https://www.historydefined.net/gibbeting/) - It’s immediately clear from even a brief reading of history that humans have long had a knack for devising methods of torture and execution. Imagine a world where the fate of criminals extended far beyond the gallows. Where the condemned found themselves trapped in a metal cage, hanging in chains for all to see. This
- [The Disturbing Case of the Freeway Phantom](https://www.historydefined.net/freeway-phantom/) - Many mysteries are eventually solved and the truth is uncovered. But some mysteries linger like restless ghosts, haunting our collective consciousness and challenging our understanding. Among these cases stands the haunting tale of the Freeway Phantom. This was a serial killer who struck fear into the heart of Washington, D.C. during the early 1970s. Victim
- [The Cruel World of Drug Lord, Griselda Blanco](https://www.historydefined.net/griselda-blanco/) - In the world of drug traffickers, several men stand out as almost mythical figures – Pablo Escobar and Joaquin “El Chapo” Guzman to name two of the most famous. But do you know who gave Pablo Escobar his start? Do you know who was the first narco trafficker to send cocaine into the United States?
- [How American Serial Killer, Israel Keyes Was Finally Caught](https://www.historydefined.net/israel-keyes/) - On February 1, 2012, 18-year-old Samantha Koenig was working a shift at a coffee stand in Anchorage, Alaska when a man walked in, pointed a gun to her head, and told her to come with him. As the security footage shows, Samantha immediately obeyed, putting her hands up and coming out from behind the counter.
- [31 Iconic Photos Of The Great Depression](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-photos-of-the-great-depression/) - The Great Depression was not merely a financial crisis but a seismic global event that reshaped the 20th century. Beginning with the infamous stock market crash of 1929 and stretching throughout the 1930s, this period saw the world stagger under unparalleled economic hardship. Defining the Great Depression solely by the financial panic that gripped the
- [The Tragic Life and Execution of Joe Arridy](https://www.historydefined.net/joe-arridy/) - The fact that Joe Arridy was innocent couldn’t save him from being executed for the rape and murder of two local teenage girls whom he had never met. It was January 6, 1939, and the mentally challenged 23-year-old, who had an IQ of 46, apparently had a hard time grasping what it meant to die.
- [The Dutch East India Company, the most valuable corporation in history](https://www.historydefined.net/the-dutch-east-india-company/) - The Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, or VOC) was the most valuable corporation in history. It was founded in 1602 to trade mainly in spices and quickly became the most influential company in the world. The company had a 21-year monopoly granted by the Dutch government on many of the world's markets and
- [The Myth of the Lost Continent of Lemuria](https://www.historydefined.net/the-lost-continent-of-lemuria/) - In the 1800s, some scientists posited that there existed a continent in the Indian Ocean. They believe that on this lost continent, which they had named Lemuria, lived an extinct human race called Lemurians. These species of humans had four arms and large, hermaphroditic bodies and are generally regarded as the progenitors of the human
- [Hollywood's Most Famous Lavender Marriages](https://www.historydefined.net/hollywoods-most-famous-lavender-marriages/) - Today, the idea of homosexuality and having a private life with the same sex is normal. But it wasn't always like this. There was a time when actors, actresses, and anyone with non-heterosexual preferences had them a secret. Those caught were treated as outcasts, and their careers suffered considerably. To ensure that no one suspected
- [Crimean War: Balancing Europe on the Point of a Gun](https://www.historydefined.net/crimean-war/) - The Crimean War, only a portion of which involved combat on the Crimean Peninsula, pitted Imperial Russia against the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, and France. It eventually involved Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia as well. Led by Great Britain and France, they saw themselves as balancing the great Russian bear. The war ended in
- [How the Soviet Union Managed to Spy on the U.S. Ambassador: The Great Seal Bug](https://www.historydefined.net/great-seal-bug/) - In the shadowy world of international espionage, few incidents have captured the public imagination quite like the Compromise of the Great Seal. What ensued was a high-stakes spying scandal featuring covert operations, international diplomacy, and technological innovation. The “Thing” has captivated those who have learned about it ever since. The Soviet Union's brazen planting of
- [Rollo: The Viking Leader Who Became the Duke of Normandy](https://www.historydefined.net/rollo-the-viking/) - Rollo was a Viking leader who settled Normandy. He set the stage for the merging of Viking and Frankish cultures. As the great-great-great-grandfather of William the Conqueror, Rollo’s legacy includes far more than raiding and pillaging. He established a royal bloodline that, centuries later, would create a bitter rivalry between Britain and France that would
- [The Great Dionysia](https://www.historydefined.net/great-dionysia/) - The world of Ancient Greece was steeped in religious and cultural traditions of all kinds. Festivals and rituals played a central role in everyday life. The Great Dionysia was one such festival. In ancient Athens, the celebration was a time of revelry, theater, and religious devotion. For several days each spring, the city would come
- [The Flotas and Galeones: Bringing the Riches of the New World to Spain](https://www.historydefined.net/flotas-and-galeones/) - The Spanish fleet was a symbol of power, wealth, and prestige. It was the foremost symbol of the greatest superpower the world had ever seen - the Spanish Empire. For centuries, the Spanish treasure fleet, with its flotas and galeones, transported European goods to its colonies and returned with vast quantities of gold and silver.
- [Who Was Vasily Blokhin? The Prolific Soviet Executioner](https://www.historydefined.net/vasily-blokhin/) - Within one of history's darkest eras, a figure emerged whose name would become synonymous with cruelty, efficiency, and death: Vasily Blokhin, the chief executioner of the Soviet Union. Blokhin is widely acknowledged and infamous for the title of the most prolific executioner in recorded world history. And for good reason. Amidst the shadowy corridors of
- [The Tragic and Exploitative History of Human Zoos](https://www.historydefined.net/human-zoos/) - During a time when slavery had been abolished in most of the world, human zoos remained a popular attraction for millions of Europeans and Americans. They flocked to exhibits showing groups of dark-skinned people from Africa, Asia, and North America surrounded by trappings that were supposed to represent their “natural environment.” Most of these cruel
- [The Kalmar Union: A Brief History of a United Scandinavia](https://www.historydefined.net/kalmar-union/) - Long before the European Union, there was the Kalmar Union. It was a grand experiment in middle-age Scandinavian diplomacy. For over a century, three kingdoms – Denmark, Norway, and Sweden – were united under the same king, bound together by promises of peace and prosperity. It was an era of both great potential and great
- [Pictures of 38 celebrities when they were kids](https://www.historydefined.net/pictures-of-celebrities-when-they-were-kids/) - Have you ever been curious about what famous people looked like before they were famous? In this article, we go back in time to see old pictures of famous people when they were younger. We will show you their old school pictures and the first pictures of them when they started acting or singing. It's
- [The Miraculous Escape of Robert Smalls: From Slave to Hero](https://www.historydefined.net/robert-smalls/) - The incredible life of Robert Smalls is a story of courage and daring. Smalls was born into slavery in the South in the 1800s. He rose from humble beginnings to become a naval hero, a political pioneer, and a champion for civil rights. But it was his incredible escape from the chains of enslavement that
- [Who were the 10 greatest Roman generals?](https://www.historydefined.net/greatest-roman-generals/) - Evaluating generalship is often a practice of choosing arbitrary values to rank. Military historians will argue infinitely over the relative merits of one leader over another. Ranking Roman generals is not immune to this kind of controversy. Sun Tzu provides us with some guidance: “Therefore the skillful leader subdues the enemy's troops without any fighting;
- [Life of Fernando Ortiz: Cuban Anthropologist and Writer](https://www.historydefined.net/fernando-ortiz/) - In 2008, some of the unfinished manuscripts of Cuban anthropologist, historian, and musicologist, Fernando Ortiz were published posthumously as La Virgen de la Caridad del Cobre. Historia y etnografía. This work, which deals with Cuba’s patron saint, was devoured by readers all over the island. The book flew off the shelves of bookstores – a
- [The Painful Birth and Revolution of Modern France](https://www.historydefined.net/revolution-modern-france/) - In the long and storied history of France, the year 1789 is a demarcation line between the Old Order and what we now know as the modern country. It was a year marked by widespread hunger, protests, violence, and change. It was a year in which centuries-old concepts of social and political institutions were destroyed
- [The Legendary Story of the Warrior Chief, Shaka Zulu](https://www.historydefined.net/shaka-zulu/) - Part myth, part legend, the African warrior-chief known as Shaka Zulu transformed the Zulu people. This was a relatively small and insignificant tribe. And he turned them into one of the most savage and well-trained war machines in African history. To some, Shaka was a nation-builder. He was a uniter of Black people. A bringer
- [Are Humans Hard-Wired for Religion? The “God Module”](https://www.historydefined.net/god-module/) - Social scientists and philosophers have long argued that “god” is nothing more than a construct of the primitive human mind. A result of the fundamental need to explain the unexplainable. But could it be that a specific area of the brain is responsible for triggering spiritual and religious thoughts? Could humankind’s relationship with “god” be
- [The 5 Most Unbelievable Spy Stories of World War II](https://www.historydefined.net/spy-stories/) - World War II was a period of intense espionage and covert operations. Both the Allied and Axis powers employed thousands of spies to gather critical information, sabotage enemy efforts, and gain an advantage. The world of intelligence has always been shrouded in mystery and intrigue, and the stories of World War II spies are no
- [Rube Waddell: The Legendary Pennsylvania Sousepaw](https://www.historydefined.net/rube-waddell/) - One of the most legendary pitchers to ever throw a baseball would have rather spent his time fishing, and often did. Rube Waddell was an eccentric person, had an interesting and varied career, and pitched some of the most record-breaking games of baseball ever. A Rocky Start Waddell began his career in 1897 when the Louisville Colonels
- [The Shocking Story of the Bloody Benders](https://www.historydefined.net/bloody-benders/) - The shocking tale of the Bloody Benders, America's first serial killer family. Discover their gruesome crimes and how they were finally caught.
- [Who was the Greek God Morpheus?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-was-greek-god-morpheus/) - Morpheus is one of the lesser-known Greek gods. He was associated with sleep and dreams. Ovid The first surviving literary reference to Morpheus is found in Metamorphoses, the magnum opus of the Roman poet Ovid. The title translates to Transformations. Born Publius Ovidius Naso in the year 43 BC, Ovid dedicated decades of his life
- [Who is the Greek God Ares?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-is-the-greek-god-ares/) - Ares is the Greek god of war. Battle personified, Ares represented many of the more gruesome aspects of warfare. Unlike his sister Athena, who was associated with calm strategy, Ares was all battle frenzy and violence. He wasn’t particularly popular with the Greeks, and even his family disliked him. He found much more success with
- [Who is the Greek God Apollo?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-is-the-greek-god-apollo/) - Apollo was a god revered by both the Greeks and the Romans. He is the only one of the pantheon to be called by the same name in both cultures. He was seen as the perfect man: wise, powerful, and eternally young. Apollo was peaceful - at least, more so than most of the volatile
- [Longyou Caves: Another wonder of the world](https://www.historydefined.net/longyou-caves/) - The Longyou Caves in Zhejiang, China are one of the little-known wonders of the world. This complex of ancient man-made caves was discovered over thirty years ago. It has since become a popular tourist attraction, but the original purpose of these massive caverns remains a mystery. Discovering the Longyou Caves For centuries, villagers living near
- [The Disturbing Story of Edward Paisnel: The Beast of Jersey](https://www.historydefined.net/edward-paisnel/) - Edward Paisnel became known as the “Beast of Jersey” after it was discovered that he had kidnapped and raped at least a dozen children on the tiny British Isle of Jersey between 1957 and 1971. He snatched young women off the street, snuck into boys' and girls’ bedrooms at night, and wore a gruesome-looking rubber
- [Bimini Road: Geological Wonder or Road to the Lost City of Atlantis?](https://www.historydefined.net/bimini-road/) - In the depths of the crystalline Bahamian waters lies a mystery that has captivated the imagination of researchers, adventurers, and dreamers alike. This is the enigmatic Bimini Road. It stretches across the ocean floor off the coast of North Bimini Island. This perplexing underwater rock formation has for decades sparked intense debate over its origins.
- [A History of the League of Nations](https://www.historydefined.net/league-of-nations/) - The League of Nations was a coalition of major countries. They came together to resolve crises that arose during and after the First World War. It was proposed by the victorious Allies. The Allies consisted of Great Britain, France, the Russian Empire, Portugal, Japan, and Italy. Their goal was to bring peace and equality to
- [A History of the Thermidorian Reaction](https://www.historydefined.net/thermidorian-reaction/) - On July 27, 1794, the Jacobin leader Maximilian Robespierre was finally arrested. He led a Reign of Terror that resulted in the deaths of thousands of people. After months of marching suspected royalists to the guillotine, it would soon be his turn to face the same fate as so many others. At first, he managed
- [11 Cases of Psychological Warfare Throughout History](https://www.historydefined.net/psychological-warfare/) - When people talk about war, they immediately relate it to the use of guns and other available weapons at the time. While this is not necessarily incorrect, war is not limited to one type of physical violence. Guns and ammunition are just one element of war. It also involves complex political strategies and intricate tactical
- [Life as a Ball Turret Gunner in World War Two](https://www.historydefined.net/ball-turret-gunner/) - Serving on a bomber in World War Two was almost a guaranteed death sentence. Depending on the unit and time of the war, US bomber crews could experience anywhere from 50% to just over 70% of their personnel becoming killed, missing, or taken prisoner. With such appalling casualty counts, it is no wonder why those
- [The painful development of the Schmidt Sting Pain Index](https://www.historydefined.net/schmidt-sting-pain-index/) - The Schmidt pain index was created by entomologist Justin Schmidt to rank the degree of pain caused by the bites and stings of various insects. And how did he develop this scale? By subjecting himself to each and every bite and sting. And if that wasn’t enough, he wrote up delightfully descriptive summaries of each
- [The Battle of Waterloo: The End of the Napoleonic Era](https://www.historydefined.net/battle-of-waterloo/) - The Waterloo campaign of June 1815 was the last thrust of Napoleon Bonaparte, whose shadow loomed over European politics and war for almost two decades. The brilliant commander who triumphed again and again from Marengo to Austerlitz was a spent force, his best commanders dead or incapacitated. He was facing an enemy who had learned
- [Anthrax: Its Deadly and Dangerous Uses in History](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-anthrax/) - “You Can Not Stop Us. We Have This Anthrax. You Die Now. Are You Afraid? Death to America. Death to Israel. Allah is Great.” These lines were written on the face of an envelope sent to Senator Patrick Leahy in the aftermath of 9/11. Inside the envelope, the attackers stuffed a white powder that when
- [Why Did the Berlin Wall Fall? A Closer Look](https://www.historydefined.net/berlin-wall/) - The year 1989 was a revolutionary year for Europe. Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev was making radical changes in the United Socialist Soviet Republic (U.S.S.R.) The Soviet Union at that time included Russia and 14 other countries that were part of the Communist Bloc. His policies, Perestroika (reconstruction), and Glasnost (openness), were affecting Eastern Europe and
- [John Lee: The Man Who Couldn’t Hang](https://www.historydefined.net/john-lee/) - The death penalty no longer exists in most Western countries, including England. But in the 1800s, executions were a common form of capital punishment. While most people did not survive to tell the tale, one man named John Henry George Lee (also known as John “Babbacombe” Lee) survived three execution attempts. Poor Childhood, Big Dreams
- [Six of the Most Peculiar Beauty Trends Throughout History](https://www.historydefined.net/peculiar-beauty-trends/) - People have always gone to great lengths to look attractive through the centuries. All different cultures and eras have seen their fair share of truly bizarre, not to mention dangerous, beauty trends. Some are weirder than others. For example, the Renaissance era saw women using leeches to achieve a pale, "ghostly" appearance. Women in 19th-century
- [The Life of the Pirate John Ward](https://www.historydefined.net/pirate-john-ward/) - Every Halloween, a lot of children dress up as witches, superheroes, and pirates. But there’s one pirate that is beloved by a great number of people: Jack Sparrow. Jack Sparrow is the anti-hero protagonist of the Pirates of the Caribbean movies, famously played by Johnny Depp. But did you know that Jack Sparrow is based
- [Real or a Hoax? The Legend of Edward Mordrake](https://www.historydefined.net/edward-mordrake/) - Your face is often the most identifiable part of you - but what if you had two? Step into the shadows of a haunting legend that has been carried down throughout the ages: the enigma of Edward Mordrake. In the 19th century, a man with an inexplicable secret emerged. He captivated onlookers and the public
- [A Deadly Precision Weapon of Ancient Rome: The Plumbata](https://www.historydefined.net/plumbata/) - For as long as societies have fought and battled one another, the weapons they developed, relied upon and ultimately had to defend against have defined their deadly combat. In the realm of ancient warfare, one weapon in particular emerged. It embodied precision and deadly effectiveness—the plumbata. The plumbata was wielded by skilled Roman skirmishers. This
- [Edward Leedskalnin and His Mystical “Coral Castle”](https://www.historydefined.net/coral-castle/) - On the outskirts of Miami-Dade County, Florida, between the cities of Homestead and Leisure City, stands a network of architecture constructed from thousands of stones weighing several tons each. They are sculpted into a variety of shapes including slab walls, tables and chairs, a giant crescent moon, a water fountain, and a sundial. It is
- [The life and death of Joan of Arc](https://www.historydefined.net/joan-of-arc/) - Jeanne d'Arc - anglicized as Joan of Arc - is a famous French military leader born in 1412 and canonized by the Roman Catholic church in 1920. She is best known for rallying French troops and helping to turn the tide of the Hundred Years War. In doing so, she saved France from English rule.
- [Life and Legacy of Daniel Lambert: One of the Heaviest Men in History ](https://www.historydefined.net/daniel-lambert/) - Daniel Lambert might not be a name most people recognize today, but in late 18th century England he captured the hearts and imaginations of millions and became a national treasure. His fame comes from his remarkable weight and size, which, at 739 lbs, made him a literal giant amongst Georgian Era society. But he wasn’t
- [A look at Japan's tumultuous 19th century in photos](https://www.historydefined.net/japans-19th-century-in-photos/) - The 19th century was a period of significant transformation in Japan. The few photographs that exist provide a unique window into this fascinating period. These images offer a glimpse into a traditional culture that was rapidly evolving and capture the essence of daily life, showcasing the people, architecture, and customs of a nation undergoing rapid
- [6 Evil Things Done By Corporations Throughout History](https://www.historydefined.net/evil-things-done-by-corporations-throughout-history/) - Corporations getting in the crosshairs of regulatory battles is a typical scene. And if you've observed long enough, you'll find that regulatory issues and litigious blunders are part of the package. Hardly will you find any corporation that touts itself as a saint. However, some corporations live on the other divide. They're known for their
- [The Harlem Renaissance: Transforming the black identity in America](https://www.historydefined.net/harlem-renaissance/) - In the early 20th century, between the 1910s and the 1930s, a cultural revolution unfolded in Harlem. Originally designed for upper-class white residents, this neighborhood became an unexpected haven for black Americans. In Harlem, a period of artistic endeavors encompassing music, literature, and visual arts came to life This era, known as the Harlem Renaissance,
- [Dadaism: Origins of the literary and artistic movement](https://www.historydefined.net/origins-of-dadaism/) - Nothing has ever, or will ever, shake the world like World War I. Technology, which had been touted as something that would change the world for the better, was being used to kill people by the thousands instead. Just 150 miles outside of Paris, 120,000 Frenchmen were killed in a deadly German offensive. This led
- [Yellow Journalism: "Fake News" in the 19th century](https://www.historydefined.net/yellow-journalism/) - Saying that we have a tumultuous relationship with the media and journalism these days is an understatement. Every bit of news that comes out has its naysayers and those who insist that it just isn’t true. This distrust for journalism of all sorts isn’t new, though. In fact, it’s been around since the 1890s, and
- [Bonnie and Clyde's iconic death at the hand of law enforcement](https://www.historydefined.net/the-death-of-bonnie-and-clyde/) - On a crisp May morning, a little past 9 a.m., one of the most infamous crime duos that have ever existed was gunned down in a hail of bullets on a dusty Louisiana road. It was 1934, and Bonnie and Clyde had been terrorizing the American countryside, robbing banks and killing as they went, all
- [The most terrifying mythological creatures in history](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-terrifying-mythological-creatures-in-history/) - As long as humanity has existed, so have the shadowy corners of the human imagination. Some things terrify us on a primordial level, and in ancient times, these fears would sometimes morph into the forms of terrifying mythological creatures, ranging from child-snatching demons to the enemies of gods. Where there are people, there are mythological
- [Mehran Karimi Nasseri, The Man Who Lived in an Airport for 18 Years](https://www.historydefined.net/mehran-karimi-nasseri/) - A quick look at how Mehran Karimi Nasseri, an Iranian refugee, ended up a man without a country and lived in an airport terminal for 18 years.
- [Gettysburg: The Battle Lee Did not Need](https://www.historydefined.net/gettysburg/) - It all started with shoes. The reason Robert E. Lee sent General Harry Heth to Gettysburg on July 1, 1863, was to forage for footwear, which was rumored to be there. This search was emblematic of the South’s predicament in the US Civil War. It could not hope to win militarily in an attritional war
- [The Tragic Life of Marie Antoinette’s Best Friend](https://www.historydefined.net/princess-marie-de-lamballe/) - Marie Therese Louise did not meet Marie Antoinette until she was married at the age of seventeen to the Prince de Lamballe. She was already a young widow by the time she met the young Dauphine, Marie Antoinette. The two became fast friends and confidants and the Princess de Lamballe was made superintendent of the
- [The Wild Life and Adventures of Jules Verne](https://www.historydefined.net/jules-verne/) - Novelist, poet, playwright, and songwriter. Jules Verne was one of the most prolific writers in history. He was, no doubt, best known for his wildly-popular adventure novels, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, Journey to the Center of the Earth, Around the World in Eighty Days, and The Mysterious Island. Several of these were made into major motion pictures. Considered
- [The Life of Mansa Musa, The Richest Man in The World](https://www.historydefined.net/mansa-musa/) - Mansa Musa was the richest man in the world during his time and he left behind a legacy that is still talked about today.
- [9 of the Strangest last meals ever requested](https://www.historydefined.net/the-strangest-last-meals-ever-requested/) - Death row inmates have been making last requests for centuries. Some of the requests are mundane, while others are downright strange. In this blog post, we will look at nine of the strangest death row last requests. Some of these requests are shocking, and some are simply bizarre. Of course, not all requests were granted,
- [Frank Lucas, The Harlem Drug Lord Who Built a Heroin Empire](https://www.historydefined.net/frank-lucas/) - Frank Lucas was a prolific heroin dealer in New York in the 1970s, going toe-to-toe with the mafia and rumored to be making up to $1 million a day at some points. But how did the man with humble beginnings become such a gangster boss? It is often difficult to nail down facts about Lucas's
- [Tim Allen: The Santa Claus With a Drug Arrest](https://www.historydefined.net/tim-allen-arrest/) - Many known Tim Allen from the Santa Claus movies and as the voice of Buzz Lightyear in the Toy Story films. But did you know that he had a dark past? Allen was once arrested for carrying over a pound of cocaine in his bag. His mugshot continues to hound him to this day, even
- [Quiz: How Well Do You Know The American Revolution?](https://www.historydefined.net/american-revolution-quiz/) - The American Revolution was fought between the Americans in the Thirteen Colonies against their British overlords between 1765 and 1791. It resulted in the formation of the United States of America. Think you know a lot about it? Test your knowledge of the American Revolution! 5525 Created on June 30, 2023 By Carl Seaver American
- [30 Photos of Chernobyl Decades After The Nuclear Meltdown](https://www.historydefined.net/chernobyl-today/) - It’s been over three decades since Chernobyl experienced the most massive nuclear disaster in history. Even after billions spent cleaning up and at least four thousand dead, the area itself is a ghostly shell of itself, long reclaimed by plant and animal life. Pripyat, the town built next to the plant, was intended to be a symbol
- [What Is The Elephant's Foot of Chernobyl?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-is-the-elephants-foot-of-chernobyl/) - On April 26, 1986, a devastating nuclear accident occurred at the Chernobyl Power Plant in Ukraine. The accident was so powerful that it caused an explosion that shattered reactor number four and released more radioactive material than the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined. This radioactive material spread across Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of
- [How Maximilian I of France Became Emperor of Mexico](https://www.historydefined.net/emperor-of-mexico/) - In 1863, the young archduke Maximilian was approached with an intriguing offer from Emperor Napoleon III of France. He wanted to know if Maximilian had any interest in becoming the emperor of Mexico, a country that he had never set foot in. At this time, Maximilian was 30 years old. He had been a naval
- [The Unusual Life of Joseph Merrick, the Elephant Man](https://www.historydefined.net/elephant-man/) - The world may now be more compassionate and considerate toward people with physical deformities and disabilities. But the life of Joseph Merrick, also known as the Elephant Man, is a tragic tale that’s filled with a series of misfortunes due to his unorthodox appearance. Early Life Joseph Carey Merrick was born on August 5, 1862,
- [A History of the Great Wall of China](https://www.historydefined.net/great-wall-of-china/) - The Great Wall of China was built as a protective fortress to keep enemies at bay. Today, it is one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world. According to Travel + Leisure, around 10 million people visit the Great Wall of China every year. The majestic attraction is located in northern China in
- [34 iconic photos of San Francisco in the 1960s](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-photos-of-san-francisco-in-the-1960s/) - Take a look back at San Francisco in the 1960s with this collection of photographs from the era that put it on the map. These images show the city as it was, offering glimpses of everyday life, the people, the streets, and the evolving culture during a notable decade. From quiet neighborhood scenes in Haight-Ashbury
- [The Story of the Wealthiest Athlete in History: Gaius Appuleius Diocles](https://www.historydefined.net/gaius-appuleius-diocles/) - In a world where modern athletes like Michael Jordan, LeBron James, or Mike Tyson capture headlines and acquire massive fortunes, there exists a historical figure whose wealth and fame dwarf even the most celebrated sports icons of our time. His name was Gaius Appuleius Diocles. He was a legendary Roman charioteer whose fortune remains unrivaled.
- [Amon Göth: The Most Sadistic Concentration Camp Commandant](https://www.historydefined.net/amon-goth/) - When people first think of historical films about the Holocaust, arguably the most well-known one that would come to mind is Schindler’s List. This critically-acclaimed masterpiece is the most iconic film on the Holocaust ever produced. Part of the reason why this film has gained such notoriety is undoubtedly because of the bestial nature of the
- [What Was Drug Use Like in Ancient Egypt?](https://www.historydefined.net/drug-use-in-ancient-egypt/) - Ancient Egypt. Two words that immediately whisk your mind away to a far-off, exotic locale. Where grand pyramids loom above shifting sand dunes and mighty Pharaohs hold glorious ceremonies on the banks of the Nile. It was a time of magic, mummies, and mystery. Even though the ancient Egyptians are separated from us by millennia,
- [The “Feral” Child Strapped to a Chair For 13 Years](https://www.historydefined.net/genie-wiley/) - What happens when a child is locked away from the world without any social interactions or education? What happens to a child that is raised in isolation and abuse, with little access to the outside world? For Genie Wiley, these awful hypotheticals were very real. She lived in near-total isolation. She was deprived of human
- [Inside the Haunted History of the Cecil Hotel](https://www.historydefined.net/cecil-hotel/) - Hidden in the heart of downtown Los Angeles, there is a building that has witnessed a century's worth of secrets, mysteries, and darkness - the Cecil Hotel. It’s an iconic building shrouded in a haunting aura. The infamous hotel has become a place of near-supernatural fame. Echoes of names from years past, like the “Night
- [The Life of Robert Stroud, the “Birdman” of Alcatraz](https://www.historydefined.net/birdman-of-alcatraz/) - Brought to public awareness primarily by the 1962 American biographical film, Birdman of Alcatraz (starring Burt Lancaster), Robert Stroud was a convicted murderer. He was sent to federal prison where he spent 42 years in solitary confinement. Yet incredibly, he developed such an obsession with birds that he became one of the foremost authorities on
- [Carl Tanzler’s Terrifying, Deadly Obsession](https://www.historydefined.net/carl-tanzler/) - In 1930, 53-year-old Carl Tanzler fell in love with 21-year-old Elena de Hoyos who was dying of tuberculosis in a Florida hospital. Convinced that this young woman was the love of his life, Carl Tanzler did everything he could to save her. He tried everything from homemade concoctions to newfangled medical equipment. When his efforts
- [What were the four cardinal virtues of philosophy?](https://www.historydefined.net/four-cardinal-virtues/) - The four cardinal virtues are wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice. The word ‘cardinal’ comes from the Latin word cardo for ‘hinge’ or the word cardinalis meaning ‘essential’. It is often said that all human virtues hinge on these four. The Four Cardinal Virtues Throughout History The four cardinal virtues were originally conceptualized by Plato, expanded
- [Unraveling the Mystery of South Korea's Unit 684](https://www.historydefined.net/south-koreas-unit-684/) - South Korea is known for its pop culture - particularly its music, TV series, and movies. However, its history is not as glamorous and bright as its current reputation would have you believe. If you’ve watched the film Silmido, you may be familiar with the existence of the 209th Detachment, 2325th Group. Commonly referred to
- [Why did the Beatles break up?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-did-the-beatles-break-up/) - The Beatles were active throughout the sixties before breaking up in 1970. They were just kids in Liverpool when they started playing together in the late fifties. Those Merseyside boys honed their craft in Hamburg, entertained tens of millions in the United States, and took the world by storm. Even though they broke up over
- [Santa Muerte: A history of the patron saint of death](https://www.historydefined.net/santa-muerte/) - Santa Muerte is a recent phenomenon, a modern-day folk saint: the patron saint of death. For twenty years, the veneration of this folk saint has been the fastest-growing religious movement in the West. It’s rooted in Mexico, where millions of people now pray to Santa Muerte. Devotees are found in countries around the globe. Death,
- [The 7 Most Famous Outlaws in American History](https://www.historydefined.net/most-famous-outlaws-in-american-history/) - Cowboys, gunslingers, Buscaderos, and Desperadoes are all terms that could qualify the most famous outlaws in American history based on their manic escapades. From bank robberies and train hijacks to cattle rustling and daylight shoot-outs leading to cold-blooded murders, the notorious wild west bandits were exceptions whose exploits were known during the early 20th century.
- [A history of Scarab Beetles and Ancient Egypt](https://www.historydefined.net/scarab-beetles-and-ancient-egypt/) - Before the pharaohs, before the gods, there was the scarab. The significance of the scarab beetle in Egypt dates back over eight thousand years. Mummified scarabs and scarab-shaped amulets have been found in tombs dating back to the beginning of the Predynastic period. It came to be the face of one of their most important
- [3 of History's Most Mysterious Cold Cases: A Closer Look](https://www.historydefined.net/cold-cases/) - Many cold case files throughout history will likely never be solved. The advent of advanced testing allows the number of unresolved and unexplained crimes to diminish greatly over the years. That does not mean that many of the most confusing and strange crimes will ever be solved. Unsolved crimes spark curiosity in the public eye.
- [15 of the Greatest Mistakes in History](https://www.historydefined.net/15-of-the-greatest-mistakes-in-history/) - When you look back on history, it's often easy to laugh or scratch your head at some of the mistakes humans have made. From botched military campaigns to unfortunate technological blunders, the 15 biggest missteps, miscalculations, and mess-ups in history are a trove of learning experiences for us all. Embark on a journey of discovery
- [11 Of The Shortest-Reigning Leaders In History](https://www.historydefined.net/11-of-the-shortest-reigning-leaders-in-history/) - It isn't easy being the king….queen… or even president? The point is, it’s hard to be at the top. History is chock-full of murdered monarchs, unlucky emperors, and deposed queens. Can you imagine waiting and preparing your entire life for this position, only to have it ripped away in a second, doomed to the footnotes
- [The Impact of the Armenian Genocide and Operation Nemesis](https://www.historydefined.net/operation-nemesis/) - The echoes of World War I and the Armenian genocide still resound throughout history. It was a bleak chapter that claimed the lives of 1.5 million Armenians. But, amidst the violence and despair, came a daring and controversial operation that shook the world. In the early 1920s, a secretive group of Armenian survivors decided to
- [Agent 355: The Culper Ring's Most Mysterious Member](https://www.historydefined.net/agent-355/) - During the midst of the American Revolution, a mysterious figure known only by the code name "355" emerged. They became a crucial player in a shadowy, covert spy network known as the Culper Ring. To this day, her identity remains shrouded in secrecy. But her bravery and cunning in the face of danger seem to
- [Nannie Doss: The Brutal Story of the Giggling Granny](https://www.historydefined.net/nannie-doss/) - Nannie Doss was known as the "Giggling Granny" because of her penchant for giggling and laughing whenever people talk to her about murdering her husbands. She had five partners. Four of them suffered untimely and premature deaths. So, why did she kill them? Nannie dreamed of the love she often read about in romance magazines.
- [Why do people believe H.H. Holmes was Jack the Ripper?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-do-people-believe-h-h-holmes-was-jack-the-ripper/) - There are few serial killers in history that are more infamous than Jack the Ripper. Even now, his names can send shivers down the spine of anyone familiar with the case. His identity is one of the greatest mysteries of all time. On the other side of the Atlantic, active at nearly the same time
- [The Venera Project: The Soviet Union's Venus space missions](https://www.historydefined.net/venera-project/) - For a planet so close and so similar in size to Earth, Venus still holds so many mysteries. At one time, we believed that Venus would be Earth’s twin, not the caustic, dangerous world that it really is. But learning the truth about Venus took some time, and a lot of gathering of information. One
- [Boris Kipriyanovich: The child genius who claimed he was from Mars](https://www.historydefined.net/boris-kipriyanovich/) - Children who recall past lives or other sorts of information they can’t possibly know have always fascinated the public. There’s something special and magnetic about someone so young possessing such a wealth of knowledge, and it can lead us to wonder if there was some secret knowledge that we, too, knew all those years ago.
- [The Life of Anton LaVey: Self-Ordained High Priest of Satan](https://www.historydefined.net/anton-lavey/) - The so-called “Summer of Love” took place in San Francisco, California in 1967. It turned the San Francisco Bay area into a tourist destination for the curious and thrill-seeking; those wanting to witness the “Hippie” phenomenon for themselves. The newspapers made it sound like the media event of the year. On February 6, 1967, Newsweek printed a
- [John Pemberton: The drug-addled mind behind Coca-Cola](https://www.historydefined.net/john-pemberton/) - Dark, caramel-brown, and bubbly, Coca-Cola is one of the most recognizable brands in the world. Over the decades of its existence, Coca-Cola has gone from a simple medicinal fountain drink to a worldwide phenomenon. Everyone, everywhere, knows Coca-Cola. But even the greatest innovations have to start somewhere, and more often than not, those beginnings can
- [Gloria Ramirez:  The strange death of the "Toxic Woman"](https://www.historydefined.net/gloria-ramirez/) - Medical mysteries are undoubtedly some of the most fascinating. As a whole, we have come so far with medical advancements and understanding of the human body and disease, that a true, unsolvable conundrum is rare. So when one pops up that is not only mysterious but also dangerous to those just in the general area
- [How North Korea stole 1000 Volvos from Sweden](https://www.historydefined.net/how-north-korea-stole-1000s-of-volvos-from-sweden/) - Today, North Korea has an air of danger and isolation about it. The idea of traveling to North Korea is laughable, and it’s been that way for quite a long time. But in the 1970s, there was hope for a more open country, and Sweden was one of the first Western countries to extend any
- [Chinampas: The “Floating Gardens” of the 14th Century Aztecs](https://www.historydefined.net/chinampas/) - For thousands of years before the arrival of the nomadic Aztecs, other tribes, including the Olmecs and Toltecs, inhabited the Valley of Mexico in what is now Mexico City. The already-established neighbors of the Aztecs were sitting on arable land filled with nutrient-rich soil, leaving the Aztecs with less desirable land. To create a successful
- [What were the most important angels in the Bible](https://www.historydefined.net/important-angels/) - Angels, heavenly entities that were often depicted as messengers or harbingers of God, are present in more than just Christianity. Judaism, Islam, and other Abrahamic religions all have angels or angel equivalents in their scriptures. The modern image of angels has them as strong, winged beings that are almost always benevolent, but that hasn’t always
- [Understanding Stoicism: Beliefs and Principles](https://www.historydefined.net/stoicism/) - Humans devote much of their time and energy to finding and maintaining happiness. Just as many people today reach for self-help books or go to therapy to feel better, the Stoics of ancient Greece used philosophy as a means of “healing the soul” and achieving eudaimonia – the principle of living according to one’s true nature. But
- [Major Richard Winters: The iconic hero from Band of Brothers](https://www.historydefined.net/dick-winters/) - It was early; so early that the sun hadn’t even risen, when Richard “Dick” Winters made his jump. The air was frosty, and the sky dark, so it was no surprise that he lost his weapon on the way down. Being a paratrooper came with hundreds of risks, so his gun being gone was preferable
- [The Legacy of the Armored Korean Turtle Ships](https://www.historydefined.net/korean-turtle-ships/) - The Korean turtle ship, or “geobukseon,” is sometimes considered the world’s first ironclad ship. It was a giant wooden ship with iron spikes covering the deck. Now, to call it a true ironclad – that is, to suggest that it was covered in plates of metal – would be an exaggeration. But even so, the
- [The Tragedy Of Omayra Sánchez And The Nevado Del Ruiz Eruption](https://www.historydefined.net/omayra-sanchez/) - Sometimes all it takes is a short story, a moving interview, or in this case, a poignant photograph for an individual’s story to become etched into collective memory. Omayra Sánchez is a name that today resonates with both tragedy and resilience. Her and her story not only serve as a powerful testament to the devastating
- [The Colossus of Rhodes: A Look at the Ancient Wonder](https://www.historydefined.net/colossus-of-rhodes/) - The 108-foot bronze statue known as the Colossus of Rhodes was both an ancient wonder and a proud monument. It was a tribute to the god Helios. It was destroyed in an earthquake just five decades after it was built. To see it standing over the harbors of Rhodes as ships sailed beneath it would
- [Unveiling the Violent History of Spanish War Dogs](https://www.historydefined.net/spanish-war-dogs/) - Dogs are known to be man’s best friend. But in the case of Spanish war dogs, they became vicious enemies of the people they hunted. They were bred for size, strength, and even for the taste of human flesh. They were true beasts that the Spanish employed with appalling success against the native peoples of
- [The Death of History's Notorious Traitor: Unraveling Judas' Mysterious End](https://www.historydefined.net/the-death-of-historys-notorious-traitor-unraveling-judas-mysterious-end/) - Judas Iscariot is infamously known as being the guy who ratted out Jesus and sent him to his death on the cross. He’s so well-known that even people who know nothing about the biblical story still know that anyone who’s a traitor can be called a “Judas.” But if Judas is so notorious, then why
- [The Tragedy of the Brutal Cheshire Murders](https://www.historydefined.net/cheshire-murders/) - The quiet town of Cheshire, Connecticut - a tranquil, close-knit community - is one of the last places one would imagine an unthinkable, harrowing tragedy unfolding. The Cheshire murders were a chilling home invasion that took place on a fateful summer night in 2007. It left the nation in shock and mourning. Within the walls
- [The Remarkable Tale of Thomas Wedders: A Living Pinocchio](https://www.historydefined.net/thomas-wedders/) - Throughout history, there exists a fascinating realm full of extraordinary individuals. Many of these individuals are famous for their achievements, status, or wealth. But, for a few, their appearance is enough to catapult them into the limelight. Thomas Wedders is one such man. He was a figure who defied the boundaries of conventional appearance, cementing
- [Margaret Howe Lovatt: The Woman Who Fell in Love with a Dolphin](https://www.historydefined.net/margaret-howe-lovatt/) - Many of us know all too well what it’s like to love an animal. We’re often willing to go to great lengths to care for our pets. The close bonds that result can be as strong as any. But how far can they be taken? Enter Margaret Howe Lovatt. Lovatt is best known for being
- [Who was Vladimir Komarov? Soviet Cosmonaut and Space Hero](https://www.historydefined.net/vladimir-komarov/) - Today, private companies and individuals send reusable rockets into the stratosphere. The fiery competition of the Space Race is but a distant memory. In the history of space exploration, there are many tales of triumph, courage, and sacrifice. One such story belongs to Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov. He was both a pioneer and a martyr
- [Madame LaLaurie and Her New Orleans Mansion of Horrors](https://www.historydefined.net/madame-lalaurie/) - On April 10, 1834, a fire started in the kitchen of the mansion of Madame Lalaurie. It quickly spread throughout the rest of the elegant two-story building, eating through walls and destroying paintings and exquisite pieces of art. As soon as they smelled the fire, Madame Lalaurie and her husband, Dr. Lalaurie, scrambled from room
- [The Tragic Life of Tortured Poet, Sylvia Plath](https://www.historydefined.net/sylvia-plath/) - Credited with single-handedly advancing the genre of “confessional” poetry, Sylvia Plath is considered one of the most dynamic and admired poets of the 20th Century. She is best known for her two highly acclaimed collections, The Colossus and Other Poems (published in 1960) and Ariel (in 1965). As well as her beautifully introspective semi-autobiographical novel,
- [Circus Maximus: Chariot racing in Ancient Rome](https://www.historydefined.net/circus-maximus/) - Among all the beautiful things built by the ancient Romans, few stood as magnificent as the Circus Maximus. Although the term circus is used to define an entertainment event these days, the Circus Maximus, Latin for “largest circus,” was actually a venue. But more than that, it was an architectural marvel. Used for everything from
- [Romano-Gallic War: A Clash of Empires in Ancient Times](https://www.historydefined.net/romano-gallic-war/) - For centuries, the Gallic tribes of what is now France aided Rome’s enemies and threatened Roman expansion. Gauls fought with the Carthaginians in the Punic Wars. They were part of Hannibal’s army at Cannae which annihilated a Roman army in 217 BC. The Romans attempted to work around the Mediterranean through Spain. They were trying
- [Mothman: The Supernatural Phenomenon of West Virginia](https://www.historydefined.net/the-mothman/) - Along with UFOs, Bigfoot, and werewolves, the Mothman just seems like pure imagination. According to residents of Point Pleasant, West Virginia, he was a six to seven-foot tall humanoid with giant, angel-like wings that spanned ten feet in length. Perhaps most disturbing of all, he had two glowing red eyes that seemed to burn in
- [Understanding the Iron Curtain: A Historical Overview](https://www.historydefined.net/the-iron-curtain/) - The Iron Curtain was an impenetrable ideological barrier. It divided Europe into capitalist and communist groups. It emerged at the end of World War II in 1945 and continued to exist until the Cold War, around 1989-1990. The term symbolizes the intention and efforts of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) to block itself
- [The Opium Wars: The Substance That Started a Trade War](https://www.historydefined.net/the-opium-wars/) - A Trade War Turns Hot China is running a massive trade balance with a Western power based on consumer goods. What was the logical economic and political solution? Require China to accept more imports from that power to level the imbalance. Sounds a lot like 2023, but we’re talking about 1839. The Western power was
- [The Fascinating Tale of Stede Bonnet: The Gentleman Pirate](https://www.historydefined.net/stede-bonnet/) - Can a gentleman be a pirate? There was one man who went against these seemingly opposite stereotypes and became both: Stede Bonnet. Born a gentleman, he turned to piracy in his later years. Bonnet was born to moderately wealthy English landowners in Barbados in 1688. He was educated like most English scions and was even
- [Exploring the Enduring Legacy of "Kilroy Was Here"](https://www.historydefined.net/kilroy-was-here/) - In times of war, the movement of soldiers often leaves trails of death and destruction in its wake. But rarely, they happen to leave behind small acts of humor and mischief. "Kilroy Was Here" was one such mark. A simple phrase accompanied by a cartoonish drawing of a man peering over a wall. This graffiti
- [Exploring the myths around Marcus Licinius Crassus' death](https://www.historydefined.net/death-of-crassus/) - The sweltering heat of the Parthian desert was a terrible place to die. Stricken with grief at the death of his son, and exhausted from battle, Roman general Marcus Licinius Crassus met his end in that miserable place. Crassus’s death, as well as what happened to his body after death, is shrouded in mystery. Whether
- [The origin of the French fry is not as simple as you'd think](https://www.historydefined.net/french-fry/) - Some might say, when it comes to French fries, that it’s all in the name. But…what if it isn’t? Golden, crispy French fries have been a staple of the culinary world for centuries. They pair perfectly with a hamburger, plate of chicken tenders, and even steak. But where we can trace the origins of a
- [HMHS Britannic and RMS Olympic: The Titanic's sister ships](https://www.historydefined.net/hmhs-britannic-and-rms-olympic/) - If you ask someone what the most famous ship in history is, there’s a good chance that their answer will be the Titanic. The tragic darling of dozens of movies, books, and songs, the Titanic earned her notoriety when she hit an iceberg and sank during her maiden voyage. But did you know that she
- [North Sentinel Island: Home of one of the world's most isolated tribes](https://www.historydefined.net/north-sentinel-island/) - It was November 2018 when an American missionary paid a small group of fishermen in the Indian city of Port Blair to ferry him somewhere that was forbidden. The fishermen were skeptical but accepted his payment of $335.47 American dollars. This missionary wanted to visit North Sentinel Island, the home of the Sentinelese, some of
- [The weird story of the Vasa, the ship that sunk on its maiden voyage](https://www.historydefined.net/vasa/) - In Stockholm, Sweden, there is a museum dedicated to a single ship. Spectacular and awe-inspiring, the Vasa looms over museum crowds, giving them a surreal view of the only fully preserved 17th-century ship. The effect of looking at the Vasa and wondering what adventures the warship must have undertaken is unmatched. Except...for the Vasa, its
- [The Appalling History of the Vipeholm Experiments](https://www.historydefined.net/vipeholm-experiments/) - As a child, were you ever afraid of going to the dentist? For most, that fear is largely irrational. But in Sweden beginning in the mid-1940s, the children of the Vipeholm mental institution were subjected to a dental experiment that was truly a nightmare. At the end of the years-long study, many of the patients
- [The History and Culture of the Shawnee Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/the-shawnee-tribe/) - The Shawnee people of the Ohio River Valley have a rich history of medicine, politics, and activism. All First Nations in North America have rich and storied histories; the Shawnee people are no different in that regard. The Shawnee nation was one of the most powerful nations on the continent with a long history including
- [Where Does the Universal Man: A Renaissance Ideal Come From?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-universal-man/) - In the golden age of Renaissance Italy, a new and influential concept emerged. A concept that celebrated the boundless potential of humankind. This idea was embodied by the Universal Man, or “Uomo Universale” in Italian. The idea of the Universal Man, sometimes also referred to as the Renaissance Man, praised individuals who excelled in all
- [The Deadly Side of Nuclear Science: The Demon Core](https://www.historydefined.net/the-demon-core/) - The modern history of science is rife with nuclear accidents. Amidst the tumultuous landscape of the mid-20th century - a pivotal time when great powers vied for supremacy, driven by clandestine nuclear discovery - these accidents were far too common. It was during this extraordinary, dangerous epoch that an infamous entity emerged - the demon
- [Centralia, PA: America's Hottest Ghost Town ](https://www.historydefined.net/centralia-pa/) - The term "ghost town" is used to describe a town quickly erected for a lucrative industry, which just as rapidly is abandoned once the source of wealth dries up. Usually, these are towns out West that sprung up during the gold rush in the 1800s, but what does a modern ghost town look like? Centralia,
- [Becephalus: The legendary horse of Alexander the Great](https://www.historydefined.net/becephalus/) - In 1831, under a mountain of volcanic ash in the ancient city of Pompeii, a mosaic was uncovered. This mosaic, one of the most important pieces of art to ever be rediscovered, covered the floor of one room in the House of Faun. Dubbed the “Alexander Mosaic”, it was remarkably well preserved, and while parts
- [The Doolittle Raid: America's revenge for Pearl Harbor](https://www.historydefined.net/the-doolittle-raid/) - After Pearl Harbor, the full, if not immediately enthusiastic, participation of the United States in World War II was all but guaranteed. While there may have been murmurings of a possible attack in military circles, it blindsided the American public, and its psychological effect on the populace can’t be overstated. So when it came time
- [The Pepsi Navy: Did Pepsi acquire a fleet of Soviet ships?](https://www.historydefined.net/pepsi-navy/) - In 1989, war was on the minds of a lot of the world’s population. The Berlin Wall was coming down, the Cold War would be declared over in the latter part of the year, and students flooded into China’s Tiananmen Square, protesting their lack of freedom. With all of this going on, it’s not surprising
- [Uncovering the Mysterious Sobek: the Crocodile God of Egypt](https://www.historydefined.net/uncovering-the-mysterious-sobek-the-crocodile-god-of-egypt/) - In ancient Egypt, the gods could be fickle masters. Drought, death, and disease were often attributed not to natural causes, but to the displeasure of divine beings. To please the supernatural forces that governed life along the Nile, Egyptians learned to build temples, make sacrifices, and worship these all-powerful deities. One of the most important
- [The Last Black Jockey to Win the Kentucky Derby:James Winkfield](https://www.historydefined.net/james-winkfield/) - Between 1900 and 1903, jockey James Winkfield rode in four consecutive Kentucky Derbies. He finished third, first, first, and second. In 1901 alone, he won somewhere between 160 and 220 races (depending on the source). But despite his extraordinary, natural talent as a jockey, Winkfield received little recognition from within or without the horse-racing community.
- [The Cruel History of Dancing Bears in European Courts](https://www.historydefined.net/dancing-bears/) - Magnificent bears were once captured from distant lands or acquired through shrewd trade. They were made a spectacle amidst the grandeur of banquets and feasts of medieval and Renaissance Europe. They took center stage, their immense power harnessed for a different, more unusual purpose: entertainment. These majestic creatures were trained by skilled bearwardens. They were
- [The Fight for Irish Independence: A Historical Perspective](https://www.historydefined.net/irish-independence/) - By the early 20th century, England had ruled Ireland for the better part of 400 years. Henry VIII began the conquest of Ireland and his daughter Elizabeth I finished it. England's attempts to subjugate Ireland were never fully successful despite periods of relative calm. Ireland remained stubbornly Catholic despite efforts to colonize it with Presbyterians.
- [From Persian Mythology to Disney: Tracing the History of Magic Carpets](https://www.historydefined.net/magic-carpets/) - From the ancient realms of Persian mythology to the captivating tales of One Thousand and One Nights. From the vibrant narratives of India to the expansive landscapes of Western literature, magic carpets have transcended geographical boundaries and permeated our myths and legends. With their ability to defy gravity and carry riders through the sky, magic
- [Hannibal’s Secret War Weapon: The Balearic Slingers](https://www.historydefined.net/balearic-slingers/) - Amidst the many forgotten battles and long-lost heroes of history, a tale of extraordinary warriors emerges from the beautiful Mediterranean shores of the Balearic Islands. Picture a band of audacious, fearsome men armed with nothing more than a leather pouch. With a flick of the wrist, they unleash a tempest of stones with uncanny precision
- [The Dangerous Side Of Marina Abramovic’s Performance Art: Rhythm 0](https://www.historydefined.net/marina-abramovic/) - Art has the power to hold a mirror to our human psyches. It forces us to reflect on what it really means to be human. Sometimes, that process can reveal profound beauty. Other times, we find the ugly, the perverse, or even parts of us that are just plain scary. “Rhythm 0” was a groundbreaking
- [Robert McGee: The Man Who Was Scalped and Survived](https://www.historydefined.net/robert-mcgee/) - In 1890, a remarkable photograph was taken. It captured the scars of a little-known American man. He was a survivor of an unimaginable ordeal in American frontier history. The picture would continue to pass down through the ages. It was a reminder of not only a distant time in American history but of the individual
- [Mark David Chapman: The Man Who Gunned Down John Lennon](https://www.historydefined.net/mark-david-chapman/) - For millions of people around the world, December 8, 1980, will forever be remembered as one of the darkest days in modern history. It was the day former Beatle John Lennon was gunned down outside his New York City apartment building by a man named Mark David Chapman. Chapman was a former Beatles fan who
- [The Unforgettable Impact of Japanese Fire Balloons During WWII](https://www.historydefined.net/japanese-fire-balloons/) - The strange and tragic history of Japan’s attempt to bomb the United States during World War II began with a summer picnic. It began just outside the small town of Bly, Oregon, on a secluded forest road. Reverend Archie Mitchell was with his wife Elsie and five children from their Sunday school class at the
- [Battles of World War II: The Battle of El Alamein](https://www.historydefined.net/battle-of-el-alamein/) - The North African campaign during World War II was a battle of supply. Between 1940 and 1942, both the Axis powers and the Allied powers achieved significant victories, which allowed them to continue their campaign for hundreds of miles and across many countries. Inevitably, the supply tether was reaching its limits, and the advances ground
- [Death and Rebirth: A History of the Mythological Phoenix](https://www.historydefined.net/mythological-phoenix/) - There exists a wondrous, magical creature in ancient mythology. It has captivated the human imagination for centuries - the Phoenix. With vibrant plumage in bright hues of red, orange, and gold, this majestic bird has been reimagined time and time again throughout history. While other mythical birds like the Roc, Griffin, or Simurgh all have
- [The Jesus Freaks: Origins of the Religious Countercultural Movement](https://www.historydefined.net/the-jesus-freaks/) - In the late 1960s, amid the so-called “Hippie” counterculture movement taking place in the US, a charismatic minister named Duane Pederson came onto the scene. He preached Christianity to the generation known for promiscuous sex, mind-expanding drugs, and pulsating Rock music. A self-described “Jesus Freak,” Pederson drew comparisons between the Hippies' message of peace and
- [Inside One of the Roughest Prisons in the World: Florence Supermax Prison](https://www.historydefined.net/florence-supermax-prison/) - The Florence Supermax prison, known as the “Alcatraz of the Rockies,” is what one former prison warden called a “clean version of hell.” It’s a massive complex that houses the world’s most dangerous criminals. Anyone from Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzman to Ted Kaczynski can be found in this concrete cage nestled in a remote part
- [Rat Torture: One Of History's Most Barbaric Torture Methods?](https://www.historydefined.net/rat-torture/) - Rats can be a real nuisance. They get into our food, our trash, and even our homes. But when applied in the right (or rather, wrong) ways, they can turn into something far more sinister: a form of torture so cruel that the very mention of it can be enough to compel someone to spill
- [Cooperation vs. Chaos: The Mongolian Invasions of China and Japan](https://www.historydefined.net/mongolian-invasions/) - 50 years of conquest saw Mongol armies at the gates of Hungary, Persia, and along the Yangtze facing the last remaining Chinese resistance. The Mongols thought they were invincible and with good reason. A succession of aggressive leaders started with Genghis Khan in 1211. This extended to their last truly expansionist ruler, his grandson Kublai
- [The History of the Pinkerton Detective Agency: America's Premier Private Detectives](https://www.historydefined.net/pinkerton-detective-agency/) - In the deep, shadowy depths of American history, few organizations have captured the public imagination, stirring up fear and apprehension, quite like the Pinkerton Detective Agency. Whether its agents were tracking down notorious outlaws in the Wild West, infiltrating unions, backroom negotiations, or working to protect the life of the President, the Pinkertons were a
- [The Beast of Gévaudan: Terror of the French Countryside](https://www.historydefined.net/beast-of-gevaudan/) - You may have read about Arthur Conan Doyle’s fictional monstrous hound in the famous Sherlock Holmes story titled, “The Hound of the Baskervilles.” But in the 18th century, a real-life bloodthirsty beast terrorized Gévaudan, an ancient Southern French county that today lies in the Department of Lozère. Known as La Bête du Gévaudan or the
- [The Gruesome History of the Viking Blood Eagle Ritual](https://www.historydefined.net/blood-eagle/) - Blood, guts, and glory. The Viking Age was a time of brutal conquest and even more brutal executions. Perhaps none are more shrouded in controversy and intrigue than the notorious blood eagle ritual. Legend has it that the Vikings were ruthless to their enemies. If you found yourself at the hands of a murderous Viking,
- [Elvita Adams & Her Miraculous Fall From the Empire State Building](https://www.historydefined.net/elvita-adams-2/) - Elvita Adams was a fascinating woman. She gained notoriety for surviving a jump from the Empire State Building in 1979. The Empire State Building is one of the world’s most iconic skyscrapers. Located in downtown New York City, it was constructed in 1931 and comprises a whopping 102 stories. At the time of Adams' jump,
- [The Woman Behind the Gangster: A Look into the Life of Mae Capone](https://www.historydefined.net/mae-capone/) - It’s said that behind every great man is a great woman. Mae Capone was no exception. While her husband's infamy has overshadowed her story for decades, Mae Capone played a key role in the Capone criminal empire and lived a fascinating life of her own. From her early days as a girl in Brooklyn to
- [The Suicide of the Ancient Greek Philosopher, Socrates](https://www.historydefined.net/suicide-of-socrates/) - In ancient Athens, amidst wealth and greatness, there lived a man who sought to understand the world and the human condition through formal logic. His name was Socrates. Socrates was a philosopher whose influence on ancient philosophy and the Western philosophical tradition is immeasurable. His name is recognizable to almost everyone. Despite that, Socrates wrote
- [The History of Lingchi: Death by a Thousand Cuts](https://www.historydefined.net/lingchi/) - The ancient Chinese method of execution known as lingchi (or ling chi), is perhaps better known by the more descriptive, “death by a thousand cuts.” As the name implies, this was a form of torture that involved slicing into the victim over and over again until they died. It was normally saved for the very
- [The Dunce Cap: Symbol of Smarts to Hall of Shame](https://www.historydefined.net/dunce-cap/) - We all know the dunce cap - that basic cone hat that no student ever wanted to bear. Of all of education's curiosities and odd trends, the dunce cap stands out for its unique blend of notoriety and negativity. It evokes visions of mischievous schoolchildren and reckless troublemakers. This conical headpiece has a history much
- [The History of the Glasgow Smile](https://www.historydefined.net/glasgow-smile/) - If you’ve ever seen the Batman movies, you’re probably familiar with the Joker’s leering, painted-on grin. It’s a bloody smile that stretches far beyond the corners of his mouth, making it evident that his cheeks have been sliced open from ear to ear. What you may not realize, is that this was an actual form
- [Budd Dwyer: The Man Who Killed Himself on Live TV](https://www.historydefined.net/budd-dwyer/) - There are plenty of events and names that stand out over the several centuries of American political history. But one name, in particular, stands out as both tragic and controversial: Budd Dwyer. He was a man whose career was marred by charges of corruption and bribery. His life seemed to be balanced on a razor’s
- [The Strange Story of Mary Ann Bevan](https://www.historydefined.net/mary-ann-bevan/) - Mary Ann Bevan was a mother of four who led a normal life until she developed a rare condition that changed her forever. At the age of 32, she began to experience physical changes that gradually transformed her from an attractive young lady into the person that people would come to call “The Ugliest Woman
- [History of the Lost City of Atlantis](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-atlantis/) - The lost city of Atlantis: the ancient mythical civilization that sank beneath the waves and supposedly lies somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean waiting to be rediscovered. If you’re like 57% percent of Americans, you may believe that lost civilizations like Atlantis exist. And that’s perhaps what makes the story of Atlantis so fascinating. Appearing in two
- [The Most Controversial Pope In History: Pope Boniface VIII](https://www.historydefined.net/pope-boniface/) - Pope Boniface VIII went down in history as one of the most controversial popes of all time. His conflicts with the state, particularly the French King Philip IV, led to a posthumous trial against him for heresy. Here, we delve into the events that laid the groundwork for his trial, the accusations levied against him
- [Clara Petacci: The Life of Mussolini’s Mistress](https://www.historydefined.net/clara-petacci/) - It may sound strange, but when Clara Petacci was shot by the firing squad on April 28, 1945, and hung up in the center of Milan along with Benito Mussolini and 14 other Fascists, she got what she had wanted. You see, from a young age, Clara Petacci wanted two things – to be famous
- [Baba Anujka, the Sweet Grandma Serial Killer](https://www.historydefined.net/baba-anujka/) - The serial killer known as Baba Anujka must have seemed like little more than a sweet old lady who was always ready to help her neighbors. Besides her generosity, she was also known for her healing potions, which she sold throughout her village. As a widow who lived to be 100 years old, it was
- [Snake Island: One of the Most Dangerous Places on Earth](https://www.historydefined.net/snake-island/) - Amidst the great blue expanse of the Atlantic Ocean lies a clandestine, tropical paradise shrouded in mystery and natural beauty. Snake Island. Its name immediately gives away its reputation. It has long been considered to be one of the most dangerous, terrifying parcels of land anywhere on the planet - and for good reason. The
- [Quiz: How well do you know US presidents?](https://www.historydefined.net/us-president-quiz/) - Since 1776, we have had 45 presidents across 46 presidencies due to one of our presidents serving two consecutive terms. Among these 45 years men, we can find many bizarre personalities and quirks, often bordering on the bizarre. As a result, there is no shortage of facts and trivia about these men. Do you think
- [Quiz: How much do you know about the Civil War?](https://www.historydefined.net/civil-war-quiz/) - The American Civil War between the Union and Confederacy was one of the bloodiest conflicts in United States history. By its end, over 600,000 Americans were dead, and large chunks of the country were in ruins. Do you think you know a lot about it? Then, test your knowledge of the American Civil War! 6397 Created
- [Quiz: What do you know about the Vietnam War?](https://www.historydefined.net/vietnam-war-quiz/) - The Vietnam War was one of the most prolonged American conflicts of the 20th century. By its end, over 1 million people lost their lives and America's policy of containment was a complete failure. Do you think you know a lot about The Vietnam War? Then, test your knowledge! 4554 Created on June 30, 2023
- [Quiz: Test your knowledge about WW2](https://www.historydefined.net/ww2-quiz/) - WW2 was a global war lasting from 1939 to 1945. The majority of the world's countries, including every great power, faced off in two opposing camps: the Axis and Allies. In the end, over 70,000,000 people were dead, and large chunks of Europe and Asia were left in ruins. Test your knowledge about this great
- [What do you know about WWI? Test your knowledge with 10 questions](https://www.historydefined.net/wwi-quiz/) - World War One began on July 28, 1914, with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. By the time it ended in 1918, it was one of the most brutal conflicts in history. How well do you know WWI history? Take our quiz to find out! 6813 Created on June 29, 2023 By Carl Seaver WWI
- [The Story of Keith Sapsford: The 14-Year-Old Stowaway](https://www.historydefined.net/keith-sapsford-the-14-year-old-stowaway/) - Most teenagers would hate being separated from their families and friends, particularly if they are sent to a Catholic residential school with strict rules that must be followed. In 1970, Keith Sapsford, a 14-year-old Australian, found himself in just that set of circumstances when his father sent him to a Roman Catholic Institution called Boys'
- [Mary Bell: The Eleven-Year-Old Serial Killer](https://www.historydefined.net/mary-bell/) - Throughout history, plenty of evil, ignoble characters have come and gone. From murderers and thieves to the unspeakable acts of history’s most prolific serial killers. However, when one pictures such a character, it would be unthinkable to imagine a child. One as young as eleven-years-old, carrying out such deeds - but, alas, such a case
- [Oxana Malaya: The eight-year-old girl raised in a kennel by dogs](https://www.historydefined.net/oxana-malaya/) - When a neighbor found eight-year-old Oxana Malaya in the woods one day outside her home in Ukraine, she was shocked by what she saw. A little girl, living among wild dogs, who walked on all fours and barked just like the rest of the pack. This little girl wasn’t acting. She had been raised by
- [Sanju Bhagat’s Twin Lived Inside Him For 36 Years](https://www.historydefined.net/sanju-bhagat/) - Sanju Bhagat learned to live with the strange bulging stomach that made him look like a pregnant man. It drew laughter from his neighbors, but Sanju had more important things to worry about. Most importantly, earning enough money for himself and his family to live on. Over time, however, his enormous stomach continued to grow
- [The chilling true story of the real doll behind ‘Annabelle’](https://www.historydefined.net/annabelle-doll/) - The supernatural realm. The home of ghosts, demons, and hauntings. In this realm, there exist few characters and stories that elicit such a combination of fear and recognition as her - Annabelle. Her name and likeness became famous through the Conjuring film series. She has now become synonymous with tales of dark, supernatural encounters. Annabelle
- [Julia Butterfly Hill: The Woman Who Lived in a Tree for 738 Days](https://www.historydefined.net/julia-butterfly-hill/) - In a world filled with pressing challenges and ever-growing environmental concerns, Julia Butterfly Hill emerged as a prominent figure who captivated hearts and ignited change. Through unwavering dedication and remarkable, almost unbelievable, acts of activism, she etched her name in the history books. Julia's story prompts us to question the true extent of an individual's
- [Did Isaac Newton Really Predict the World Would End in 2060?](https://www.historydefined.net/did-isaac-newton-really-predict-the-world-would-end-in-2060/) - Isaac Newton is a name that immediately conjures thoughts of scientific genius, the laws of gravity, and the formulas of calculus. The legendary English scientist is best known for his groundbreaking contributions to mathematics and physics. Many of his discoveries and theories are the foundation of modern scientific understanding. However, many do not realize that
- [The ten most haunted places in all of America](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-haunted-places-in-america/) - The United States is an enormous country with a deep and lengthy history that goes back centuries and spans entire eras. Within its borders lie countless dark secrets and haunting reminders of a troubled past that surpass those found anywhere else in the world. Far from being an entirely peaceful, personable land, the history of
- [The Beast of Bray Road: An iconic American cryptid](https://www.historydefined.net/beast-of-bray-road/) - In the quiet rural town of Elkhorn, nestled among the rolling hills and forests of Wisconsin, lies a secret. For decades, residents whispered about a mysterious creature that roams the rural areas surrounding Bray Road. The Beast of Bray Road - a cryptid steeped in folklore and myth - is a rumored elusive creature that
- [10 Strange Foods of the Great Depression](https://www.historydefined.net/strange-foods-of-the-great-depression/) - Discover 10 unusual and creative recipes that emerged during the Great Depression, from mock apple pie to depression cake and vinegar pie.
- [Jackalopes: The legendary horned rabbits of the American West](https://www.historydefined.net/jackalope/) - For generations, the American West has been a realm of mythical stories and legends that have stirred the popular imagination, with accounts of cowboys, outlaws, and legendary creatures. But perhaps no cryptid is as beloved or enduring as the jackalope, a strange and wondrous beast that is rumored to roam the wilds of the Western
- [The Thunderbird in Native American Folklore: Mythology, Meaning, and Modern Interpretations](https://www.historydefined.net/thunderbird/) - For centuries, Native American folklore has been filled with tales of powerful and majestic creatures, each imbued with its own unique symbolism and significance. But perhaps none are as awe-inspiring as the Thunderbird, a legendary creature that is said to bring thunder and lightning with the beating of its mighty wings. Across many different tribes
- [The Incredible Life of Josephine Baker ](https://www.historydefined.net/josephine-baker/) - It is rare for a person to leave such an enduring mark on the world as Josephine Baker did. She dazzled audiences in Paris with her electrifying performances and daring fashion, but her life was about much more than entertainment. She risked her life as a World War II spy, gathering intelligence across the world.
- [Cahokia: The rise and fall of North America's largest pre-Columbian City](https://www.historydefined.net/cahokia/) - Imagine walking through a bustling city of thousands of people. There are towering earthen mounds and busy marketplaces, all nestled in the heartland of America over a thousand years ago. Although it sounds like a fantastical dream, it was a real place - Cahokia. The history of Cahokia is a captivating tale of an indigenous
- [5 Animals That Were Much Larger in the Prehistoric Era](https://www.historydefined.net/animals-that-were-much-larger-in-the-prehistoric-era/) - The prehistoric period was a time when many creatures were much, much bigger than their ancestors who are alive today. However, there are just as many animals that are large today whose distant relatives were very small during their time. The prehistoric period can be tough to conceptualize due to the dichotomy between the sizes
- [8 Strange Facts About the Founding Fathers That Never Made the History Books](https://www.historydefined.net/facts-about-the-founding-fathers/) - The musical Hamilton instigated a revival of renewed interest in the founding fathers. It’s easy to reduce the founding fathers to dry facts, important dates, and a timeline of battles and laws that we trot out for school tests. However, these were unique individuals who worked hard to create a country from a conglomerate of settlements. They
- [The French Werewolf Panic: A Lesson in Mass Hysteria](https://www.historydefined.net/the-french-werewolf-panic/) - In the dimly lit corners of French history, there lurks a chilling tale that has captivated imaginations for centuries. It is a saga of fear, superstition, and group hysteria. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, the French Werewolf Panic swept across the land like a howling storm. It left terror, fear, and death in its
- [The Saga of Sweyn Forkbeard: England’s First Viking King](https://www.historydefined.net/sweyn-forkbeard/) - Within the depths of medieval history, one name stands out among the rest as a testament to the might and fortitude of the Viking people. Sweyn Forkbeard, the first Viking king of England, was a warrior with no equal and a figure whose legacy lived on for centuries. His life was marked by adventure, danger,
- [Ruff Collars: The Fashion Statement of Elizabethan England](https://www.historydefined.net/ruff-collars/) - In the long, winding course of fashion history, few pieces of clothing have captured the imagination and become as iconic as the Elizabethan ruff collar. This remarkable accessory, worn by people of all different ages and genders throughout Europe and England during the 16th and 17th centuries, was much more than a mere collar. It
- [Napoleon versus the horde of "killer" Bunny Rabbits](https://www.historydefined.net/napoleon-versus-the-horde-of-killer-bunny-rabbits/) - Napoleon Bonaparte’s legacy looms large in history. He was a man whose ambition and military prowess reshaped the map of Europe and the world. Of all the stories and legends told about him, perhaps none is as bizarre and unexpected as Napoleon’s unfortunate run-in with some bunnies. Napoleon Bonaparte was a conqueror of nations and
- [Thomas Blood: The Dashing Thief Who Stole the Crown Jewels](https://www.historydefined.net/thomas-blood/) - Stealing the crown jewels sounds like it might be included in the plot of a James Bond movie or a mysterious spy story. In the late 1600s, Thomas Blood hatched a plan to steal and sell (or possibly even destroy)the crown jewels belonging to the English crown. This was a brave but foolhardy plot, even
- [5 Countries That Defeated the Mongol Horde](https://www.historydefined.net/countries-that-defeated-the-mongol-horde/) - For centuries, the Mongols ruled an empire that stretched from China to Eastern Europe. It was the largest empire in the world, created through centuries of brutal warfare. Over time, the name Mongol became synonymous with the fearsome horsemen of the Eurasian steppe. Their exploits in battle – not to mention what came after –
- [Surviving the Gulag: Life and Death in Stalin's Forced Labor Camps](https://www.historydefined.net/soviet-gulag/) - In the sprawling network of Soviet forced labor camps known as the Gulag, millions of men and women were subjected to unimaginable horrors. They were forced into back-breaking labor and inhumane living conditions, including the daily threat of torture, execution, and murder. The Gulag was an instrument of political repression. It was used by Soviet
- [Memnon: The Greatest African Warrior of Greek Mythology](https://www.historydefined.net/memnon/) - Memnon was known to the ancient Greeks as the greatest African warrior who ever lived. Born of a goddess and a prince, he grew up to become king of the land of Ethiopia. When he brought his vast army of warriors to Troy to aid in the defense of the city, the beleaguered Trojan king
- [The life of Ragnar Lodbrok, the legendary Viking leader](https://www.historydefined.net/ragnar-lodbrok/) - For centuries, the name Ragnar Lodbrok struck fear into the hearts of people across Europe. The name conjures images of fearsome Viking warriors, their longships cutting through the waves as they set out to conquer new lands. Ragnar was more than just a warrior, however; he was a figure of legendary proportions. One whose story
- [The Life of Sarah Rector: Millionaire at Twelve](https://www.historydefined.net/sarah-rector/) - Sarah Rector's name has long been associated with fame related to her status as one of the first Black woman millionaires in the US. What makes this unusual is that she reached this achievement in an era where millionaires in the United States were rare, no matter which sex they were. Even more noteworthy was
- [Was Imhotep the true father of modern Medicine?](https://www.historydefined.net/imhotep/) - The moniker, “father of modern medicine,” usually goes to the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates. However, there is another man who predates him by nearly 2,000 years who may deserve that title even more. That man is Imhotep. He was a multi-talented ancient Egyptian who was behind some of the greatest innovations of Egypt’s Old Kingdom.
- [Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas: A History of Organized Crime ](https://www.historydefined.net/organized-crime-in-las-vegas/) - In truth, the Vegas of today resembles little the Vegas of yesteryear, on the surface, anyway. But one needs only stroll through the Mob Museum in downtown Las Vegas to remind them of "Sin City's" not-too-distant past. There the names Meyer Lansky, "Bugsy" Siegel, Gus Greenbaum, and Moe Sedway aren't torn from newspaper headlines or the pages of True Crime magazine, they represent
- [Bjorn Ironside: The Son of Viking King, Ragnar Lothbrok](https://www.historydefined.net/bjorn-ironside/) - With a legacy of fierce battles, legendary expeditions, and a powerful lineage, Bjorn Ironside is easily one of the most captivating figures of the Viking Age. As the son of the great Viking king Ragnar Lothbrok, Bjorn was destined for greatness from birth. But it was his skill, courage, and cunning that made him a
- [Percy Fawcett and the Famed Lost City of Z](https://www.historydefined.net/percy-fawcett/) - In the heart of the vast, uncharted wilderness of the Amazon rainforest, there exists a mysterious place that has captured the imaginations of adventurers and scholars alike: the Lost City of Z. A place of fabled riches and mysterious ruins, the supposed city has been the subject of countless legends and rumors. Yet, no solid
- [A Brief History of Hanging, Drawing, and Quartering](https://www.historydefined.net/hanging-drawing-and-quartering/) - For centuries, England was notorious for its brutal and inhumane form of execution known as "hanging, drawing, and quartering". This gruesome punishment was reserved for the most heinous crimes and involved a series of torturous steps to leave its victims mutilated and dismembered. Intending to be horrific, to be hanged, drawn, and quartered is considered
- [Kim Ung-Yong: The 8-year-old child prodigy who worked for NASA](https://www.historydefined.net/kim-ung-yong/) - What would you do if you were the smartest man on the planet? It may sound ridiculous, but it’s exactly the sort of question that Kim Ung-Yong grappled with. Born with an innate and unparalleled aptitude for learning, his intellectual capabilities were evident from an early age. His genius was clear before he could even
- [Belle Gunness: The disturbing life of the lady Bluebeard](https://www.historydefined.net/belle-gunness/) - American history is chock-full of dark figures and cold-blooded killers. Possibly none more unnerving and perplexing than the infamous “Black Widow,” Belle Gunness. The story of Belle Gunness is both fascinating and terrifying. From her modest beginnings in her early life to her gruesome crimes, then unexplained disappearance, Gunness holds a particularly unique place among
- [The Donner Party’s Harrowing Journey and Struggle for Survival](https://www.historydefined.net/donner-party/) - The Donner Party is a name synonymous with tragedy, desperation, and survival. Their story is one of adventure and the pursuit of a better life. The bonds of family and community held together this group of pioneers as they set out to cross a continent. It is also a story of tragedy, the human cost
- [From Slave to Lawman: The Incredible Life of Bass Reeves](https://www.historydefined.net/bass-reeves/) - Bass Reeves was a true legend of the American Old West. In that expanse of the great frontier, where lawlessness reigned and danger lurked around every corner, Reeves made his mark as a beacon of justice and hope. Born a slave, he defied the odds and rose to become one of the most respected and
- [Johanna Bormann: The life of "The Weasel of Auschwitz"](https://www.historydefined.net/johanna-bormann/) - Upon the liberation of concentration camps following World War II, the Allied forces discovered the nightmarish aftermath of the Holocaust. The camps in Nazi-occupied territories were rife with scenes of mass murder, suffering, and depravity. One of the most disturbing discoveries was at Bergen-Belsen, which the British Army liberated on April 15th, 1945. Again, the
- [Inside The Empire Of Tartaria, One Of History's Wildest Conspiracies](https://www.historydefined.net/inside-the-empire-of-tartaria/) - The Capitol in Washington, the Pyramids of Gaza, and the Great Wall of China. What if someone were to tell you that everything you've been taught about them is wrong and that these structures were built by an ancient civilization long before our time? Naturally, you would be inclined to roll your eyes. As crazy
- [What were Nikola Tesla's most important inventions?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-were-nikola-teslas-most-important-inventions/) - While Nikola Tesla is most commonly known for his contributions to the field of electricity, he actually made many other groundbreaking inventions.
- [What Really Killed Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-strange-death-of-mozart/) - A closer look at the myths and rumors surrounding the death of one of history's most famous composers, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- [What Was It Like To Be A Slave In Ancient Egypt? ](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-it-like-to-be-a-slave-in-ancient-egypt/) - What was it like to be a slave in ancient Egypt? This is a question that historians have asked for many years, but we may never honestly know the answer. However, we know what life was like for slaves based on what we can learn from ancient texts and archaeological evidence. Enslaved people in ancient
- [What was Ancient Egyptian Hygiene like?](https://www.historydefined.net/ancient-egyptian-hygiene/) - Uncover the secrets of Ancient Egyptian hygiene, including their practices for bathing, hair removal, and more. Learn how they kept clean and healthy.
- [How did Persia become Iran and why?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-did-persia-become-iran/) - Explore the historical transformation of Persia into Iran. Discover the reasons behind the name change and the factors that contributed.
- [Irma Grese: The Hyena of Auschwitz](https://www.historydefined.net/irma-grese-the-hyena-of-auschwitz/) - Learn about Irma Grese - a female SS guard at Auschwitz and one of the most notorious war criminals of World War II. Discover her life, crimes, and fate.
- [Amazing Photos From The Old Wild West You Might Be Surprised Exist](https://www.historydefined.net/amazing-photos-from-old-wild-west-you-might-be-surprised-exist/) - In the 1800s, the Wild West was a lawless land where bands of outlaws roamed free. It was a time of heroes and villains, adventure, and danger. Surprisingly, some photos from this era still exist, offering a unique glimpse into an often romanticized period of American history. Look at some of these amazing photos from
- [Josef Mengele: Who was Auschwitz’s Angel of Death?](https://www.historydefined.net/josef-mengele/) - Nazi doctor Josef Mengele was infamous for cruel experiments on Auschwitz prisoners, a symbol of inhumanity. Uncover his life & dark legacy.
- [The Life and Adventures of “Big Nose” Kate](https://www.historydefined.net/big-nose-kate/) - In the Wild West of the 19th century, few left such a fascinating tale as the colorful life of "Big Nose" Kate. A character with a checkered past, Kate was a woman unlike many of her time. She defied convention and carved out a place for herself in a world dominated by men. From her
- [Princess Qajar of Persia: The True Story Behind the Meme](https://www.historydefined.net/princess-qajar/) - A "Princess Qajar" history meme has been making the rounds on the internet for years. It shows a Persian princess with a mustache claiming that she was a symbol of beauty in the 19th century, and many men committed suicide after she rejected them. The vagueness of this claim and its perceived unlikelihood has made
- [The Ziggurat of Ur: An Ancient Wonder of Mesopotamia](https://www.historydefined.net/the-ziggurat-of-ur/) - The Great Ziggurat of Ur is a monumental step pyramid located in present-day Iraq, showcasing ancient Mesopotamian architecture and culture.
- [Lucky Luciano: The Iconic Mafioso Behind the American Mafia](https://www.historydefined.net/lucky-luciano/) - Lucky Luciano was a notorious gangster who masterminded the American Mafia. Learn more about this gripping tale of crime, power, and intrigue.
- [From Pharaohs to Slaves: Social Classes in  Ancient Egypt](https://www.historydefined.net/from-pharaohs-to-slaves-social-classes-in-ancient-egypt/) - Explore the captivating world of ancient Egypt's social hierarchy, from mighty Pharaohs to hardworking slaves - a society rich in history.
- [Defenestration: How Throwing People out of Windows Changed History](https://www.historydefined.net/defenestration/) - Defenestration was a fascinating historical practice of political punishment, known for its pivotal role sparking the 30 year war.
- [A Look Inside The Haunting Past of 19th-Century Mental Hospitals](https://www.historydefined.net/the-history-of-19th-century-mental-hospitals/) - Explore the chilling history of 19th-century mental hospitals, uncovering untold stories of suffering, treatment, and progress in psychiatric care.
- [The Autobahn: Unraveling the Story of the World's First Superhighway](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-the-autobahn/) - Learn about the fascinating history of the Autobahn, Germany's iconic highway system, and its impact on global transportation & engineering.
- [Aqua Tofana: The Notorious Poison that Plagued 17th-Century Europe](https://www.historydefined.net/aqua-tofana/) - Discover the deadly secrets of Aqua Tofana, the infamous poison that haunted Europe in the 17th century. Explore its history and deadly effects.
- [The Deadliest Fashion Trends of the Georgian Era](https://www.historydefined.net/deadliest-georgian-fashion-trends/) - Uncover deadly Georgian fashion trends: witness how beauty turned lethal with toxic makeup, constricting corsets & flammable fabrics.
- [Hisashi Ouchi: The Irradiated Man Kept Alive For 83 Days](https://www.historydefined.net/hisashi-ouchi/) - Due to an accident, Hisashi Ouchi was exposed to radiation. He was rushed to the hospital, but it was too late. Sadly, his story didn't end there.
- [The Tragedy of the USS Indianapolis: The Worst Shark Attack in History](https://www.historydefined.net/uss-indianapolis/) - The USS Indianapolis was a US Navy cruiser during WW2. It was sunk by a Japanese submarine, resulting in one of the largest maritime disasters in US history.
- [Where Did the Hollow Earth Conspiracy Come From?](https://www.historydefined.net/where-did-the-hollow-earth-conspiracy-come-from/) - In this article, we explore the origins of the hollow earth conspiracy theory and offer some insight into why it has captured people's imaginations.
- [Who was Lilith, Adam's first wife in the garden of Eden?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-was-lilith-adamss-first-wife-in-the-garden-of-eden/) - A look at the creation myth of Lilith, who some say was Adam's first wife before Eve. Find out who Lilith is and how she plays a part in Adam's life.
- [Greek Fire: The Byzantine Empire's Secret Weapon](https://www.historydefined.net/greek-fire/) - The fire sliced through the sea, stoking the flames of fear in the enemies of the Byzantine Empire. The "liquid fire" —as it was popularly known— and its secrets were so crucial that Emperor Romanos II, the Byzantine emperor who reigned between 959-963 AD, declared that three things must never fall into the hands of
- [H.P. Lovecraft: Tales From the Edge of Darkness ](https://www.historydefined.net/hp-lovecraft/) - Dive into the life of HP Lovecraft, an enigmatic writer whose troubled existence inspired a universe of cosmic horror and dark fantasy.
- [The Mysterious "Red Paint People" of Prehistoric Northeastern North America](https://www.historydefined.net/red-paint-people/) - Discover the enigmatic "Red Paint People" of Prehistoric America: Unravel their origins, culture, and the secrets behind their vibrant art. Until the early 19th Century, the mysterious race known as the "Red Paint People" existed only in the realm of mythology; phantasmal beings said to have roamed the forests of New England and Atlantic Canada thousands of years in the past. Folkloric fodder. Their one prominent characteristic was their bright red skin. The myth began
- [27 Stunning Photos of World War One in Color](https://www.historydefined.net/color-photos-wwi/) - The cataclysmic conflict of World War One occupies a unique position in the panorama of human history, marking a turning point of transformation and tragedy. This article presents a stunning collection of colorized photographs that breathe new life into the distant past, illuminating the intricacies of a world engulfed in the tumult of war. As
- [What was the real inspiration for Beauty and the Beast?](https://www.historydefined.net/true-story-of-beauty-and-the-beast/) - Did you know that the story of Beauty and the Beast was partially based on a true story? Get the details on the classic fairy tale here.
- [What Was Life Like At The Palace Of Versailles?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-life-like-at-the-palace-of-versailles/) - French royalty lived in a world of extravagance and excess. Find out what life was like for the royal family, their guests, and those who worked there.
- [The Amazing Engineering of Ancient Roman Roads](https://www.historydefined.net/roman-roads/) - Learn about the amazing engineering and construction techniques used by the ancient Romans to build roads that still stand today!
- [Cuneiform: The World's Oldest Writing System](https://www.historydefined.net/cuneiform/) - Discover cuneiform, the ancient writing system of Mesopotamia, its rich history, evolution, and impact on modern-day languages & communication.
- [What did Jesus Really Look Like?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-did-jesus-really-look-like/) - Uncover Jesus' true appearance in a deep dive into historical clues, ancient art, and archaeology to reveal Christ's looks.
- [Gilles de Rais, the serial killer who inspired Bluebeard](https://www.historydefined.net/gilles-de-rais/) - Explore the dark tale of Gille de Rais, the infamous 15th-century knight turned serial killer. Unravel his twisted mind and chilling secrets.
- [The 7 most controversial psychological experiments of all time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-7-most-controversial-psychological-experiments-of-all-time/) - From the Stanford Prison Experiment to the Milgram Experiment, these psychological experiments caused a stir and shocked the world.
- [Marilyn Vos Savant, The "World's Smartest Woman" with a 228 IQ](https://www.historydefined.net/marilyn-vos-savant/) - Marilyn Vos Savant was the Guinness record holder for highest IQ and a renowned author known for her "Ask Marilyn" column, sharing wisdom & solving puzzles.
- [The True Story of Nikola Tesla's Death Ray](https://www.historydefined.net/nikola-tesla-death-ray/) - Discover the fascinating story of Nikola Tesla's "death ray" and its potential to harness energy in this intriguing story.
- [The Story of Hachiko: Japan’s Favorite Dog](https://www.historydefined.net/hachiko-the-dog/) - Hachiko, Japan's most famous dog, is a symbol of loyalty and devotion. Discover the heartwarming true story of a dog who waited for his owner every day.
- [The Little Albert Experiment: A Case Study for Unethical Science](https://www.historydefined.net/the-little-albert-experiment/) - Most of us know that infants are highly impressionable. Their brains are like sponges, and their experiences during this formative period can stay with them for years or even decades. Unfortunately for a little toddler named Albert, the researchers who experimented on him weren’t thinking about long-term damage. Instead, they decided to test Albert’s response
- [What Caused the Vietnam War?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-caused-the-vietnam-war/) - Learn about the causes of the Vietnam War, including the Cold War tensions, anti-colonialism, and conflicting political ideologies.
- [How Did The Cold War Start and Why Did it End?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-and-why-did-the-cold-war-end/) - A look at the origins of the Cold War, its development in Europe and Asia, how it ended, and what lessons history provides.
- [The history of the Catawba tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/catawba-tribe/) - Explore the Catawba Tribe, a Native American tribe in Carolinasknown for their history, culture, and traditions, including pottery and basket weaving.
- [History and culture of the Cahuila Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/cahuila-tribe/) - Discover the Cahuila Tribe, a Southern California Native American tribe known for their vibrant cultural heritage and traditional arts and crafts.
- [The Lakota Tribe: History, Facts, and More](https://www.historydefined.net/the-lakota-tribe/) - The Lakota are among the oldest Native American tribes and part of the larger group of Sioux tribes in the Midwest. They have been an integral part of the region for centuries, living off the land and preserving their traditions and practices. The Lakota were a nomadic tribe that roamed what is now known as
- [History and Culture of the Arapaho Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/arapaho-tribe/) - Explore the fascinating history and cultural heritage of the Arapaho Tribe, from their nomadic roots to their modern way of life. Learn more here.
- [What Was Life in the Thirteen Colonies Like?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-life-in-the-thirteen-colonies-like/) - If you're curious about what life was like in the thirteen colonies, look no further! This article covers everything from economics to religion to daily life.
- [5 Of The Most Infamous Cults in US History](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-infamous-cults-in-us-history/) - Since the start of human civilization, cults have had a gnarly effect on people. These secret groups have made countless headlines worldwide and continue to surprise people with the extent of their beliefs. These groups' list of crimes and unacceptable activities is ever-increasing. Even more alarming is that these cults are made up of regular
- [The Holy History of the Spear of Longinus](https://www.historydefined.net/the-spear-of-longinus/) - With Christianity's history spanning thousands of years, there are plenty of mysteries and relics. One of these relics has a unique history, the spear of Longinus. Learn what it is and why this relic is still a mystery.
- [15 Common Historical Stories That Aren’t True](https://www.historydefined.net/common-historical-stories-that-arent-true/) - Much of the stories passed down from history aren't as accurate as they seem. Some exaggerated, others whitewashed rumors recanted through the times.
- [The Strange and Surprising History of Mardi Gras](https://www.historydefined.net/mardi-gras/) - Discover the unexpected and intriguing origins of Mardi Gras, from medieval Europe to modern-day celebrations in New Orleans. Explore the history now.
- [The Strange and Brutal History of Crucifixion ](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-crucifixion/) - Explore the history of crucifixion, including where it was used, who practiced it and what happened during a crucifixion.
- [What Happened to the Lighthouse of Alexandria?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-happened-to-the-lighthouse-of-alexandria/) - The Lighthouse of Alexandria was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. But what happened to this marvelous structure? Find out here!
- [10 of the Best Books on Native American History](https://www.historydefined.net/best-books-on-native-american-history/) - Books about Native American history offer a unique and important perspective on the past. They can provide insights into the cultures and customs of indigenous people, as well as the challenges they have faced over the years. Here are ten of the best books on Native American history. Empire of the Summer Moon by S.
- [Who Were the 12 Knights of the Round Table?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-12-knights-of-the-round-table/) - History has it that no king was ruling over England after the death of King Uther Pendragon, the legendary king of the Briton and also the father of King Arthur. After Uther’s death, the nobles of Britain disputed the right of succession for their next king. Merlin, the mythical character, orchestrated and foretold the future
- [The 16 Greatest Viking Leaders of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/greatest-viking-leaders-of-all-time/) - ikings were some of the most feared and celebrated warriors of all time. Here are the 17 greatest Viking leaders who ever lived.
- [Hell on Earth: The Siege of Sevastopol](https://www.historydefined.net/the-siege-of-sevastopol/) - On the 4th of July 1942, the city of Sevastopol on the southwestern extremity of the Crimean Peninsula fell to the eastward advance of Nazi Germany into the Soviet Union. It was the culmination of an eight-month-long siege and one of the bloodiest engagements of the Second World War. By the time it ended, approximately
- [Ivar the Boneless: The life of the fearsome Viking king](https://www.historydefined.net/ivar-the-boneless/) - Vikings are often depicted as brutal warriors, striking fear into the hearts of all who dare stand in their way. Many impressive figures illuminate the pages of their rich history. Amongst them, Ivar the Boneless, a legendary figure in Viking lore, was a warrior of especially unmatched ferocity and cunning. His name alone conjures images
- [9 Japanese Gods and Goddesses Everyone Should Learn About](https://www.historydefined.net/japanese-gods-and-goddesses/) - Since the first man walked the earth, observed values, vices, and ethos about any group of people at any point in time can be traced back to supernatural entities — gods, devils, angels, demons, and everything in between. Every culture, from the Romans to the Greeks, the Egyptians, and many others, has a pantheon representing
- [Six Intense Rivalries That Changed The Course of History](https://www.historydefined.net/6-of-historys-most-intense-rivalries/) - The history of the world is filled with countless rivalries. In this article, we'll cover six feuds that were intense enough to change history forever.
- [Charles Robert Jenkins, A US Defector To North Korea](https://www.historydefined.net/charles-robert-jenkins/) - Learn about the life of Charles Robert Jenkins, a U.S. soldier who defected to North Korea in 1965 and spent 40 years living in the country.
- [Gunung Padang, The World's Oldest Pyramid](https://www.historydefined.net/gunung-padang-the-worlds-oldest-pyramid/) - Gunung Padang, located in Indonesia, is believed to be the world's oldest pyramid. Dutch colonizers discovered it in the early 20th century, which allowed organizations to study it extensively. Gunung Padang covers approximately 150,000 square meters of land, and experts believe it was built more than 20,000 years ago. However, there are still many questions
- [A History of the White Wedding Dress](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-the-white-wedding-dress/) - Weddings are almost incomplete without the bride adorned in a beautiful wedding dress. The groom, family, friends, and guests look forward to being wowed by the appearance and style of the bride’s dress. The wedding dresses often take center stage in the ceremony and serve as a memory for years. Hence, many brides spend tons
- [The Images That Shaped History: Iconic Photos of World War II](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-photos-of-world-war-ii/) - World War II was a defining moment in human history, and the photographs taken during this time capture the heroism, tragedy, and triumph of the era. From the rubble of Stalingrad to the beaches of Normandy, these images have become iconic symbols of the sacrifices made by soldiers and civilians alike. Let's take a journey
- [The Schist Disk: Egypt and "Advanced" Technology](https://www.historydefined.net/the-schist-disk/) - Since discovered in 1936 in the Egyptian village of Saqqara, the so-called “Schist Disk” has been used to support the widely-held contention that the ancient Egyptian culture acquired technology far superior to their own at some point in their development from an outside source. And while this disk may not be definitive proof of that
- [What Are the Stone Spheres of Costa Rica?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-are-the-stone-spheres-of-costa-rica/) - These mysterious stone spheres have been a puzzle to archaeologists and historians for decades. Learn more about them here!
- [Why Did the Renaissance Begin in Italy?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-did-the-renaissance-begin-in-italy/) - Discover why the Renaissance began in Italy. Explore the urbanized society, thriving economy, and influential patrons that fueled this cultural rebirth.
- [The Extraordinary Life and Times of the Corn Flake King: John Harvey Kellogg](https://www.historydefined.net/john-harvey-kellog/) - Delve into the peculiar and fascinating life of John Harvey Kellogg, the inventor of corn flakes and a leader in the wellness and eugenics movements.
- [The 21 All-Time Best Books on Roman History](https://www.historydefined.net/the-all-time-best-books-on-roman-history/) - Interested in learning more about Roman history? Here are the best Roman history books to get you started!
- [7 Of The Greatest Generals In History](https://www.historydefined.net/the-greatest-generals-in-history/) - Throughout history, there have been plenty of successful military leaders. However, a select handful stands out from the multitude, famous for their courage, brilliance, and remarkable leadership — those whose innovations in combat helped shape the society we live in today. From Alexander the Great to Napoleon Bonaparte, these great generals have achieved feats that
- [The Puzzling Search for the Tomb of Jesus](https://www.historydefined.net/tomb-of-jesus/) - Unravel the mystery of the location of Jesus' tomb. Discover the facts and theories surrounding the search for the holiest of Christian relics.
- [Hannibal's Pyrrhic Victory at the Battle of Cannae](https://www.historydefined.net/battle-of-cannae/) - Learn about Hannibal's brilliant tactics and devastating victory over Rome at the Battle of Cannae. Discover how his triumph came at a terrible cost.
- [History and Culture of the Cayuse Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/cayuse-tribe/) - Uncover the captivating history and unique culture of the Cayuse Tribe, from their early days in the Pacific Northwest to present times. Discover more now.
- [History and Culture of the Arikara Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/arikara-tribe/) - Discover the rich history and vibrant culture of the Arikara Tribe, from their ancestral roots to contemporary traditions. Explore now.
- [The Legend of the Honjō Masamune](https://www.historydefined.net/honjo-masamune/) - The Legend of the Honjo Masamune is a fascinating tale about the most famous samurai sword in Japanese history. Discover the sword's mysterious past.
- [The Matawan Man-eater: The real-life inspiration for Jaws](https://www.historydefined.net/the-matawan-man-eater/) - Discover the terrifying true story of "The Matawan Man-eater," the infamous shark that inspired the classic novel and film "Jaws."
- [Who Were The Sons of Zeus?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-sons-of-zeus/) - In Greek mythology, Zeus is a powerful deity of sky and thunder who ruled as the monarch of Mount Olympus and the head of all gods. In his private life, Zeus was quite the casanova, fathering over 100 children with various mortal and divine women. Among these children were some of Greek mythology's most famous
- [How Europe Divided Africa at the Berlin Conference of 1884](https://www.historydefined.net/berlin-conference-of-1884/) - Africa faced one of its greatest challenges when Europe decided to colonize that vast continent filled with natural resources. Learn how Europe divided Africa at the Berlin Conference of 1884 and its impact on the continent.
- [Were Modern Depictions of Jesus based on Cesare Borgia?](https://www.historydefined.net/cesare-borgia-jesus/) - Writing in 1843 in his collection of eighteen essays compiled and entitled as Celebrated Crimes, the great French novelist, Alexandre Dumas, made a startling claim about modern depictions of Jesus Christ. Dumas claimed that all modern depictions made of the great Jewish prophet and the Christian son of god stemmed from pictures of one individual. That
- [What Was It Like To Be A Soldier In The American Civil War?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-it-like-to-be-a-soldier-in-the-american-civil-war/) - There were many hardships that these soldiers had to face, including death, injury, and disease. Let's take a closer look at what life was like for the average soldier in the American Civil War.
- [How Many Descendants Does Genghis Khan Have Today?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-many-descendants-does-genghis-khan-have-today/) - Gengis Khan is one of the most renowned conquerors ever known to man. He was a leadership phenomenon famous for successfully uniting the Mongol tribes into a single independent polity and establishing the legendary Mongol Empire, which became the world's largest land empire ever ruled by one man. To add to his already astonishing legacy,
- [9 Stories about Genghis Khan That You've Probably Never Heard](https://www.historydefined.net/unbelievable-stories-about-genghis-khan-and-the-mongol-empire/) - Genghis Khan was a warlord who started out small but went on to build one of the largest empires in human history. Here are 9 things you may not know about him!
- [The Winter War: The Soviet Invasion of Finland ](https://www.historydefined.net/winter-war/) - Explore the Winter War - the 1939-1940 conflict between the Soviet Union and Finland. Learn about the causes, battles, and aftermath of this historic event.
- [The Women Of The Third Reich](https://www.historydefined.net/the-women-of-the-third-reich/) - The memory of the Third Reich in Nazi Germany will forever live on as one of the darkest, most terrifying regimes in history. It led to the brutal end of millions of innocent people throughout Europe. When we think of the Third Reich, most immediately think of the "Führer" himself, Adolf Hitler, who led this
- [Jenny Barkmann: The "Beautiful Spectre" of Stutthof](https://www.historydefined.net/jenny-barkmann/) - Jenny Barkmann, the "Beautiful Spectre" of Stutthof, was a Nazi concentration camp guard sentenced to death for her exceptional cruelty towards prisoners.
- [What was Caduceus, the staff of Hermes?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-caduceus-the-staff-of-hermes/) - Caduceus, the symbol of medicine is often associated with the god Hermes. Discover the mythology, history, and modern interpretations of these ancient symbols.
- [Who Was Virginia Clemm, the Wife of Edgar Allan Poe?](https://www.historydefined.net/virginia-clemm/) - Virginia Clemm was the wife and cousin of American writer Edgar Allan Poe, and she tragically died of tuberculosis at the young age of 24.
- [Was Sweden Actually Neutral in WW2?](https://www.historydefined.net/was-sweden-actually-neutral-in-ww2/) - Explore Sweden's role in WW2. Discover if Sweden was truly neutral or if their actions favored one side. Learn the historical context behind their decisions.
- [The Brutal History of Seppuku and Hara-kiri](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-seppuku/) - Seppuku, also known as hara-kiri, was a traditional Japanese form of ritual suicide performed by samurai warriors. Learn about its history .
- [Martin Sommer: The guard too cruel for even the Nazis](https://www.historydefined.net/martin-sommer/) - Martin Sommer, a notorious SS officer, evaded punishment for crimes committed at Buchenwald camp during WWII, but was later convicted and imprisoned.
- [The Life of a Mongol Warrior under Genghis Khan](https://www.historydefined.net/life-of-a-mongol-warrior/) - Discover the life of a Mongol warrior under Genghis Khan - from their training and battles to their code of conduct and way of life.
- [The Horrifying History of Civil War Medicine](https://www.historydefined.net/civil-war-medicine/) - Discover the gruesome realities of Civil War medicine. From amputations to infections, learn about the horrors of the battlefield.
- [What was education like in ancient Mesopotamia?](https://www.historydefined.net/education-in-ancient-mesopotamia/) - Discover how education was carried out in ancient Mesopotamia, from cuneiform writing to religious schools. Learn about the past to understand the present.
- [Who Were the Gilded Age Robber Barons? ](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-gilded-age-robber-barons/) - Learn about the infamous Gilded Age Robber Barons who amassed great wealth and power in America. Discover their stories in this informative blog post.
- [History and Culture of the Blackfeet Nation ](https://www.historydefined.net/blackfeet-nation/) - Discover the fascinating history and vibrant culture of the Blackfeet Nation, an Indigenous community with a rich and enduring legacy.
- [The history and culture of the Algonquin Tribe ](https://www.historydefined.net/the-history-and-culture-of-the-algonquin-tribe/) - Learn about the Algonquin Tribe, one of the first nations to inhabit North America. Discover their customs, traditions, and history.
- [A Backyard Project That Went Radioactive: David Hahn's Nuclear Reactor ](https://www.historydefined.net/david-hahn-radioactive-boyscout/) - In the 1990s, a teenager named David Hahn set out to build a nuclear reactor in his mom's backyard. This is the incredible (and dangerous) story.
- [Did Pharaoh Akhenaten lay the foundation for Abrahamic Religion? ](https://www.historydefined.net/pharaoh-akhenaten-abrahamic-religion/) - Did Pharaoh Akhenaten, who is known for outlawing traditional Egyptian polytheism, have an influence on the development of Abrahamic religions?
- [Sir Christopher Lee: From WW2 spy to Hollywood legend ](https://www.historydefined.net/sir-christopher-lee/) - Christopher Lee, an iconic actor, singer, and war hero, lived a remarkable life spanning nearly a century. Discover his legacy and contributions today.
- [From trapper to legend: The iconic life of Hugh Glass](https://www.historydefined.net/hugh-glass/) - Hugh Glass was an American frontiersman and trapper who survived a grizzly bear attack and crawled over 200 miles to safety.
- [The history and culture of the Abenaki Tribe ](https://www.historydefined.net/abenaki-tribe/) - The Abenaki people are a tribe with a rich history and culture. This article explores their origins, beliefs, and way of life.
- [Untangling the myths around throwing shoes on power lines](https://www.historydefined.net/throwing-shoes-on-power-lines/) - The myth about throwing shoes on power lines is one of many stories that have been circulating for decades, but does it actually hold any merit?
- [Kandake Amanirenas: The one-eyed African queen who defeated the Romans ](https://www.historydefined.net/kandake-amanirenas/) - Learn about one of history's most impressive women - Kandake Amanirenas, the one-eyed African queen who defeated the mighty Romans.
- [Viking Weddings: Stories of Tradition and Sacredness](https://www.historydefined.net/viking-weddings/) - Wedding ceremonies have been around for centuries, with each culture having its own unique traditions. Learn about Viking weddings and their sacred rituals.
- [Nome Serum Run: How dog sleds saved thousands of lives](https://www.historydefined.net/nome-serum-run/) - In January 1925, a diphtheria epidemic swept through Nome, Alaska. Learn how the men and dogs of the famous Nome Serum Run saved the day.
- [Onna-Bugeisha: A History of Japan's Female Samurai Warriors](https://www.historydefined.net/onna-bugeisha/) - Discover the fascinating history of Japan's female samurai warriors, from their origins in legend to their pivotal role in feudal society.
- [The Panic of 1819: The United States' First Great Depression](https://www.historydefined.net/the-panic-of-1819-the-united-states-first-great-depression/) - A financial crisis in the early 19th century led to panic and a depression that lasted for several years. Learn more about America's first great depression.
- [What was the Encomienda System?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-the-encomienda-system/) - The encomienda system was a Spanish feudal system prevalent in the 16th century in the Americas. Although it was purported to benefit the Indigenous communities over which it ruled, it was, in essence, very thinly veiled slavery. It led to the Spanish conquistadors amassing land in the colonies and taking advantage of the labor of
- [A Brief History of the Oneida Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/oneida-tribe/) - The Oneida tribe has a rich and fascinating history that is worth exploring. Learn more about their culture, their struggles, and their triumphs here.
- [The extraordinary life of astronaut Ronald McNair](https://www.historydefined.net/ronald-mcnair/) - Learn about the inspiring life of Ronald McNair and his journey from being a boy in segregated South Carolina to one of the first African American astronauts.
- [Bill the Butcher: The notorious life of William Poole](https://www.historydefined.net/bill-the-butcher-the-notorious-life-of-william-poole/) - William Poole, aka Bill the Butcher, was a fierce knife-wielding gang leader in 19th-century New York City. He led the nativist street gang Bowery Boys, went on to rule the criminal underworld, and later got into politics. Bill’s larger-than-life presence was immortalized by actor Daniel Day-Lewis’ fictionalized portrayal of him as William “Bill the Butcher”
- [What caused the Korean War and how did the US get involved?](https://www.historydefined.net/causes-of-korean-war/) - The end of World War II promised an era of peace in Asia and the West. The neutralization of Japan in the region led Korea to be under the control of two superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. But what seemed an excellent decision to control the tides of war was the first
- [What Were Homes Like in Ancient Egypt?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-were-homes-like-in-ancient-egypt/) - Ancient Egypt is known for its grand pyramids, impressive temples, and elaborate tombs, but what about the everyday homes of the people who lived there? The architecture and design of ancient Egyptian homes offer a look at the daily lives of the people who called this land home. From the bustling cities of the Nile
- [Raising the Seawise Giant: the fascinating history of the largest ship ever built](https://www.historydefined.net/seawise-gaint/) - Learn about the history of the biggest ship ever built - the Seawise Giant! This behemoth was an engineering marvel and a floating city.
- [Everything You Need to Know About Roman Homes](https://www.historydefined.net/everything-you-need-to-know-about-roman-homes/) - From the wealthy to the poor, learn everything you need to know about Roman homes - from their construction and design to their common features.
- [How Did Al Capone Get His Infamous Scars?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-did-al-capone-get-his-infamous-scars/) - In 1923, Al Capone was attacked and left with six total scars on his face. This article explores how he got those facial scars.
- [Georgia Tann stole thousands of babies from the poor and gave them to the rich](https://www.historydefined.net/georgia-tann/) - Learn about one of America's most horrendous secrets -- a woman who stole children from their families and sold them to wealthy couples.
- [10 of the most destructive tsunamis of all time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-most-destructive-tsunamis-of-all-time/) - Tsunamis are some of the most devastating natural disasters in the world. Find out about some of history's worst tsunamis
- [Does the Legendary Elephant Graveyard Actually Exist?](https://www.historydefined.net/does-the-elephant-graveyard-actually-exist/) - While it's virtually impossible to trace the origin of this curious legend, it's quite evident that famed adventure, sci-fi, and fantasy writer Edgar Rice Burroughs was instrumental in bringing the "elephant graveyard" to popular culture through this heroic character, Tarzan. First in his Tarzan adventure novels (beginning in 1912), then through film adaptations (starting in
- [The History of Dragons in Myth and Folklore](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-dragons/) - Dragons are one of the most popular creatures in mythology, appearing in cultures all over the world. Explore their origins and learn about some famous dragons.
- [Nils Bohlin, the Volvo engineer who saved thousands of lives](https://www.historydefined.net/nils-bohlin/) - Learn about the life and work of Nils Bohlin, who invented the three-point seatbelt and helped reduce fatalities in car accidents.
- [Did the Iron Claw of Archimedes devastate a Roman fleet?](https://www.historydefined.net/iron-claw-of-archimedes/) - The story of how a simple machine designed by Archimedes devastated a Roman fleet and saved a city from being sacked for almost a decade.
- [The Reverend Jim Jones: Profile of a Megalomaniac ](https://www.historydefined.net/jim-jones/) - Learn about the life of Jim Jones, the founder and leader of the Peoples Temple who led hundreds of his followers to commit mass suicide.
- [6 Iconic Figures Whose Identities We Still Don’t Know](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-figures-whose-identities-we-still-dont-know/) - One thing you will expect from historical figures is that their identity will be known to all. I mean, how do you achieve historical and potentially legendary status and still not be known? Some would say it defeats the purpose of being more than a footnote in history, but the people on this list would
- [The Life of Maurice Tillet, The Man Who May Have Inspired Shrek](https://www.historydefined.net/maurice-tillet/) - Learn about the life of Maurice Tillet, who may have been the real-life inspiration for the hit movie Shrek.
- [German Hyperinflation Made A Loaf of Bread Cost 200 Billion Marks in 1923](https://www.historydefined.net/german-hyperinflation/) - In November 1923, a loaf of bread cost 200 billion marks. This is just one example of the hyperinflation that occurred in Germany during the early 1920s.
- [27 Amazing Photos of World War Two in Color](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-of-world-war-two-in-color/) - Experience history like never before with our stunning color photos from World War Two collection. From the front lines to everyday life, these photos vividly illustrate one of the most transformative periods in modern history. So get ready to be transported back in time and see the war in a new light. If you enjoyed
- [Death by Beer: The London Beer Flood of 1814](https://www.historydefined.net/the-london-beer-flood-of-1814/) - While the concept of a flood of beer filling the streets of your city does not sound frightening at first, the London Beer Flood of 1814 was a terrifying disaster that took eight people's lives. The streets of London and many other cities during this period were narrow and cramped. Many people also lived below
- [The history and culture of the Chippewa Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/chippewa-tribe/) - Learn about the history and culture of the Chippewa tribe, one of the most prominent Native American groups in North America.
- [What Was Child Labor Like During the Industrial Revolution?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-child-labor-like-during-the-industrial-revolution/) - Thousands of children were forced to work in factories during the Industrial Revolution. Learn more about their difficult lives
- [Operation Unthinkable: The UK’s Plan To Attack The USSR After WW2](https://www.historydefined.net/operation-unthinkable/) - The period from the end of World War 2 through to (by some accounts) the early 1990s, commonly called the Cold War, is most often remembered as a time when the United States and the Soviet Union were sharply at odds, only moments away from nuclear warfare at any given time. But there was a
- [Cary Grant's infamous fascination with LSD ](https://www.historydefined.net/cary-grants-fascination-with-lsd/) - Did you know that Cary Grant was an advocate for LSD? Learn more about his interesting life and his experimentation with LSD.
- [The True and Tragic Story of Pocahontas That Disney Wouldn’t Tell You](https://www.historydefined.net/the-true-and-tragic-story-of-pocahontas-that-disney-wouldnt-tell-you/) - Few figures from American colonial history are as ubiquitous and perhaps as misunderstood as Pocahontas, the daughter of a Native American chieftain who married an Englishman and ended up in England before passing at an unfortunately young age. Her life has been immortalized in several works, including two Disney films during the 1990s, which presented largely erroneous
- [The strange legacy of the Bigfoot Hunter, Grover Krantz](https://www.historydefined.net/grover-krantz/) - Learn about Grover Krantz, a self-proclaimed Bigfoot hunter who dedicated his life to proving the existence of the creature.
- [Inside Abscam: The FBI Sting to Expose Corruption in Congress](https://www.historydefined.net/abscam/) - In the early 1980s, the FBI set up a sting operation called Abscam to expose corruption among members of Congress. Here's how it worked.
- [Amazing Photographs of 1950s Post-War Germany](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-of-1950s-post-war-germany/) - A fascinating look at the rebuilding of post-war Germany, as seen through the lens of a talented photographer.
- [Exploring The Sunken Roman City of Baia in Italy](https://www.historydefined.net/sunken-city-of-baia/) - Dive into the sunken Roman city of Baia and explore the fascinating history and archaeology of this ancient seaside town.
- [The ghost ship Octavius: adrift at sea for 13 years](https://www.historydefined.net/ghost-ship-octavius/) - The story of the ghost ship Octavius, which was lost at sea for thirteen years before mysteriously reappearing with no crew.
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- [The Amasunzu hairstyle: A traditional Rwandan haircut](https://www.historydefined.net/amasunzu-hairstyle/) - Learn about the Amasunzu hairstyle, a traditional Rwandan haircut that is making a comeback.
- [Photos that bring WW2's nightmarish eastern front to life](https://www.historydefined.net/photos-ww2-eastern-front/) - The Second World War was filled with well-known historical moments, from the Battle of Britain to the bombing of Hiroshima. But one theatre of war that often remains overshadowed is the Eastern Front - a brutal and extended campaign between Germany and the Soviet Union. As the two superpowers clashed across thousands of miles, millions
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- [Joe Profaci: The life of the olive oil king](https://www.historydefined.net/joe-profaci/) - Learn about the life of Mafia boss and olive oil king Joe Profaci, one of the most powerful men in America during his time.
- [Amazing colorized photos that bring 1930s America to life](https://www.historydefined.net/colorized-photos-of-1930s-america/) - The 1930s was a tumultuous period in United States history. The Great Depression left millions out of work, causing tremendous suffering throughout the country. Yet it could also be seen as a decade when Americans came together to lift each other in times of trouble. Here are a series of colorized photographs that bring back
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- [The Ouija Board - How did this strange board game catch on?](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-the-ouija-board/) - Find out how the Ouija Board became a popular form of spirit communication, and why it's still being sold to people worldwide.
- [The True Story of Jules Brunet, ‘The Last Samurai’](https://www.historydefined.net/jules-brunet-the-last-samurai/) - Discover the story of Jules Brunet, the French-born "samurai" who became a symbol of the Meiji Restoration and an iconic movie character.
- [How Hanna-Barbera revolutionized animation](https://www.historydefined.net/how-hanna-barbera-revolutionized-animation/) - In this article, we explore how Hanna-Barbera forever changed the animation industry and left an indelible mark on pop culture.
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- [Inside Eastern State Hospital: America's first official mental hospital](https://www.historydefined.net/eastern-state-hospital-americas-first-mental-hospital/) - Learn about the history of America's first mental hospital, Eastern State Hospital, and the treatment of mental illness during that time.
- [How Flightless Birds Beat the Australian Army in the Great Emu War](https://www.historydefined.net/great-emu-war/) - The story of how Australia's military force was overrun by flightless birds in one of most embarrassing moments in history.
- [The Strange Story of the Real Hunchback of Notre Dame](https://www.historydefined.net/who-was-the-real-hunchback-of-notre-dame/) - Learn about the real hunchback of Notre Dame that inspired author Victor Hugo and how his story differs from the one you know.
- [Why was Lenin’s body preserved after he died?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-was-lenins-body-preserved-after-he-died/) - Learn about the fascinating history of Vladimir Lenin's body being preserved and kept on display for years after his death.
- [What Was a Day in the Life of an Average Roman Like?](https://www.historydefined.net/life-of-an-average-roman/) - From what they ate to how they spent their free time, learn everything there is to know about what an average day was like for a Roman citizen.
- [The History and True Identity of the Mona Lisa](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-mona-lisas-true-identity/) - he Mona Lisa is one of the most famous paintings in the world. But who was she? And what's the real story behind this masterpiece?
- [The Strange Life of Tarrare, the Insatiable Glutton](https://www.historydefined.net/life-of-tarrare/) - Tarrare was a French glutton who became famous in the 18th century for his insatiable hunger. This is the bizarre story of his life.
- [The 10 Best Books About WW2 Ever Written](https://www.historydefined.net/the-10-best-books-about-ww2-ever-written/) - If you're looking for a good book to read about World War II, look no further. We've compiled a list of the best books on the subject.
- [Ten of the Most Terrible Years to Be Alive](https://www.historydefined.net/ten-of-the-most-terrible-years-to-be-alive/) - Find out which years were considered the worst for humanity, and read about some of the horrible things that occurred during these tragic times.
- [What Happened to Albert Einstein’s Brain After He Died?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-happened-to-albert-einsteins-brain-after-he-died/) - The answer will likely surprise you. Learn what happened to Albert Einstein's brain after he died and why it was so strange.
- [What Was the Enclosure Movement?](https://www.historydefined.net/enclosure-movement/) - The enclosure movement was a process in which the British Parliament seized common land and privatized it, affecting millions of people.
- [What Was Drug Use Like in Viking Culture?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-drug-use-like-in-viking-culture/) - The Vikings were a notoriously hardy people, known for their seafaring and raiding abilities. But what was their drug culture like?
- [How Did Tulips Create the World’s First Economic Bubble?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-did-tulips-create-the-worlds-first-economic-bubble/) - Learn about tulip mania, the first economic bubble in history, how it changed the world, and what lessons we can learn today.
- [How and Why Did The Dodo Bird Go Extinct?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-and-why-did-the-dodo-bird-go-extinct/) - In this article, we explore the sad story of the extinction of the dodo bird, including its history and how and why it happened.
- [What is the Historical Link Between Cops and Doughnuts?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-is-the-historical-link-between-cops-and-doughnuts/) - Ever wondered why people believe that cops love doughnuts so much? Here's a look at the history of this belief and where it originated.
- [What Was Life Like for a Roman Slave?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-life-like-for-a-roman-slave/) - Learn about what life was like for a Roman slave, working in the home or on the farm. Get an inside look at their roles and duties.
- [What Happened After the Black Death Ended?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-happened-after-the-black-death/) - The black death may have ended, but it left behind a changed Europe. Find out what happened after this epic plague passed and still affects society today!
- [The Meteoric Rise of Snoopy: An American Pop Icon](https://www.historydefined.net/snoopy-an-american-pop-icon/) - From his humble beginnings as a cartoon character in the 1950s, Snoopy has become one of the most beloved and iconic pop icons in America.
- [The Strange History of Gout, the King's Disease](https://www.historydefined.net/the-history-of-gout/) - From Henry VIII to Catherine de Medici and beyond, gout has been a royal disease. Discover Gout's long and strange history.
- [Did Makeup Cause the Death of Queen Elizabeth I of England?](https://www.historydefined.net/did-makeup-cause-the-death-of-queen-elizabeth-i-of-england/) - Rumors have circulated for centuries that Queen Elizabeth I of England died because of a makeup-related infection. But was this really the cause?
- [Why Was 536 One of the Worst Years to be Alive?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-was-536-one-of-the-worst-years-to-be-alive/) - The year 536 holds a special place in history, albeit for the wrong reasons. This article explores how this date came to be known as one of the worst years ever
- [How different were Swedish, Danish, and Norwegian Vikings?](https://www.historydefined.net/how-different-were-swedish-danish-and-norwegian-vikings/) - Find out more about the different types of vikings that terrorized Europe and discover how they were distinct from each other.
- [Who Are Shinigami, the Death Gods of Japanese Folklore?](https://www.historydefined.net/shinigami/) - Shinigami, also known as "death gods," are supernatural beings that serve to take human lives in Japanese mythology. Learn more about their history.
- [The Devil’s Bible: What was the Codex Gigas? ](https://www.historydefined.net/codex-gigas/) - The Devil's Bible, also known as the Codex Gigas, is a large medieval manuscript with an infamous reputation. Learn more about this unique book and its history.
- [A journey through time: Colorized photos of the US in the 1940s](https://www.historydefined.net/1940s-united-states-in-color/) - Take a nostalgic trip back in time with this collection of colorized photos from the 1940s. Explore the people, places, and events that defined the decade.
- [The life of Joe Bonanno, one of the Mafia's most successful leaders](https://www.historydefined.net/joe-bonanno/) - Learn about the life of Joe "BananasBonanno, one of the most successful and notorious leaders in the history of the Mafia.
- [The Complete History of Garden Gnomes](https://www.historydefined.net/the-complete-history-of-garden-gnomes/) - The history of garden gnomes is a curious one, and their surge in popularity is even more interesting. Learn all about these little creature's origins
- [The Mysterious Nature of Joseph Stalin's Death](https://www.historydefined.net/mysterious-death-of-joseph-stalin/) - Stalin died under very mysterious circumstances. What really happened? Find out more about the man behind the iron curtain.
- [Why Did the Black Hand of Serbia Kill Franz Ferdinand?](https://www.historydefined.net/black-hand-of-serbia/) - The events leading up to World War I were complex, but this article cuts through that chaos and explains how a Serbian terrorist group started WWI.
- [Why Did The Russian Cosmonauts Need Guns in Space?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-did-the-russians-bring-guns-into-space/) - Find out the answer to a question that's been puzzling space enthusiasts for decades. Why did the Russians bring guns into space?
- [The Strange, Tragic Life Of Empress Elisabeth Of Austria](https://www.historydefined.net/empress-elisabeth-of-austria/) - In 1898, the Empress of Austria was assassinated on the street in a bizarre twist of fate. Learn more about her tragic life
- [The Strange and Supernatural Mysteries of Skinwalker Ranch](https://www.historydefined.net/skinwalker-ranch/) - A look at the mysterious events that took place in Utah at a ranch known as Skinwalker. From UFOs to cattle mutilations, this is one story you'll want to read!
- [Did Cannibals really eat Michael Rockefeller?](https://www.historydefined.net/michael-rockefeller/) - On November 17, 1961, Michael Rockefeller disappeared in New Guinea. He was on an expedition to study the local tribes and their culture. The 23-year-old had been on a journey up the Aruwimi River when his canoe capsized. He was never seen again. There are many theories about what happened to Rockefeller, but the most
- [What Was Hygiene Like in Ancient China?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-hygiene-like-in-ancient-china/) - In Ancient China, hygiene practices varied considerably from those we have today. Find their practices and how they differ from the modern era.
- [The Many Amazing Inventions of Ancient Rome](https://www.historydefined.net/roman-inventions/) - Rome lasted for over 1,000 years, from around 753 BC to approximately 476 AD. At its height, the Roman Empire spanned most of Europe, from England to the eastern corners of Babylonia (modern-day Iraq). Ancient Rome has had many contributions to modern life, and we still feel the influences of their culture and methods even
- [The 10 Coolest Archaeological Discoveries of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-10-coolest-archaeological-discoveries-of-all-time/) - In this list, you'll find the top 10 discoveries that show how ancient civilizations lived, what they believed in and where they came from.
- [Color Photos Of The 'Titanic' That Bring It Back To Life](https://www.historydefined.net/color-photos-of-the-titanic-that-bring-it-back-to-life/) - On April 15, 1912, the Titanic—then the world's largest and most luxurious passenger ship—sank to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean after hitting an iceberg, taking more than 1,500 lives with it. In 1985, the wreckage of the Titanic was discovered by a French and American expedition about 12,500 feet below the ocean's surface, and
- [14 Iconic Photos of the Statue of Liberty Under Construction](https://www.historydefined.net/iconic-photos-of-the-statue-of-liberty-under-construction/) - The Statue of Liberty has become a beacon for American freedom, standing proud for around 150 years in the waters of New York. Yet, few people know what it took to construct such an iconic landmark, and even fewer have seen pictures taken during its construction. The statue was completed in 1884 and shipped from
- [What Caused The Dancing Plague of 1518?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-dancing-plague-of-1518/) - Everyone loves a chance to dance. Even mob dance parties that just pop up on the streets are seen as fun and entertaining. But what if you were struck with a disease that left you dancing unwillingly for days? That is what happened in 1518. Let's dive into the dancing plague of 1518 and what
- [The Brazen Bull: One of History's Most Notorious Punishments](https://www.historydefined.net/brazen-bull/) - The brazen bull was a horrifying torture device that originated in ancient Greece. It was essentially a hollow metal sculpture of a bull, with an entrance at the top for the victim's head. Supposedly, the victim would be locked inside and burned to death. The brazen bull was used to execute criminals and political opponents,
- [The Life of "The Oddfather," Vincent Gigante](https://www.historydefined.net/vincent-gigante/) - Vincent Gigante, also known as "The Chin" or "The Oddfather," was arguably one of the most powerful crime bosses in American crime history. His reign was highlighted by guile and ruthlessness. By day he appeared to be an unassuming and unkempt elderly man shuffling around the streets of New York's Little Italy in a bathrobe
- [The Strange History Of Why We Call Them 10 Gallon Hats](https://www.historydefined.net/why-do-we-call-them-10-gallon-hats/) - Ever wonder where the term "10 gallon hat" comes from? Here's a look at the strange and interesting history of this phrase.
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- [Surviving 133 Days at Sea: The Remarkable Life of Poon Lim ](https://www.historydefined.net/poon-lim/) - On November 23, 1942, the Royal Navy destroyer SS Benlomond was torpedoed by a German submarine. Poon Lim, a Chinese civilian seaman aboard the ship, found himself stranded in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Against all odds, Poon Lim survived 133 days at sea before being rescued by Brazilian fishermen. This blog post will
- [The Tragic Lives of Joseph Stalin's Children](https://www.historydefined.net/the-tragic-lives-of-joseph-stalins-children/) - As the offspring of one of history's most notorious dictators, Stalin's children experienced a life fraught with tragedy and hardship.
- [The History of La Catedral, Pablo Escobar's Self-Built Luxury Prison](https://www.historydefined.net/the-history-of-la-catedral/) - Find out about the history behind one of the world's most famous drug kingpins' self-built prison and why he ended up escaping it.
- [The Ramree Island Massacre: How Crocodiles Devoured 500 Japanese Soldiers in WW2](https://www.historydefined.net/the-ramree-island-massacre/) - On February 19, 1945, hundreds of Japanese soldiers died in a gruesome massacre on Ramree Island. Find out what happened here.
- [What Was Life Like in the Medieval Manor?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-life-like-in-the-medieval-manor/) - If you've ever wondered what it was like to live in a Medieval manor, read on for a glimpse into the lives of people during the Middle Ages.
- [What Caused The Great Stink of London?](https://www.historydefined.net/great-stink-of-london/) - In the summer of 1858, a hot, humid London was taken by storm -- by an unbearable stench. Learn what caused The Great Stink and how it was eventually resolved.
- [Why Were Spartan Women So Wealthy?](https://www.historydefined.net/spartan-women-wealthy/) - Spartan women were some of the most affluent in ancient Greece. Find out why this was and what role they played in their society.
- [Why was the Italian Army so Ineffective During WW2? ](https://www.historydefined.net/why-was-the-italian-army-ineffective-during-ww2/) - Italy is known for many achievements, but its military history during WWII is not one of them. Learn why the Italian Army was so ineffective during WWII.
- [What Was Personal Hygiene Like in Ancient Rome?](https://www.historydefined.net/roman-hygiene/) - Undoubtedly one of the things that the Romans were most famous for was their baths. Unlike nearly all earlier civilizations that the archaeological evidence suggests were not overly concerned with personal hygiene, the Romans gave over large spaces in every city and town they built to public spaces where people could go and clean themselves.
- [What Was a Day in the Life of a Medieval Peasant Like?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-life-of-a-medieval-peasant/) - If you've ever wondered what it was like to be a peasant during the Middle AgesThis article will give you a glimpse into the life of these hardworking people.
- [The Strange Plot to Kidnap Abraham Lincoln's Body](https://www.historydefined.net/the-plot-to-kidnap-abraham-lincolns-dead-body/) - In 1865, a group of men attempted to kidnap Abraham Lincoln's dead body and hold it for ransom. Learn more about this bizarre plot.
- [What Was the Factory System?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-factory-system/) - The factory system was a radical change in the way work was done. Learn about the origins of this influential movement and how it changed society forever.
- [The Life of Ching Shih, the World’s Most Successful Pirate](https://www.historydefined.net/ching-shih-pirate/) - Ching Shih was a Chinese pirate who became one of the most successful pirates in history. Learn more about her life and why she was so successful.
- [The Tragic Lobotomy of Rosemary Kennedy](https://www.historydefined.net/rosemary-kennedy/) - After years of struggling with behavioral issues, Rosemary Kennedy was forced to have a lobotomy by her father. This is her story.
- [The Horrifying Plague Filled History Of Poveglia Island](https://www.historydefined.net/poveglia-island/) - This island off the coast of Venice was once a quarantine zone for plague victims. Now, it's said to be one of the most haunted places on Earth.
- [Why was the Oracle of Delphi so important to Ancient Greece?](https://www.historydefined.net/oracle-of-delphi/) - The Oracle of Delphi was a powerful figure in Ancient Greece. Learn more about their importance and the role they played in Ancient Greece.
- [Ivan The Terrible's Many Wives Suffered Horrific Fates](https://www.historydefined.net/ivan-the-terribles-wives/) - Although some wives of Ivan the Terrible had happy lives, many met tragic and early ends. Learn more about their stories here.
- [The History of the Guillotine - Who Invented It and Why?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-invented-the-guillotine/) - Learn everything you need to know about the guillotine, including who invented it, why it was created, and its role in the French Revolution and beyond.
- [Who were the Moirai, the Three Fates of Greek Mythology? ](https://www.historydefined.net/the-three-fates-of-greek-mythology/) - The Moirai, also known as the three fates, played a pivotal role in Greek mythology. Find out more about their origins and what they did.
- [Why Did Agatha Christie Mysteriously Disappear for 11 Days?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-did-agatha-christie-mysteriously-disappear-for-11-days/) - On December 3, 1926, Agatha Christie vanished without a trace. Learn about the circumstances surrounding her mysterious disappearance.
- [The Life Of The Iconic Cartoonist Rube Goldberg ](https://www.historydefined.net/rube-goldberg/) - A look into the life and work of one of America's most renowned cartoonists, Rube Goldberg, and how his work affects us today.
- [The Horrific History of the Oubliette](https://www.historydefined.net/oubliette/) - A dark and terrifying dungeon, the oubliette was used to hold prisoners indefinitely. Learn more about its sinister history.
- [How Sargon of Akkad Created the World's First Empire](https://www.historydefined.net/sargon-of-akkad/) - Sargon of Akkad was an ancient Mesopotamian ruler who is considered to be the founder of the first empire in world history.
- [Who were the Blue Fugates of Kentucky?](https://www.historydefined.net/blue-fugates/) - A little-known family of blue-skinned people once lived in Kentucky. Learn about their story and how they got their unique coloring.
- [The Fascinating History of Europe's Hellfire Clubs](https://www.historydefined.net/history-of-hellfire-clubs/) - Learn about the fascinating and scandalous history of Europe's Hellfire Clubs - exclusive clubs where members indulged in all sorts of depraved activities.
- [The Amazing Truth Behind the 300 Spartans at the Battle of Thermopylae](https://www.historydefined.net/300-spartans-at-the-battle-of-thermopylae/) - In 480 BC, a small force of Spartan warriors led by King Leonidas held off an overwhelming Persian army at the Battle of Thermopylae. Here's the true story.
- [The Strange Origin Of The Term 'Pyrrhic Victory'](https://www.historydefined.net/origins-pyrrhic-victory/) - Pyrrhic victory is a term used in modern English to describe a victory that has been costly to the victor, but where did this phrase originate?
- [Who Were the Green Children of Woolpit?](https://www.historydefined.net/green-children-of-woolpit/) - A look at one of history's most mysterious children, the green children of Woolpit who appeared in Suffolk, England over 700 years ago.
- ['The Most Dangerous Man in Europe': The Life of Otto Skorzeny](https://www.historydefined.net/the-life-of-otto-skorzeny/) - Otto Skorzeny was a Nazi soldier and spy who became known as 'The Most Dangerous Man in Europe.' Learn more about his life and exploits here.
- [How the Marathon Got its Name: An Origin Rooted in Battle and Myth](https://www.historydefined.net/how-the-marathon-got-its-name-an-origin-rooted-in-battle-and-myth/) - The marathon is one of the most popular running events in the world. But where did it come from? Learn about the history of this iconic race.
- [Irezumi: The Fascinating History of Tattoos in Japan](https://www.historydefined.net/the-fascinating-history-of-tattoos-in-japan/) - Tattoos have a long and varied history all over the world, but nowhere is that more apparent than in Japan. Explore the fascinating origins of tattoos in Japan.
- [Who Were Ancient Rome's Most Famous Gladiators?](https://www.historydefined.net/ancient-romes-most-famous-gladiators/) - Gladiator fights were a popular form of entertainment in ancient Rome. Learn about the most famous gladiators and their bloody battles.
- [Molotov Cocktail: The Strange History Of This Iconic Weapon](https://www.historydefined.net/the-fascinating-history-of-the-molotov-cocktail/) - Find out the fascinating history of the Molotov cocktail - one of the most iconic and effective weapons of the modern era.
- [Was Hitler Responsible for the First Inflatable Sex Doll?](https://www.historydefined.net/was-hitler-responsible-for-the-first-inflatable-doll/) - Adolf Hitler and his Nazi regime are often blamed for many things, but did you know they may have been responsible for the first inflatable sex doll?
- [The Swiss Guard: Why Does The Vatican Use Foreign Soldiers?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-does-the-vatican-have-swiss-guards/) - The Swiss Guards have been a feature of the Papal microstate throughout modern history, but where did this tradition originate?
- [The Darker Side of Christmas: The Origins and History of Krampusnacht](https://www.historydefined.net/the-origins-and-history-of-krampusnacht/) - Krampus, the Christmas Devil, has a strange history that spans the globe. Find out more about this pagan tradition and why it's making a comeback.
- [The Strange Historical Origins of the Humpty Dumpty Nursery Rhyme](https://www.historydefined.net/humpty-dumpty-history/) - Discover the strange and surprising history behind one of the world's most beloved and iconic nursery rhymes, Humpty Dumpty.
- [Why Do People Believe Napoleon Was Short?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-do-people-believe-napoleon-was-short/) - Napoleon is one of the most well-known characters in history. He is famous for many things, but interestingly, his height is one of the most notable discussion points. Even in his day, Napoleon was often referred to as a man of small stature. However, much of the discussion of his height was likely related to
- [Where Did the Term “Snake Oil Salesman” Come From?](https://www.historydefined.net/where-did-the-term-snake-oil-salesman-come-from/) - Why did people start calling shysters "snake oil salesman"? Find out the long and oftentimes fascinating history of the term.
- [The Milgram Experiment: Testing Blind Obedience to Authority](https://www.historydefined.net/the-milgram-experiment/) - The 1950s and 1960s were the proverbial heydays for behavioral psychology experiments in the United States. Harry Harlow's Rhesus Monkey Experiments tested the effects of maternal separation and social isolation. The Solomon Asch Conformity Experiments tested the power of conformity in groups. Finally, the New York Child Development Center's Child Development Twin Study examined the effects of twins raised apart. These
- [The Legendary Drinking Habit of Winston Churchill](https://www.historydefined.net/the-legendary-drinking-habit-of-winston-churchill/) - How many drinks did WInston Churchill have each day? Did he really drink right before going to bed every night? Find out in this article.
- [The History of the Mysterious Loretto Chapel Staircase](https://www.historydefined.net/loretto-chapel-staircase/) - Ever since its construction in 1878, the Loretto Chapel staircase has been a mystery. Learn about the history and construction of this puzzling structure.
- [Who was Lucrezia Borgia, The Black Widow Of Rome?](https://www.historydefined.net/lucrezia-borgia/) - Lucrezia Borgia is one of history's most infamous women. Learn more about her life, including the rumors and scandals that surrounded her.
- [The Unexplained Mystery of Peru’s Nazca Lines](https://www.historydefined.net/nazca-lines/) - Thousands of years ago, the Nazca people etched mysterious drawings into the dry desert ground. Today, nobody really knows why -- or how they did it.
- [The Fascinating Story of the Rufus Buck Gang ](https://www.historydefined.net/rufus-buck-gang/) - Learn about the Rufus Buck Gang, a notorious group of criminals and outlaws who terrorized the Midwest in the late 1800s.
- [The Astonishing History of Drug Use During WW2](https://www.historydefined.net/drug-use-ww2/) - In the midst of war, drugs were used to boost morale and keep troops fighting. Here's a look at the fascinating history of drug use during WW2.
- [The Strange History Behind Tarring and Feathering](https://www.historydefined.net/tarring-and-feathering/) - Find out about the history of tarring and feathering, a strange punishment that was once meted out to those who broke the law.
- [What Were the Most Important Inventions of the Renaissance?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-were-the-most-important-inventions-of-the-renaissance/) - The Renaissance was a time of great invention. Discover some of the most important inventions that came out of this period.
- [19 Facts About The Russian Mystic, Madame Blavatsky](https://www.historydefined.net/madame-blavatsky/) - Madame Blavatsky remains in the memory of many as a philosopher, remarkable thinker, writer, and historical mystic figure who caused a profound reawakening in religious consciousness and profoundly influenced the life and spirituality of several people. From her aristocratic background –filled with masonic mysticism– to her adventurous travels around the world and the formation of
- [The History and Culture of the Mohawk Tribe](https://www.historydefined.net/the-history-and-culture-of-the-mohawk-tribe/) - In the history of North America, there is much to say about the individual tribes and nations of Indigenous people whose inhabitance of the land long-outlasts that of European settlers. One such longstanding nation is the Mohawks, formerly a member of the Iroquois Confederacy and a massive player in what is now the Northeastern United
- [What Were The 13 Original Colonies?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-were-the-13-original-colonies/) - A look at the original thirteen colonies in America, the history of their formation, and some of the key players involved.
- [The Secrets and Scars of Clipperton Island's Tragic Past](https://www.historydefined.net/the-tragedy-of-clipperton-island/) - Clipperton island's place in history is bizarre. Located 670 miles southwest off the coast of Mexico in the eastern Pacific and covering only a mere 6 square kilometers of land, Clipperton isn't exactly a fantasy tropical island. This remote and barren island is filled with poisonous crabs, relentlessly battered by rains and storms from May
- [What Was The Importance of the Tennis Court Oath?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-was-the-importance-of-the-tennis-court-oath/) - The Tennis Court Oath was an event that foreshadowed the coming revolution in France in 1789. While this was not seen so clearly when the Oath was taken, the fact that the Tennis Court Oath had to be agreed upon by the Third Estate outside of their normal meeting location in Versailles was an indicator
- [8 Facts About Point Nemo, The Most Remote Place on Earth](https://www.historydefined.net/point-nemo/) - Deep in the ocean's depths, there is a point on the map where no land exists for thousands of kilometers in every direction. This point is called Point Nemo, one of the most remote places on the planet. Yet, despite its extreme remoteness, Point Nemo has become a graveyard for spacecraft, a laboratory for scientists,
- [Did the CIA Really Try to Kill Bob Marley?](https://www.historydefined.net/did-the-cia-really-try-to-kill-bob-marley/) - Robert Nesta Marley, also known as Bob Marley, was a legendary reggae musician, singer, and songwriter from Jamaica. He was born in 1945 in St.Ann Jamacia to Noval Sinclair Marley and Cedella Malcolm. He started his professional music career in 1963 with his band “The Wailers.” Considered one of the pioneers of the reggae culture,
- [Living Between Two Rivers: What Was Daily Life Like for the Average Mesopotamian?](https://www.historydefined.net/daily-life-in-mesopotamia/) - Daily life in Mesopotamia is not so different from daily life for us today. Well, if we can set aside the fact that this civilization existed thousands of years ago, with vastly different social structures, economic systems, and cultural practices. Nevertheless, ancient humans were still humans. They had jobs, they fell in love, they played
- [The extraordinary life of explorer Peter Freuchen](https://www.historydefined.net/peter-freuchen/) - Easily one of the most interesting people that have walked the earth, the life of Peter Freuchen has gained so many public talks. The life he lived suggests that of fulfillment and great exploits. Peter Freuchen was an extraordinary explorer, writer, and anthropologist best known for his expeditions to Greenland and his work among the
- [Who was Otto von Bismarck, the Founder of Modern Germany?](https://www.historydefined.net/otto-von-bismark/) - Otto von Bismarck is one of the key figures who is discussed concerning the formation of a modern Germany. Few people are so central to the story of a nation's formation as this man, and his contributions as a statesman and diplomat are hard to overstate when looking at the formation of Germany as we
- [What Was the Scramble for Africa?](https://www.historydefined.net/the-scramble-for-africa/) - Leading up to the first World War, many major world powers increased their colonial holdings worldwide. Then, in the late 1800s, many major world powers began to move into areas they had not colonized during the Age of Expansion. This was partly fueled by the rise of the factory and the possibility of selling products
- [Charles Ponzi: The man who originated the infamous scam ](https://www.historydefined.net/charles-ponzi/) - The term “ponzi scheme” is a common business term that describes when investors pay money into a nonexistent enterprise, and their money is returned to earlier investors as fake payments. But many may not know that the term originated from Charles Ponzi — an Italian con artist and swindler. They used his charismatic charm and
- [Lost in Time: The Incredible Story of the Lykov Family of the Siberian Wilderness](https://www.historydefined.net/lykov-family/) - Besides a clear, cool stream, a solitary shelter stood. Blackened by weather and time, the structure was piled high on all sides with rubbish. If not for a window the size of a shoe box, it would have been impossible to imagine that people lived inside. But they did. And the arrival of outsiders had
- [Who were the 10 most famous pirates of all time?](https://www.historydefined.net/most-famous-pirates-of-all-time/) - Piracy became an increasingly common way of life for several people in the 16th century. The period between 1650 and 1730 is considered the Golden Age of Piracy. During this time, there were said to have been over 5000 pirates operating at sea. Pirates may have been glamorized on screen in popular culture. Still, images
- [Yolanda Saldívar, The Obsessed Fan Who Murdered Selena](https://www.historydefined.net/yolanda-saldivar/) - On March 31, 1995, Selena Quintanilla was fatally shot by her obsessed fan, Yolanda Saldívar. Learn more about the tragic story here.
- [Why is Texas Called the Lone Star State?](https://www.historydefined.net/why-is-texas-called-the-lone-star-state/) - Texas is known for many different things, from ranches and cattle to music and barbeque. But why is it known as the Lone Star State?
- [9 of the Greatest Leaders of the 20th Century](https://www.historydefined.net/the-greatest-leaders-of-the-20th-century/) - The 20th century saw two World Wars, the Great Depression, the Cold War, the atomic age, and the dawn of the Information Age. In this chaos and unprecedented change the whole world had to go through, some men -–and women— still stood out. These are some of the greatest leaders of the 20th century. Mahatma
- [7 Ordinary People Who Changed The World](https://www.historydefined.net/ordinary-people-who-changed-the-world/) - Not all heroes wear capes. The most ordinary of us are capable of the most extraordinary things, and history has shown as much. From the unsung heroes who sacrificed their lives to those who donated their time and resources to help others, these individuals have made a lasting impact on the planet and, ultimately, history.
- [What Were The Different Ranks and Responsibilities on a Pirate Ship?](https://www.historydefined.net/ranks-and-responsibilities-on-a-pirate-ship/) - A pirate's life is full of adventure and danger, but with that comes structure and order. Pirates have been a part of the maritime world since the early days of sailing. They have a long and colorful history, and the roles and duties of a pirate in a pirate crew are just as varied as
- [Who Were the Carpetbaggers and Scalawags of Reconstruction?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-carpetbaggers-and-scalawags-of-reconstruction/) - Many people are familiar only with the bare facts about the Civil War. The average person that you ask about this topic on the street will tell you that the war was between the North and the South and that the North won. They might also be able to tell you that Abraham Lincoln was
- [The Historical Origins Of Merlin The Wizard](https://www.historydefined.net/the-historical-origins-of-merlin-the-wizard/) - The legendary figure of Merlin has been a part of the Western imagination for centuries. From tales of King Arthur to more modern interpretations, Merlin has been a source of mystery and enchantment. But who was the real Merlin, and where did the stories of this powerful wizard come from? The answer may surprise you.
- [Who were the Sea Peoples That Ravaged the Ancient World?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-sea-peoples-that-ravaged-the-ancient-world/) - The Sea People, as ordinary as the name may sound now, were terrifying some centuries ago, especially to the ancient world kingdoms who witnessed their rampage. History only referred to them as The Sea Peoples when the French Egyptologist Gaston Maspero coined it in 1881. Maspero coined the phrase because historical accounts claimed that these
- [Who Were The Gods of Viking Mythology?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-gods-of-viking-mythology/) - Viking mythology, otherwise known as Norse mythology, is a belief system that originated in Scandinavia. Viking is a term that is commonly used to describe the people who are original inhabitants of the Scandinavian countries. The exact moment of the origination of Viking mythology remains unclear, but it could have begun as early as the
- [The Troubled History of the Amityville Horror House](https://www.historydefined.net/the-amityville-horror-house/) - 112 Ocean Avenue, Amityville, New York This address will forever be known as America's most haunted house. The Amityville Massacre In the shocking event that took place on the night of November 13, 1974, a family of seven was suddenly reduced to one surviving member, the one who committed the crime. Ronald DeFeo Jr, a
- [The Tragic Story of Travis the Chimp](https://www.historydefined.net/travis-the-chimp/) - On October 24, 1995, when Sandra bought Travis for $50,000 from Braun Casey's home, everyone wondered what motivated her interest in a 3-day-old chimp. As time passed, it became clear that while everyone else saw a chimp, Sandra Herold saw a boy. So she raised Travis like a human child, wearing his nappies, having
- [12 Fascinating Facts About Franklin Delano Roosevelt](https://www.historydefined.net/facts-about-fdr/) - Franklin Delano Roosevelt — familiarly known as FDR— was the 32nd President of the United States, serving from 1933 to 1945. He was a central figure of the mid-20th century, leading the United States through the Great Depression and World War II. From his creation of the social security act to the founding of the
- [13 Fascinating Facts About Winston Churchill](https://www.historydefined.net/facts-about-winston-churchill/) - Winston Churchill is one of the most notable names in UK history. Winston lived a long life, and some believe he had a fulfilling time before his passing. Winston wasn’t one of those men who lived and died within the confines of a single room. Instead, he served as a politician and had a remarkable
- [8 Interesting Facts About Napoleon Bonaparte](https://www.historydefined.net/facts-about-napoleon-bonaparte/) - To some, Napoleon Bonaparte was a great leader who brought glory to France; to others, he was a ruler whose actions were oppressive. Nonetheless, everybody agrees that Napoleon will forever remain an iconic figure in French culture whose reach extended throughout Europe in the 19th century and to this very day. Napoleon’s reign and successes
- [What Were The 7 Wonders Of The Ancient World?](https://www.historydefined.net/what-were-the-7-wonders-of-the-ancient-world/) - Skyscrapers, concrete behemoths, and monumental architectures aren't technological marvels peculiar to the modern world. Since the first man began using sticks and stone as weapons, innumerable human inventiveness has given birth to some famous architectural creations that even many modern marvels cannot compare. The most spectacular of these recorded achievements have come to be recognized
- [The 9 Greatest Medical Inventions Of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/the-greatest-medical-inventions-of-all-time/) - Innovation and advancements in medicine have significantly impacted human health and life expectancy. The world's population is said to have tripled since 1945. This massive increase is entirely due to a decrease in mortality caused by life-enhancing treatments made possible by groundbreaking medical inventions. Medical inventions have been instrumental in eliminating diseases and reducing worldwide
- [Seven Interesting Facts About The Mad Monk Rasputin](https://www.historydefined.net/grigori-rasputin/) - Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin was one of the most influential figures during the twilight of the Russian Empire. A sexual deviant, political saboteur, renegade monk, and mystic healer, Rasputin was renowned for having a mystical influence over the royal Romanov family, particularly the Tsarina, with whom he reportedly had an affair. Rasputin was hated and admired
- [The 8 Best Archaeological Discoveries of 2022 ](https://www.historydefined.net/best-archaeological-discoveries-of-2022/) - Since Egyptian explorers reconstructed the Sphinx in the 18th dynasty roughly 150 years ago; archaeological discoveries have been unraveling secrets and mysteries about human history. And still, these mysteries abound and continue to be unraveled even in 2022. From Egyptian mummies with golden tongues to Sir Ernest Shackleton's Endurance, the year 2022 saw archaeologists unearth
- [Elvita Adams Miraculously Survived Jumping Off the Empire State Building](https://www.historydefined.net/elvita-adams/) - The Empire State Building, located at West 34th Street, Manhattan, New York, is one of New Yorks's and even the world's most recognized landmarks. However, while it is known for its record-breaking height of 1,454 feet (443.2m) tall, including its antenna, the building is also famous for its dark and wild history. From accidental plane
- [Mutiny on the Bounty and the Scandalous History of Pitcairn Island](https://www.historydefined.net/mutiny-on-the-bounty-and-the-scandalous-history-of-pitcairn-island/) - The mutiny of the HMS Bounty on April 28, 1789, is unrivaled in the annals of rebellions in Naval history. Brought to mainstream awareness, primarily by three highly-successful major motion pictures (in '35, '62, and '84) based on the Charles Nordhoff and James Hall historical novel Mutiny on the Bounty, these films focus primarily on the events that
- [Baby Yingliang: The Amazingly Preserved Dinosaur Embryo](https://www.historydefined.net/baby-yingliang/) - While dinosaurs haven’t roamed the Earth for hundreds of millions of years, scientists still spend a great amount of time researching and understanding these mythical creatures and how they impact species today. Even today, scientists are still discovering fossils and learning more about prehistoric creatures. Their relation to modern-day species can help us understand the
- [The Mohican Tribe: History, Facts, and More](https://www.historydefined.net/the-mohican-tribe/) - Though often taught in schools on a somewhat shallow, overarching level, Native American history and culture are incredibly varied across the continents it covers. One tribe known largely from a fictionalization of their history is the Mohicans – also called the Mahicans – of the Northeast. The Mohicans have a rich, long political and cultural
- [5 Of The Biggest Military Blunders Of All Time](https://www.historydefined.net/biggest-military-blunders-of-all-time/) - History is rife with military operations that have gone awry due to terrible oversight mistakes, tactical or otherwise. These errors and their repercussions have shaped the course of known history, impacting conflicts as important as the second world war (WWII) and as old as the Punic Wars. These military blunders were due to various reasons,
- [Who Were The Best Roman Emperors?](https://www.historydefined.net/who-were-the-best-roman-emperors/) - The Roman empire was one of human history's most fascinating and historically memorable periods. As can be expected from such a long and storied history, many notable leaders existed. There were around 70 Roman emperors from the beginning of the reign of Augustus in 27 BC to the deposition of Romulus Augustulus in 476 AD. - History Defined

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