Generated by All in One SEO v4.9.3, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://timep.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Posts - [Memory, Return, and the Meaning of Home in Syria](https://timep.org/2026/02/03/memory-return-and-the-meaning-of-home-in-syria/) - After years of exile and war, Basma Alloush returns to Syria, bringing her daughter to discover home for the first time. - [Open-Call for 2026-2027 Nonresident Fellow Applications](https://timep.org/2026/02/02/open-call-for-2026-2027-nonresident-fellow-applications/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is currently accepting applications for its 2026-2027 nonresident fellowship cohort. - [Egypt in 2026: What’s Next?](https://timep.org/2026/01/21/egypt-in-2026-what-s-next/) - January marked the conclusion of Egypt’s longest House of Representatives elections in modern history. Conducted amid low voter turnout, widespread allegations of irregularities, and unprecedented legal interventions that annulled results in multiple constituencies, the elections ultimately produced a new 596-member House of Representatives. Beyond the unusually, highly contested process that laid bare the strains within - [MENA in 2026: Policy Priorities for the Year Ahead](https://timep.org/2026/01/26/mena-in-2026-policy-priorities-for-the-year-ahead/) - TIMEP's nonresident fellows and senior associates explain, in a few words, what should be the policy focus in the MENA region in 2026. - [Years into the Financial Collapse, Lebanon Still Awaits Justice](https://timep.org/2026/01/15/years-into-the-financial-collapse-lebanon-still-awaits-justice/) - Lebanon’s new banking reform laws and forensic audits mark a rare chance to pursue accountability for the financial collapse. - [Economic and Social Rights in Lebanon: Joint UPR Alternate Report ](https://timep.org/2026/01/13/economic-and-social-rights-in-lebanon-joint-upr-alternate-report/) - A UPR report submitted by TIMEP, ARI and Badil documents the Lebanese government’s record on economic and social rights and highlights tangible recommendations. - [Economic and Social Rights in Lebanon: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2026/01/13/economic-and-social-rights-in-lebanon-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - A UPR report submitted by TIMEP, ARI and Badil documents the Lebanese government’s record on economic and social rights and highlights tangible recommendations. - [Restoring Lebanese Shi’a Trust via Discourse: Can Lebanon Do Better?](https://timep.org/2026/01/12/restoring-lebanese-shia-trust-via-discourse-can-lebanon-do-better/) - Moving beyond a discourse that pits Hezbollah appeasement against hawkish sectarian confrontation, Lebanon would benefit from a government that can protect those most marginalized. - [حلول من أجل عدالة دولية تتمحور حول الضحايا](https://timep.org/2026/01/06/حلول-من-أجل-عدالة-دولية-تتمحور-حول-الضح/) - يواجه العديد من ضحايا الجرائم الجسيمة وانتهاكات حقوق الإنسان في الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا عقبات كبيرة في سعيهم نحو تحقيق العدالة والمساءلة، حيث يتطلب إنشاء آليات العدالة سواء ضمن منظومة الأمم المتحدة أو خارجها — كبعثات تقصي الحقائق، أو المقررين الخاصين أو لجان التحقيق — موافقة الدول الأعضاء ودعمها. غير أن هذا الدعم غالبًا ما - [Lebanon’s Bank Resolution Law: A Missed Opportunity for Accountability and Reform](https://timep.org/2025/12/23/lebanons-bank-resolution-law-a-missed-opportunity-for-accountability-and-reform/) - Lebanon’s new bank resolution law concentrates power with the bankers it's supposed to oversee, and shifts the burden of the financial collapse onto the state. - [Remembering Bassem Sabry](https://timep.org/2025/12/18/remembering-bassem-sabry/) - Bassem Sabry believed Arab youth should not just get a seat at the table where policies about their futures are decided. They should build their own table. - [Centering Victims in the International Justice System](https://timep.org/2025/12/18/centering-victims-in-the-international-justice-system/) - TIMEP publishes a policy brief that discusses three policy solutions that could make justice more accessible to victims at the international stage. - [Lebanon’s Independent Media at the Forefront of the Accountability Battle](https://timep.org/2025/12/17/lebanons-independent-media-at-the-forefront-of-the-accountability-battle/) - Independent media platforms have become central to accountability efforts in Lebanon, especially following the economic collapse and the Beirut Port explosion. - [Tunisia’s 2025 Financial Gambles: Taxes, Loans, and the Central Bank](https://timep.org/2025/02/25/tunisias-2025-financial-gambles-taxes-loans-and-the-central-bank/) - Tunisia faces a moment of economic change with its the new finance law, with an opportunity to solve chronic budgetary problems and rebuild its taxation system. - [Navigating Sectoral Reforms in Lebanon’s Recovery](https://timep.org/2025/03/05/navigating-sectoral-reforms-in-lebanons-recovery/) - Lebanon’s public procurement and cement sectors are in urgent need of reform, to ensure fair practices in reconstruction and economic recovery efforts. - [The Lebanese Banking Lobby and the Campaigns Against Reformist Voices](https://timep.org/2025/04/09/the-lebanese-banking-lobby-and-the-campaigns-against-reformist-voices/) - Lebanon’s banking lobby ramped up smear campaigns to silence reformists and secure control over key financial appointments. - [Priced Out of Recovery: Lebanon Between War and Reconstruction](https://timep.org/2025/04/24/priced-out-of-recovery-lebanon-between-war-and-reconstruction/) - Following the destructive war with Israel and five years into its financial collapse, Lebanon seeks international financing to help its recovery efforts. - [Toward a Just and Equitable Political and Economic Reconstruction in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/05/22/toward-a-just-and-equitable-political-and-economic-reconstruction-in-lebanon/) - On May 29 at 10:00 am EST, TIMEP is proud to host “Toward a Just and Equitable Political and Economic Reconstruction in Lebanon.” - [The Externalization Illusion: How the EU Manufactures the Migrants It Seeks to Deter](https://timep.org/2025/06/12/the-externalization-illusion-how-the-eu-manufactures-the-migrants-it-seeks-to-deter/) - The EU's migration strategy in Tunisia, Egypt and Lebanon has reproduced the same conditions that led many migrants to leave their countries in the first place. - [Lifting Banking Secrecy: A Major Shift in Lebanon’s Financial System](https://timep.org/2025/07/09/lifting-banking-secrecy-a-major-shift-in-lebanons-financial-system/) - Lebanon’s Parliament lifted banking secrecy in a recent law passed to facilitate financial restructuring. Next steps are key to building trust in reforms. - [New Deals, New Dependencies: Incentivizing Green Energy in Egypt](https://timep.org/2025/07/17/new-deals-new-dependencies-incentivizing-green-energy-in-egypt/) - The approach to Egypt’s burgeoning green energy sector risks undermining prospects for a holistic, inclusive green transition. - [Beyond Fortress Europe: Rethinking Migration Governance in the EU and MENA](https://timep.org/2025/09/02/beyond-fortress-europe-rethinking-migration-governance-in-the-eu-and-mena/) - In 2015, more than one million people—many fleeing conflict and unstable conditions in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)—undertook dangerous journeys to reach European shores, sparking the continent’s largest migration wave since 1985. This crisis exposed deep flaws in the EU’s asylum system: frontline states were overwhelmed, some countries refused to share responsibility, while - [تقرير: العدالة في عيون المجتمعات المتضرّرة في لبنان](https://timep.org/2025/12/11/تقرير-العدالة-في-عيون-المجتمعات-المتض/) - من الحرب الأهلية وميراثها الثقيل، إلى الانهيار المالي وتفجير مرفأ بيروت وسائر الأزمات المتلاحقة، عاش اللبنانيون عقودًا من المعاناة التي تراكمت وتشابكت بفعل تفشّي الفساد وغياب المساءلة. وقد أدّى ذلك إلى انتهاك حقوقهم، وحرمان أجيال متعاقبة من الحياة الكريمة التي يستحقونها، فيما واصلت الحكومات المتعاقبة إسكات أصوات الناس وتقويض قدرتهم على السعي إلى الانتصاف وتحقيق - [Wives of the Disappeared in Syria: Voices in Legal Limbo](https://timep.org/2025/12/10/wives-of-the-disappeared-in-syria-voices-in-legal-limbo/) - A year after the Assad regime’s fall, the wives of Syria’s disappeared remain caught in legal, social, and economic limbo. - [Syria One Year into Transition](https://timep.org/2025/11/24/syria-one-year-into-transition/) - One year since the fall of Bashar al-Assad, Syria stands at a critical crossroads. The country’s new leadership faces the monumental challenge of rebuilding a nation devastated by years of conflict, while balancing the demands of political and economic reconstruction, transitional justice, and foreign relations. In the months since the transition, over one million refugees - [Policy Report: Justice Through the Eyes of Impacted Persons in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/12/03/policy-report-justice-through-the-eyes-of-impacted-persons-in-lebanon/) - The “Justice Through the Eyes of Impacted Persons in Lebanon” report published by TIMEP focuses on victims, their vision for justice, and their priorities. - [Extended Imprisonment: The Hidden Emotional and Economic Costs of Prison Visits in Egypt ](https://timep.org/2025/11/24/extended-imprisonment-the-hidden-emotional-and-economic-costs-of-prison-visits-in-egypt/) - In Egypt, prison visits have turned from a basic right to a tiring ordeal marked by financial and psychological strains for both inmates and their loved ones. - [Breaking Down the Cases Against Riad Salameh in Foreign Jurisdictions](https://timep.org/2025/11/20/breaking-down-the-cases-against-riad-salameh-in-foreign-jurisdictions/) - Numerous international legal proceedings are ongoing against Lebanon’s former Central Bank governor Riad Salameh and his circle for suspected financial crimes. - [TIMEP Announces Selection of Tenth TIMEP Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellow](https://timep.org/2025/11/17/timep-announces-selection-of-tenth-timep-bassem-sabry-democracy-fellow/) - TIMEP announces the selection of Jad El Dilati as the recipient of the Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship. Jad will focus on governance, politics and narrative in Lebanon. - [Unmasking Protection: Why Accountability Must Guide Lebanon’s Approach to Migrant Domestic Work](https://timep.org/2025/11/03/unmasking-protection-why-accountability-must-guide-lebanons-approach-to-migrant-domestic-work/) - For years, the discourse on migrant domestic workers’ rights in Lebanon has focused around the issue of protection. But protection alone cannot deliver justice. - [Sudan’s Power Chessboard: Rival Governments and the Battle for Legitimacy](https://timep.org/2025/10/09/sudans-power-chessboard-rival-governments-and-the-battle-for-legitimacy/) - What began in April 2023 as a power struggle in Sudan between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has spiraled into one of the world’s deadliest wars and the world’s largest humanitarian crisis. More than two and a half years into the war, the balance of power in Sudan remains - [Egypt’s Parliamentary Elections Will Pave the Way for What Comes Next](https://timep.org/2025/10/21/egypts-parliamentary-elections-will-pave-the-way-for-what-comes-next/) - Egypt’s upcoming parliamentary elections will determine whether Egypt moves toward an extension for the presidency or prepares for a post-Sisi transition. - [A Marginalized Memory in Egypt: Remembering the Maspero Massacre from the Coptic Hospital](https://timep.org/2025/10/15/a-marginalized-memory-in-egypt-remembering-the-maspero-massacre-from-the-coptic-hospital/) - Fourteen years ago, on October 9, 2011, Egyptian security forces violently attacked protesters in Maspero, killing 28 and injuring hundreds. - [Spring 2026 Legal Internship](https://timep.org/2025/10/09/spring-2026-legal-internship/) - For the Spring 2026 internship program, TIMEP seeks a full-time Legal Intern who is available to work for 12 weeks. Deadline to apply is November 3. - [Spring 2026 Advocacy Internship](https://timep.org/2025/10/09/spring-2026-advocacy-internship/) - For the Spring 2026 internship program, TIMEP seeks a part-time Advocacy Intern who is available to work 18-20 hours a week for 12 weeks. - [Breaking Down the Cases Against Riad Salameh in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/09/26/accountability-breaking-down-the-cases-against-riad-salameh-in-lebanon/) - Here is a summary of some of the main domestic cases against Lebanon's former central bank governor Riad Salameh in Lebanon. - [Civil Society Welcomes Decision Not to Sign Egypt’s Draft Criminal Procedure Code into Law](https://timep.org/2025/09/23/civil-society-welcomes-decision-not-to-sign-egypts-draft-criminal-procedure-code-into-law/) - Egyptian and international civil society organizations welcome the decision of Egypt's president to not sign the draft Criminal Procedure Code into law and instead to send it back to parliament for revision. - [Rebuilding Khartoum: The Same Old Tale of Power and Exclusion](https://timep.org/2025/09/22/rebuilding-khartoum-the-same-old-tale-of-power-and-exclusion/) - Rebuilding Khartoum into what, for whom and at whose expense? This is central in how we assess the de facto government’s policies and actions in the capital. - [Displaced but Defiant: Sudanese Art in Times of War](https://timep.org/2025/09/10/displaced-but-defiant-sudanese-art-in-times-of-war/) - Sudanese artists who have been displaced to Cairo persist in creating spaces to share their own testimonies of war, exile, memory, and home. - [Stalled Momentum and Incomplete Reforms in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/09/04/stalled-momentum-and-incomplete-reforms-in-lebanon/) - Five main factors are contributing to blocking the reform path in Lebanon. Understanding these dynamics could help the country lift these obstacles. - [Only a Whole Truth and a Comprehensive Justice Can Heal a Divided Syria](https://timep.org/2025/08/28/only-a-whole-truth-and-a-comprehensive-justice-can-heal-a-divided-syria/) - If justice is applied selectively in Syria, it'll send a message that some victims matter more than others and that some perpetrators are beyond accountability. - [Joint Statement: Egyptian Authorities Should Stop Targeting Minors Over Online Gaming Activity](https://timep.org/2025/08/28/joint-statement-egyptian-authorities-should-stop-targeting-minors-over-online-gaming-activity/) - TIMEP joins rights groups to denounce Egypt’s targeting of children for their digital activity through online gaming, with minors facing arbitrary detention, enforced disappearance, and denial of due process—grave abuses violating both Egyptian law and international child rights protections. - [Sudan: Extend the Mandate of the Fact-Finding Mission for Two More Years](https://timep.org/2025/08/26/sudan-extend-the-mandate-of-the-fact-finding-mission-for-two-more-years/) - Over 100 Sudanese and international organizations urge states to support renewing the Inde­pen­dent International Fact-Fin­ding Mission for Sudan. - [Sovereignty, Disarmament, and Reforms: Lebanon Needs All of the Support It Can Get](https://timep.org/2025/08/18/sovereignty-disarmament-and-reforms-lebanon-needs-all-of-the-support-it-can-get/) - Lebanon is going through a tense phase, trying bring Hezbollah’s weapons under the control of the state, but Israel's aggression undermines these efforts. - [Under Fire: Making a Living in Wartime Sudan](https://timep.org/2025/08/13/under-fire-making-a-living-in-wartime-sudan/) - In Sudan, despite the war, people continue to show remarkable resilience and determination to survive and support their families and their communities. - [Suwayda’s Aftermath and the State of Syria’s Strained Transition](https://timep.org/2025/08/08/suwaydas-aftermath-and-the-state-of-syrias-strained-transition/) - The violence in Suwayda was a blow for Syria’s transitional authorities and may have lasting implications for the country’s future if left unaddressed. - [EU Migration Deals in MENA: Exacerbating Displacement Crises?](https://timep.org/2024/06/12/eu-migration-deals-in-mena-exacerbating-displacement-crises/) - Over the past several years, the European Union has increasingly sought to curb migration from the MENA region to its southern shores. Amid devastating conflicts resulting in millions of people fleeing in search of safety, the EU has struck agreements with the governments of Tunisia, Egypt, and recently, Lebanon, offering powerful financial incentives amid their - [The Civilian Façade in Sudan’s War: Rival Governments and the Battle for Legitimacy](https://timep.org/2025/08/06/the-civilian-facade-in-sudans-war-rival-governments-and-the-battle-for-legitimacy/) - As the war in Sudan escalates and governance fractures, both SAF and the RSF established parallel civilian governments, fighting for political dominance. - [It's Time to Recognize the Beirut Port Blast as a National Catastrophe](https://timep.org/2025/08/04/its-time-to-recognize-the-beirut-port-blast-as-a-national-catastrophe/) - TIMEP spoke to Lebanese lawyer Tania Daou Alam who lost her husband Jean-Frederic during the Beirut Port blast. She's been fighting for truth and accountability since. - [A ‘Syria for all Syrians’: Between Promises and Reality ](https://timep.org/2025/07/11/a-syria-for-all-syrians-between-promises-and-reality/) - Join TIMEP on July 31 for the event “A ‘Syria for all Syrians’: Between Promises and Reality,” with Ola Suliman, Samy Akil, Kholoud Helmi, Lina Ghoutouk, and Mai El-Sadany. - [The Beirut Port Explosion Comes to U.S. Court](https://timep.org/2022/08/02/the-beirut-port-explosion-comes-to-u-s-court/) - Almost two years since one of the world’s largest non-nuclear explosions destroyed the Beirut port and upended the lives of the city’s residents following decades of government corruption and negligence, on July 11, 2022, a group of nine of the blast’s victims turned to the U.S. judicial system for recourse. What does this case allege? And how does it fit in with ongoing efforts by lawyers, civil society organizations, victims’ groups, and other stakeholders to achieve accountability? - [Case Profile: Copland, Sarah and others vs. TGS ASA and others](https://timep.org/2025/07/28/beirut-blast-case-copand-sarah-and-others-vs-tgs-asa-and-others/) - Nearly two years after the Beirut Port explosion, lawyers on behalf of 9 victims—US citizens or green card holders—filed a civil lawsuit in the US against TGS. - [The Cost of Collapse: Lebanon’s Judiciary Under Economic Strain](https://timep.org/2025/07/28/the-cost-of-collapse-lebanons-judiciary-under-economic-strain/) - To shed light on the realities confronting Lebanon’s courts and the repercussions of the economic crisis on justice and the rule of law, we spoke with Omar Taleb, lawyer and former Nonresident Fellow at TIMEP. - [Case Profile: The Beirut Bar Association and others vs Savaro Limited](https://timep.org/2025/07/28/case-profile-the-beirut-bar-association-and-others-vs-savaro-limited/) - The Beirut Bar Association, along with families of victims of the Beirut Port blast, filed a civil lawsuit against Savaro before the London High Court of Justice. - [Bypassing Hopelessness: A Call for a Bolder, Proactive Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/07/23/bypassing-hopelessness-a-call-for-a-bolder-proactive-lebanon/) - Lebanon is in need of bold foreign and domestic policies that break from the failed strategies of the past, and it needs all the support it can get. - [Joint Letter: Tunisia Must Overturn the Conviction Against Ramlah Dahmani and End the Weaponization of Decree 54](https://timep.org/2025/07/15/joint-letter-tunisia-must-overturn-the-conviction-against-ramlah-dahmani-and-end-the-weaponization-of-decree-54/) - TIMEP joins Tunisian and international partners in urging authorities to drop retaliatory charges against Ramlah Dahmani, whose sister Sonia wrongly remains in prison. - [Post-Municipal Elections Setback: Can Lebanon’s Reformists Regain Momentum?](https://timep.org/2025/06/18/post-municipal-elections-setback-can-lebanons-reformists-regain-momentum/) - On June 26 at 11am EST, TIMEP is hosting the event “Can Lebanon's Reformists Regain Momentum?” with Alaa Sayeg, Soha Mneimneh, Ali Mourad and Jean Kassir. - [Millions at Risk of Eviction as Egypt Overhauls Rent Laws](https://timep.org/2025/07/10/millions-at-risk-of-eviction-as-egypt-overhauls-rent-laws/) - Around 1.6 million families are at risk of losing their homes as Egypt reforms laws governing rent control. - [Beyond EU’s Migration Pact and its Human Cost](https://timep.org/2025/07/02/beyond-eus-migration-pact-and-its-human-cost/) - Anti-immigration policies pursued by the European Union and North African governments have placed migrants in vulnerable and abusive conditions. - [Economy at a Crossroads: The Social Protection Challenge in Syria](https://timep.org/2025/07/01/economy-at-a-crossroads-the-social-protection-challenge-in-syria/) - The Syrian regime risks perpetuating the economic policies of the Assad regime unless they take the necessary measures to guarantee an improved economy for all. - [The Growing Riptide of European Policy on Migration in the Middle East](https://timep.org/2025/06/17/the-growing-riptide-of-european-policy-on-migration-in-the-middle-east/) - It is high time that an ethical and effective policy for migration is put in place in the European Union, one that prioritizes the protection of migrants - [The Nameless Grief We Share: Remembering Sarah Hegazi](https://timep.org/2025/06/13/the-nameless-grief-we-share-remembering-sarah-hegazi/) - Five years ago, Sarah Hegazi was stolen from us. Not by death alone, but by a system that renders queer life unlivable unless we bend and mute. But Sarah didn’t - [Under Siege: Urban Development in Egypt’s Warraq Island](https://timep.org/2025/06/04/under-siege-urban-development-in-egypts-warraq-island/) - In the heart of Greater Cairo, residents of the Nile island of Warraq are fighting against a government-backed urban development scheme. - [TIMEP’s 2025-2026 Nonresident Fellowship Cohort](https://timep.org/2025/05/21/timeps-2025-2026-nonresident-fellowship-cohort/) - TIMEP is thrilled to announce its 2025-2026 Nonresident Fellowship cohort. - [Syrian and International Organizations Call on EU to End Assad-Era Sanctions on Syria Now](https://timep.org/2025/05/15/syrian-and-international-organizations-call-on-eu-to-end-assad-era-sanctions-on-syria-now/) - TIMEP alongside 115 organizations call for the unconditional non-renewal of the EU sanctions imposed on Syria. - [What Trump's Riyadh Speech Tells Us About US Foreign Policy](https://timep.org/2025/05/14/what-trumps-riyadh-speech-tells-us-about-us-foreign-policy/) - Trump's speech in Riyadh provides a critical window into US foreign policy in the Middle East and beyond. Here are three key areas worth reflecting on. - [Open Government: Emancipation for Some, Exclusion for Others](https://timep.org/2025/05/14/open-government-emancipation-for-some-exclusion-for-others/) - MENA governments are rapidly adopting digital governance, but weak oversight risks turning these tools into instruments of exclusion, surveillance, and data exploitation, disproportionately harming vulnerable communities across the region. - [Joint Letter: President Trump Has a Unique Opportunity to End the War in Sudan ](https://timep.org/2025/05/13/joint-letter-president-trump-has-a-unique-opportunity-to-end-the-war-in-sudan/) - TIMEP joins Sudanese and international partners in urging President Trump to engage the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar to end the war in Sudan. - [Fueled by Impunity: The Urgency of Accountability to End the War in Sudan](https://timep.org/2025/05/08/fueled-by-impunity-the-urgency-of-accountability-to-end-the-war-in-sudan/) - No matter how hard it may be and how inconvenient it is for those in power, real accountability is the only way to break the cycle of conflict in Sudan. - [Joint Letter: President Trump’s Middle East Visit Must Include Syria Sanctions Relief](https://timep.org/2025/05/09/joint-letter-president-trumps-middle-east-visit-must-include-syria-sanctions-relief/) - Ahead of President Trump's trip to the Middle East, TIMEP joins partners in calling for the president to lift or suspend US sanctions on Syria and support regional efforts towards humanitarian relief, reconstruction, and recovery. - [Externalizing Migration Control to the MENA Region: Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/05/01/externalizing-migration-control-to-the-mena-region-lebanon/) - The EU migration deal with Lebanon will likely result in a short-term solution to suppress migration in an unsustainable manner. - [Externalizing Migration Control to the MENA Region: Tunisia](https://timep.org/2025/05/01/externalizing-migration-control-to-the-mena-region-tunisia/) - The EU-Tunisia migration deal ultimately increases migrant vulnerability without effectively addressing the root causes of migration to Europe. - [Externalizing Migration Control to the MENA Region: Egypt](https://timep.org/2025/05/01/externalizing-migration-control-to-the-mena-region-egypt/) - The EU migration deal with Egypt risks mirroring past failures by exacerbating human rights abuses while doing little to stem migration flows. - [Externalization of EU Migration Control to the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2025/05/01/externalization-of-eu-migration-control-to-the-mena-region/) - TIMEP publishes three explainers examining the migration deals the EU signed with Tunisia, Egypt and Lebanon. - [New Horrors Unfold in Darfur as Sudan War Hits Two-Year Mark](https://timep.org/2025/04/18/new-horrors-unfold-in-darfur-as-sudan-war-hits-two-year-mark/) - A deadly assault by the Rapid Support Forces on Zamzam camp in North Darfur may mark a turning point in the war in Sudan. - [Sudan’s Counterrevolutionary War: The Systematic Targeting of Pro-Democracy Activists](https://timep.org/2025/04/15/sudans-counterrevolutionary-war-the-systematic-targeting-of-pro-democracy-activists/) - The war in Sudan is not only a power struggle between military factions, but also an attempt at silencing those who dare envision a different future for Sudan—one rooted in democracy and justice. - [Syria and Syrian Refugees: From EU Migration Policies to Israel’s War on Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/11/19/syria-and-syrian-refugees-from-eu-migration-policies-to-israels-war-on-lebanon/) - On November 25 at 10:30 am EST, join TIMEP for a virtual event titled: “Syria and Syrian Refugees: From EU Migration Policies to Israel's War on Lebanon.” - [The War in Sudan: Two Years On](https://timep.org/2025/04/03/the-war-in-sudan-two-years-on/) - On April 10, TIMEP will be hosting “The War in Sudan: Two Years On,” an event with Dallia Abdelmoniem, Mohaned Elnour, and Mike Brand, moderated by Magdi Amin. - [Women Reimagine the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2025/03/14/women-reimagine-the-mena-region/) - As the world marks International Women’s Day, TIMEP is hosting a virtual event on Tuesday March 25 at 9:00 am EST titled “Women Reimagine the MENA Region.” - [What Comes Next? Unpacking the Post-Assad Transition in Syria](https://timep.org/2025/01/21/what-comes-next-unpacking-the-post-assad-transition-in-syria/) - On Tuesday January 28, 2025, from 10 to 11:30 am EST, join TIMEP for “What Comes Next? Unpacking the Post-Assad Transition in Syria.” - [Sudan War: Allegiances Shift and Civilians Suffer Regardless](https://timep.org/2025/04/11/sudan-war-allegiances-shift-and-civilians-suffer-regardless/) - As warlords switch sides in Sudan’s war, civilians are caught in the middle, enduring the brunt of both warring parties’ extreme violence. - [EU Reset in Syria: A Second Chance for Stability in the Middle East](https://timep.org/2025/04/02/eu-reset-in-syria-a-second-chance-for-stability-in-the-middle-east/) - The EU has a rare second chance to act with the benefit of hindsight in Syria, drawing on its experiences in Libya. And the stakes are high. - [Policy Paper: Sudanese Priorities for a US-Sudan Policy Agenda](https://timep.org/2025/04/01/report-sudanese-priorities-for-a-us-sudan-policy-agenda/) - This policy paper presents context and recommendations on the humanitarian situation, civilian protection, the status of negotiations, and the future of Sudan. - [Joint Letter: Protect Beirut Blast Investigation from Interference and Obstruction](https://timep.org/2025/03/27/joint-letter-protect-beirut-blast-investigation-from-interference-and-obstruction/) - TIMEP joins survivors of the Beirut port explosion, their families and partners in urging the Prime Minister to ensure that the investigation into the blast proceeds without interference or obstruction. - [In Solidarity with Daraj and Megaphone Amid A Coordinated Campaign](https://timep.org/2025/03/26/in-solidarity-with-daraj-and-megaphone-amid-a-coordinated-campaign/) - TIMEP joins 59 partners in solidarity with Daraj and Megaphone amid a coordinated defamatory campaign by Lebanon's banking sector lobby. - [Lebanon Finally Has a New Government, Now What? ](https://timep.org/2025/02/19/lebanon-finally-has-a-new-government-now-what/) - Lebanon's Prime Minister Nawaf Salam presents a chance to break from decades of corruption, mismanagement, and lack of accountability in Lebanese politics. - [Possibilities but no Promises: Challenges and Opportunities in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2025/02/12/possibilities-but-no-promises-challenges-and-opportunities-in-lebanon/) - There is some cautious optimism in Lebanon, yet it remains to be seen whether these changes will lead to financial reforms and a reconstruction plan. - [A Letter to the Trump Administration and Congress on Sanctions Relief in Syria](https://timep.org/2025/02/13/a-letter-to-the-trump-administration-and-congress-on-sanctions-relief-in-syria/) - TIMEP, alongside 161 Syrian and international organizations, urge the Trump administration and Congress to relieve sanctions on Syria. - [A Crossroads for Refugee Rights: Examining Egypt’s New Asylum Law](https://timep.org/2025/02/06/a-crossroads-for-refugee-rights-examining-egypts-new-asylum-law/) - Egypt’s new asylum law has sparked criticism amid concerns that certain provisions would potentially violate the rights of refugees and asylum seekers. - [Truth in Transition: Disinformation in Post-Assad Syria](https://timep.org/2025/01/30/truth-in-transition-disinformation-in-post-assad-syria/) - Disinformation fuels fear and division in Syria’s new political landscape, eroding trust and blocking the path to a peaceful political transition. - [Being Queer in the MENA Region: Guilty Until Proven Innocent](https://timep.org/2025/01/28/being-queer-in-the-mena-region-guilty-until-proven-innocent/) - In the MENA region, queer individuals have been targeted and criminalized for their identities, giving rise to a hostile environment. - [Sudanese Priorities for a US-Sudan Policy Agenda](https://timep.org/2025/01/27/sudanese-priorities-for-a-us-sudan-policy-agenda/) - On February 5, TIMEP will host an in-person discussion: Sudanese Priorities for a US-Sudan Policy Agenda, to highlight what Sudanese policy priorities should look like for the US. - [Priorities for President Trump’s MENA Policy](https://timep.org/2025/01/22/priorities-for-president-trumps-mena-policy/) - The Trump administration must prioritize the MENA region in its foreign policy, and must focus on Sudan, Lebanon, Syria, and Gaza. - [Beyond the Battlefield: Sudan’s Virtual Propaganda Warzone](https://timep.org/2025/01/14/beyond-the-battlefield-sudans-virtual-propaganda-warzone/) - In Sudan, the RSF and SAF fight to control the war narrative on social media, pushing for misinformation and dangerously altering public opinion. - [Fragile Hope and Ongoing Crises: Navigating 2025 Policy Priorities in MENA](https://timep.org/2025/01/09/fragile-hope-and-ongoing-crises-navigating-2025-policy-priorities-in-mena/) - We asked TIMEP's nonresident fellows and staff to discuss in a few words what they believe the policy world should focus on in the MENA region in 2025. - [Egypt’s Fourth Cycle UPR: The Erosion of the Independence of the Legal Profession and Fair Trial Guarantees in Egypt](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/egypts-fourth-cycle-upr-the-erosion-of-the-independence-of-the-legal-profession-and-fair-trial-guarantees-in-egypt/) - In the framework of Egypt’s fourth UPR cycle, TIMEP, together with the Law Society of England and Wales and Lawyers for Lawyers, submitted an alternate report to the UPR Working Group regarding the erosion of the independence of the legal profession and fair trial guarantees in Egypt. - [Egypt's Fourth Cycle UPR: The Right to Health for Transgender and Intersex Individuals](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/egypts-fourth-cycle-upr-the-right-to-health-for-transgender-and-intersex-individuals/) - In the framework of Egypt’s 4th UPR cycle, TIMEP and Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute have submitted an alternate report to the UPR Working Group regarding the discriminatory laws, policies, and practices that prevent transgender and intersex individuals in Egypt from the full enjoyment of their fundamental right to health. - [Egypt’s Fourth Cycle UPR: Economic and Social Rights](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/egypts-fourth-cycle-upr-economic-and-social-rights/) - In the framework of Egypt’s fourth cycle of UPR, TIMEP—together with the Egyptian Front for Human Rights, MENA Fem Movement for Economic, Development, and Ecological Justice, the Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms, the Center for Egyptian Women’s Legal Assistance, and the Egyptian Human Rights Forum—submitted an alternate report to the UPR Working Group regarding the economic and social rights in Egypt. - [The Erosion of the Independence of the Legal Profession and Fair Trial Guarantees in Egypt: Joint UPR Alternate Report](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/the-erosion-of-the-independence-of-the-legal-profession-and-fair-trial-guarantees-in-egypt-joint-upr-alternate-report/) - Since the last Universal Periodic Review (UPR), Egypt has continued to undermine judicial independence, due process, and the rule of law. Authorities’ practices have also continued to undermine the legal profession, creating chilling effects on lawyers’ ability to effectively represent their clients. Ahead of Egypt’s fourth Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle, the Tahrir Institute for - [Economic and Social Rights in Egypt: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/economic-and-social-rights-in-egypt-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Egypt’s fourth cycle of Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP)—together with the Egyptian Front for Human Rights, MENA Fem Movement for Economic, Development, and Ecological Justice, the Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms, the Center for Egyptian Women’s Legal Assistance, and the Egyptian Human Rights Forum—issued a - [Economic and Social Rights in Egypt: Joint UPR Alternate Report ](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/economic-and-social-rights-in-egypt-joint-upr-alternate-report/) - Since the last Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle in 2019, economic and social rights in Egypt have severely deteriorated, particularly impacting vulnerable groups such as women, rural communities, and people living in poverty, along with specific categories of prisoners and human rights defenders. As the country approaches its fourth UPR cycle, the Tahrir Institute for - [The Erosion of the Independence of the Legal Profession and Fair Trial Guarantees in Egypt: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/the-erosion-of-the-independence-of-the-legal-profession-and-fair-trial-guarantees-in-egypt-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Egypt’s fourth Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), together with the Law Society of England and Wales and Lawyers for Lawyers, issued a UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet highlighting the significant deterioration of the legal profession’s independence in Egypt and underscoring the lack of fair trial guarantees. - [The Right to Health for Transgender and Intersex Individuals in Egypt: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/the-right-to-health-for-transgender-and-intersex-individuals-in-egypt-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Egypt’s fourth Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and Cairo 52 Legal Research Institute issued a UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet that highlights the critical challenges faced by transgender and intersex individuals in accessing health services in Egypt. The fact sheet summarizes some of the key points - [The Right to Health for Transgender and Intersex Individuals in Egypt: Joint UPR Alternate Report](https://timep.org/2025/01/06/the-right-to-health-for-transgender-and-intersex-individuals-in-egypt-joint-upr-alternate-report/) - Transgender and intersex individuals in Egypt face systemic discrimination that prevents them from fully enjoying their fundamental right to health. Despite Egypt’s legal obligations, transgender individuals are denied access to gender-affirming healthcare, while intersex individuals face inadequate medical services. The lack of resources, training, and anti-discrimination measures in the healthcare sector further marginalizes these groups, - [Between Regional Escalation and Border Negotiations: Lebanon’s Oil and Gas Future in Limbo](https://timep.org/2024/05/30/between-regional-escalation-and-border-negotiations-lebanons-oil-and-gas-future-in-limbo/) - Lebanon’s governing elite still pin their hopes on future energy wealth despite waning corporate interest and regional conflict. - [A Post-Assad Syria: Navigating the Transition Ahead](https://timep.org/2024/12/19/a-post-assad-syria-navigating-the-transition-ahead/) - The coming few weeks will be critical for Syria’s political transition. Researcher Haid Haid covers some of the central issues to watch out for. - [Left in Limbo: Uncertainty For Europe’s Syrian Refugees Post-Assad](https://timep.org/2024/12/18/left-in-limbo-uncertainty-for-europes-syrian-refugees-post-assad/) - Several European countries decided to pause the review and processing of all Syrian asylum applications, leaving many asylum seekers in limbo. - [Israel’s Digital Assault on Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/12/04/israels-digital-assault-on-lebanon/) - Israel’s digital warfare on Lebanon spread terror among the population and revealed the weaknesses of Lebanese digital infrastructure and security measures. - [How Misinformation Fuels Hate Against Refugees in Egypt ](https://timep.org/2024/11/27/how-misinformation-fuels-hate-against-refugees-in-egypt/) - Egypt has chosen refugees as its scapegoat to cover up governmental failings, leading to a dangerous yet widespread disinformation campaign against them. - [Forced Marriage in Sudan: A Silent Crime Perpetrated in War and Peace](https://timep.org/2024/11/21/forced-marriage-in-sudan-a-silent-crime-perpetrated-in-war-and-peace/) - Sudanese law has failed to adequately protect women and girls from forced marriage during peacetime, contributing to its widespread acceptance during wartime. - [Global Coalition of NGOs Call for Immediate Ceasefire in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/11/14/global-coalition-of-ngos-call-for-immediate-ceasefire-in-lebanon/) - In light of the recent and alarming escalation of indiscriminate and widespread Israeli attacks across Lebanon, we, the undersigned organizations, call on the international community to unequivocally press for an immediate ceasefire in Lebanon. Israel and Hezbollah have been exchanging cross-border fire since October 2023. For nearly a year, the fighting between the two parties - [Caught Between Two Wars: The Risky Return of Syrian Refugees from Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/11/13/caught-between-two-wars-the-risky-return-of-syrian-refugees-from-lebanon/) - Caught between the threat of Israeli bombardment in Lebanon and political dangers in Syria, Syrian refugees face tough choices for survival. - [Strapped for Cash: How Israel’s War on Lebanon Has Sent the Economy Spiraling](https://timep.org/2024/11/12/strapped-for-cash-how-israels-war-on-lebanon-has-sent-the-economy-spiraling/) - The cost of Israel’s war on Lebanon has drastically worsened the already precarious economic situation in a country struggling to get by. - [Draft Criminal Procedure Code Expands Security and Prosecution Powers in Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/11/07/draft-criminal-procedure-code-expands-security-and-prosecution-powers-in-egypt/) - Egypt’s parliament is discussing a new criminal procedure code that critics say will undermine the country’s justice system. - [Letter to David Lammy: Alaa Abd El-Fattah and Economic Cooperation with Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/11/04/letter-to-david-lammy-alaa-abd-el-fattah-and-economic-cooperation-with-egypt/) - Dear Foreign Secretary, We are writing as a group of 15 organizations deeply concerned about the case of British-Egyptian writer Alaa Abd el-Fattah, following the refusal of the Egyptian government to release him when his sentence ended on September 29. We are writing to request that the UK government make clear to the Egyptian authorities - [Lebanon’s Price of Having Bad Neighbors](https://timep.org/2024/10/30/lebanons-price-of-having-bad-neighbors/) - The West has turned a blind eye to Israel’s attacks against and invasion of Lebanon, resulting in a war and a large humanitarian crisis that have yet to abate. - [Joint Letter Urges US Senate to Block Arms Sales to Israel](https://timep.org/2024/10/23/joint-letter-urges-us-senate-to-block-arms-sales-to-israel/) - We, the undersigned organizations, urge senators to cosponsor and vote in favor of the four joint resolutions of disapproval introduced by Senators Sanders, Welch, and Merkley regarding several specific major arms sales to the government of Israel. - [Israel’s War in Lebanon: Centering Lebanese Perspectives](https://timep.org/2024/10/09/israels-war-in-lebanon-centering-lebanese-perspectives/) - On October 17 at 10:00 am EST, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy for a virtual event “Israel’s War in Lebanon: Centering Lebanese Perspectives.” - [The Biden Administration Is Failing Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/10/18/the-biden-administration-is-failing-lebanon/) - The US appears to be completely underestimating the fallout of their ongoing support for the war in Lebanon and their role in fueling regional conflict. - [Famine as Warfare: Engineered Starvation in Gaza and Sudan](https://timep.org/2024/10/16/famine-as-warfare-engineered-starvation-in-gaza-and-sudan/) - In Sudan and Gaza, starvation is not just a by-product of war, but rather a deliberate tactic used to weaken and manipulate vulnerable populations. - [Syrian Refugees in Lebanon Face a Crisis Within a Crisis](https://timep.org/2024/10/10/syrian-refugees-in-lebanon-face-a-crisis-within-a-crisis/) - Displaced for the umpteenth time, Syrian refugees in Lebanon struggle to find shelter amidst constant Israeli bombardment. - [Tunisia's 2024 Presidential Elections: What's at Stake?](https://timep.org/2024/09/12/tunisias-2024-presidential-elections-whats-at-stake/) - On October 6, Tunisians will head to the polls for presidential elections. Join TIMEP for a virtual panel to discuss the country's upcoming elections. - [Beyond the Ballot: What Do Tunisia’s Presidential Elections Mean for the Future?](https://timep.org/2024/10/04/beyond-the-ballot-what-tunisias-presidential-elections-mean-for-the-future/) - As Tunisians are set to vote for their president on October 6, Kais Saied is very likely to win. The main question is how many will actually vote for him. - [How One of the Deadliest Days in Lebanon’s Recent History Unfolded](https://timep.org/2024/09/25/how-one-of-the-deadliest-days-in-lebanons-recent-history-unfolded/) - In a clear indication of shifting toward an all-out war, Israel attacked Lebanon, killing at least 558 people in a single day, making it one of the deadliest days in the country's recent history. - [TIMEP and 104 Other Organizations Urge Biden Administration to Restore UNRWA Funding](https://timep.org/2024/09/24/timep-and-104-other-organizations-urge-biden-administration-to-restore-unrwa-funding/) - September 23, 2024President Joseph R. Biden The White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, D.C. 20500 Dear Mr. President: We, the undersigned 105 civil society organizations, write to respectfully request your administration’s support for the restoration of United States funding to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) - [Alaa Abd el-Fattah must be released this month at the end of his prison sentence](https://timep.org/2024/09/25/alaa-abd-el-fattah-must-be-released-this-month-at-the-end-of-his-prison-sentence/) - The Egyptian-British writer and activist, Alaa Abd el-Fattah, must be released on Sunday September 29 at the end of his five year prison sentence, in accordance with Egyptian law, a coalition of 59 Egyptian and international civil society organizations stated today. The organizations expressed their deep alarm at news, shared by his lawyer, that the - [Internet in Conflict: Sudan’s Battle for Connection](https://timep.org/2024/09/19/internet-in-conflict-sudans-battle-for-connection/) - The increasing presence of satellite internet, like Starlink, has provided crucial connectivity in Sudan as the warring parties continue widespread blackouts. - [Congress Should Override Biden’s Decision to Release Conditioned Military Aid to Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/09/11/congress-should-override-bidens-decision-to-release-conditioned-military-aid-to-egypt/) - The Biden administration’s decision to obligate the $320 million in Fiscal Year (FY) 2023 Foreign Military Financing (FMF) conditioned on human rights benchmarks is another betrayal to its declared commitment to human rights and to the rule of law. This administration came into office claiming that human rights would be “central to the U.S.-Egypt bilateral - [The EU-Tunisia Memorandum of Understanding: A Blueprint for Cooperation on Migration?](https://timep.org/2023/10/19/the-eu-tunisia-memorandum-of-understanding-a-blueprint-for-cooperation-on-migration/) - On July 16, 2023, a memorandum of understanding, known as the “migrant deal”, was signed between the EU and Tunisia, at a time when the EU is trying to find ways to limit the arrival of irregular migrants into its territory. The memorandum, however, raises some concerns regarding its content, form, and human rights implications. - [The Fragmented Political Opposition to Kais Saied's Rule](https://timep.org/2023/03/29/the-fragmented-political-opposition-to-kais-saieds-rule/) - While Kais Saied consolidates his hold on political life, Tunisia's political opposition remains fragmented with no viable prospects for rapprochement in the near future. - [Oueidat vs. Bitar: Obstruction of Justice in the Beirut Port Blast Investigation](https://timep.org/2023/04/10/oueidat-vs-bitar-obstruction-of-justice-in-the-beirut-port-blast-investigation/) - On August 4, 2020, one of the world’s largest non-nuclear explosions took place at the port of Beirut, the result of 2,750 tons of negligently stored ammonium nitrate catching fire in the hangar where the chemicals were stored. The explosion killed over 200 people, injured thousands, and displaced roughly 300,000 people from their shattered homes. - [Challenges of Being a Minority Lawyer in Egypt](https://timep.org/2023/01/31/challenges-of-being-a-minority-lawyer-in-egypt/) - Since 2014, Egyptian lawyers defending minorities against unjust prosecution have been facing increasing difficulties in doing their jobs. - [Torture in Syria on the Docket of the International Court of Justice](https://timep.org/2023/10/03/torture-in-syria-on-the-docket-of-the-international-court-of-justice/) - The International Court of Justice (ICJ) proceedings against Syria have been lauded as a significant step toward holding the Syrian state responsible for acts of torture committed in Syria since 2011. - [Death in Lebanon’s Interrogation Centers](https://timep.org/2023/03/02/death-in-lebanons-interrogation-centers/) - Law 191 is a legislative victory as it provides basic defense guarantees for a person suspected of a crime in Lebanon. In practice, however, some security agencies still do not respect or apply it. - [Cairo's Historic Cemeteries: Erasing Egypt’s History for Sisi’s New Republic](https://timep.org/2023/08/29/cairos-historic-cemeteries-erasing-egypts-history-for-sisis-new-republic/) - Cairo is home to countless historical cemeteries that boast the city’s rich heritage, culture and architecture. However, these sites are currently getting demolished due to creeping urban development plans. - [Israel’s Environmental and Economic Warfare on Lebanon](https://timep.org/2023/11/28/israels-environmental-and-economic-warfare-on-lebanon/) - Israel’s deliberate attacks on South Lebanon, particularly the use of incendiary artillery such as white phosphorus bombs, has significant ramifications for the lives of civilians and the south’s vital agricultural sector. - [Endless Aid? The EU’s Costly Choices in Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/09/05/endless-aid-the-eus-costly-choices-in-egypt/) - The EU needs to adjust its policies toward Egypt and condition future assistance on implementing reforms to avoid perpetuating the country’s economic failures. - [Timing, Tactics, and Tebboune: Decoding Algeria's Upcoming Presidential Elections](https://timep.org/2024/09/04/timing-tactics-and-tebboune-decoding-algerias-upcoming-presidential-elections/) - For many Algerians, the question is not whether President Abdelmadjid Tebboune will be re-elected, as it seems like it is a done deal. - [Targeted: How Misinformation Puts Lebanon’s Syrian Refugees in Danger](https://timep.org/2024/08/28/targeted-how-misinformation-puts-lebanons-syrian-refugees-in-danger/) - The disinformation campaign targeting Syrian refugees led by the media, political figures and social media has made Lebanon a dangerous place for refugees. - [Behind the Smoke: How Disinformation Surrounding Syria’s Chemical Attacks Undermines Public Health](https://timep.org/2024/08/22/behind-the-smoke-how-disinformation-surrounding-syrias-chemical-attacks-undermines-public-health/) - The Assad regime has strategically employed disinformation campaigns to obscure the truth about the chemical attacks it perpetrated, complicating humanitarian efforts and undermining public health. - [Locked In, Locked Out: How Data Breaches Shatter Refugees’ Safety](https://timep.org/2024/08/21/locked-in-locked-out-how-data-breaches-shatter-refugees-safety/) - The massive data leak targeting over 3 million Syrian refugees in Turkey occurred amidst escalating violence and discrimination against them in the country. - [Breaking the Cycle: Can Geneva Succeed Where Jeddah Failed in Sudan?](https://timep.org/2024/08/14/breaking-the-cycle-can-geneva-succeed-where-jeddah-failed-in-sudan/) - The upcoming Geneva talks present a vital opportunity to shift the mediation strategy and secure a lasting ceasefire in Sudan. - [تقرير: مصر: الحبس الاحتياطي كما يراه محامو الدفاع ](https://timep.org/2024/08/14/تقرير-مصر-الحبس-الاحتياطي-كما-يراه-محا/) - يعلن ”معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط“ و”مبادرة مراقبة المحاكمات التابعة لمؤسسة كلوني للعدالة“ عن إصدار تقرير جديد بعنوان ”مصر: الحبس الاحتياطي كما يراه محامو الدفاع“ - [Crippling Palestinian Future: Gaza’s Lost Generation](https://timep.org/2024/08/07/crippling-palestinian-future-gazas-lost-generation/) - A generation of Palestinian children has been physically and psychologically scarred by Israel’s war on Gaza, their futures irrevocably altered. - [“It Is One Big Prison”: Challenges in Repatriation from Al Hol Camp in Syria](https://timep.org/2024/08/06/it-is-one-big-prison-challenges-in-repatriation-from-al-hol-camp-in-syria/) - There is widespread acknowledgement that residents of Al Hol camp in Syria must be repatriated. But significant barriers remain and collective effort is needed. - [Report: Pretrial Detention in Egypt: Through the Eyes of Defense Lawyers](https://timep.org/2024/07/11/report-pretrial-detention-in-egypt-through-the-eyes-of-defense-lawyers/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the TrialWatch Initiative of the Clooney Foundation for Justice (CFJ) are proud to release a new report titled, “Pretrial Detention in Egypt: Through the Eyes of Defense Lawyers.” Particularly over the last decade, Egyptian authorities have weaponized pretrial detention as a punitive tool to silence dissent. - [The Victims of Urban Development in Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/08/01/the-victims-of-urban-development-in-egypt/) - The forced evictions of Egyptians from their homes under the guise of urban development have profound repercussions for local communities and social stability. - [Unseen Battlefront: The Psychological Tactics in Israel’s War on Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/07/24/unseen-battlefront-the-psychological-tactics-in-israels-war-on-lebanon/) - Lebanon’s civilians endure the hidden toll of psychological warfare amid the intensifying conflict between Israel and Hezbollah. - [Lebanon’s Fragile Food Security System and the Prospect of a Broader War With Israel](https://timep.org/2024/07/17/lebanons-fragile-food-security-system-and-the-prospect-of-a-broader-israeli-war/) - Lebanon's struggling agriculture sector is not equipped to fill the gap in food shortages should the need arise. - [Rhetoric and Repression: Anti-Migrant Discourse as a Political Weapon in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2024/07/11/rhetoric-and-repression-anti-migrant-discourse-as-a-political-weapon-in-tunisia/) - President Saied's anti-migrant discourse seeks to solidify his regime's power while deflecting blame for Tunisia’s deepening economic crisis. - [Report: How Egypt Impedes Lawyers’ Work to Defend Those in Pretrial Detention](https://timep.org/2024/07/11/report-how-egypt-impedes-lawyers-work-to-defend-those-in-pretrial-detention/) - The Clooney Foundation for Justice (CFJ) and the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) released a report today highlighting the enormous hurdles that defense lawyers in Egypt face in representing individuals in pretrial detention. The two organizations call for urgent reforms ahead of Egypt’s Universal Periodic Review by the UN Human Rights Council. CFJ - [Trapped by Inequality: The Role of Police Violence and Poverty in Tunisia’s Migration Crisis](https://timep.org/2024/06/25/trapped-by-inequality-the-role-of-police-violence-and-poverty-in-tunisias-migration-crisis/) - Under President Kais Saied’s regime, socioeconomic inequality and police violence push people in Tunisia to risk irregular migration and exploitation abroad. - [Bretton Woods Institutions Turn 80: Time to Retire Their Failed Economic Recipes in MENA?](https://timep.org/2024/07/02/bretton-woods-institutions-turn-80-time-to-retire-their-failed-economic-recipes-in-mena/) - Despite the mountain of evidence on the failure of their policies, the IMF and the World Bank show little signs of changing on their 80-year anniversary. - [Lebanon: Joint Letter – Rights Groups and Victims' Families Call for International Action in the Beirut Blast Case](https://timep.org/2024/07/01/lebanon-joint-letter-rights-groups-and-victims-families-call-for-international-action-in-the-beirut-blast-case/) - A call to support a resolution at the UN Human Rights Council's 56th regular session calling for the establishment of an international, independent and impartial fact-finding mission into human rights violations related to the Beirut port explosion of August 4, 2020. - [Displacement Is the Point: Contextualizing Israel’s Decades of Violence and Destruction in Gaza and the West Bank](https://timep.org/2024/06/27/displacement-is-the-point-contextualizing-israels-decades-of-violence-and-destruction-in-gaza-and-the-west-bank/) - Israel’s actions across both Gaza and the West Bank seem to point to one conclusion—population expulsion and territorial expansion. - [When Unity Discourse Dismisses Systemic Sectarianism in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/08/11/when-unity-discourse-dismisses-systemic-sectarianism-in-egypt/) - While the discourse of equality between Muslim and Christians in Egypt can be seen as part of a generative national dialogue, it rarely makes strides in moving beyond rhetoric nor does it lead to policies that change systemic discrimination for Christians or pervasive issues in interfaith relations. - [Majority Perceptions of Minor Feelings in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/08/12/majority-perceptions-of-minor-feelings-in-egypt/) - While increases in Coptic representation from the Supreme Constitutional Court to the regime’s cabinet, among other minor appointments, offer solace to some Copts on the progress of Egyptian cultural recognition of their minor status, as citizens who encounter everyday forms of discrimination, reforming majority cultural discourses and dispositions has proven more difficult. Legal-political changes and representational gestures mean little if the culture of affective indifference by those within the Muslim majority to Copts’ minor feelings is not corrected and remedied. - [When Will the Climate Movement Take a Stand on Human Rights in Egypt?](https://timep.org/2022/09/13/when-will-the-climate-movement-take-a-stand-on-human-rights-in-egypt/) - Until the human rights situation in Egypt sees drastic improvements ahead of November’s conference, COP 27 risks losing all credibility in proving its commitment to the well-being of vulnerable communities around the world. Human rights and environmental justice are inextricably connected, and if the global climate movement does not properly mobilize support for human rights in Egypt, the ethical and reputational consequences will be drastic, threatening the success of local-to-global climate action in the Global South going forward. - [Inside Egypt’s Feminist Washing](https://timep.org/2022/09/26/inside-egypts-feminist-washing/) - In recent years, Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's regime has been pushing a selective implementation of feminist ideals and women’s rights to conceal its ever-worsening human rights record in Egypt. This "feminist-washing" propaganda claims to promote women's rights to cover up the regime's widespread human rights abuses. Sisi is quick to take all the credit for every feminist progress in the country, sidelining decades-long work of feminist groups and individuals fighting for a more progressive feminist policy. By portraying himself as the “male savior,” he is enforcing the misconceived idea that women are weak victims who need protection. - [COP 27: These Checks Look Very Blank to Me ](https://timep.org/2022/10/25/cop-27-these-checks-look-very-blank-to-me/) - With the shameful history of human rights in Egypt, it is disappointing to watch the US government play along with the Egyptian state’s pretense to care about climate change, actively taking part in the greenwashing of human rights abuse in a country where the only thing recycled is political prisoners into new cases. A disappointment that multiplies when we know that the potential effectiveness of US action is very real. - [Who Is this COP for? ](https://timep.org/2022/11/10/who-is-this-cop-for/) - It might be hard to imagine full accessibility in Egypt, a country that has been marked by the lack of access, crackdowns, and widespread oppression of any dissenting or even alternative voice to that of the government for so long. However, perhaps the fact of how international COP27 actually is helps unmask the reality of Egypt’s political situation to a broader audience, and perhaps this could be the start of a slightly more accountable political space. One can only hope. - [Education System in Northwestern Syria: A Long Road Ahead](https://timep.org/2023/06/09/education-system-in-northwestern-syria-a-long-road-ahead/) - The education sector in northwest Syria currently faces various obstacles and gaps caused by the decade-long conflict, but also the country's worsening economic crisis and difficult living conditions. - [How Tunisia Produces “Irregular” Migrants](https://timep.org/2023/06/13/how-tunisia-produces-irregular-migrants/) - Tunisia's outdated migration law, in addition to opaque procedures to entering the country or getting visa and residence permits have led to the country producing migrants’ “illegality.” - [Local Roots: Indigenous Seeds and Tunisian Food Security](https://timep.org/2023/06/28/local-roots-indigenous-seeds-and-tunisian-food-security/) - It is becoming increasingly clear that Tunisia’s agricultural model based on water-intensive hybrid seeds is unsustainable and has eroded Tunisia’s food sovereignty and created damaging dependencies on global grain markets. What, then, might be the alternatives to this model? - [Joint Statement: Lebanon Must End Practices of Refoulement and Torture](https://timep.org/2024/06/25/joint-statement-lebanon-must-end-practices-of-refoulement-and-torture/) - Lebanon must respect its international obligations and ensure that torture and ill-treatment are investigated and deportations of Syrian refugees halted - [Joint NGO Letter on the EU’s Macro-Financial Assistance to Egypt and Human Rights](https://timep.org/2024/06/20/joint-ngo-letter-on-the-eus-macro-financial-assistance-to-egypt-and-human-rights/) - We, the undersigned Egyptian, regional and international human rights organizations, urge the European Commission and member states to uphold international and EU law to ensure that macro-financial assistance to Egypt granted under EU regulations secures concrete, measurable, structural and time-bound human rights progress and reforms in the country. Since the 2013 military ousting of former president Mohamed - [Civil Society Groups Call for End to Crackdown in Tunisia ](https://timep.org/2024/06/20/civil-society-groups-call-for-end-to-crackdown-in-tunisia/) - The undersigned organizations call on the government of Tunisia to end its ongoing crackdown on the rights to free expression and free association and to respect the human rights of everyone in Tunisia. In May 2024, Tunisian authorities escalated a repressive crackdown targeting human rights defenders, civil society organizations, lawyers, and journalists with new arrests, - [Beyond Recovery: Reimagining Lebanon’s Economic Future](https://timep.org/2023/03/30/beyond-recovery-reimagining-lebanons-economic-future/) - The value of Lebanon’s currency has hit an all-time low on a regular basis for several years, recently reaching the unprecedented rate of 100,000 Lebanese pounds to $1 in mid-March 2023. The economy’s rapid deterioration since the onset of the financial crisis in 2019 has exposed long-term structural problems that had foreshadowed failure for decades, - [2023 Was a Bad Year for LGBTQ+ Rights in the MENA Region, and 2024 Is Set to Be Even Worse](https://timep.org/2024/06/04/2023-was-a-bad-year-for-lgbtq-rights-in-the-mena-region-2024-is-set-to-be-even-worse/) - State-coordinated attacks on LGBTQ+ rights across the region, through the courts, legislation, and outright intimidation, continue to escalate this year. - [Joint Civil Society Statement Urging U.S. Attorney General to Direct Lafarge Asset Forfeiture to Benefit Victims and Survivors](https://timep.org/2024/05/29/joint-civil-society-statement-urging-u-s-attorney-general-to-direct-lafarge-asset-forfeiture-to-benefit-victims-and-survivors/) - The undersigned organizations and individuals—with representation from Syrian, Yezidi, American, and international victims’ and survivors’ associations and civil society organizations—urge the U.S. Attorney General to abide by Department of Justice policy and ensure that the forfeited assets from its landmark criminal case against Lafarge S.A. and Lafarge Cement Syria S.A. are earmarked to benefit victims and - [Fragile Sanctuary: Syrian Refugees in Lebanon Face Abuse and Deportation](https://timep.org/2024/05/29/fragile-sanctuary-syrian-refugees-in-lebanon-face-abuse-and-deportation/) - Syrian refugees seeking safety in Lebanon targeted in an escalating campaign of discrimination, violence, and potential deportation. - [Tunisia’s 2024 Presidential Race: Elections, No Elections, and Under What Conditions?](https://timep.org/2024/05/28/tunisias-2024-presidential-race-elections-no-elections-and-under-what-conditions/) - The risks that lie ahead in Tunisia’s election year suggest that President Saied’s regime has placed the country's democracy under a severe threat. - [TIMEP joins CPJ and partners calling on ICJ to order unimpeded media access to Gaza following South Africa’s urgent request](https://timep.org/2024/05/23/timep-cpj-and-partners-call-on-icj-to-order-unimpeded-media-access-to-gaza-following-south-africas-urgent-request/) - International Court of Justice: Protect evidence in the Gaza war We, the undersigned organisations dedicated to defending freedom of expression and information, protecting journalists and upholding digital rights, welcome South Africa’s urgent request to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) for the modification and indication of provisional measures as a result of Israel’s military assault on Rafah - [Women in Egypt’s Prisons: Tales of Oppression, Abuse and Human Rights Violations](https://timep.org/2023/04/19/women-in-egypts-prisons-tales-of-oppression-abuse-and-human-rights-violations/) - The Egyptian regime and the security authorities adopt a specific approach in dealing with women prisoners, especially human rights activists, journalists, and political opponents. - [Cutting Lifelines: How Humanitarian Aid Reductions Threaten Survival in Northwest Syria](https://timep.org/2024/05/23/cutting-lifelines-how-humanitarian-aid-reductions-threaten-survival-in-northwest-syria/) - As humanitarian needs rise in northwestern Syria, international support is dwindling with devastating consequences for the population. - [TIMEP is thrilled to announce the members of its 2024-2025 Nonresident Fellowship cohort!](https://timep.org/2024/05/22/timep-2024-2025-nonresident-fellows/) - TIMEP is thrilled to announce the members of its 2024-2025 Nonresident Fellowship cohort! Tackling critical issues from migration and displacement to surveillance and digital rights in countries from Sudan to Lebanon, these fellows bring a diverse and dynamic array of expertise, experience, and insights to the TIMEP team. Throughout their one-year fellowships, TIMEP’s nonresident fellows - [Rights At Risk: Safeguarding Libyan Women’s Rights in Times of Crisis](https://timep.org/2024/05/15/rights-at-risk-safeguarding-libyan-womens-rights-in-times-of-crisis/) - Why a National Action Plan protecting Libyan women’s freedoms is vital amid periodic crackdowns. - [Here We Go Again? Why the Lender of Last Resort has Become a Regular Lender in MENA](https://timep.org/2024/04/09/here-we-go-again-why-the-lender-of-last-resort-has-become-a-regular-lender-in-mena/) - While the IMF is meant to serve as a lender of last resort offering short term stabilization programs, for many MENA countries, the Fund is becoming a regular source of financing with several consecutive loan programs undertaken. This panel seeks to explore some of the reasons why IMF programs often fail to put MENA countries - [The Forgotten War on Sudan’s Christians](https://timep.org/2024/05/09/the-forgotten-war-on-sudans-christians/) - Sudan's Christian community has been targeted by both the RSF and SAF since the beginning of the Sudan war. These are war crimes and crimes against humanity. - [A Conversation with Hossam Bahgat: What the War in Gaza Means for Human Rights Work in Egypt and Beyond](https://timep.org/2024/05/08/a-conversation-with-hossam-bahgat-what-the-war-in-gaza-means-for-human-rights-work-in-egypt-and-beyond/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is pleased to invite you to join us on Thursday, May 16th at 2:00pm for an in-person panel discussion featuring distinguished Egyptian human rights defender and founder and Executive Director of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR) Hossam Bahgat. In a discussion moderated by TIMEP Executive - [All Stick, No Carrot: The State of Book Publishing in Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/05/07/all-stick-no-carrot-the-state-of-book-publishing-in-egypt/) - Egyptian authorities are exploiting new tools and policies to stifle the country's book industry, leading to more censorship, restrictions, and prosecutions. - [Under Siege: The Dismal State of the Press in Egypt](https://timep.org/2024/05/03/under-siege-the-dismal-state-of-the-press-in-egypt/) - No improvement in media freedom is expected in 2024 unless necessary pressure is applied to the Egyptian regime or policies toward it are changed. - [Press Freedom in Tunisia: Joint UPR Submission](https://timep.org/2022/05/03/press-freedom-in-tunisia-joint-upr-submission/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), and the National Syndicate of Tunisian Journalists (SNJT) have submitted an alternative civil society report ahead of Tunisia’s upcoming fourth Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle in November 2022, documenting a deterioration in press freedom and the safety of journalists as a result of law and practice. - [Press Freedom in Algeria: Joint UPR Submission](https://timep.org/2022/05/03/press-freedom-in-algeria-joint-upr-submission/) - Ahead of the country’s upcoming fourth Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle set to take place in November 2022, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) have submitted an alternative report documenting a deterioration in press freedom, as a result of both law and practice. - [Press Freedom in Morocco: Joint UPR Submission](https://timep.org/2022/05/03/press-freedom-in-morocco-joint-upr-submission/) - Particularly following 2016-2017 protests that took place in the northern region of Rif, there has been a steady increase in attacks against journalists and restrictions to freedom of expression in Morocco in recent years. Ahead of the country’s upcoming fourth Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycle set to take place in November 2022, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) have submitted an alternative civil society report documenting the deterioration of press freedom in Morocco as a result of both law and practice. - [Press Freedom in Tunisia: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2022/10/06/press-freedom-in-tunisia-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Tunisia’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), and the National Syndicate of Tunisian Journalists (SNJT) have issued a UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet that complements the alternative civil society report that the three organizations published in May 2022 per the UPR process. - [Press Freedom in Algeria: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2022/10/06/press-freedom-in-algeria-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Algeria’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) have issued a UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet that complements the alternative civil society report that the two organizations published in May 2022 per the UPR process. The UPR is a mechanism of the - [Press Freedom in Morocco: UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2022/10/06/press-freedom-in-morocco-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Morocco’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR), the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) have issued a UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet that complements the alternative stakeholder report that the two organizations published in May 2022 per the UPR process. The UPR is a mechanism of the United - [إعادة تصوُّر نظام العدالة الجنائية في مصر: الشرطة](https://timep.org/2024/04/30/إعادة-تصوُّر-نظام-العدالة-الجنائية-في-3/) - تركّز ورقة "الشرطة: سلطات بلا قيود"، وهي إحدى مخرجات مشروع إعادة تصوُّر العدالة الجنائية في مصر، على دور الشرطة كسلطة إنفاذ للقانون خلال المراحل الأولى للدعوى الجنائية من خلال وصف عمل الشرطة ورجال الضبط القضائي في التشريع الداخلي المصري. يسلط القسم الأول من الورقة الضوء على سلطات الشرطة في التحري والاستدلال بوصفهما من أهم السلطات - [إعادة تصوُّر نظام العدالة الجنائية في مصر: النيابة](https://timep.org/2024/04/30/إعادة-تصوُّر-نظام-العدالة-الجنائية-في/) - تبين ورقة "طبيعة دور ووظيفة النيابة العامة وصلاحياتها"، وهي إحدى مخرجات مشروع إعادة تصوُّر العدالة الجنائية في مصر، أهمية إصلاح النيابة العامة كخطوة محورية لتطوير نظام العدالة الجنائية، نظرًا للسلطات الواسعة التي تتمتع بها النيابات في أثناء نظر الدعاوى الجنائية. يسلط القسم الأول الضوء على وظيفة وسلطات النيابة العامة منذ نشأتها في القرن التاسع عشر - [إعادة تصوُّر نظام العدالة الجنائية في مصر: القضاء   ](https://timep.org/2024/04/30/إعادة-تصوُّر-نظام-العدالة-الجنائية-في-2/) - تناقش ورقة "دوائر الإرهاب تحوّل القواعد الجنائية الاستثنائية لقواعد دائمة"، وهي إحدى مخرجات مشروع إعادة تصوُّر العدالة الجنائية في مصر، تأثير التشريعات والقوانين التي صدرت مؤخرا على النظام القضائي المصري، مع تسليط الضوء على محاكم الجنايات المخصصة لنظر قضايا الإرهاب، وأثر "القضاء الاستثنائي" على مبدأ القاضي الطبيعي وفكرة الاختصاص المكاني لمحاكم الجنايات، مع تقديم بعض - [إعادة تصوُّر نظام العدالة الجنائية في مصر: السجون ](https://timep.org/2024/04/30/إعادة-تصور-نظام-العدالة-الجنائية-في-مص-2/) - تهدف ورقة "السجون المصرية: مراكز تأهيل أم مراكز امتهان لكرامة وسلامة المواطنين؟"، وهي إحدى مخرجات مشروع إعادة تصوُّر نظام العدالة الجنائية في مصر، إلى توجيه الاهتمام نحو الحاجة المُلحة لإصلاح نظام السجون في مصر والعمل على حماية حقوق السجناء وضمان سلامتهم الجسدية والنفسية. وتسعى الورقة من خلال ثلاثة أقسام إلى الإجابة عن هذا السؤال. ويشمل - [Uprooted: Life and Loss One Year Into Sudan’s War ](https://timep.org/2024/05/01/uprooted-life-and-loss-one-year-into-sudans-war/) - TIMEP spoke with Sudanese advocates on their experiences surviving the Sudan war, their feelings of loss, displacement and what home has come to mean for them. - [إعادة تصوُّر نظام العدالة الجنائية في مصر](https://timep.org/2024/04/30/إعادة-تصور-نظام-العدالة-الجنائية-في-مص/) - شهدت مصر خلال العقد الماضي تصاعدًا غير مسبوق في حدة ووتيرة الانتهاكات التي ارتكبتها الأجهزة التي تشكل نظام العدالة الجنائية، وهي الشرطة، والنيابة العامة، والقضاء الجنائي، ومنظومة السجون، خاصة في القضايا ذات الطابع السياسي، أوالتي تتضمن اتهامات ضد معارضيّ السلطة، والصحفيين، والمدافعين عن حقوق الإنسان. طوَّعت السلطات نظام العدالة الجنائية ليصبح أداة لتعزيز سلطة الرئيس - [Beyond Extraction and Austerity: Tunisia’s Path to Prosperity](https://timep.org/2024/04/30/beyond-extraction-and-austerity-tunisias-path-to-prosperity/) - Traditional approaches to solving Tunisia’s chronic economic problems have shown little efficacy, highlighting the need for a new attitude toward reform. - [A Country on Hold: The Repeated Postponement of Lebanon’s Municipal Elections](https://timep.org/2024/04/24/a-country-on-hold-the-repeated-postponement-of-lebanons-municipal-elections/) - Lebanon's municipal elections are set to be postponed for a third time on April 25. This delay will significantly weaken local democracy and governance. - [A War for Sudan’s Identity: The Loss and Destruction of Culture and Heritage](https://timep.org/2024/04/15/a-war-for-sudans-identity-the-loss-and-destruction-of-culture-and-heritage/) - Millions of people fled their homes in Sudan, leaving everything behind. TIMEP nonresident fellow Reem Abbas tells her story of personal and collective loss. - [Letter to President Biden: Speak Out on Sudan](https://timep.org/2024/04/15/letter-to-president-biden-speak-out-on-sudan/) - On the one-year anniversary of the war in Sudan, TIMEP signed a statement calling on President Biden to speak out on the crisis in Sudan, to do more to protect civilians and secure humanitarian access, to call out governments implicated in arming perpetrators of atrocities, to support documentation and accountability efforts, and to ensure Sudanese fleeing the conflict have access to aid and refuge. - [The Façade of Dialogue and Political Openness: Egypt’s Increasing Repression and Arbitrary Detention](https://timep.org/2023/06/21/the-facade-of-dialogue-and-political-openness-egypts-increasing-repression-and-arbitrary-detention/) - Despite the intense propaganda to promote a new phase of political openness in Egypt, there have been more arrests in 2022, and more people were subjected to illegal arbitrary practices. - [Europe’s “Green Battery”: Extraction and Dispossession of Energy Infrastructure in Tunisia’s South](https://timep.org/2024/04/04/europes-green-battery-extraction-and-dispossession-of-energy-infrastructure-in-tunisias-south/) - Plans to generate solar and wind energy in the southern parts of Tunisia for export to Europe promise prosperity and development to local communities, but their implementation may yield more impoverishment. - [Via Samsung: Journalists Trapped in Egypt’s Security Machine](https://timep.org/2024/03/28/via-samsung-journalists-trapped-in-egypts-security-machine/) - Egypt’s security services control the country’s traditional media outlets, even little-known provincial journalists and owners of popular social media pages. - [Joint Statement: Egyptian authorities must end arbitrary detentions and forced deportations of Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers](https://timep.org/2024/03/27/joint-statement-egyptian-authorities-must-end-arbitrary-detentions-and-forced-deportations-of-sudanese-refugees-and-asylum-seekers/) - The undersigned organizations urge the Egyptian authorities to immediately stop the serious abuses against Sudanese seeking refuge in Egypt. After issuing Decree No. 3326 of 2023, end of August 2023, authorities have arrested and detained Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers in inhumane conditions, subjected them to unfair trials, and forcibly returned them to Sudan in violation - [Wars on Women: Gender and Conflict Across the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2024/03/15/wars-on-women-gender-and-conflict-across-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - This month, as the world marks International Women’s Day, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, including in Palestine, Sudan, and Syria, are taking a severe toll on women and girls. Across these conflicts, women and girls contend with uniquely gendered attacks on their bodily autonomy, freedom of movement, and agency; they experience forced - [The Politics of Sectarianism and Repentance in Egyptian Prisons: Notes from a Coptic Khidma](https://timep.org/2022/08/05/the-politics-of-sectarianism-and-repentance-in-egyptian-prisons-notes-from-a-coptic-khidma/) - In the Coptic tradition and theology, khidma refers to services conducted in the name of Jesus, but also other members of the divine community. Since the mid of the twentieth century, the Coptic Church institution claimed a controlling of the means of delivering these services in an adequate manner. This piece presents an overview of the benefits and challenges of the prisons-related khidma with respect to the politics of sectarianism and the theology of repentance in Egypt. - [The “Chromosome Trap”: Anti-Trans Narratives and Policy in Egypt](https://timep.org/2023/06/29/chromosome-trap-anti-trans-narratives-and-policy-in-egypt/) - Access to gender-affirming healthcare in Egypt is hobbled by medical policy that emphasizes the “chromosome trap” and thus disqualifies potential trans patients. What are, then, consequences for trans people and communities across Egypt, and is there potential hope for future policy action on gender-affirming healthcare in the country? - [Reporting Under Siege: Israel’s War on Journalists in Gaza](https://timep.org/2024/03/21/reporting-under-siege-israels-war-on-journalists-in-gaza/) - Much of the news from the war on Gaza has come from local journalists, and their reporting has come at a historically high cost. - [Cruelty, Torture, and Disappearance in Assad’s Syria: Thirteen Years and Counting](https://timep.org/2024/03/14/cruelty-torture-and-disappearance-in-assads-syria-thirteen-years-and-counting/) - In an instant, my family—just like dozens of thousands of families in Syria—was shattered with my father's disappearance, marking the end of one life and the painful birth of another. - [Understanding Egypt’s Ras Al-Hekma Land Deal: No Panacea](https://timep.org/2024/03/12/understanding-egypts-ras-al-hekma-land-deal-no-panacea/) - A complicated arrangement with key details missing, yet brandished as a turning point in the Egyptian economy: Is Ras Al-Hekma really going to save Egypt from its worst economic crisis? - [The Quiet and Dangerous Anti-LGBTQ+ Ideology of The Egyptian Coptic Orthodox Church ](https://timep.org/2024/03/13/the-quiet-and-dangerous-anti-lgbtq-ideology-of-the-egyptian-coptic-orthodox-church/) - Non-Islamic religious institutions in Egypt, such as the Coptic Orthodox Church, receive little to no scrutiny for their anti-LGBTQ+ actions, even though the church plays a role in the state’s anti-queer agenda. - [The Cycle of LGBTQ+ Socioeconomic Inequality in the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2023/06/21/the-cycle-of-lgbtq-socioeconomic-inequality-in-the-mena-region/) - As countries across the Middle East and North Africa confront staggering economic crises, the myriad existing inequalities and injustices LBGTQ+ people face are further exacerbated. In combination with deteriorating economic conditions, underlying issues of access to quality education, in addition to their marginalized status, can seriously limit employment options for LGBTQ+ people in the region, - [In the Shadow of Conflict: The Black Markets of Sudan’s War](https://timep.org/2024/02/28/in-the-shadow-of-conflict-the-black-markets-of-sudans-war/) - Sudan's war economy seems to have expanded this time around, reaching new geographical areas, entering new markets, and involving more traders. - [Darfur Under Attack: The Case for Civilian Protection and Atrocity Prevention](https://timep.org/2024/02/13/darfur-under-attack-the-case-for-civilian-protection-and-atrocity-prevention/) - Ten months into Sudan’s war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), the conflict continues to exact untold suffering on the Sudanese people, particularly in Darfur, as the global community turns its eyes away. In late January, the International Criminal Court (ICC) prosecutor, Karim Khan, warned that the heinous crimes - [واقع وسُبل انتصاف صحفيات شمال أفريقيا](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/واقع-وسُبل-انتصاف-صحفيات-شمال-أفريقيا/) - كجزء من مشروع صحفيات شمال أفريقيا، يسعدنا في معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط أن نصدر تقرير "واقع وسُبل انتصاف صحفيات شمال أفريقيا"، وهو تقرير بحثي يوثق أبرز التحديات والمخاطر والتهديدات التي تواجه الصحفيات في المنطقة بسبب عملهن الصحفي، كما يستعرض المسارات القانونية التي قد تكون متاحة للصحفيات خارج بلادهن. يتوفر التقرير باللغتين الإنجليزية والعربية، ويطرح - [Complacent Witnesses: How the Global Community Is Failing Sudan](https://timep.org/2024/02/20/complacent-witnesses-how-the-global-community-is-failing-sudan/) - Has the world been doing enough to end the war in Sudan? Unfortunately, the answer is simple: Absolutely not. - [صحفيات شمال أفريقيا: مذكرة قانونية ](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/صحفيات-شمال-أفريقيا-مذكرة-قانونية/) - استجابةً للدعوة التي وجهها المُقرِر الخاص للأمم المتحدة المعني بالحق في حرية الرأي والتعبير، وكجزء من مشروع صحفيات شمال أفريقيا، قام معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط بإعداد مذكرة قانونية تتناول التهديدات والتحديات التي تتعرض لها صحفيات شمال أفريقيا في المنفى والآثار المترتبة عليها. وتوثق المذكرة حالتين فرديتين من المغرب ومصر كأمثلة نمطية تم توثيقها عبر - [المسارات القانونية المتاحة لصحفيات شمال أفريقيا: حزمة أدوات عملية](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/المسارات-القانونية-المتاحة-لصحفيات-ش/) - تواجه صحفيات شمال أفريقيا انتهاكات خطيرة لحقوق الإنسان في سياق عملهن الصحفي على أيدي الجهات الحكومية وغير الحكومية. ومع ذلك، وفي كثير من الأحيان، يكون التصدي لهذه الانتهاكات عبر سُبل الانتصاف المحلية محدودًا جدًا، وغالبًا ما يكون خيار اللجوء إلى المسارات القانونية على المستويات الدولية والإقليمية والأجنبية أمرًا تقنيًا بالغ التعقيد وبعيد المنال. كجزء من - [Legal Pathways for Women Journalists in and from North Africa: A Practical Toolkit](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/legal-pathways-for-women-journalists-in-and-from-north-africa-a-practical-toolkit/) - Across North Africa, women journalists are experiencing serious human rights violations in the course of their journalistic work at the hands of state and non-state actors. Yet all too often, domestic recourse for these violations is limited and accessing legal pathways at the international, regional, and foreign levels is too technical and out of reach. - [The Realities and Recourse for Women Journalists in and from North Africa](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/the-realities-and-recourse-for-women-journalists-in-and-from-north-africa/) - As part of the Women Journalists in and from North Africa project, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is proud to release The Realities and Recourse for Women Journalists in and from North Africa, a research report that documents the key challenges, risks, and threats experienced by women journalists in North Africa as - [Women Journalists from North Africa in Exile: A Legal Submission](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/women-journalists-from-north-africa-in-exile-a-legal-submission/) - In response to a call put out by the United Nations Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Opinion and Expression, and as part of the Women Journalists in and from North Africa project, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) has put together a legal submission on the threats and challenges facing women journalists in - [National Coalition Urges President Biden to Restore UNRWA Funding to Aid Palestinians](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/national-coalition-urges-president-biden-to-restore-unrwa-funding-to-aid-palestinians/) - This week, a coalition of more than 50 national organizations sent a letter to President Biden urging him to support the protection of civilians in the conflict in the Occupied Gaza Strip by restoring funding to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). - [Northwest Syria’s Children Erased: The Impacts of Statelessness](https://timep.org/2024/02/14/northwest-syrias-children-erased-the-impacts-of-statelessness/) - Perhaps no issue underscores children living in northwest Syria’s precarious existence more than the deprivation of their rights to nationality and legal identity, both of which are fundamental rights. - [Egypt’s Energy Blackouts: A Growing Crisis Amid War](https://timep.org/2024/02/12/egypts-energy-blackouts-a-growing-crisis-amid-war/) - The war on Gaza has impacted Egypt's energy balance as more electricity blackouts have been rolled out throughout the country, impacting. - [#KeepItOn in times of war: Sudan’s communications shutdown must be reversed urgently ](https://timep.org/2024/02/09/keepiton-in-times-of-war-sudans-communications-shutdown-must-be-reversed-urgently/) - We, the undersigned organizations and members of the #KeepItOn coalition — a global network of over 300 human rights organizations from 105 countries working to end internet shutdowns — urge the warring parties in Sudan to immediately end the disruption of internet access across the country. Internet shutdowns during wars and armed conflict endanger people’s lives, prevent - [From Hashtags to Hush-Tags: The Tug of War Over Social Media in Conflict Zones](https://timep.org/2024/02/08/from-hashtags-to-hush-tags-the-tug-of-war-over-social-media-in-conflict-zones/) - The removal of victims' online content in conflict zones such as Gaza and Syria plays in favor of regimes committing atrocities. And social media platforms are not passive bystanders in this censorship. - [Smoke and Mirrors: Assad’s Exploitation of Israel’s War on Gaza to Escalate Atrocities in Idlib](https://timep.org/2024/02/06/smoke-and-mirrors-assads-exploitation-of-israels-war-on-gaza-to-escalate-atrocities-in-idlib/) - Since October, and capitalizing on the world’s focus on Gaza, Assad’s regime has intensified its assaults on civilians in Idlib to perpetuate violence with minimal attention. - [#CeasefireNow: Open Call for an Immediate Ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and Israel](https://timep.org/2023/10/22/ceasefirenow-open-call-for-an-immediate-ceasefire-in-the-gaza-strip-and-israel/) - On October 22, 2023, TIMEP signed onto the statement "#CeasefireNow: Open Call for an Immediate Ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and Israel to Prevent a Humanitarian Catastrophe and Further Loss of Innocent Lives." - [Six More Years: Where is Egypt Going Next? ](https://timep.org/2024/01/22/six-more-years-where-is-egypt-going-next/) - Following presidential elections in December, President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi has been reelected with 89.6 percent and secured himself another six years in office - made possible through his 2019 constitutional amendment which increased the presidential term from four to six years, and allowed Sisi to exceptionally serve a third presidential term, rather than be limited - [Death, Displacement and Trauma: The Human Cost of War in Southern Lebanon](https://timep.org/2024/01/24/death-displacement-and-trauma-the-human-cost-of-war-in-southern-lebanon/) - Given the decades-long history of wars, occupation and military action in Lebanon's south, the threat of another conflict had always loomed for the area's inhabitants. - [Contesting the Digital Space: The Role of Laws and Tech Policy in the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2023/10/24/contesting-the-digital-space-the-role-of-laws-and-tech-policy-in-the-mena-region/) - As the digital landscape of the Middle East and North Africa continues to evolve, so do the legal frameworks and corporate policies governing the space. In recent years, tech companies have at several times failed to effectively protect the integrity of the information environment through censorship, over-moderation of content, and amplification of disinformation, often at - [Impasse with the IMF: Egypt’s Deteriorating Economy and the Role of the Military](https://timep.org/2023/10/19/impasse-with-the-imf-egypts-deteriorating-economy-and-the-role-of-the-military/) - As Egypt gears up to hold presidential elections this December, the country’s economy is in crisis. Inflation has hit record highs, unemployment continues to rise, and a worrying, rising number of Egyptians are making the difficult decision to embark on an extremely dangerous journey by sea to reach Europe as refugees. Nearly a year ago, - [Crisis, Fragility, and A Broken Global System: Reflections on the MENA Region in 2024](https://timep.org/2024/01/18/crisis-fragility-and-a-broken-global-system-reflections-on-the-mena-region-in-2024/) - Bracing for a challenging 2024, our nonresident fellows explain in a few words what they believe the policy world should focus on for the MENA region based on their field of work. - [No Exit: Egypt’s Dilemma on Gaza](https://timep.org/2024/01/16/no-exit-egypts-dilemma-on-gaza/) - Egypt finds itself between a rock and a hard place in the current war on Gaza. How Egypt decides to move forward could affect the security of the region for years to come. - [Lebanon on the Brink: Failing the State As War Sirens Blare](https://timep.org/2024/01/11/lebanon-on-the-brink-failing-the-state-as-war-sirens-blare/) - As the fighting between Hezbollah and Israel worsens, it is central to understand Lebanon’s current political and economic context to produce meaningful proposals. - [From Gaza to The Hague: Navigating the ICC Investigation and the Pursuit of Palestinian Justice](https://timep.org/2023/12/19/from-gaza-to-the-hague-navigating-the-icc-investigation-and-the-pursuit-of-palestinian-justice/) - With the ongoing war on Gaza, it is imperative that the International Court Criminal Court fulfills its mandate, and upholds the international legal system that has failed Palestinians for decades. - [Issue 4: Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2023/12/20/issue-4-rule-of-law-developments-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), in partnership with Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Rule of Law Programme Middle East & North Africa, is pleased to release the fourth issue of a newsletter titled, “Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa,” which features in-depth analysis in Arabic, written by expert contributors on key - [So Close Yet So Far: The Political and Economic Isolation of Northwest Syria](https://timep.org/2023/02/20/so-close-yet-so-far-the-political-and-economic-isolation-of-northwest-syria/) - Before the earthquake, the future of northwest Syria was already strongly compromised. - [Welcome No More: How Turkey Targets Increasingly Vulnerable Syrians](https://timep.org/2023/10/11/welcome-no-more-how-turkey-targets-increasingly-vulnerable-syrians/) - In a tense context of a worsening economic crisis in Turkey, Syrians living in the country have been regularly scapegoated by politicians and citizens, and many advocate for normalizing ties with the Syrian regime to end the war and send Syrians back to their country. - [“Nobody Cheers for the General”: Egyptians Are No Longer Singing Sisi’s Praises](https://timep.org/2023/12/14/nobody-cheers-for-the-general-egyptians-are-no-longer-singing-sisis-praises/) - Over the past decade, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi’s regime has employed an interesting repertoire of producing music in support of the state and its objective. But the effectiveness in co-opting support for the regime is nearing its end. - [The War Next Door: Sisi's Balancing Act on Gaza](https://timep.org/2023/12/12/the-war-next-door-sisis-balancing-act-on-gaza/) - Amidst the backdrop of Egypt’s presidential elections, the Egyptian government is torn between allowing Gaza demonstrations and its own insecurities regarding allowing demonstrations. - [The Lead-Up to Egypt’s 2023 Presidential Election](https://timep.org/2023/12/08/the-lead-up-to-egypts-2023-presidential-election/) - This explainer thoroughly examines Egypt’s ongoing elections, with President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi vying for a third mandate. - [Inside Women’s Prisons in Egypt: Conditions and Violations Behind Bars ](https://timep.org/2023/11/29/inside-womens-prisons-in-egypt-conditions-and-violations-behind-bars/) - As the Egyptian authorities have intensified its repression of political opponents and increasingly restricted space for free expression over the last decade, the arrest rates of women in particular have been rising consistently. Although subject to the same overarching conditions of detention as men, women prisoners experience unique forms of harassment, abuse, and humiliation — - [Time to Tackle Climate Change in Northeast Syria](https://timep.org/2023/12/07/time-to-tackle-climate-change-in-northeast-syria/) - The pressing climate challenges in Northeast Syria have taken a back seat, overshadowed by the dominance of immediate survival concerns. But the moment to act is now. - [Domestic Avenues for Accountability in Syria](https://timep.org/2023/07/07/domestic-avenues-for-accountability-in-syria/) - While governments across the MENA region welcome the Assad regime back to the international stage, extraterritorial accountability efforts shed some light on the decades-long fight for justice that Syrian survivors have been seeking. - [Instruments of Harm: Dissecting Israel's Health Warfare in Gaza](https://timep.org/2023/12/05/instruments-of-harm-dissecting-israels-health-warfare-in-gaza/) - Israel’s systematic targeting of health infrastructure, manufactured scarcity of medical supplies and fuel, and restricted access to basic necessities in Gaza are all different means through which the destruction of healthcare has been used as a weapon of war against Gaza’s population. - [What Finance Is Left for Conflict and Crisis Ravaged Countries? Beyond Loss and Damage in MENA](https://timep.org/2023/11/21/what-finance-is-left-for-conflict-and-crisis-ravaged-countries-beyond-loss-and-damage-in-mena/) - As COP 28 quickly approaches, taking place in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) for the second year in a row, multiple countries across the MENA region are in disarray, either ravaged by armed conflict or facing severe political and economic crises. As these countries struggle to meet the basic needs of their own - [Security Over Democracy: The Compromising of Sudan’s Transition](https://timep.org/2023/04/25/security-over-democracy-the-compromising-of-sudans-transition/) - “The events that have taken place in Sudan since 2019 prove that democracy and security cannot be thought of separately: they both must be worked on together as part of one process,” TIMEP Nonresident Fellow Hamid Khalafallah says. - [Ongoing Atrocities in Darfur and the Betrayal of Sudan’s Pro-Democracy Movement](https://timep.org/2023/11/30/ongoing-atrocities-in-darfur-and-the-betrayal-of-sudans-pro-democracy-movement/) - The ongoing conflict in Sudan between the Rapid Support Forces and the Sudanese Armed Forces has reached a critical juncture, particularly in Darfur. Amidst the escalating violence, Mat Nashed talks to TIMEP and discusses the crucial steps toward restoring stability and a potential ceasefire. - [The Moudawana: Morocco’s Nearly 20-Year Old Family Code](https://timep.org/2023/07/07/the-moudawana-moroccos-nearly-20-year-old-family-code/) - Morocco’s House of Representatives began to discuss the possibility of reforming the country’s 2004 family code, known as the Moudawana, which covers issues such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and child custody. The new amendments would help reform some of the provisions, as well as solve a number of issues with the implementation and the interpretation of the text. - [Biden’s Unbalanced Support for Israel Comes With a Heavy Price](https://timep.org/2023/11/28/bidens-unbalanced-support-for-israel-comes-with-a-heavy-price/) - The United States’ one-sided solidarity with Israel is widely perceived, particularly in the Middle East, as bestowing upon Israel a sense of impunity for its humanitarian violations in Gaza. - [The Suffocation of Civil Society in Tunisia: A Chronicle of a Slow Constriction](https://timep.org/2023/11/09/the-suffocation-of-civil-society-in-tunisia-a-chronicle-of-a-slow-constriction/) - Once celebrated as a shining achievement of the Tunisian revolution, civil society in Tunisia now finds itself grappling with persistent challenges, and its very survival is hanging in the balance. - [Women’s Prisons in Egypt: Testimonies of Cruelty Behind Concrete](https://timep.org/2023/11/16/womens-prisons-in-egypt-testimonies-of-cruelty-behind-concrete/) - This article sheds light on human rights violations and what life behind prison walls is truly like for women prisoners in Egypt. - [Turning Commitments Into Action: Civilian Inclusion in Sudan’s Peace Process](https://timep.org/2023/10/25/turning-commitments-into-action-civilian-inclusion-in-sudans-peace-process/) - Inclusive and participatory peace processes have often been sidelined in Sudan. These peace processes have failed to address the root causes of the impasses, hindering the country’s democratic transition. - [Tainted Narratives: Tech Giants Harming Users in War Time](https://timep.org/2023/10/24/tainted-narratives-tech-giants-harming-users-in-war-time/) - Tech companies have generally failed in protecting people from dangerous narratives fueled by disinformation, hate speech, and a lack of authentication checks. This is the current case with the ongoing war on Gaza, as big tech algorithms attempt to mask deeply-rooted bias on their platforms. - [Issue 3: Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2023/10/19/issue-3-rule-of-law-developments-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), in partnership with Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Rule of Law Programme Middle East & North Africa, is pleased to release the third issue of a newsletter titled, “Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa,” which features in-depth analysis written by expert contributors on key rule of - [New International Criminal Court Probe in Recent Attacks in Sudan’s Darfur](https://timep.org/2023/10/19/new-international-criminal-court-probe-in-recent-attacks-in-sudans-darfur/) - The International Criminal Court decided to open an investigation into atrocities that have been committed in West Darfur since conflict in Sudan erupted in April 2023. The investigation is limited to events in Darfur, relying on the existing United Nations Security Council referral of 2005. There is, however, little to suggest that enforcement would be easier or more effective this time around. - [The New Cross-Border Predicament in Syria](https://timep.org/2023/10/19/the-new-cross-border-predicament-in-syria/) - UN-coordinated cross-border aid into Syria has been dependent on a UNSC resolution, and its renewal has been controlled by the whims of the Syrian regime and its ally, Russia. Things do not need to be this way, as there is a legal basis for continued humanitarian access, independent of the UNSC, or regime consent in Syria. - [Jordan’s New Cybercrime Law Passes Despite Freedom Concerns](https://timep.org/2023/10/19/jordans-new-cybercrime-law-passes-despite-freedom-concerns/) - In record time of just under a month, Jordan passed a new cybercrime law in August 2023, reawakening widespread public criticism with regards to its impact on freedom of expression and how the law’s provisions could be used by authorities to counter dissenting voices. - [Lebanon’s Movement for Accountability: How Lebanon's International Partners Can Support the Path to Justice](https://timep.org/2023/09/14/lebanons-movement-for-accountability-how-lebanons-international-partners-can-support-the-path-to-justice/) - Four years on from the onset of Lebanon’s economic and political crisis and three years on from the cataclysmic Beirut port explosion, the criminal architects and beneficiaries of the country’s corrupt political system are still in power. After over 30 years of corruption and financial mismanagement as Lebanon’s Central Bank Governor, Riad Salameh has been - [Beyond Borders: A Regional Dialogue on Enforced Disappearances in MENA](https://timep.org/2023/08/29/beyond-borders-a-regional-dialogue-on-enforced-disappearances-in-mena/) - As the world marked the International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a virtual event on Tuesday, September 5, 2023 to shed light on the haunting reality of enforced disappearances in Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and Lebanon. For far too long, families have endured the torment - [The War to Take Over West Darfur and its Capital, Al-Geneina](https://timep.org/2023/09/26/the-war-to-take-over-west-darfur-and-its-capital-al-geneina/) - On September 9, a picture from Al-Geneina, the capital of West Darfur, showed that power was finally back in the city after nearly five months of complete darkness. It did not matter anymore: homes were burned and its residents were displaced. Bringing a city back to life is impossible without its population, and as long as the town’s people continue to be targeted, Al-Geneina will not return to life. - [Egypt’s Racial Nationalism: Neo-Pharaonism as a Tool of the State](https://timep.org/2023/09/20/egypts-racial-nationalism-neo-pharaonism-as-a-tool-of-the-state/) - In the last few years, the Egyptian state has been promoting a nationalist discourse that encourages pharaonic identity politics, known as neo-pharaonism. - [A Decade of Curricular Reform? Egypt's Schools Still Teach Division and Discrimination](https://timep.org/2023/09/17/a-decade-of-curricular-reform-egypts-schools-still-teach-division-and-discrimination/) - Egypt’s education system has long been criticized for an increasing intrusion of religious discourse in its curricula. What has that looked like, and how has the Egyptian government responded? - [Syrian Refugees in Turkey: Legal Frameworks and Recent Developments](https://timep.org/2022/11/21/syrian-refugees-in-turkey-legal-frameworks-and-recent-developments/) - Syrians in Turkey are currently coping with a broad set of challenges that human rights defenders are tackling with their limited means, from administrative complexities, restriction of movement, precarity and lack of integration, policy changes, securitization, to exposure to xenophobic rhetoric, racist crimes, arbitrary arrests, forced displacement to Northern Syria, and fears of reconciliation as Turkey is laying the ground for closer political relations with the Syrian regime. Yet, at the same time, they try to be integrated, support their families, send their children to school, and have access to healthcare structures. Integration success varies significantly according to age, gender, social class, marital status, and regions, among other factors. - [Joint Statement – Biden Decision to Grant Military Aid to Egypt Undermines U.S. Credibility and Interests](https://timep.org/2023/09/14/joint-statement-biden-decision-to-grant-military-aid-to-egypt-undermines-u-s-credibility-and-interests/) - The Biden administration’s decision to provide the Government of Egypt with the $235 million in Fiscal Year (FY) 2022 Foreign Military Financing (FMF) that Congress conditioned on human rights benchmarks sends the wrong message at the wrong time. By withholding less than it did in each of the last two years, the administration is effectively - [Fighting Poverty in Lebanon: Moving from Paternalistic Patronage to Social Protection](https://timep.org/2023/09/13/fighting-poverty-in-lebanon-moving-from-paternalistic-patronage-to-social-protection/) - Due to a rapidly deteriorating economy and skyrocketing poverty levels in Lebanon, social protection programs are now more important than ever. Can the World Bank supported social protection program offer an optimistic first step for more long-term, sustainable welfare models? - [Digital Persecution: Surveillance in Queer Digital Spaces ](https://timep.org/2023/08/25/digital-persecution-surveillance-in-queer-digital-spaces/) - While digital spaces have often been a haven for queer communities and movements in the MENA region, governments are increasingly compromising these spaces through entrapment, blackmail, arrests, and persecution. - [Getting Away With It: The Systems and Institutions Protecting Lebanon's Elite](https://timep.org/2023/08/14/getting-away-with-it-the-systems-and-institutions-protecting-lebanons-elite/) - As Lebanon marks three years this month since the devastating August 4, 2020 Beirut Port explosion, the country’s political elite are still far from being held to account—not those complicit in the deadly blast, nor those who have stolen billions of dollars from the Lebanese people and drained banks and public institutions of their funds, - [In Solidarity with Egyptian Fact-Checking and Independent Media Platform Matsadaash](https://timep.org/2023/08/23/in-solidarity-with-egyptian-fact-checking-and-independent-media-platform-matsadaash/) - Independent journalism, open-source investigative work, and fact-checking are critical in any free society. - [Externalizing Borders or Externalizing Repression? Tunisia at the Center of a Failed Asylum Architecture](https://timep.org/2023/08/21/externalizing-borders-or-externalizing-repression-tunisia-at-the-center-of-a-failed-asylum-architecture/) - As Tunisia becomes increasingly hostile and Europe opts for border externalization, refugees and asylum seekers find themselves stuck in limbo, desperately awaiting humane living conditions, employment, or even resettlement. - [With War Raging, Sudan Needs Justice More Than Ever](https://timep.org/2023/08/15/with-war-raging-sudan-needs-justice-more-than-ever/) - For decades, domestic, regional, and international political actors have worked toward peace while eschewing justice. Civil society actors such as resistance committees are leading the way in demonstrating justice and peace must be pursued together for democracy and stability to last. - [Rising Seas Bring Rising Threats to Tunisia’s Kerkennah Islands](https://timep.org/2023/08/09/rising-seas-bring-rising-threats-to-tunisias-kerkennah-islands/) - The Tunisian islands of Kerkennah stand to be gravely affected by climate change and specifically, rising sea levels. With fishing forming the bedrock of Kerkennah’s economy, local communities are organizing to resist and adapt to these environmental changes. - [The Decades-Long Fight to Change Morocco’s Family Law](https://timep.org/2023/08/10/the-decades-long-fight-to-change-moroccos-family-law/) - An updated family law is anticipated to be unveiled in the fall, after sustained advocacy by feminist organizations and women’s rights groups. While Moroccan family law has made strides in advancing women’s rights, there remains much more to be done. - [Kais Saied vs the Rule of Law: Political Prisoners and Repression in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2023/07/13/kais-saied-vs-the-rule-of-law-political-prisoners-and-repression-in-tunisia/) - In the two years since Tunisian President Kais Saied seized power on July 25, 2021, Saied has systematically dismantled the country’s system of checks and balances, and the process has been further exacerbated by the recent wave of arrests that have shaken the country since early 2023, including the notable "Conspiracy Against State Security Case," - [Lebanon: Joint letter to the Human Rights Council Calling for an International Fact-Finding Mission into the Beirut Blast](https://timep.org/2023/08/03/lebanon-joint-letter-to-the-human-rights-council-calling-for-an-international-fact-finding-mission-into-the-beirut-blast/) - An open letter from Lebanese and international organizations, survivors and families of victims urging the Permanent Representative of Member and Observer States of the United Nations Human Rights Council the establishment of an international, independent and impartial fact-finding mission into human rights violations related to the Beirut port explosion of August 4, 2020. - [The Shrinking of Tunisia’s Judicial Independence Since 2021](https://timep.org/2023/08/02/the-shrinking-of-tunisias-judicial-independence-since-july-2021/) - President Kais Saied’s power grab on July 25, 2021 and subsequent rule by executive decree has dramatically transformed Tunisia’s once-hopeful path to democracy. This article examines the instrumentalization of the executive, security forces, and military in consolidating his power. - [Sudan in Conflict: The Impact of Failed International Policy and the Way Forward](https://timep.org/2023/07/20/sudan-in-conflict-the-impact-of-failed-international-policy-and-the-way-forward/) - Sudan’s warring generals have subjected the country to a brutal conflict for nearly three months with no end in sight. That the most recently announced ceasefire on Tuesday, June 27 for Eid al-Adha collapsed in a matter of hours came as no surprise, as none of the 16 previous ceasefires brokered by the United States - [Egyptians in Exile: Activism and Organizing Abroad Since 2013](https://timep.org/2022/03/23/egyptians-in-exile-activism-and-organizing-abroad-since-2013/) - More than eleven years since Egyptians took to the streets in what became the January 25 Revolution, the conversation about the positionality of Egyptians in exile is front and center. Who has left the country? Why did they leave? How have they organized politically? How have Egyptian authorities responded to the growing presence of Egyptian - [A Homeland Lives Within Us, But We Cannot Live in It: Egyptian Organizing and Activism from Exile](https://timep.org/2022/03/23/a-homeland-lives-within-us-but-we-cannot-live-in-it-egyptian-organizing-and-activism-from-exile/) - In light of the role played by Egyptians in exile in organizing around urgent human rights concerns and unmet citizen demands, this piece aims to answer several questions, including: How have foreign cities become more responsive to developments in Egypt in recent years? Can organizing in these cities be linked to the noticeable increase in activists that have left Egypt since 2013? Who has left Egypt? Why did they leave? Where did they go? How have they interacted with developments in Egypt? What are the most notable forms of organizing and activism which those in exile have participated in? What are the most significant challenges faced by Egyptian activists abroad? - [July 25, Two Years On: Lessons Learned from Tunisia](https://timep.org/2023/07/25/july-25-two-years-on-lessons-learned-from-tunisia/) - Tunisia has seen a rapid authoritarian encroachment by President Kais Saied since July 25, 2021. What lessons can we learn and apply to the actors resisting this change? - [Money Is Power: Hemedti and the RSF's Paramilitary Industrial Complex in Sudan](https://timep.org/2023/07/26/money-is-power-hemedti-and-the-rsfs-paramilitary-industrial-complex-in-sudan/) - The last few years have seen the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) catapult into political power and legitimacy, culminating in the outbreak of war between the militia and the Sudanese Armed Forces on April 15, 2023. This article offers a close examination of their financial networks and what that means for Sudan’s ongoing war. - [The Lebanese Labor Market: Where Informality, Exploitation, and Unemployment Run Rampant](https://timep.org/2023/07/20/the-lebanese-labor-market-where-informality-exploitation-and-unemployment-runs-rampant/) - The Lebanese labor market has long been characterized by exploitative working conditions, rising unemployment, and a lack of worker protections and benefits, especially after the 2019 economic crisis. What is the current labor landscape in Lebanon, and how do affected communities continue to organize? - [Civil Society Condemns Sentencing of Egyptian Academic and Researcher Patrick George Zaki](https://timep.org/2023/07/18/civil-society-organizations-condemn-sentencing-of-egyptian-academic-and-researcher-patrick-george-zaki/) - We, the undersigned civil society organizations and individuals, condemn the three-year prison sentence handed down to human rights researcher at the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR) and academic Patrick George Zaki for his writings highlighting the hardship and discrimination faced by Coptic Christians in Egypt, such as himself. On July 18, 2023, following a - [Tunisia: Rights Groups seek opinion of UN mechanism on the arbitrary detention of political prisoners and call on the immediate release of all detainees](https://timep.org/2023/07/14/tunisia-rights-groups-seek-opinion-of-un-mechanism-on-the-arbitrary-detention-of-political-prisoners-and-call-on-the-immediate-release-of-all-detainees/) - The Tunisian National Committee for the Defense of Freedoms and Democracy, Avocats Sans Frontières, Euromed Rights, and the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy filed a joint complaint this week before the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention on behalf of eight Tunisian political prisoners arbitrarily detained under trumped-up charges of “conspiracy against the state.” - [Issue 2: Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2023/07/07/issue-2-rule-of-law-developments-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), in partnership with Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Rule of Law Programme Middle East & North Africa, is pleased to release the second issue of a new newsletter titled, “Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa,” which features in-depth analysis written by expert contributors on key rule - [Libya: The International Community’s Bet over Holding Elections in 2023](https://timep.org/2023/07/07/libya-the-international-communitys-bet-over-holding-elections-in-2023/) - Presidential and parliamentary elections have long been heralded as a solution for Libya’s political instability. This process, however, has so far been characterized by a weak electoral infrastructure and power struggles between Libyan political actors. - [The Legal Whirlwind Around Lebanon’s Departing Central Bank Governor](https://timep.org/2023/07/07/the-legal-whirlwind-around-lebanons-departing-central-bank-governor/) - Riad Salameh’s 30 year tenure as governor of Lebanon’s central bank—now coming to an end—has been mired by financial mismanagement, corruption, and evasion of accountability. As of May 2023, Interpol has issued two red notices against the governor, which he continues to evade with the help of Lebanese authorities. - [Easy Prey: How Egypt Exploits the Families of the Detained and Forcibly Disappeared](https://timep.org/2023/07/06/easy-prey-how-egypt-exploits-the-families-of-the-detained-and-forcibly-disappeared/) - An unprecedented amount of political arrests and arbitrary detentions has led to increased exploitation of detainees’ families by conmen and lawyers, often involving thousands of Egyptian pounds. These patterns of extortion also extend to dynamics inside the prison, where humiliation, smuggling, and bribery is rampant. - [Sisi’s Disastrous Decade](https://timep.org/2023/07/03/sisis-disastrous-decade/) - The past decade of repressive, extractive, and disorganized governance has imposed an enormous toll on Egyptians, their state, and their country. - [On the Return of Syrian Refugees](https://timep.org/2020/12/14/on-the-return-of-syrian-refugees/) - Nearly 5.6 million Syrians have been forcibly displaced from Syria to neighboring countries in the Middle Eastern region, and millions more are considered internally displaced within Syria or have sought refuge in other countries across the globe. This has resulted in a major regional and international humanitarian emergency, affecting the lives of millions of Syrians - [Pathways to Accountability for the Beirut Blast Two Years on: From Investigative Journalism to the Courts](https://timep.org/2022/08/12/pathways-to-accountability-for-the-beirut-blast-two-years-on-from-investigative-journalism-to-the-courts/) - On Wednesday, August 3, 2022, Human Rights Watch, Accountability Now, Daraj Media, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), and the Project on Middle East Democracy (POMED) jointly hosted an online briefing to highlight domestic and international efforts to seek accountability for the Beirut blast two years on, focusing on the pathways to justice and the role that - [Towards an Independent Judicial Branch in Lebanon? Part 1: The Civil Judiciary](https://timep.org/2021/10/26/towards-an-independent-judicial-branch-in-lebanon-part-1-the-civil-judiciary/) - This first of two parts examines the role of Lebanon's civil judiciary and recent efforts at institutional reform amid an environment in which it is suffocated and coopted. - [The Beirut Blast Investigation: Deploying the Law to Evade Justice ](https://timep.org/2023/05/30/the-beirut-blast-investigation-deploying-the-law-to-evade-justice/) - Not many political regimes can withstand the aftermath of a man-made economic collapse and an avoidable explosion that left the city in ruins, all while evading accountability. However, the suspects in the Beirut blast have thus far succeeded in impeding the investigation. - [Nightmare Realized: Syrians Face Mass Forced Deportations from Lebanon](https://timep.org/2023/05/24/nightmare-realized-syrians-face-mass-forced-deportations-from-lebanon/) - In April 2023, Lebanon witnessed a severe deterioration in its previous approach to dealing with the Syrian refugee crisis, marked by widespread arrests and forced deportations conducted by the Lebanese armed forces, fueled by hate speech and misinformation. - [Assessing Egypt’s State Ownership Policy: Challenges and Requirements](https://timep.org/2023/05/09/assessing-egypts-state-ownership-policy-challenges-and-requirements/) - More than thirty years after the launch in 1991 of the Economic Reform and Structural Transformation Program that was supposed to privatize much of Egypt’s state-owned economy, government interventions through laws and regulations remain so widespread that they virtually determine the level and composition of output in many economic sectors, even those in which the - [TIMEP’s 2023-2024 Nonresident Fellowship Cohort](https://timep.org/2023/05/22/timeps-2023-2024-nonresident-fellowship-cohort/) - TIMEP is thrilled to announce the members of its 2023-2024 Nonresident Fellowship cohort! Tackling critical issues from surveillance and digital rights to gender and sexuality in countries from Tunisia to Syria, these fellows bring a diverse and dynamic array of expertise, experience, and insights to the TIMEP team. Throughout their one year fellowships, TIMEP’s nonresident - [Local Governance in Lebanon: The Great Mirage](https://timep.org/2023/05/18/local-governance-in-lebanon-the-great-mirage/) - After enduring over three years of a fiscal and institutional crisis, Lebanese municipalities find themselves devoid of a well-defined economic identity, and lack in resources and the strategic foresight necessary for comprehensive development - [COP Comes to MENA: Examining Climate Change in the Region](https://timep.org/2022/08/18/cop-comes-to-mena/) - On Thursday, August 25 at 11:00am EDT, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) for a conversation with Malak Altaeb (TIMEP), Sarine Karajerjian (ARI), Sammy Kayed (Environment Academy), and Zeina Moneer, moderated by Reuters Levant Bureau Chief Maya Gebeily with opening remarks by TIMEP's Achref Chibani about the top climate change issues affecting MENA. - [TIMEP Announces New Fellowships in 2023](https://timep.org/2023/02/16/timep-announces-new-fellowships-in-2023/) - TIMEP’s fellowship programs are an investment in the future of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Over the years, the institute has built a name for itself in establishing an impactful and dynamic fellowship program that brings together young and mid-career advocates and experts from and in the region and provides them with the toolkit to bring about transformative change. - [Seeking Justice: Mzaik v. Syria and the Free Syria's Disappeared Coalition for Accountability](https://timep.org/2023/05/05/seeking-justice-mzaik-v-syria-and-the-freesyriasdisappeared-coalition-for-accountability/) - The Free Syria’s Disappeared Coalition, MENA Prison Forum, and the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) are delighted to have co-hosted a virtual panel discussion and Q&A session entitled "Seeking Justice: Mzaik v. Syria and the FreeSyria'sDisappeared Coalition for Accountability," on May 11, 2023. The Center for Justice and Accountability (CJA) co-filed a lawsuit - [TIMEP Welcomes Six New Board of Advisors Members](https://timep.org/2023/05/10/timep-welcomes-six-new-board-of-advisors-members/) - As it heads into its second decade of operations, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is thrilled to welcome six new members to its Board of Advisors. They bring a diverse and dynamic array of expertise, experiences, and background to the role, commensurate with TIMEP’s regional direction and approach: Miray Philips, Marwa Fatafta, - [Is Algeria Ready to Join BRICS?](https://timep.org/2023/05/09/is-algeria-ready-to-join-brics/) - Despite its economic shortcomings, Algeria’s geographic position, fast-growing population, and warm relations with all BRICS countries, makes its bid a strong one. - [Joint statement: Governments and international and UN bodies must intervene to provide safe passages for civilians and urgent means of relief](https://timep.org/2023/05/05/joint-statement-governments-and-international-and-un-bodies-must-intervene-to-provide-safe-passages-for-civilians-and-urgent-means-of-relief/) - As we extend our deepest condolences and solidarity with the Sudanese people who are going through this difficult ordeal, we stress the importance of dealing immediately with the urgent humanitarian needs of the Sudanese people and refugee communities inside the country without any bias or political interference. - [Bombing in Mansoura Kills 15 and Injures Over 100](https://timep.org/2013/12/24/bombing-mansoura-kills-15-injures-100/) - In one of the most violent attacks Egypt has seen since the July 3, 2013 coup that deposed former President Morsi, a December 24, 2013 bombing at the Dakahliya Security Directorate in Mansoura, a region north of Cairo, killed 15 and injured 134 people. The explosion, which also caused severe damage to the directorate, the - [Cairo bridge bombing in Giza Square](https://timep.org/2014/02/07/feb7-14-3/) - According to reports, two bombs exploded on a bridge in Giza Square in Giza, greater Cairo, late this morning. The explosives appeared to target two police vehicles stationed on the overpass. According to the Health Ministry, six individuals were injured in the bombings; two of the wounded were reportedly members of the Cairo security forces, - [Gas pipeline bombing in al-Arish](https://timep.org/2014/02/11/feb11-14-2/) - Unidentified militants bombed the natural gas pipeline south of al-Arish city. The pipeline provides natural gas to various cement factories near al-Arish, but there is no word on whether the attack affected the industries it supplies. There were no reported casualties, and Egyptian security forces have not yet identified the attackers The Sinai gas pipeline - [Bombings at Cairo University](https://timep.org/2014/04/02/bombings-cairo-university/) - Three bombs exploded in front of Cairo University today. The first two, targeting a police checkpoint at al-Nahda Square, went off shortly before noon in front of the university’s main gate, killing one officer and injuring four others. The officer, Brigadier General Tarek al-Mergawy, was the Director of West Giza Investigations. The two explosions collapsed - [Algeria and the State of Freedom of Expression](https://timep.org/2023/04/10/algeria-and-the-state-of-freedom-of-expression/) - While the days of the Hirak movement seemed to suggest that Algeria was heading towards the path of progress, the developments of the past few years with regards to freedom of the press and freedom of expression are suggesting otherwise. - [Tunisia's Increasing Restrictions on Freedom of Expression](https://timep.org/2023/04/10/tunisias-increasing-restrictions-on-freedom-of-expression/) - Since Saied’s power grab on July 25, 2021, political and judicial developments in Tunisia have raised serious concerns over the state’s future. - [Tough Territory for Transgender People in the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2022/04/07/tough-territory-for-transgender-people-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - Egypt, Lebanon, and Tunisia lack clear avenues for transgender people to obtain legal gender recognition, increasing their vulnerability to abuses by security forces and to systemic discrimination in healthcare, housing, and employment. - [Reliable Health Data in the MENA Region: The Hard Pill to Swallow](https://timep.org/2021/12/02/reliable-health-data-in-the-mena-region-the-hard-pill-to-swallow/) - Unlike other countries across other regions, publicly available data from MENA countries about the age, sex, and geographical distribution of COVID-19 cases are lacking. - [Access to Healthcare](https://timep.org/2017/08/16/access-to-healthcare/) - AUGUST 16, 2017 Summary Since the start of conflict in 2011, 57% of Syria’s public hospitals have been damaged, and 37% are no longer functioning; the Syrian government and its allies have perpetrated 90% of these attacks. Women’s health care is sidelined by urgent trauma care, yet prolonged emergencies create issues with family planning, mental - [Healthcare is a Matter of Geography](https://timep.org/2017/08/16/healthcare-is-a-matter-of-geography/) - This report is part of TIMEP-News Deeply’s Syria’s Women: Policies & Perspectives partnership. It first appeared on News Deeply’s website here. For Many Syrian Women, Healthcare is a Matter of Geography Author: Florence Massena and Youmna al-Dimashqi For many Syrian women, destruction of the country’s medical system means access to health facilities can be determined by location. - [Location of Major Attack on Health Facilities](https://timep.org/2017/08/16/location-of-major-attack-on-health-facilities/) - This report is part of TIMEP-News Deeply’s Syria’s Women: Policies & Perspectives partnership. It first appeared on News Deeply’s website here. Mapping Attacks on Women and Children's Healthcare in Syria Author: Alessandria Masi, Tomás Pfeffer and Ella Pfeffer Bio: Tomás Pfeffer is a News Deeply intern. Ella Pfeffer is a News Deeply intern. Syria Deeply - [Policies of Erasure: How the MENA’s Region Intersex People Are Made Invisible](https://timep.org/2023/04/20/policies-of-erasure-how-the-menas-region-intersex-people-are-made-invisible/) - Even if a person is intersex, they are still expected to be assigned a binary gender identity that they must adhere to, in order to avoid being stigmatized. - [Global Legal and Rule of Law Community Stands in Solidarity with Lebanese Lawyer Nizar Saghieh](https://timep.org/2023/04/19/global-legal-and-rule-of-law-community-stands-in-solidarity-with-lebanese-lawyer-nizar-saghieh/) - We, the undersigned bar associations, lawyers, judges, and civil society organizations committed to the rule of law, join from across the globe to denounce the Beirut Bar Association’s recent actions, and to express our solidarity with Lebanese lawyer Nizar Saghieh as he comes under targeting for his exercise of free expression and for his legal - [The IMF in MENA: Flawed Approaches, New Challenges](https://timep.org/2023/04/14/the-imf-in-mena-flawed-approaches-new-challenges/) - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has a critical role to play across the Middle East and North Africa region, as several regional powers are negotiating or currently enacting new programs. As the IMF and World Bank hold their 2023 Spring Meetings, we asked TIMEP nonresident fellows, partners, and contributors what they believe are the biggest areas the IMF can improve on and how it should change its approach to the countries where it engages, in the MENA region and beyond. - [Issue 1: Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2023/04/10/issue-1-rule-of-law-developments-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is privileged to be partnering with Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Rule of Law Programme Middle East & North Africa to release an inaugural issue of a new newsletter titled, “Rule of Law Developments in the Middle East and North Africa,” which will feature in-depth analysis written by expert contributors on - [Efforts Towards Restoring Constitutional Order and Democratic Transition in Sudan](https://timep.org/2023/04/10/efforts-towards-restoring-constitutional-order-and-democratic-transition-in-sudan/) - Despite strong international support, Sudan's political process has received mixed domestic reactions, ranging from traditional pro-democracy actors strongly supporting it, to grassroots movements that oppose any direct negotiations with the military leaders. - [Political Arrests in Tunisia Mark Escalation in Kais Saied’s Power Consolidation](https://timep.org/2023/04/06/political-arrests-in-tunisia-mark-escalation-in-kais-saieds-power-consolidation/) - This spiral of arrests of political adversaries, lawyers, journalists, and critics marks a dramatic setback for the rule of law and human rights, especially the right to freedom of expression, in Tunisia. - [Global Coalition of Civil Society and Media Organizations Stand in Solidarity with Independent Media Outlets in Lebanon Amid Targeting](https://timep.org/2023/04/05/global-coalition-of-civil-society-and-media-organizations-stand-in-solidarity-with-independent-media-outlets-in-lebanon-amid-targeting/) - We the undersigned group of civil society and media organizations from around the world come together to stand in solidarity with two independent Lebanese media outlets as they come under state targeting for the critical reporting that they do. On March 30, 2023, Jean Kassir, founder of online independent media platform Megaphone, was stopped while - [Shareholders in Repression: Economic Predation in Egypt’s Prisons](https://timep.org/2023/04/04/shareholders-in-repression-economic-predation-in-egypts-prisons/) - The commoditization of repression in Egypt’s prisons is reportedly so pervasive that there are seldom aspects of life left untouched: prison authorities are entrepreneurial and adaptive in finding new ways to exploit their power for profit. - [Gender and Press Freedom in the Maghreb: Examining Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco](https://timep.org/2023/03/08/gender-press-freedom-in-the-maghreb-examining-tunisia-algeria-and-morocco/) - Across the Maghreb region of North Africa, in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia, governments have escalated restrictions on freedom of expression and created an increasingly hostile environment for media and the press in recent years. TIMEP is pleased to host a conversation on Tuesday, March 28 at 10:00 am EST on gender and press freedom in the Maghreb featuring Samia Errazzouki, Sherif Mansour, Jeje Mohamed, and Inès Osman. - [From Aleppo to Mariupol: Russian Aggressions, New Solidarity](https://timep.org/2022/05/05/from-aleppo-to-mariupol-russian-aggressions-new-solidarity/) - As the Russian-led war in Ukraine enters its third month, the war in Syria and Russia’s support of Bashar al-Assad’s regime through the brutal repression of Syrian civilians is increasingly referenced in relation to Russian aggression in Ukraine. In making sense of these references, this article will examine comparable strategic analyses and the shared struggle of both peoples. - [UGTT’s Salvation Initiative: Saving Tunisia or Saving Themselves?](https://timep.org/2023/03/22/ugtts-salvation-initiative-saving-tunisia-or-saving-themselves/) - A new initiative spearheaded by the Tunisian General Labor Union (UGTT) and several partner organizations seeks to resolve seemingly endless political deadlock in Tunisia. Although little of the initiative's details have been publicly revealed, it is important to unpack what the UGTT has signaled it may involve and what real potential it may have. - [The Time for Change is Now: Abolishing the Kafala System in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2023/03/22/the-time-for-change-is-now-abolishing-the-kafala-system-in-lebanon/) - Fighting the Kafala system would automatically mean combating cartels and institutions that have long used the Lebanese economy at the expense of citizens and non-citizens alike. - [Syria's Revolution: Twelve Years On](https://timep.org/2023/03/15/syrias-revolution-twelve-years-on/) - As we mark 12 years since the Syrian revolution and look at where Syria is today, we asked TIMEP nonresident fellows, alumni, and contributors what they believe are the key issues policymakers should be paying attention to when it comes to Syria. - [Anti-Blackness and Identity in Tunisia: Q&A with Houda Mzioudet](https://timep.org/2023/03/21/anti-blackness-and-identity-in-tunisia-qa-with-houda-mzioudet/) - As the world marks the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, TIMEP spoke to academic researcher Houda Mzioudet on the state of the anti-immigrant and anti-black sentiment in Tunisia in light of President Kais Saied’s fear-mongering statements about migrants last month. - [32 Civil Society Organizations Condemn the Referral of Mada Masr Journalists to Trial](https://timep.org/2023/03/16/32-civil-society-organizations-condemn-the-referral-of-mada-masr-journalists-to-trial/) - The undersigned civil society organizations condemn the Public Prosecution’s decision to refer Bissan Kassab, Rana Mamdouh, and Sarah Seif Eldin, three female journalists from independent Egyptian media outlet Mada Masr, to the Economic Court in Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate on charges of insulting members of parliament (MPs) of the pro-government Mostaqbal Watan Party and misusing social - [Sudan’s Post-Coup Crisis: From a Political Impasse to an Unpopular Political Process](https://timep.org/2023/03/14/sudans-post-coup-crisis-from-a-political-impasse-to-an-unpopular-political-process/) - The final political process in Sudan seems to be going forward, despite its challenges and limitations. Not resolving these issues might lead to an agreement that lacks support from the most influential pro-democracy groups. - [Guide: Corporate Accountability for Human Rights Violations in the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2022/12/13/guide-corporate-accountability-for-human-rights-violations-in-the-mena-region/) - As part of a commitment to expand the accountability toolbox available to advocates from and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is proud to announce the release of a new, practical guide on corporate accountability for human rights violations in the region. The guide, - [Urbanism in Egypt Under Threat Amid Impacts of Climate Change](https://timep.org/2023/03/13/urbanism-in-egypt-under-threat-amid-impacts-of-climate-change/) - Forecasts indicate that Egypt’s coastline (Port Said - Alexandria) and other areas in the Delta governorates may sink due to climate change. - [Neither Public nor Private: Egypt Without a Viable Engine for Growth](https://timep.org/2023/01/12/neither-public-nor-private-egypt-without-a-viable-engine-for-growth/) - The IMF’s newest loan program involves a number of provisions, some promising and some worrying. - [Politics, Society and Public Morals: How Does a “Debauchery” Charge Service All?](https://timep.org/2022/06/21/politics-society-and-public-morals-how-does-a-debauchery-charge-service-all/) - Egyptian authorities have been weaponizing legal articles to govern morality in society. Most notably, these are articles related to “debauchery” charges dating from 1961, as well as articles related to family values and the 2018 cybercrime law. From the criminalization of sex work, to the prosecution of the LGBTQ+ community, and the more recent TikTok girls, the Egyptian state has worked to undermine constitutional and international protections to prosecute people based on this skewed concept of morality. - [Supporting Sudan’s Democratic Transition Through Revenue Transparency](https://timep.org/2023/02/07/supporting-sudans-democratic-transition-through-revenue-transparency/) - While easy to overlook given the scale of Sudan’s challenges, tax transparency initiatives are one of the most meaningful opportunities for a civilian-led Sudanese state to demonstrate “quick wins” to a public that is desperate for change. - [Lebanese-Style Déjà Vu: The Case of Presidential Elections](https://timep.org/2022/12/22/lebanese-style-deja-vu-the-case-of-presidential-elections/) - As Lebanon continues to descend into perpetual collapse, the risk of a presidential vacuum comes at a hefty cost of increased vulnerability and delayed recovery. - [Including the Sudanese Street in Political Processes](https://timep.org/2021/12/20/including-the-sudanese-street-in-political-processes/) - Sudan’s protests today offer a chance to incorporate and entrench mass mobilization and consensus-building on the street into official/formal mediation and crisis mitigation, and potentially other political processes. - [A Plague O’ Both Your Houses: The False Dilemma of Sudan’s Elites](https://timep.org/2023/03/07/a-plague-o-both-your-houses-the-false-dilemma-of-sudans-elites/) - Even in Sudan’s historically militarized political system, civilian leaders and former rebels face a false dilemma of backing one coup general or the other, an impossible binary that has already had very dangerous consequences. - [Egypt Media Roundup – May 1, 2014](https://timep.org/2014/05/01/may1-14/) - TOP STORIES Gender & Sexuality A Egyptian court has handed down a sentence of one year in prison and LE10,000 fine to a Cairene man guilty of verbally sexual harassing a woman at the Dokki Metro Station. The woman reported the incident and a Cairo court found the defendant guilty “of attacking the modesty of - [The Political Origins of Syria’s Cholera Outbreak](https://timep.org/2023/03/03/the-political-origins-of-syrias-cholera-outbreak/) - While the cholera outbreak in Syria is driven by the consumption of untreated water, there is an even more profound disease plaguing the country: the weaponization and subversion of core public goods, including water and health. - [Global Magnitsky Sanctions Through a MENA Lens](https://timep.org/2022/07/14/global-magnitsky-sanctions-through-a-mena-lens/) - As governments around the world consider and adopt targeted sanctions programs that target human rights abusers and corrupt persons, Human Rights First and the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) are releasing a joint Q&A fact sheet that explains the Global Magnitsky sanctions program of the United States, its relevance and applicability to the - [Legal Guide: Effective Communication Between the Lawyer and Defendant in Egypt](https://timep.org/2020/07/29/legal-guide-effective-communication-between-the-lawyer-and-defendant-in-egypt/) - TIMEP releases “Effective Communication between the Lawyer and Defendant and the Right to a Fair Trial: A Guide for Lawyers in Egypt,” authored by human rights lawyer and legal researcher Adel Ramadan. - [Screening of Rags & Tatters](https://timep.org/2013/12/04/screening-of-rags-tatters/) - On December 4th, 2013 over 120 guests gathered at the Landmark E Street Theater in Washington, D.C. to mark the newest addition to the D.C. think tank community—The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy. The TIMEP team is proud to announce that the Institute’s first public event, the discussion and screening of the film Rags - [Premiere D.C. and New York City Screening of EXT. Night (Leil Khargi) with director Ahmad Abdalla and actors Ahmed Malek and Karim Kassem](https://timep.org/2019/06/07/premiere-d-c-and-new-york-city-screening-of-ext-night-leil-khargi-with-director-ahmad-abdalla/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy is pleased to host the premiere DC and NYC screenings of EXT. Night (Leil Khargi) followed by a discussion with director Ahmad Abdalla, and actors Ahmed Malek and Karim Kassem The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is pleased to host the premiere Washington and New York City screenings of - [Tracing the Revolution](https://timep.org/2014/01/24/tracing-the-revolution/) - On January 24, 2014, the eve of the anniversary of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution, over 90 people gathered at the Newseum in Washington, D.C. to commemorate the efforts of Egypt’s revolutionaries in generating real change in Egypt over the tumultuous three years since former-president Hosni Mubarak’s deposition. The TIMEP team introduced Washington policymakers, academics, and - [Capitol Hill Briefing on U.S. Policy Toward Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/04/25/capitol-hill-briefing-u-s-policy-toward-egypt/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) welcomed policymakers and civil society groups to its first briefing on Capitol Hill on April 10, 2014. The event featured a distinguished panel of experts well-known within the human rights and foreign policy fields who came together to discuss the issue of U.S. policy toward Egypt in - [Tahrir Institute Co-sponsors Women’s Foreign Policy Group Luncheon](https://timep.org/2014/06/02/tahrir-institue-co-sponsors-womens-foreign-policy-group-luncheon/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) was honored to support the Women’s Foreign Policy Group (WFPG) as a co-sponsor of its May 14 luncheon celebrating women leaders in foreign policy and honoring National Security Advisor Susan Rice. Ambassador Rice received the WFPG “Celebrating Women Leaders” award for being a role model and encouraging - [Economic Challenges and Opportunities for Egypt’s New Leadership | TIMEP panel discussion on June 13, 2014](https://timep.org/2014/06/16/economic-challenges-opportunities-egypts-new-leadership-timep-panel-discussion-june-13-2014/) - In order to examine Egypt’s current economic landscape, and particularly the challenges—and opportunities—new political leadership faces, The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) brought two leading experts in economic issues to Washington D.C. to offer presentations and inspire discussion. Mr. Angus Blair is the President and founder of the Signet Institute and brings us - [Screening of ElBent: Chronicles of Egyptian Women](https://timep.org/2014/06/19/screening-elbent-chronicles-egyptian-women/) - "El Bent: Chronicles of Egyptian Women" delivers an evening of readings of anonymous, first-hand testimonies from Egyptian women on their experiences with sexual harassment. These testimonies have been collected by the BuSSy Project and OPantish. Sondos Shabyek is one of the main driving forces behind the "BuSSy Project," a performing arts group that features Egyptian men and women - [Advanced Screening of FX’s Series TYRANT](https://timep.org/2014/06/20/advanced-screening-fxs-series-tyrant/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) was thrilled to bring together partners from across the fields of advocacy, policy, and mass media for a panel discussion and advanced screening of the upcoming FX series Tyrant. TIMEP sponsored this event in conjunction with FX, Fox21, Muslims on Screen and Television (MOST), and the Motion - [El Bent: Chronicles of Egyptian Women](https://timep.org/2014/07/08/el-bent-chronicles-egyptian-women/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) was pleased to host El Bent: Chronicles of Egyptian Women, an evening dedicated to bringing to light the issue of sexual violence against Egyptian women. The event was held on Thursday, June 19, 2014 at the DC Improv Comedy Club. The evening featured the screening of the - [Conversation with Amr Moussa – Private Luncheon/Discussion](https://timep.org/2014/08/21/conversation-with-amr-moussa/) - TIMEP partnered with the Middle East Institute to host Amr Moussa, a veteran Egyptian politician and diplomat who served as foreign minister and Arab League secretary-general. - [Egypt's Political Landscape: Local and Regional Perspectives](https://timep.org/2014/08/21/egypts-political-landscape-local-regional-perspectives/) - TIMEP hosted Timothy Kaldas, Nile University professor of politics, and Dr. Steven Cook, senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, to discuss Egypt’s political landscape. - [One-Day Solidarity Hunger Strike](https://timep.org/2014/09/15/one-day-solidarity-hunger-strike/) - [Tickling Giants: Free Speech and Satire in a Humorless World](https://timep.org/2015/04/19/tickling-giants-free-speech-and-satire-in-a-humorless-world/) - TIMEP was honored to host Dr. Bassem Youssef for a dinner and discussion moderated by Ahmed Shihab-Eldin in Washington. - [Understanding ISIS](https://timep.org/2015/10/20/understanding-isis/) - TIMEP and the Center for American Progress co-hosted an event that featured TIMEP Nonresident Fellow Hassan Hassan, author of ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror, and Brookings Fellow William McCants. - [Urban Inequality: The Case of Cairo](https://timep.org/2015/11/16/urban-inequality/) - TIMEP and TADAMUN: The Cairo Urban Solidarity Initiative cohosted an event where panelists discussed how the Egyptian government’s longstanding approach to urban policies favors new cities. - [The Quandary of the Egyptian Revolutionary Camp](https://timep.org/2015/12/11/the-quandary-of-the-egyptian-revolutionary-camp/) - TIMEP hosted an event featuring inaugural TIMEP-Atlas Corps Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellow Mohamed Adam in a discussion with founder and CEO of Atlas Corps Scott Beale. - [Five Years After the Syrian Uprising](https://timep.org/2016/02/23/five-years-after-the-syrian-uprising/) - TIMEP hosted a panel discussion titled “Five Years After the Syrian Uprising,” in observance of five years passing since the beginning of the Syrian uprising. - [A Conversation with Jack Shenker, Author of Egyptians: A Radical Story](https://timep.org/2016/03/21/egyptians-radical-story/) - TIMEP hosted a book talk at Busboys and Poets in Washington featuring Jack Shenker, author of The Egyptians: A Radical Story. TIMEP Executive Director Dr. Nancy Okail moderated the discussion. - [A Conversation with the Authors of Burning Country: Syrians in Revolution and War](https://timep.org/2016/03/21/burning-country/) - TIMEP hosted Robin Yassin-Kassab and Leila Al-Shami at its office in Washington for a conversation on their book Burning Country: Syrians in Revolution and War. - [Egypt’s Renewed Crackdown: The Struggle for Human Rights and Civil Society](https://timep.org/2016/06/30/egypts-renewed-crackdown-the-struggle-for-human-rights-and-civil-society-2/) - The Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights and TIMEP cohosted a panel discussion examining the Egyptian government’s repression of civil society and human rights. - [The Prospect of Syrian Peace](https://timep.org/2016/07/01/prospect-of-syrian-peace/) - On June 28, 2016, the Tahrir Institute on Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a panel discussion entitled “The Prospect of Syrian Peace,” covering the current security and political situation in Syria. The panelists included Sasha Ghosh-Siminoff, President and Cofounder of People Demand Change LLP; Hassan Hassan, a resident fellow at TIMEP focusing on Syria and - ['Tribalization: Why war is coming,' A Book Presentation by Koert Debeuf, TIMEP Europe Director](https://timep.org/2018/09/14/tribalization-why-war-is-coming-a-book-presentation-by-koert-debeuf-timep-europe-director/) - Please join us for a presentation by Mr. Koert Debeuf, Director of TIMEP Europe, on his new book, Tribalization: Why war is coming. In his book, Mr. Debeuf depicts war as an inevitable outcome of our world becoming more tribal, more authoritarian, and less predictable, coining the term tribalization to describe this global process. Leaving traditional - [Food Security, Economy, and Accountability in the Wake of the Beirut Blast](https://timep.org/2020/10/14/10-21-virtual-event-food-security-economy-and-accountability-in-the-wake-of-the-beirut-blast/) - On October 21, TIMEP hosted a virtual roundtable on the state of the country’s food security, discuss the root causes of Lebanon’s economic breaking point, and address how the current crisis can be alleviated, while still bringing about necessary structural reforms. - [Autocratic Governance and Market Reform in North Africa](https://timep.org/2020/11/03/11-10-virtual-event-autocratic-governance-market-reform-in-north-africa/) - On November 10, TIMEP hosted a virtual public, moderated roundtable on autocratic governance and control by exploring the political economies and development of North Africa, with a specific focus on Algeria and Egypt. - [Ten Years On: Organizing in Tunisia, Egypt, and Syria](https://timep.org/2021/01/19/1-28-virtual-event-ten-years-on-organizing-in-tunisia-egypt-and-syria/) - On January 28, TIMEP hosted "Ten Years On: Organizing in Tunisia, Egypt, and Syria," a a dynamic virtual event on mobilizing on the ground, online, and in exile. - [Youth Climate Advocacy in MENA: Organizing and Demands Ahead of COP 27](https://timep.org/2022/10/24/11-3-virtual-event-youth-climate-advocacy-in-mena-organizing-and-demands-ahead-of-cop-27/) - Young people around the world are on the front lines of those demanding bold climate action to safeguard their future, particularly as the impacts of climate change intensify year by year. Nowhere is this dynamic felt more acutely than in the MENA region, which is already severely impacted by the effects of climate change, and - [Sudan's Military Coup: One Year On](https://timep.org/2022/10/12/10-18-event-sudans-military-coup-one-year-on/) - Nearly one year after General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan seized full control of Sudan’s power-sharing government in a military coup, international initiatives to set Sudan back on track toward a democratic transition have little to show for their efforts. Multilateral processes that aim to build a consensus around a political process have failed to meaningfully engage - [Mobilizing for Justice: The Pursuit of Accountability in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2022/09/20/9-27-event-mobilizing-for-justice-the-pursuit-of-accountability-in-lebanon/) - On September 27, 2022, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted “Mobilizing for Justice: The Pursuit of Accountability in Lebanon,” an in-person reception and moderated discussion in Washington, DC that convened together three remarkable women who are working to bring about accountability for decades of systematic corruption and abuses in Lebanon using diverse - [Film Screening and Discussion: The Story Won't Die](https://timep.org/2022/09/28/9-29-film-screening-the-story-wont-die/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the Atlantic Council Syria Project were pleased to host a film screening and post-show discussion of The Story Won’t Die on Thursday, September 29, 2022 at Landmark Theater’s E Street Cinema in Washington, DC. The Story Won’t Die, from Award-winning filmmaker David Henry Gerson, is an - [Ten Years On: Contesting Cyberspace in MENA](https://timep.org/2021/02/25/2-25-virtual-event-ten-years-on-contesting-cyberspace-in-mena/) - TIMEP hosted “Ten Years On: Contesting Cyberspace in MENA,” a timely virtual discussion on social media, surveillance, cyberwarfare, and censorship. - [Ten Years On: Organizing in Diaspora and Exile](https://timep.org/2021/03/19/4-1-virtual-event-ten-years-on-organizing-in-diaspora-and-exile/) - On April 1, 2021, join TIMEP for a timely virtual discussion on organizing in diaspora and exile as part of the Ten Years On project. - [Ten Years On: The Future of Organizing in MENA](https://timep.org/2021/04/14/4-22-virtual-event-ten-years-on-the-future-of-organizing-in-mena/) - On April 22, 2021, TIMEP hosted a timely virtual discussion on the future of organizing in the MENA region as part of the Ten Years On project. - [MENA Representation in Western Storytelling](https://timep.org/2021/04/28/5-4-virtual-event-mena-representation-in-western-storytelling/) - On May 4, 2021, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) for a virtual discussion on MENA Representation in Western Storytelling. - [Syria: Setting the Agenda](https://timep.org/2021/05/11/5-18-virtual-event-syria-setting-the-agenda/) - On May 18, 2021, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) for a virtual discussion where panelists will highlight, unpack, and propose a dynamic Syria agenda. - [MENA Representation in Western Storytelling: Part II](https://timep.org/2021/06/22/mena-representation-in-western-storytelling-part-two/) - On June 29, 2021, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) for the second installment of a three-part series on representation of Middle Eastern artists in film and media. - [COVID-19 Vaccine Access in MENA](https://timep.org/2021/07/13/covid-19-vaccine-access-in-mena/) - On July 22, 2021, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) for a virtual conversation analyzing responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccine access across the MENA region. - [Lebanon's Social Protection System](https://timep.org/2021/08/13/8-26-virtual-event-lebanons-social-protection-system/) - On August 26, 2021, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a virtual conversation explaining the fragmented social protection system in Lebanon. - [Access to Information in MENA: Holding Officials to Account](https://timep.org/2021/09/16/9-28-virtual-event-access-to-info-mena/) - On Tuesday, September 28, 2021, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a virtual conversation exploring the right of access to information across various contexts in MENA. - [Mobilizing Toward Accountability in MENA: Strategies for a Just Future](https://timep.org/2021/11/02/10-14-mobilizing-accountability/) - On Thursday, October 14, 2021, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a virtual conversation exploring the right of access to information across various contexts in MENA. - [Tunisia at a Crossroads](https://timep.org/2021/11/09/11-16-tunisia-crossroads/) - On Tuesday, November 16, 2021, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a virtual panel discussion on Tunisia's democratic trajectory, ongoing economic crisis, and efforts from civil society, journalists, and everyday citizens to secure meaningful reforms. - [Violence Against Women in Egypt: Between Policy and Practice](https://timep.org/2021/12/02/12-9-violence-against-women-in-egypt/) - On Thursday, December 9, 2021, TIMEP hosted a virtual conversation examining how advocates for women’s safety and empowerment can build upon new and existing legislation in Egypt and improve upon measures that fail to sufficiently protect women, closing the gap between legislation and implementation. - [MENA Representation in Western Storytelling: Part III](https://timep.org/2022/02/01/2-8-mena-representation-part-3/) - Join us on Tuesday, February 8th, 2022, at 10:00am EST for a conversation on MENA representation in Western media and art with Khalid Abdalla (Egyptian-British actor and activist), Raphaelle Macaron (Lebanese illustrator and comic artist), Rania Lee Khalil (Egyptian-American visual artist and performer), Rana Roy (actress, producer, and director), and Joumana Altallal (Iraqi-Lebanese writer, researcher, and artist) and moderated by TIMEP Executive Director Ramy Yaacoub. - [The Sudan Military Coup: Resistance in the Face of State Brutality](https://timep.org/2022/03/02/sudan-military-coup/) - On Wednesday, March 9th at 11:00am EST, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) hosted a panel discussion moderated by Isma’il Kushkush bringing together analysts, advocates, and members of Sudan’s tenacious resistance movement, including Muzan Alneel (TIMEP), Sara Abdelgalil (NHS, Governance Programming Overseas), Dr. Bakry Elmedni (Long Island University), and Nisrin Elamin (Bryn Mawr College). - [Eleven Years On: The Path to Accountability in Syria](https://timep.org/2022/03/08/eleven-years-on-the-path-to-accountability-in-syria/) - On Thursday, March 17th at 11:00am EST, join the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) for a panel discussion with Mouaz Moustafa (Syrian Emergency Task Force), Leila Sibai (Huquqyat), Kholoud Helmi (Enab Baladi), and Fritz Streiff (Branch 251), moderated by TIMEP’s Mai El-Sadany. Panelists will discuss prospects for the path toward accountability in Syria, sharing their reflections on how the Assad regime and other perpetrators can be held responsible for their crimes and the considering the role of the international community in supporting Syrians’ calls for justice. - [Governance and Growth: The Role of IFIs in the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2022/04/07/governance-and-growth-the-role-of-ifis-in-the-mena-region/) - On Thursday, April 14th at 11:00am EST, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is proud to host an expert panel featuring TIMEP Policy Fellow Timothy Kaldas, Sarah Saadoun (HRW), Nabil Abdo (Oxfam), and Hamza Meddeb (Carnegie), and moderated by Reuters Levant Bureau Chief Maya Gebeily. Panelists will consider: how do governance problems affect inclusive growth, private sector growth, GDP growth, and economic sustainability? What political conditions are necessary for inclusive and comprehensive economic reform? - [Discussion and Book Talk with Egyptian Activist Sanaa Seif](https://timep.org/2022/04/15/discussion-and-book-talk-with-egyptian-activist-sanaa-seif/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), the Project on Middle East Democracy (POMED), and The Freedom Initiative (FI) were honored to have hosted an in-person panel discussion featuring Sanaa Seif on Friday, April 22nd. Sanaa presented insights from the book You Have Not Yet Been Defeated, written by her brother Alaa Abdel Fattah. - [Cracks in Lebanon’s Culture of Impunity? Prospects for Accountability in the Midst of Crisis](https://timep.org/2022/05/05/cracks-in-lebanons-culture-of-impunity-prospects-for-accountability-in-the-midst-of-crisis/) - Over a year and a half since the unthinkable catastrophe of the Beirut Port explosion, those responsible continue to evade justice. As Lebanese officials who have been charged with criminal negligence remain uncooperative and even hostile to the investigation, accountability seems far out of reach. Several figures suspected of complicity in the explosion are even - [Joint Report Launch: Abuse of Travel Bans in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/07/21/abuse-travel-bans-egypt/) - In recent years, Egyptian authorities have weaponized travel bans and travel-related restrictions in a politically-motivated manner to silence and control critical voices, from academia to civil society. Often thought of as an administrative measure, these bans have had “life-shattering” impacts on the lives of Egyptian citizens; they have restricted their ability to pursue academic and - [Egyptians in Exile: Activism and Organizing Abroad Since 2013](https://timep.org/2022/08/02/8-11-event-egyptians-in-exile-activism-and-organizing-abroad-since-2013/) - Since the January 25 Revolution nearly eleven years ago, but particularly so since June 2013, Egyptians in exile have played an increasingly central role in mobilization efforts around human rights, free expression, and justice in Egypt. In his original piece A Homeland Lives Within Us, But We Cannot Live in It: Egyptian Organizing and Activism - [Disaster and Dystopia: The Earthquake in Southern Turkey and Northern Syria](https://timep.org/2023/02/27/disaster-and-dystopia-the-earthquake-in-southern-turkey-and-northern-syria/) - The devastating earthquake will be a tipping point in modern history, where a large number of Syrians and Turks—myself included—will remember it as one in which many of their loved ones lost their lives. - [A Call to Action Following the 2023 Turkey-Syria Earthquake](https://timep.org/2023/02/21/a-call-to-action-following-the-2023-turkey-syria-earthquake/) - We the undersigned—a group of current and former TIMEP fellows—come together to mourn the lives lost in the Turkey-Syria earthquake and to call for forward-thinking and responsive international leadership in the days, weeks, and months to come. - [COP27 Provided Reflection of Reality and Existing Gaps in Libya and Tunisia Climate Action ](https://timep.org/2023/02/22/cop27-provided-reflection-of-reality-and-existing-gaps-in-libya-and-tunisia-climate-action/) - It is important to revisit the experiences of Libya and Tunisia at COP27 to better understand performance, setbacks, and possible opportunities to consider for upcoming COPs. - [Abuse of Travel Bans in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/07/12/abuse-of-travel-bans-in-egypt/) - This joint report produced by the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and the Freedom Initiative (Fi) documents and investigates Egyptian authorities' use of politically motivated travel bans and travel-related restrictions. - [2023 in MENA: Looking Ahead](https://timep.org/2023/01/12/2023-in-mena-looking-ahead/) - After an eventful year, TIMEP is gearing up for 2023, and ready to take on the MENA region's most important issues and challenges. To this effect, we asked our team what they believe the policy world should focus on in 2023 based on their field of work. - [The Stumbling Mediation Initiatives in the Post-Coup Sudan](https://timep.org/2022/08/30/the-stumbling-mediation-initiatives-in-the-post-coup-sudan/) - Following the military coup that was staged in Sudan on October 25, 2021, multiple international and regional mediation initiatives have been working on ending the country’s political deadlock, with little success. This piece will look into how these mediation initiatives are structured, what they have achieved so far, in addition to investigating the challenges they encountered and how they could possibly enhance their interventions in the future. - [Erasing Palestine: Meta Must Act to Redress its Censorship of Palestinian Voices](https://timep.org/2022/11/16/erasing-palestine-meta-must-act-to-redress-its-censorship-of-palestinian-voices/) - Facebook’s and Instagram’s policies violated the fundamental human rights of Palestinians, according to a due diligence report commissioned by the platforms’ parent company, Meta, and published in September 2022. The long-awaited report, which came after much delay and anticipation from civil society, was conducted by the independent consulting company Business for Social Responsibility (BSR). It assessed the human rights impact of Meta’s policies and activities on Arabic and Hebrew content in May 2021 amid mass Palestinian uprising following the forced eviction of Palestinian families in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood in Jerusalem and the brutal Israeli war on the Gaza Strip. - [With or Without an IMF Deal, Tunisia Faces a Rough Road to Recovery](https://timep.org/2022/10/20/with-or-without-an-imf-deal-tunisia-faces-a-rough-road-to-recovery/) - Even with an IMF deal, as well as other possible future loans, Tunisia's economic recovery will require deep and—most importantly—inclusive reforms that would boost the economy without sacrificing vulnerable households. Rising discontent among Tunisians is also bound to complicate an already complex political and socio-economic crisis regardless of the state’s attempts to solve the crisis now. - [Gabès, a Victim of Industrial Pollution in Tunisia ](https://timep.org/2022/10/27/gabes-a-victim-of-industrial-pollution-in-tunisia/) - On June 5, 2022, the world celebrated the 50th anniversary of the first United Nations Environment Conference, which led to the creation of the United Nations Environment Program and to the designation of June 5 as World Environment Day. At the same time, in the south of Tunisia, the region of Gabès, celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Tunisian Chemical Group, a public company operating phosphate mines since the 1970s, and has polluted its water and oasis ever since. - [Climate Change and Political Instability: Will Sudan Ever Find a Way Out?](https://timep.org/2022/09/07/climate-change-and-political-instability-will-sudan-ever-find-a-way-out/) - Sudan has a lot of work to do before the conference in order to define its priorities and potential gains from COP 27. But with the continued political tension and the fact that climate change is not a priority for the military-led government, it is highly unlikely that Sudan will be able to unlock the full potential of COP 27. - [Building Democratic Institutions in Sudan Amid Authoritarian Rule](https://timep.org/2022/10/17/building-democratic-institutions-in-sudan-amid-authoritarian-rule/) - With the anniversary of the military coup in Sudan approaching, there has been a growing trend in building democratic institutions with stronger legitimacy among trade unions and resistance committees. These groups, which draw membership on the basis of residence or profession, have revamped their efforts to get institutionalized through democratic processes. Regardless of how Sudan’s political situation unfolds, the current wave of building democratic institutions across various sectors is a remarkable beacon of hope. - [Lebanon’s $3 Billion IMF Deal and the Art of Illusory Reform](https://timep.org/2022/10/12/lebanons-3-billion-imf-deal-and-the-art-of-illusory-reform/) - The current IMF deal has inflated the illusion of conducting reform in Lebanon. It has offered the political and banking elites more time and wider opportunity to maneuver around proposed reforms to protect one another. But the larger society cannot afford lost time anymore. - [The Walls Close in on Syrian Refugees in Lebanon as Repatriation Plans Begin](https://timep.org/2022/10/27/the-walls-close-in-on-syrian-refugees-in-lebanon-as-repatriation-plans-begin/) - The official repatriation of Syrian refugees from Lebanon started on October 26, with the Lebanese General Security announcing that 750 refugees were expected to return to Syria on that day. This operation took place two weeks after Lebanese President Michel Aoun announced that the country would soon start sending Syrian refugees back home, after months of various plans put forward by several members of the Lebanese authorities. However, the details of how “voluntary” those repatriations will be are still not clear. - [Egypt’s Infinite Economic Crisis](https://timep.org/2022/12/13/egypts-infinite-economic-crisis/) - Egypt’s external debt is expected to bypass $200 billion by early next year, an almost 400 percent increase since 2016. Most Egyptians believe that this money was either wasted on Sisi’s mega projects or into his pockets or that of his military cronies. Ironically, this belief is a comforting notion when compared to the likelier scenario, that most of that money got wasted due to the central bank’s insistence on continuing to peg the price of the Egyptian pound, and repaying those external foreign lenders back in dollars. - [Beyond the Maritime Borders Agreement: What’s Next for Lebanon?](https://timep.org/2023/01/26/beyond-the-maritime-borders-agreement-whats-next-for-lebanon/) - The long-awaited maritime border deal between Lebanon and Israel constitutes a step forward in the right direction, despite the ability of Lebanon to have claimed a better deal over the past years. - [TIMEP and CPJ: Joint UPR Submission on Press Freedom in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2020/07/21/timep-and-cpj-joint-upr-submission-on-press-freedom-in-lebanon/) - TIMEP and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) have submitted a joint stakeholder report ahead of the third cycle of Lebanon’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR), set to take place in January and February 2021. - [Targeting the last line of defense: Egypt's attacks against lawyers](https://timep.org/2020/09/23/targeting-the-last-line-of-defense-egypts-attacks-against-lawyers/) - The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) and TIMEP present a joint briefing paper which documents a course of conduct by state institutions in Egypt that aims to weaken and curtail the legal profession, and thereby dismantle the last line of defense against the government’s sustained crackdown on human rights and fundamental freedoms. - [TIMEP and CPJ: Joint UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet on Press Freedom in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2020/11/23/timep-and-cpj-joint-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet-on-press-freedom-in-lebanon/) - In an effort to comprehensively address the deterioration of press freedom in Lebanon, this fact sheet proposes recommendations relevant to both the country’s legal framework and its violative practices. - [TIMEP's Ten Year Anniversary Gala](https://timep.org/2023/01/31/timeps-ten-year-anniversary-gala/) - Thursday, February 16, 2023 at 6:30pm | The Showroom, 1099 14th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA Join us for an evening filled with powerful reflections from advocates, captivating musical performances, delicious food and drink, and a space for attendees to come together in solidarity and exchange. We’ll be reflecting on and celebrating TIMEP’s impact - [MEI-TIMEP: Assessing MENA’s 2022 Climate Implications and Exploring Policy Opportunities for 2023](https://timep.org/2023/01/24/mei-timep-assessing-menas-2022-climate-implications-and-exploring-policy-opportunities-for-2023/) - The MENA region experienced another year of escalating climate extremes in 2022. Suffocating dust storms ravaged the Arabian Peninsula, stifling and deadly heatwaves persisted over the summer, and intense precipitation events caused calamitous flooding in various locations across the region. The end of 2022 finally saw some promise: at the COP27 conference in Sharm El - [Intensified Crackdown on Civil Society in Libya Further Embeds Impunity](https://timep.org/2022/11/22/intensified-crackdown-on-civil-society-in-libya-further-embeds-impunity/) - For the past several months, tensions have been running high in Libya, once again at a political deadlock since the last planned elections scheduled for December 2021 were postponed, and the parliament in the east named in February Fathi Bashagha as the new premier while the internationally recognized Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeiba refused to step down insisting he would hand over power only to an elected government. With threatening rhetoric, signs of mobilization of forces, and divided loyalties among the armed groups in western Libya amid the power struggle between Dbeibah and Bashagha, reports of increasingly systematic attacks on civil society and freedom of expression have emerged. - [Phase I: Candidacy and Registration](https://timep.org/2018/02/01/phase-i-candidacy-and-registration/) - These repressive measures notwithstanding, the period also included genuine resistance, both to President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi and to the compulsory nature of his reelection. - [Raising the Stakes: Implications of a Second Sisi Term](https://timep.org/2018/03/21/raising-the-stakes-implications-of-a-second-sisi-term/) - Egypt’s 2018 presidential election period offers little illusion of any outcome than the president’s reelection. Yet Sisi’s second term will have important implications in several policy areas. - [Phase II: Campaign Period](https://timep.org/2018/04/20/phase-ii-campaign-period/) - Rather than present a vision for Egypt’s next four years, Sisi eschewed any real policy platform in favor of mobilizing sentiments of both fear and patriotism to ensure that citizens participate in the vote. - [Phase III: Voting and Reactions](https://timep.org/2018/05/15/phase-iii-voting-and-reactions/) - The final brief in the Pulling Back the Curtain series highlights developments and dynamics during and after the voting period, focusing on domestic and international reactions to President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi’s reelection. - [The IMF: No Silver Bullet for Lebanon](https://timep.org/2022/05/18/the-imf-no-silver-bullet-for-lebanon/) - Facing political, social, and economic collapse and the unexpected results of last weekend's parliamentary elections, Lebanon has arrived at a crossroads, and its inhabitants are locked in a debtor’s prison. Current discourse frames the IMF process as the country's only and last option to try to recover from this collapse. However, Lebanon’s only choice is to no longer limit itself to this path. - [Invisible and Unjust Impacts of Water Informality in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2022/12/15/invisible-and-unjust-impacts-of-water-informality-in-lebanon/) - Lebanon suffers from water intermittence from its main piped infrastructure. As a result, houses rely on informal water sources to satisfy their daily water needs. - [No Justice for Beirut Blast Victims Without an Independent Judiciary](https://timep.org/2020/10/08/no-justice-for-beirut-blast-victims-without-an-independent-judiciary/) - Almost two months following the devastating Beirut Port blast, citizens of Lebanon and residents of the capital have yet to be officially informed of most developments or findings surrounding the government’s ongoing investigation. - [Accountability for the Beirut Port Explosion: One Year Later](https://timep.org/2021/08/03/accountability-for-the-beirut-port-explosion-one-year-later/) - On August 4, 2020, tonnes of ammonium nitrate that had been neglected at the Beirut Port exploded, killing at least 207 victims, injuring another 7,500, and leaving 300,000 homeless. One year later, accountability in any form remains far from being realized. - [Why the Beirut Port Deal with CMA CGM Is Business as Usual](https://timep.org/2022/07/26/why-the-beirut-port-deal-with-cma-cgm-is-business-as-usual/) - In February 2022, the French-Lebanese company CMA CGM was awarded a 10-year contract to manage, operate, and maintain Beirut port’s container terminal in a deal the shipping giant says will see $33 million invested into the port. While the company’s profile may make it the natural choice to operate the container terminal in the Beirut port, the bidding process’ lack of transparency raises concerns that the Lebanese government and political establishment have failed to learn any lessons from the conditions that led to the August 2020 disaster. - [Lebanon's Solar Revolution: Q&A with Ryme Assaad](https://timep.org/2022/08/18/lebanons-solar-revolution-qa-with-ryme-assaad/) - In this Q&A on Lebanon’s climate change and environmental challenges, in addition to the existing financial and political ones, TIMEP interviews Ryme Assaad, a social entrepreneur and activist, president at Sustain the World, an NGO that focuses on finding sustainable solutions. - [Delivering Change: Responding to Lebanon’s Fuel Crisis with Innovation ](https://timep.org/2022/09/21/delivering-change-responding-to-lebanons-fuel-crisis-with-innovation/) - The extreme financial stresses experienced by Lebanese households has prompted a big shift in the way people move. Tripoli, Lebanon's second largest city, has seen an increase in the use of alternative and cheaper modes of transport, with an increase in the use of buses and bicycles. Given the severity of the situation, these changes can be expected to continue for a foreseeable future. - [Lebanon’s Refugee and Asylum Legal Framework](https://timep.org/2022/12/08/lebanons-refugee-and-asylum-legal-framework/) - Given the complex and opaque legal framework for refugees and asylum seekers in Lebanon, and the fact that Syria is still considered unsafe by human rights organizations, the situation of returnees must be closely monitored to protect them against forced or coerced returns. - [A Maghreb United in Discord](https://timep.org/2022/12/20/a-maghreb-united-in-discord/) - Amid the recurring pattern of authoritarian regression and rising costs of living, the Maghreb’s leaders might soon find that from Casablanca to Oran to Sfax—and all the places in between—the region’s people are too united in their rejection of the status quo. - [Tunisia’s IMF Deal: The Country's Subsidies Under Threat](https://timep.org/2022/12/21/tunisias-imf-deal-the-countrys-subsidies-under-threat/) - Tunis seems to become the city of queues. Whether at gas stations, at supermarkets, or at bakeries, long lines of increasingly frustrated citizens are a clear sign of the socioeconomic crisis enveloping Tunisia. - [The Selective Return of Syrian Refugees](https://timep.org/2023/01/23/the-selective-return-of-syrian-refugees/) - It seems as though the Assad regime prefers the return of populations going back to rural areas more than those returning to cities. - [Egypt’s New Privatization Wave: Free Economy and Oppressed Society](https://timep.org/2022/12/23/egypts-new-privatization-wave-free-economy-and-oppressed-society/) - The most critical issue with this new wave of privatization in Egypt is the context in which the program is implemented this time, when transparency is absent and the right of oversight is restricted. - [Week in Brief – January 28, 2018 - February 3, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/02/06/week-in-brief-january-28-2018-february-3-2018/) - Summary The National Election Authority announced the final count of representative endorsements for presidential candidates. Only President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi and Moussa Mustafa Moussa, chairman of the Ghad Party (which holds no seats in the current parliament), received endorsements. Despite discrepancies between the tallies and campaign announcements, no list of representatives’ votes was published. Amid - [Week in Brief – January 21, 2018 - January 27, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/01/30/week-in-brief-january-21-2018-january-27-2018/) - Summary Multiple parties and party leaders discussed presenting last-minute candidates for the presidential election, though only Moussa Mustafa Moussa, chairman of the Ghad Party (which has no seats in parliament), presented his paperwork to campaign, after 27 representatives reportedly endorsed him. Multiple political parties spoke out in support of the military’s decision to arrest former presidential - [Week in Brief – November 19-25, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/11/27/week-in-brief-november-19-25-2017/) - Summary Download PDF The House of Representatives is in recess until December 3. The body, however, is set to reconvene next week for a special session to vote on three draft laws related to the proposed Dabaa nuclear power plant and to discuss the horrific attack on the Rawda mosque in North Sinai. Despite continuing - [Week in Brief – December 3-9, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/12/11/week-in-brief-december-3-9-2017/) - Summary Download PDF The House of Representatives met for three days this week and returned to recess until December 17. Only committees and the cabinet will discuss or vote on legislation until the full legislature reconvenes. After six weeks of recess and failing to reach quorum, the House of Representatives finally passed the six laws - [Week in Brief – November 26- December 2, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/12/04/week-in-brief-november-26-december-2-2017/) - Summary Download PDF The House of Representatives passed three laws governing the proposed Dabaa nuclear power plant in an emergency session this week. However, the legislature is still in recess until December 3. Therefore, only committees and the ministerial cabinet discussed further legislation. The emergency session was held just days after the deadliest terror attack - [Week in Brief – December 10-16, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/12/18/week-in-brief-december-10-16-2017/) - Summary This is the last scheduled weekly brief for 2017. Briefs will resume in 2018. The House of Representatives is in recess until December 17. Only committees and the cabinet will discuss or vote on legislation until the full legislature reconvenes. An abnormally large number of parliamentary delegations were traveling domestically and internationally this week. - [Week in Brief – December 17-30, 2017](https://timep.org/2018/01/03/week-in-brief-december-17-30-2017/) - Summary The House of Representatives is in recess until January 8. Only committees and the cabinet will discuss or vote on legislation until the full legislature reconvenes. The two weeks surrounding Western Christmas and the new year were replete with votes on notable legislation, such as the Comprehensive Health Insurance Law and the Persons with - [Week in Brief – December 31, 2017-January 6, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/01/08/week-in-brief-december-31-2017-january-6-2018/) - Summary The House of Representatives is in recess until January 8. Only committees and the cabinet will discuss or vote on legislation until the full legislature reconvenes. The presidential decree to extend the national state of emergency for an additional three months received relatively little comment from representatives, despite its constitutionally tenuous position. Notable Developments - [Week in Brief – January 7, 2018 - January 13, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/01/16/week-in-brief-january-7-2018-january-13-2018/) - Summary The vast majority of representatives reacted to the announcement of the presidential election timetable by officially endorsing President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi for reelection, though he has not publicly stated he would seek it. One way to fulfill the constitutional mandates for presidential candidacy is to receive the endorsement of 20 representatives. Sisi currently has - [Week in Brief – January 14, 2018 - January 20, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/01/22/week-in-brief-january-14-2018-january-20-2018/) - Summary The House of Representatives returned to recess, which will last until January 28. No legislation can be officially passed until the body reconvenes. Representatives held an emergency session to approve President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi’s decreed cabinet reshuffle. The names of the ministers involved or their replacements were not made public ahead of the vote, - [Week in Brief – November 12-18, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/11/20/week-in-brief-november-12-18-2017/) - Summary Download PDF The House of Representatives is in recess until November 19; therefore, only the Cabinet and committees will consider legislation until then. The actions of representatives this week were mainly reactionary. Issues like old statements about the Nile River, the recommendations from the World Youth Forum, and the ongoing conflict over the Grand - [Week in Brief - October 15-21, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/10/23/week-in-brief-october-15-21-2017/) - Summary Download PDF Parliament did not discuss or vote on the state of emergency decreed on October 12. The legality of the delayed consideration of the decree is highly questionable, as states of emergency are required to be “presented” to the House of Representatives within seven days of issuance. Representatives continue to back the To - [Week in Brief - October 22-28, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/10/31/week-in-brief-october-22-28-2017/) - Summary Download PDF The House of Representatives passed the new national state of emergency decreed by President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi in the wake of the deadly October 20 attack in the Western Desert. Egypt has been under the state of emergency since April 2017; though the Egyptian Constitution limits its term, the declaration of a - [Week in Brief - October 29-November 4, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/11/06/week-in-brief-october-29-november-4-2017/) - Summary Download PDF A House of Representatives delegation to the United States met with a number of members of Congress, including Speaker of the House Paul Ryan, other policymakers, and Egyptians in New York and Washington. The delegation discussed issues of terrorism, investment, and human rights, in a series of closed meetings over the course - [Week in Brief -November 5-11, 2017](https://timep.org/2017/11/13/week-in-brief-november-5-11-2017/) - Summary Download PDF The House of Representatives is in recess until November 19; therefore, only the Cabinet and committees will consider legislation until then. The actions of representatives this week were mainly reactionary. Issues like old statements about the Nile River, the recommendations from the World Youth Forum, and the ongoing conflict over the Grand - [Week in Brief – April 8, 2018 - April 14, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/04/17/week-in-brief-april-8-2018-april-14-2018/) - The Communications Committee completed its discussions of all articles of the Cybercrime Law, and subsequently approved all but two articles of the bill. - [Week in Brief – February 4, 2018 - February 10, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/02/13/week-in-brief-february-4-2018-february-10-2018-2/) - Summary Download PDF Representatives continued to campaign for President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi ahead of the upcoming election. They encouraged citizens to engage in the election and vote, while denouncing the Civil Democratic Movement’s boycott campaign. The European Parliament released a statement decrying human rights abuses in Egypt, prompting a swift condemnation from members of the - [Week in Brief – February 11, 2018 - February 17, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/02/21/week-in-brief-february-11-2018-february-17-2018/) - Summary The House of Representatives will hold its next general session meeting on March 4, but it will not meet for any additional sessions for the duration of March to allow representatives to encourage their constituents to participate in the upcoming election. Parties and candidates are also organizing events and campaigns in support of President - [Week in Brief – February 18, 2018 - February 24, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/02/26/week-in-brief-february-18-2018-february-24-2018/) - Summary Wafd Party Chairman al-Sayyid al-Badawi received considerable backlash from colleagues in his party following his decision to hold internal elections four days prior to the presidential election. Representatives held mixed reactions to the natural gas agreement between private companies in Israel and Egypt, citing national security and energy development concerns. Several representatives responded harshly - [Week in Brief – February 25, 2018 - March 3, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/03/06/week-in-brief-february-25-2018-march-3-2018/) - Summary The BBC published a report critical of human rights abuses in Egypt, prompting several representatives to decry the media outlet along with other Western organizations for their role in distorting the country's national image. Constitutional Affairs Committee Chairman Bahaa Abu Shoqa announced his intention to campaign for president of the Wafd Party. Representatives expressed - [Week in Brief – March 4, 2018 - March 10, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/03/12/week-in-brief-march-4-2018-march-10-2018/) - Summary The House of Representatives will not reconvene in general session until April 2 to allow representatives time to campaign on behalf of their candidates ahead of the upcoming presidential election. Most representatives support President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi; though the Ghad Party is supporting the bid of its leader, Moussa Mustafa Moussa, the party holds - [Week in Brief – March 11, 2018 - March 17, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/03/19/week-in-brief-march-11-2018-march-17-2018/) - Summary Ahead of the voting held for Egyptians living abroad from March 16–18, representatives and political parties intensified their efforts to reelect President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi. Human Rights Committee Chairman Alaa Abed released a list of seven nongovernmental organizations that he claimed defame the Egyptian state in exchange for financial contributions from international governments, which - [Week in Brief – March 18, 2018 - March 24, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/03/26/week-in-brief-march-18-2018-march-24-2018/) - Summary Representatives continued their final efforts to campaign on behalf of President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi. Many parliamentarians intensified their efforts following Sisi’s “People and President” speech, which was lauded throughout the House of Representatives. The judicial suspension of Careem and Uber’s operating status sparked confusion and future debates within the House. A draft law to - [Week in Brief – March 25, 2018 - March 31, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/04/03/week-in-brief-march-25-2018-march-31-2018/) - Summary Members of the House of Representatives participated in last-ditch campaign efforts for the presidential election. A week of ongoing debate led to the passage in committee of a draft law regulating the legal statuses of passenger transportation companies, which would resolve challenges to the legality of operations for Uber and Careem. Notable Developments Presidential - [Week in Brief – April 1, 2018 - April 7, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/04/10/week-in-brief-april-1-2018-april-7-2018/) - Summary Political parties ramped up their discussions regarding a massive overhaul of the party system that would consolidate all parties into only a few. Comments from the local administration minister that dismissed concerns over his having ignored requests to address parliament sparked outrage in the House of Representatives, with some members calling for his immediate - [Week in Brief – April 15, 2018 - April 21, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/04/23/week-in-brief-april-15-2018-april-21-2018/) - Egypt’s finance minister presented the official state budget to the House of Representatives and representatives intensified discussions regarding political party consolidation. - [Week in Brief – June 17, 2018 – June 23, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/06/25/week-in-brief-june-10-2018-june-16-2018-2/) - President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi appointed his new cabinet following the collective resignation of its members last week, prompting a range of reactions by members of the House of Representatives. - [Week in Brief – June 10, 2018 – June 16, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/06/18/week-in-brief-june-10-2018-june-16-2018/) - President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi appointed his new cabinet following the collective resignation of its members last week, prompting a range of reactions by members of the House of Representatives. - [Week in Brief – June 2, 2018 – June 9, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/06/12/week-in-brief-june-2-2018-june-9-2018/) - The House of Representatives approved the Cybercrime Law in its entirety after agreeing to it in principle on May 14. - [Week in Brief - May 20, 2018 - May 26, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/06/18/week-in-brief-may-20-2018-may-26-2018/) - Fifty-one members of the Free Egyptians Party withdrew from the organization and joined the Nation’s Future Party, making it the largest party in the House of Representatives. - [Week in Brief – May 27, 2018 - June 2, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/06/04/week-in-brief-may-27-2018-june-2-2018/) - The Nation’s Future Party gained 150 independent-affiliated members from the Association for Egypt, a bloc of unaffiliated representatives. - [Week in Brief – April 22, 2018 - April 28, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/05/01/week-in-brief-april-22-2018-april-28-2018/) - Thirty members of the House of Representatives from various political affiliations joined the Coalition in Support of Egypt, though some of these representatives asserted their intention to leave the bloc if it reorganizes into an official political party. - [Week in Brief – April 29, 2018 - May 5, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/05/07/week-in-brief-april-29-2018-may-5-2018/) - The House of Representatives approved the Uber and Careem Law in its entirety. - [Week in Brief – May 6, 2018 - May 12, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/05/14/week-in-brief-may-6-2018-may-12-2018/) - The House of Representatives approved the Budget Committee’s report for the final account of the 2016–17 fiscal year state budget. - [Week in Brief – May 13, 2018 - May 19, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/05/21/week-in-brief-may-6-2018-may-12-2018-2/) - Five representatives recently traveled to Europe to meet with Representative Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat, who has been increasingly critical of the closed political landscape. - [EPW Week in Brief – February 27 – March 12, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/13/week-in-brief-feb-27-mar-12/) - The Constitutional Affairs Committee is holding several dialogue sessions with political figures and civil society members to discuss the proposed constitutional amendments. The body is expected to meet twice next week and complete its outreach by March 24. - [Election Laws and Procedures](https://timep.org/2018/01/30/election-laws-and-procedures/) - The NEA has the power to set the timetable for elections procedures, define regulations for national elections such as the presidential race, and announce the winner of these contests. - [EPW Week in Brief – February 15, 2019 – February 26, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/27/week-in-brief-february-15-26/) - After the House of Representatives agreed in principle to the proposed constitutional amendments on February 14, several political parties and their members engaged in internal disputes or split due to differing opinions on the proposal. Notable parties with internal strife included the Wafd, Conservative, and Democratic Egypt Parties. Some members resigned from their respective organizations, while others were subject to internal investigations. - [EPW Week in Brief – February 6, 2019 – February 14, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/15/week-in-brief-february-6-2019-february-14-2019-2-2/) - The House of Representatives agreed in principle to the proposed constitutional amendments. Media reports indicated a vote of 485 to 18 in favor, though no official tabulation or record of votes was released. Speaker of the House Ali Abdel ‘Al subsequently referred the amendments to the Constitutional and Legislative Affairs Committee, which will review the proposal for up to 60 days. - [Week in Brief – June 24, 2018 – June 30, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/07/02/week-in-brief-june-24-2018-june-30-2018/) - Speaker of the House of Representatives Ali Abdel ‘Al traveled to Germany this week to meet with prominent members of the German parliament. - [Week in Brief – July 1, 2018 – July 7, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/07/09/week-in-brief-july-1-2018-july-7-2018/) - Prime Minister Mustafa Madbouli presented the cabinet’s agenda to the House of Representatives this week. Madbouli spoke about the major concerns of the cabinet for the next four years. - [Candidates](https://timep.org/2018/08/22/candidates/) - The fact sheet here describes the various individuals who announced their intention to contest the elections, the response to that announcement, and other relevant information about their campaigns. - [Week in Brief – July 8, 2018 – July 14, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/07/18/week-in-brief-july-1-2018-july-7-2018-2/) - The special committee in the House of Representatives tasked with debating the cabinet’s agenda approved the program by a vote of 27–4. - [Week in Brief – July 15, 2018 – July 28, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/07/30/week-in-brief-july-1-2018-july-7-2018-2-2/) - Speaker of the House Ali Abdel ‘Al announced the end of the third legislative session; the House will be on parliamentary recess until early October. - [Week in Brief – July 29, 2018 – August 11, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/08/13/week-in-brief-july-1-2018-july-7-2018-2-2-2/) - Representative Haytham al-Hariri faced another investigation by the Ethics Committee after conducting an interview with the media outlet al-Araby al-Jadeed. - [Week in Brief – August 12, 2018 – August 25, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/08/27/week-in-brief-july-1-2018-july-7-2018-2-2-3/) - Speaker of the House Ali Abdel ‘Al announced the end of the third legislative session; the House will be on parliamentary recess until early October. - [Week in Brief – August 26, 2018 – September 8, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/09/10/week-in-brief-august-26-2018-september-8-2018/) - Speaker of the House Ali Abdel ‘Al announced the end of the third legislative session; the House will be on parliamentary recess until early October. - [Week in Brief – September 9, 2018 – September 22, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/09/25/week-in-brief-september-9-2018-september-22-2018-2/) - Representative Abdel Hadi al-Qasbi was elected as the new chairman of the Coalition in Support of Egypt after former chairman Muhammad al-Suweidi announced he would not seek reelection. - [Week in Brief – September 23, 2018 – September 29, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/10/01/week-in-brief-september-23-2018-september-29-2018-2-2/) - The House of Representatives will resume session on Tuesday, October 2; parliament is expected to hold committee leadership elections on the same day and designate time to allow representatives to submit requests to change committee assignments. - [Week in Brief – September 30, 2018 – October 6, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/10/09/week-in-brief-september-26-2018-october-6-2018/) - The House of Representatives will resume session on Tuesday, October 2; parliament is expected to hold committee leadership elections on the same day and designate time to allow representatives to submit requests to change committee assignments. - [EPW Week in Brief – January 30, 2019 – February 5, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/06/week-in-brief-january-20-2019-february-5-2019-2/) - Summary Representatives from the Coalition in Support of Egypt officially proposed amendments to the constitution, which include extending presidential term limits to two six-year terms. The amendments would also reduce the size of Egypt’s House of Representatives and establish an upper house of parliament, expand military authority, and raise quotas for women in parliament, among - [EPW Week in Brief – May 8-21, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/22/week-in-brief-may-8-21/) - Following the ratification of the constitutional amendments in April, the cabinet introduced and referred several bills to the House that would bring laws regulating judicial authority in line with the new language in the constitution. - [EPW Week in Brief – March 13 – March 20, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/20/week-in-brief-mar-13-20/) - The Constitutional Affairs Committee rescheduled its dialogue sessions with stakeholders over the constitutional amendments. The first three of six meetings are to be held March 20 and 21, and the latter three will occur March 27 and 28. The committee developed a list of 720 individuals, most of whom are known to be aligned with state policies, who were invited to attend the six sessions. Political parties held separate dialogue sessions nationwide to promote the proposed amendments. - [EPW Week in Brief – March 21 – March 26, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/27/week-in-brief-mar-21-26/) - The Constitutional Affairs Committee held its first three of six social dialogue sessions with relevant stakeholders March 20 and 21 to discuss the proposed constitutional amendments. Most of the state-aligned officials in attendance supported the initiatives, though some officials raised concerns over the future independence of the judiciary under the amendments as well as the quota for female representation in future legislatures. - [EPW Week in Brief – March 27-April 2, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/03/week-in-brief-mar-27-april-2/) - The Constitutional Affairs Committee within the House of Representatives completed the last half of its social dialogue sessions with pertinent officials regarding the proposed constitutional amendments. While most of the attendees expressed their support for the proposals, some members from the Civil Democratic Movement who participated in the sessions were opposed to the amendments. - [EPW Week in Brief – April 3-9, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/10/week-in-brief-april-3-9/) - A subcommittee of the Constitutional Affairs committee tasked with compiling feedback on the constitutional amendments completed its review of the various proposals on April 4 and subsequently referred its findings to the full committee. - [EPW Week in Brief – April 10-17, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/18/week-in-brief-april-10-17/) - The Constitutional Affairs Committee within the House of Representatives finalized the proposed constitutional amendments after reviewing all feedback for the initiative, and the package was subsequently referred to plenary session for the entire legislature to deliberate and vote upon. - [EPW Week in Brief – April 18-24, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/25/week-in-brief-april-18-24/) - Referendum results were announced on April 23 with 88.8 percent of voters approving the proposal according to government tallies. - [EPW Week in Brief – April 25-30, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/01/week-in-brief-april-25-30/) - President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi traveled to China as part of the Belt and Road Summit, an economic forum attended by prominent business officials and world leaders. - [EPW Week in Brief – May 1-7, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/08/week-in-brief-may-1-7/) - Speaker of the House of Representatives Ali Abdel ‘Al hosted new World Bank President David Malpass to discuss recent economic reforms in Egypt and to offer a history of Egypt’s House of Representatives. - [EPW Week in Brief – December 22, 2018 – January 29, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/01/30/week-in-brief-december-9-2018-january-29-2019/) - The House responded to criticisms from European countries about Egypt's human rights record, and three new representatives were sworn in to office. - [EPW Week in Brief – December 9, 2018 – December 21, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/12/21/week-in-brief-december-9-2018-december-21-2018-2/) - Special elections for the three available House of Representatives seats in Tamiya, Zefta, and Arish were held December 13–14 for expatriates in Egyptian embassies and December 19–20 for domestic residents. - [Week in Brief – October 7, 2018 – October 13, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/10/15/week-in-brief-october-7-2018-october-13-2018-2-2/) - The House of Representatives will resume session on Tuesday, October 2; parliament is expected to hold committee leadership elections on the same day and designate time to allow representatives to submit requests to change committee assignments. - [Week in Brief – October 14, 2018 – October 20, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/10/22/week-in-brief-october-14-2018-october-20-2018-2-2/) - The House of Representatives approved President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi’s renewal of the three-month state of emergency. Most representatives supported the decision, though the 25-30 Bloc notably condemned the House’s approval of the executive decision. - [Week in Brief – October 21, 2018 – October 27, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/10/29/week-in-brief-october-21-2018-october-27-2018-2-2-2/) - In light of Coptic Orthodox monks being removed and arrested from the Deir al-Sultan Monastery in Jerusalem, officials in the House of Representatives condemned the incident. - [Week in Brief – October 28, 2018 – November 3, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/11/05/week-in-brief-october-28-2018-november-3-2018-2-2-2-2/) - Representatives from the Mashreq Committee in the European Parliament traveled to Egypt and met with officials from the Egyptian House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee. - [Week in Brief – November 4, 2018 – November 10, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/11/13/week-in-brief-november-4-2018-november-10-2018/) - At the World Youth Forum, President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi announced that he would permit a study into potential amendments for the NGO Law. Representatives mostly praised the decision. - [EPW Week in Brief – November 11, 2018 – November 17, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/11/19/week-in-brief-november-11-2018-november-17-2018-2/) - Delegations from the House of Representatives visited the United Kingdom and Belarus to discuss parliamentary cooperation and other issues. Members of the House also met the chair of the Bundestag's human rights committee. - [EPW Week in Brief – November 18, 2018 – November 24, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/11/27/week-in-brief-november-18-2018-november-24-2018-2-2/) - After its internal council elections, several members of the Wafd Party contested the results, prompting party Chairman Bahaa Abu Shoqa to expel six members from the organization for allegedly promoting personal interests ahead of the organization’s goals. - [EPW Week in Brief – November 25, 2018 – December 1, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/12/03/week-in-brief-november-25-2018-december-1-2018-2-2-2/) - After Italian authorities announced their intention to indict up to seven Egyptian security personnel in the death of Italian graduate student Giulio Regeni in 2016, the Italian Chamber of Deputies temporarily suspended ties with Egypt’s House of Representatives. - [EPW Week in Brief – December 2, 2018 – December 8, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/12/11/week-in-brief-december-2-2018-december-8-2018/) - Following U.N. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Housing Leilani Farha’s statement condemning Egypt’s reprisals against housing activists whom she met with on a recent mission to the country, committees in the House of Representatives condemned Farha’s remarks. - [EPW Week in Brief – May 22-29, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/30/week-in-brief-may-22-29/) - The Constitutional Affairs Committee approved amendments to laws governing various judicial bodies. The amendments bring these laws into accordance with recent amendments to the constitution - [EPW Week in Brief – May 30-June 5, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/05/week-in-brief-may-30-june-5/) - Representative Abdel Rahim Ali and his website, the Reference, engaged in a public dispute with Francois Deroche, president of the National Union for Federal Doctors in France. - [EPW Week in Brief – June 6-June 11, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/12/week-in-brief-june-6-june-11/) - The House of Representatives approved a series of amendments to laws governing several judicial entities. Among other changes, the amendments allow the president to appoint the heads of seven different judicial bodies. - [EPW Week in Brief – June 12-June 18, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/19/week-in-brief-june-12-june-18/) - The Speaker of Egypt’s House of Representatives, Ali Abdel ‘Al, traveled to China to meet with various officials in the National People’s Congress. During his meetings, Abdel ‘Al emphasized bilateral relations and discussed regional developments in the Middle East. - [EPW Week in Brief – June 19-June 26, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/27/week-in-brief-june-19-june-26/) - News website Mada Masr, citing anonymous parliamentary sources, reported that the draft law to establish a Supreme Council for Judicial Entities was scrapped due to a disagreement between Speaker of the House Ali Abdel ‘Al and Justice Minister - [EPW Week in Brief – June 27-July 9, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/10/week-in-brief-june-27-july-9-19/) - The cabinet referred a draft NGO law to the House, which would replace the 2017 NGO Law if approved. The 2019 draft law covers funding issues with domestic and foreign civil society groups, eliminates prison sentences in exchange for harsher financial penalties for violating the law, and permits the Ministry of Social Solidarity to suspend an organization’s operations before obtaining judicial consent. - [EPW Week in Brief – July 10-July 16, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/17/week-in-brief-july-10-july16/) - The House of Representatives approved the draft NGO Law on July 15, which will replace the 2017 NGO Law if ratified by President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi. Representatives were critical of the draft law being submitted so close to the end of the legislative session, noting that they did not have an appropriate amount of time to debate it. - [EPW Week in Brief – July 17-July 30, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/31/week-in-brief-july-17-july-30-19-2/) - House of Representatives Spokesman Salah Hassiballah held a press conference to discuss the fourth legislative session and several representatives condemned Amnesty International following comments it made criticizing the new NGO Law. - [EPW Week in Brief – August 28-September 11, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/09/11/week-in-brief-august-28-september-11/) - A parliamentary delegation from the Budget Committee traveled to the United States to meet with various financial and budgeting agencies, as well as local organizations. The delegation is discussing Egypt’s economic reform program, anti-corruption measures, and the budgeting process. - [EPW Week in Brief – July 31-August 14, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/15/week-in-brief-july-17-july-30-19/) - Following a car bomb explosion outside of the National Cancer Institute in Cairo on August 4 that killed 20 people, members of Egypt’s House of Representatives condemned terrorism in Egypt. One representative blamed the Muslim Brotherhood for the attack, and others asserted that the attack would not deter Egyptians’ resolve to counter extremism. The International Relations Committee from the Pan-African Parliament convened in Egypt August 5–8 to discuss regional concerns to the institution. Several officials from the Egyptian House spoke at the continental body’s sessions, highlighting Egypt’s diplomatic efforts and counter-terrorism measures within Africa. - [EPW Week in Brief – August 15-27, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/28/week-in-brief-august-15-27-19/) - President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi participated in the recent G7 Summit in France, and members of Egypt’s House of Representatives praised the event as signifying Egypt’s economic and diplomatic prominence on the international stage. - [The Transformative Politics and Memory of the Maspero Massacre](https://timep.org/2021/10/09/the-transformative-politics-and-memory-of-the-maspero-massacre/) - The Maspero Massacre has left an indelible mark on Copts, shaping their activism and identity in significant ways, both in Egypt and abroad, over the past ten years. - [Explainer: First Case Worldwide Involving Syrian State Torture](https://timep.org/2020/03/13/explainer-first-case-worldwide-involving-syrian-state-torture/) - On March 10, 2020, the Higher Regional Court in Koblenz, Germany announced that a criminal trial prosecuting members of the Syrian security apparatus for torture would begin on April 23, 2020. The case, which is set to become the first criminal trial in the world involving state torture in Syria, is a landmark one and - [Coptic Voices in the Face of State Narrative](https://timep.org/2022/01/14/coptic-voices-in-the-face-of-state-narrative/) - Egypt's current regime has touted and celebrated its inclusion, protection, and recognition of its largest minority—the Copts. So why does it also target Coptic individuals who speak up for Coptic rights? - [The Contested Politics of Coptic Diasporic Activism](https://timep.org/2021/06/07/the-contested-politics-of-coptic-diasporic-activism/) - Ideological divides and a lack of collaboration have characterized diasporic Coptic activism over the last five decades. Fragmentation among Coptic organizations with competing narratives and strategies has hindered alliance-building, grassroots mobilization, fundraising, and policy impact. - [In Sudan, Western Officials Fail to Condemn Sham Trials](https://timep.org/2022/06/23/in-sudan-western-officials-fail-to-condemn-sham-trials/) - Since Sudan’s October 25, 2021 coup, the putschists have portrayed a non-violent protest movement as a threat to peace and security in order to justify repression against civilians, both to their own rank-and-file and to the global community. As part of that strategy, teenagers and young men from humble backgrounds have been accused of murdering security forces, as it was the case of 17-year-old Mohamad Adam, better known as Tupac. The global community has failed to take a stand, effectively granting the junta total impunity to jail and possibly sentence protesters, violating their own legal procedures and international obligations. - [Post Detention Life for Syrians: Attempts to Restore Normalcy](https://timep.org/2022/01/13/post-detention-life-for-syrians-attempts-to-restore-normalcy/) - "I interviewed two women and a man who had all experienced different forms of detention. They spoke of the experience and life after it." - [Q&A with Dr. Rouba Mhaissen: Syrian Women Refugees in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2022/03/08/qa-with-dr-rouba-mhaissen-syrian-women-refugees-in-lebanon/) - In this Q&A on Syrian women refugees in Lebanon, TIMEP interviews Dr. Rouba Mhaissen, founder and director of Sawa for Development and Aid​​, a nonprofit organization that supports Syrian refugees​ in Lebanon​, and Sawa Foundation UK, that supports forced migrants in Europe and the Middle East​. - [The Consequences of Misgovernance, Negligence, and Corruption](https://timep.org/2014/04/01/misgovernance-negligence-corruption/) - "I will not vote again. I don't want to get deceived again," Ahmed, a low-income Egyptian doorman in his early 20's, told me when I asked him about the political situation and the looming presidential election. "Every time I voted, it turned out I had been deceived. Morsi gave us hope at first, then it - [Muslim Brotherhood Candidates Banned from Contesting Elections](https://timep.org/2014/04/15/muslim-brotherhood-candidates-banned-contesting-elections/) - A court in in Alexandria ruled today that Egypt’s Supreme Election Commission cannot accept nominations from the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP), the Muslim Brotherhood’s political wing. The decision came following a petition by an anti-Brotherhood group, which cited the Brotherhood’s recent designation by the Egyptian government as a terrorist group and the new constitution’s - [Court for Urgent Matters Bans National Democratic Party Leaders from Elections](https://timep.org/2014/05/06/court-urgent-matters-bans-national-democratic-party-leaders-elections/) - The Cairo Court for Urgent Matters ruled that leaders in former President Hosni Mubarak’s National Democratic Party cannot run in presidential, parliamentary, or council elections. The court found that the party had formed corrupt governments, drafted laws that contradict the constitution, and delayed implementation of court verdicts. It is unclear whether the Cairo Court for - [FDI Isn't Enough for Egypt](https://timep.org/2017/03/13/fdi-isnt-enough-for-egypt/) - Foreign direct investment has increased with efforts to restore trust in Egypt’s economy and bring in much-needed foreign cash, but that is not necessarily good news for the unemployed and wage earners. - [Egypt's Payroll Is Fine, but Its Revenues Are Too Low](https://timep.org/2017/07/05/egypts-payroll-is-fine-but-its-revenues-are-too-low/) - Throughout June, the Egyptian cabinet and parliament debated a budget for the 2017–18 fiscal year, which began on July 1. The budget has been referred to in Egypt as the “IMF budget” due to the number of restrictions in an austerity program imposed by the International Monetary Fund. The IMF—which approved a $12 billion package - [Libya's Elections and Stability](https://timep.org/2021/11/19/libyas-elections-and-stability/) - With Libya preparing to hold elections in December this year, concerns related to their legal framework threaten the whole process and raise questions about the effectiveness of ensuring Libya’s stability in the short and long term. - [Lebanon's Parliamentary Elections: High Stakes Amid Crisis](https://timep.org/2021/11/23/lebanons-parliamentary-elections-high-stakes-amid-crisis/) - With so much hanging in the balance this election cycle, it is critical to examine what Lebanon’s electoral law looks like both on paper and on the ground, the international legal standards it should meet, and what issues will be important to watch in anticipation of elections in the spring. - [A Monetary Theory of Everything: “Printing” New Money and Egypt’s Economic Ills](https://timep.org/2017/05/30/a-monetary-theory-of-everything-printing-new-money-and-egypts-economic-ills/) - Last week, the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) unexpectedly decided to raise interest rates by two percentage points to mitigate spiraling inflation. While academic economists and observers of financial markets hold a wide range of opinions about the likely effects of the rate hike (to say nothing of its wisdom), the high inflation in Egypt—cited by - [Mansour Reveals New Electoral Roadmap; Bus Attacked in Sinai](https://timep.org/2014/01/26/jan26-14/) - The interim government announced that presidential elections would be held before parliamentary elections, though no date was set for either. Mansour issued the decision after consultations with various political groups. It is widely expected that current Defense Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Abdel Fattah al-Sisi will run for president, and Sami Anan, the deputy head - [Thinking Queerly About Lebanon’s Mega-Crises](https://timep.org/2022/06/30/thinking-queerly-about-lebanons-mega-crises/) - Amid loud neglect of sexuality, gender, race, and class in unpacking Lebanons' crippling social and economic collapse, this article aims to highlight the socioeconomic violence brought by Lebanon’s government and monetary authorities on the LGBTQIA+ community. - [The Charters of Sudan’s Political Landscape](https://timep.org/2022/04/26/the-charters-of-sudans-political-landscape/) - In February 2022, two political charters issued by resistance committees and a report by UNITAMS had varying impacts on the political landscape, process, and public debate in Sudan. A review of these documents, their intersections, and their divergences, reveals major political currents shaping, or attempting to shape, the new post-coup political landscape Sudan at a critical moment of its history. - [Navigating a Participatory Political Process in Sudan Amid a Military Coup](https://timep.org/2022/07/06/navigating-a-participatory-political-process-in-sudan-amid-a-military-coup/) - This piece investigates the process that led to the production of the two key political charters produced by resistance committees in Sudan, which elevated and decentralized the political discourse across the country. Resistance committees with those charters are effectively writing a new chapter in Sudan’s political history, offering an innovative and novel governance model that deserves invigorating. - [Egyptian Cabinet Approves New Anti-sexual Harassment Law](https://timep.org/2014/05/08/egyptian-cabinet-approves-new-anti-sexual-harassment-law/) - Egypt’s cabinet passed a new sexual harassment law that defines sexual harassment as following, stalking, using gestures, speech, any method of communication, or any means of action that carry sexual undertones or pornographic hints. Violators of the law face fines, a prison sentence, or both. Since the 2011 revolution mob rapes by protesters, thugs, and - [Sisi's Farce Is a Show of Force](https://timep.org/2018/03/26/sisis-farce-is-a-show-of-force/) - As polls open for what is difficult to describe sincerely as a presidential election, one must ask the question: Why would the Egyptian government and President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi put on such a farce in such an obvious manner, undermining any credibility for this vote? - [Neither a Gift to the World nor a Money Pit](https://timep.org/2015/08/07/neither-a-gift-to-the-world-nor-a-money-pit/) - After weeks of hype, Egypt officially opened the “New Suez Canal” yesterday. Most discussions of the project—more accurately described as an expansion than a new canal—have taken one of two positions. Either the tone has been decidedly critical, suggesting that the expansion was an unnecessary waste of money that will bring little if any perceptible - [Egypt’s Unenviable Economy](https://timep.org/2016/03/07/egypts-unenviable-economy/) - Egypt’s economy is saddled with an array of complicated and interrelated challenges. The government is burdened with the unenviable task of addressing and overcoming these challenges in a weak global context for emerging economies. Unemployment and inflation contributed to the uprising in 2011, and the instability since then has not helped matters. Egypt’s hard currency - [The real source of Egypt’s dollar crisis is scarcity. Devaluation isn’t enough.](https://timep.org/2016/03/21/the-real-source-of-egypts-dollar-crisis-is-scarcity-devaluation-isnt-enough/) - The Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) finally bit the bullet and facilitated a substantial devaluation of the Egyptian pound. The official price of the dollar has risen 14 percent this week from 7.83 Egyptian pounds (LE) to 8.95. The necessity of a devaluation has been widely understood for quite some time, as I explained just - [Tiran, Sanafir, and the Island of Executive Power in Egypt](https://timep.org/2016/04/21/tiran-sanafir-and-the-island-of-executive-power-in-egypt/) - From an outside perspective, the transfer of the islands of Tiran and Sanafir to Saudi Arabian control may seem relatively uneventful. The Straits of Tiran can easily be controlled or defended from Sinai given how narrow the waterway is, and documents exist to suggest that Saudi did indeed transfer the islands in 1950 to Egypt - [Sink or Swim: Egypt's Anticipated Currency Float](https://timep.org/2016/10/03/sink-or-swim-egypts-anticipated-currency-float/) - Tarek Amer, the governor of the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE), announced in July that Egypt’s longstanding policy of defending the Egyptian pound (LE) against devaluation had been a “grave error.” The strategy had slowly whittled away Egypt’s foreign reserves to no discernible benefit to the economy, causing shortages of dollars in the formal economy - [Bigger Than a Bomb: Structural Sectarianism in Egypt](https://timep.org/2016/12/16/bigger-than-a-bomb-structural-sectarianism-in-egypt/) - On Sunday, St. Peter and St. Paul Coptic Orthodox Church in Cairo’s Coptic cathedral complex was bombed, killing 29 and wounding four dozen others in an attack claimed by the Islamic State. The government charged with protecting Egypt’s Christians and bringing the perpetrators of this bombing to justice is the same government who looks down - [Egypt Charts Its Own Course, Regardless of Patronage](https://timep.org/2017/12/12/egypt-charts-its-own-course-regardless-of-patronage/) - As the Middle East seems ever more embroiled in the rivalry between Saudi Arabia and Iran, and as world powers continue to jockey for influence, Egypt has often been portrayed in various analyses as beholden to its various supporters. This week Russian President Vladimir Putin visited Cairo and met with Sisi to work toward finalizing - [From Midwives to Doctors: Searching for “Safer” Circumcisions in Egypt?](https://timep.org/2014/09/25/midwives-doctors-searching-safer-circumcisions-egypt/) - While the verdict in Egypt’s first female genital mutilation (FGM) trial has been delayed until October 23, a health inspector’s testimony in this milestone case may help to deliver a guilty verdict. The trial brings charges against the father and doctor of 13-year-old Sohair al-Bata’a for obtaining and performing the procedure that resulted in the - [Dwindling Support for Egypt's Political Prisoners](https://timep.org/2014/12/19/dwindling-support-egypts-political-prisoners/) - Since the toppling of former president Hosni Mubarak in 2011, and throughout Egypt’s changing governments, the authorities have made a concerted effort to repress revolutionary voices through various means, including cooptation, intimidation, and imprisonment. This effort has intensified notably since the military took over in the July 2013 coup, following the mass popular protests on - [Egypt's Sectarian Committee to Combat Sectarianism](https://timep.org/2019/01/28/egypts-sectarian-committee-to-combat-sectarianism/) - In late December, Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi announced the formation of a committee to combat sectarianism in Egypt. On its face, Sisi’s decision is welcome, especially after a series of violent incidents aimed at Coptic Christians in the last two months of 2018. Often state officials have sought to deny or belittle the problem - [Doubling Down on Dictatorship](https://timep.org/2019/02/25/doubling-down-on-dictatorship/) - In one of the least surprising political developments in Egypt since 2013, President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi’s allies are moving to amend Egypt’s constitution so that he can continue to rule the country until 2034. - [Short-Term Stability in Exchange for Long-Term Fragility](https://timep.org/2019/07/03/short-term-stability-in-exchange-for-long-term-fragility/) - The short term faith that Sisi will deliver stability and reform while stemming the flow of migrants may eventually give way to the long term reality; Egypt’s political system is highly fragile, while its economic program appears unsustainable, delivering pain without viable gain. - [Egypt’s Economy: Neither Collapsing nor Thriving](https://timep.org/2019/08/20/egypts-economy-neither-collapsing-nor-thriving/) - The reality is that Egypt’s economy is neither on track to collapse nor is it likely to “boom.” The truth is decidedly less extreme yet remains troubling. Egypt’s economy won’t collapse because its international partners won’t allow it to. Egypt is too big to fail and the government knows it. - [International Pressure: The Case of Mada Masr](https://timep.org/2019/12/04/international-pressure-the-case-of-mada-masr/) - Going forward it’s important to identify and prioritize realistic demands that protect or expand valuable space for Egyptians to build civil society and protect essential rights that governments can unify their pressure around. By chipping away at the regime’s authoritarian excesses the international community, alongside Egyptian civil society, can help make incremental progress that benefit all Egyptians. - [Hardened and Brittle: Egypt’s Authoritarian Fragility](https://timep.org/2019/12/18/hardened-and-brittle-egypts-authoritarian-fragility/) - This expansive consolidation of power has been carried out through a strategy of patronage to a handful of individuals with whom he is personally close, including members of his family. While this helps guarantee the loyalty of those holding influence, it comes at the expense of a more diffuse and truly stable institutional system. - [While GERD's Reservoir Remains Empty, Tensions Rise in Dam Dispute](https://timep.org/2020/03/06/while-gerds-reservoir-remains-empty-tensions-rise-in-dam-dispute/) - Resolving the issue is pressing for all parties. Egypt has reason to be alarmed. While Ethiopia had insisted that the long-term flow of the Nile would return to normal once the reservoir is filled, reports indicate that Ethiopia seeks to reserve the right to ultimately curtail the flow in order to protect the pace of hydropower production. - [Fragile Fundamentals Under the Strain of Global Crisis: Egypt's Economy During and After COVID-19](https://timep.org/2020/04/14/fragile-fundamentals-under-the-strain-of-global-crisis-egypts-economy-during-and-after-covid-19/) - As is the case in many nations, this crisis is exposing the structural weaknesses in Egypt’s economy and the human costs that spring from them. - [When Private Isn’t Private: The Blurred Lines of Regime-Owned Enterprises in Egypt](https://timep.org/2020/10/09/when-private-isnt-private-the-blurred-lines-of-regime-owned-enterprises-in-egypt/) - Once again, Egypt has received financing from the IMF, and once again the IMF has pledged that funding will contribute to a reform program designed to lead to inclusive private sector-led growth. However, due to the evolving sophistication of the regime’s political economy over the past decade, it’s likely that the IMF’s traditional areas of - [NDP to NFP: Rebranding or Restructuring Parliamentary Life in Egypt?](https://timep.org/2021/06/17/ndp-to-nfp-rebranding-or-restructuring-parliamentary-life-in-egypt/) - Egypt is in the process of building the largest parliamentary building in the Middle East in its New Administrative Capital. Last year elections were held for a new upper chamber of parliament—the Senate—which was added in the latest round of constitutional amendments, along with subsequent elections for the House of Representatives. Why, in a regime - [Egypt’s Next IMF Loan: How to Avoid the Failures of the Past Six Years](https://timep.org/2022/06/07/egypts-next-imf-loan-how-to-avoid-the-failures-of-the-past-six-years/) - In 2016, the IMF lent Egypt $12 billion, launching a program of economic reform and austerity. Six years later, Egypt is returning to the lender of last resort for the third time, after the 2016 program failed in its primary objectives. The IMF and its shareholders now have a new opportunity to correct their past mistakes. It is not too late to encourage Egypt to undertake difficult reforms that can unleash the country’s potential, rein in the regime’s economic malpractice, and set the country on the path to sustainable and inclusive private sector-led growth and increased labor force participation. Only then will there be the macroeconomic stability that IMF planners and Egyptian officials insist they are targeting. - [Q&A with Malaz Emad: Women in Sudan’s Transition and Beyond](https://timep.org/2022/04/12/qa-with-malaz-emad-women-in-sudans-transition-and-beyond/) - As the world marks International Women’s Day, TIMEP speaks to women advocates across the MENA region on the ways in which they are challenging the roots of gender inequality. In this Q&A on the challenges and issues facing women in Sudan, and the way forward amid the country’s critical transition, TIMEP interviews Sudanese feminist Malaz Emad. - [Q&A with Lobna Darwish: Women in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/03/25/qa-with-lobna-darwish-women-in-egypt/) - As the world marks International Women’s Day, TIMEP speaks to women advocates across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region on the ways in which they are challenging the roots of gender inequality. In this Q&A on the challenges and issues facing women in Egypt, and the way forward, TIMEP interviews Lobna Darwish of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR). - [Q&A with Zoya Rouhana: Envisioning Women’s Equality in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2022/03/08/qa-with-zoya-rouhana-envisioning-womens-equality-in-lebanon/) - In this Q&A on Lebanon, TIMEP interviews women’s rights advocate Zoya Rouhana, founding member and director of KAFA (Enough) Violence and Exploitation, a Lebanese civil society organization seeking to create a society that is free of social, economic, and legal patriarchal structures that discriminate against women. - [Copts, Church, and State: Egypt's Christians Frustrated with Lack of Protection](https://timep.org/2019/02/15/copts-church-and-state-egypts-christians-frustrated-with-lack-of-protection/) - On December 12, 2018, Emad Kamal Sadek, 49, and his son David Emad, 21, were shot and killed by Rabea Mustafa Khalefa, an Egyptian police officer and guard, in front of the Holiness Revival Church in Minya in Upper Egypt. - [The Fundamental Rights of Baha’is: An Excellent Opportunity to Expand Religious Freedom in Egypt](https://timep.org/2021/12/30/the-fundamental-rights-of-bahais-an-excellent-opportunity-to-expand-religious-freedom-in-egypt/) - By the end of the current decade, a full century will have passed since the Egyptian state began to reluctantly admit the existence of adherents of the Baha’i Faith in Egypt. Nonetheless, the fundamental rights of Baha’i Egyptians are still stuck at their very same starting point as they were a century ago. - [Lebanon's Parliamentary Elections: Prospects and Pitfalls](https://timep.org/2022/05/12/lebanons-parliamentary-elections-prospects-and-pitfalls/) - Lebanon's 2022 parliamentary elections are being organized during exceptional times that have been challenging the electoral administration with unconventional financial, operational, and security obstacles. As election workers vote today, and with a few days remaining before election day, there are several challenges and possible problems that could make or break this crucial event that will set the tone of what's to come next for the country's near future. - [Is the Lebanese government using COVID-19 to undermine protests?](https://timep.org/2020/05/01/is-the-lebanese-government-using-covid-19-to-undermine-protests/) - Months of accumulation of economic challenges and disappointments in both the banking sector and the current ruling government in Lebanon culminated in mass protests on October 17 last year, during which citizens from different social classes, students, workers, teachers, and more protested to demand change and accountability. - [Algeria's Multipronged Crackdown on the Hirak](https://timep.org/2021/08/17/algerias-multipronged-crackdown-on-the-hirak/) - Renewed Hirak demonstrations have been met with repressive tactics by Algerian security services and backed by strict new laws. - [Displaced Syrians are key to the political change that Syria needs](https://timep.org/2020/07/30/displaced-syrians-are-key-to-the-political-change-that-syria-needs/) - The rights of the displaced must be taken seriously and placed at the heart of the future political solution. It is impossible to consider any of the currently ongoing elements of the political process without addressing one key issue–creating a safe environment for a voluntary and dignified return of the displaced. - [Taxing Times for Egypt's Middle Class](https://timep.org/2014/08/20/taxing-times-egypts-middle-class/) - In 1918, Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter wrote that “the spirit of a people, its cultural level, its social structure…all this and more is written in its fiscal history, stripped of all phrases.” The same can be told about the relationship between the Egyptian society and taxation. The middle class has typically borne most of the - [Demolishing Human Rights in the Name of Reconstruction: Lessons Learned From Beirut’s Solidere for Syria](https://timep.org/2020/09/16/demolishing-human-rights-in-the-name-of-reconstruction-lessons-learned-from-beiruts-solidere-for-syria/) - Although the Syrian context is different in that the conflict is still ongoing, drawing comparisons between Beirut’s Solidere and Syria’s Marota City sheds light on the politics of reconstruction and how reconstruction projects can result in further harm to civilians. - [Lebanon’s New Law on Illicit Enrichment: A Step Forward in Fighting Corruption?](https://timep.org/2020/11/03/lebanons-new-law-on-illicit-enrichment-a-step-forward-in-fighting-corruption/) - On September 30, the Lebanese parliament convened to vote on a series of laws, one of which grabbed immediate headlines: formally titled the “Law on Financial Disclosure, Conflicts of Interest and Illicit Enrichment,” hereafter referred to as the 2020 Law on Illicit Enrichment. Despite ratifying the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) in 2009, corruption - [Foreign Aid to Lebanon: Goodwill Marred by Smoke and Mirrors](https://timep.org/2021/03/11/foreign-aid-to-lebanon-goodwill-marred-by-smoke-and-mirrors/) - Lebanon is currently facing an unprecedented multi-pronged crisis that threatens the state’s very existence. The economic and financial crisis that began to manifest itself since roughly August 2019, when the value of the Lebanese Lira began to decline, has metamorphosed into a socioeconomic collapse, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic and a humanitarian crisis resulting from - [Lebanon’s Access to Information Law Has Been Amended… What’s New?](https://timep.org/2021/09/08/lebanons-access-to-information-law-has-been-amended-whats-new/) - In February 2017, the Lebanese parliament passed Law No.28 on the Right to Access Information, one of the first in a series of anti-corruption laws to be passed in recent years. - [Towards an Independent Judicial Branch in Lebanon? Part 2: The Administrative Judiciary](https://timep.org/2021/10/26/towards-an-independent-judicial-branch-in-lebanon-part-2-the-administrative-judiciary/) - This second of two parts examines the role of Lebanon's administrative judiciary. How has political interference in Lebanon's State Council hampered transparency and justice? - [Policing Football in Times of Exception](https://timep.org/2015/02/24/policing-football-in-times-of-exception/) - On February 8, 2015, at least 19 fans died while waiting to enter the Air Defense Stadium for the match between Zamalek and ENPPI – it was the first Egyptian league game to allow spectators, albeit a small number, after a three-year ban that was put in place in the wake of the Port Said - [Moral Panic in the Egyptian Media](https://timep.org/2014/08/08/moral-panic-egyptian-media/) - Throughout the upheaval of political change in Egypt over the course of the past years, a particular tendency has remained consistent in the Egyptian media: violent intolerance toward religious minorities that do not conform to a notion of “authentic” Egyptian identity. Media presentations featuring these religious minorities most often cast them either as enemies of - [Did Al Jazeera Uphold its Responsibility to its Staff?](https://timep.org/2014/10/15/al-jazeera-responsibility/) - [Editor's Note: This exclusive report presents a comprehensive account of the independent investigations of Egyptian journalist Mohannad Sabry. The mission of the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) commits it to supporting freedom of the media; in this interest, TIMEP has offered a platform to showcase Sabry's findings. Given the continued dangers media workers - [The Path to Tunisia’s 2022 Constitutional Referendum](https://timep.org/2022/07/19/the-path-to-tunisias-2022-constitutional-referendum/) - Tunisia is preparing for a constitutional referendum set to take place on July 25, 2022, exactly one year after the country’s President Kais Saied set the country on an alarming trajectory. This explainer unpacks how Saied has spent the last year dismantling the independence of the judicial and legislative branches and expanding his executive authority, and details how he threatens to make permanent these steps in a new constitution. - [Egyptian Media’s Warring Factions](https://timep.org/2014/05/20/egyptian-medias-warring-factions/) - March 14, 2014 While I was in bed, hoping to sleep as long as possible to rid myself of my exhaustion, I was suddenly shocked by the sound of continuous gunfire outside the window. Naturally, I got up in a rush to see what was going on. Looking outside, I saw al-Qaeda’s black flags - [Over 240 Days into the Imprisonment of Al Jazeera Journalists: One More Step toward One-Voice Media in Egypt?](https://timep.org/2014/08/26/240-days-imprisonment-al-jazeera-journalists-one-step-toward-one-voice-media-egypt/) - Offering another glimmer of hope in the otherwise dark saga of the Al Jazeera staff trials in Egypt, on August 21, 2014 lawyers for three of the staff confirmed their file for appeal. This confirmation comes 236 days after their initial detention, and nearly three months after their sentencing, when judges at the Giza Criminal - [How Egyptian Mainstream Media Cover the War on Terror](https://timep.org/2015/03/23/how-egyptian-mainstream-media-cover-the-war-on-terror/) - Social media, intentionally or unintentionally, has revealed the inaccuracies of government official statements or state-owned media outlets in many cases. - [Multiple Meetings between Egyptian & International Figures | Bombings in Sinai](https://timep.org/2013/08/04/aug4-13/) - There was a renewed international effort to provide a political solution to the ongoing political crisis in Egypt. Representatives from the United States, the European Union, and several Gulf states met with Khairat al-Shater, a deputy leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. U.S. Senators John McCain and Lindsey Graham, having earlier been asked by President Barack - [Controlling the Narrative: Lebanon Compromises Free Speech In Crisis](https://timep.org/2020/03/17/controlling-the-narrative-lebanon-compromises-free-speech-in-crisis/) - Lebanon has witnessed a resurgence in libel and slander cases targeted at activists and journalists, including four high profile cases in late February. Prominent journalist Dima Sadek and blogger Gino Raidy were both summoned to the Central Criminal Investigation Bureau after a complaint filed by Free Patriotic Movement Party accused them of “inciting sectarian strife” - [New Laws, Same Old Practices? Lebanon Passes Anti-Corruption Laws, But Questions Persist Over Their Efficacy](https://timep.org/2020/07/01/new-laws-same-old-practices-lebanon-passes-anti-corruption-laws-but-questions-persist-over-their-efficacy/) - The mere passage of anti-corruption legislations therefore may not be adequate when effective implementation of these laws is up in the air. - [A State of Emergency in Beirut: Ensuring Relief or Quashing Dissent?](https://timep.org/2020/08/13/a-state-of-emergency-in-beirut-ensuring-relief-or-quashing-dissent/) - Just over a week after the devastating explosion on August 4 that ripped through the Lebanese capital, Parliament voted overwhelmingly in favor of extending a state of emergency across Beirut until August 21. - [Beirut blast worsens Lebanon’s already concerning food crisis](https://timep.org/2020/09/10/beirut-blast-worsens-lebanons-already-concerning-food-crisis/) - Lebanon is not famished as some tabloids claim, but to experience a food security crisis with no clear vision to alleviate it is a cause for concern. - [The Weight of Lebanon's Unsustainable Subsidies Program](https://timep.org/2021/04/30/the-weight-of-lebanons-unsustainable-subsidies-program/) - Lebanon’s economy continues to spiral, 18 months after a currency crisis sparked a popular uprising and the unraveling of its fragile, service-based economy. - [Why Does the International Community Want Lebanon to Audit its Central Bank?](https://timep.org/2021/01/28/why-does-the-international-community-want-lebanon-to-audit-its-central-bank/) - While the forensic audit is just one of a laundry list of necessary reforms and accountability measures for Lebanon to adopt, it is among the most crucial for a number of reasons. - [Lebanon's Universal Periodic Review and Deteriorating Press Freedom](https://timep.org/2021/01/15/lebanons-universal-periodic-review-and-deteriorating-press-freedom/) - Lebanon’s commitment to its human rights obligations will be assessed on January 18 during the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) at the United Nations Human Rights Council. Every five years, the UPR is carried out for member states to review and advise others on their human rights records. TIMEP and the Committee to Protect Journalists presented - [Access to Information in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2021/06/23/access-to-information-in-lebanon/) - Lebanon’s Access to Information Law was passed in 2017 with very little media coverage and public attention, though it represented a legislative breakthrough for a country where lack of transparency and corruption is considered to be endemic. - [Egypt's Digital Foreign Policy](https://timep.org/2021/02/02/egypts-digital-foreign-policy/) - As Egypt’s crises with its immediate neighbors have mounted significantly in recent years, so too has the country’s willingness to use subversive cyber elements for statecraft. - [Hate Speech, Social Media and Political Violence in Iraq: Virtual Civil Society and Upheaval](https://timep.org/2021/02/11/hate-speech-social-media-and-political-violence-in-iraq-virtual-civil-society-and-upheaval/) - Growing more emboldened since Iraq’s defeat of ISIS, armies of online trolls have shed the Internet’s cloak of anonymity. - [Targeted Digital Threats in the Middle East and North Africa](https://timep.org/2020/07/10/targeted-digital-threats-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/) - Targeted digital attacks throughout the Middle East have evolved considerably over the past decade. New tools and attack vectors have dramatically increased in sophistication, while underlying political dynamics of attacks remain. [1] These attacks are carried out by nation-states, non-state armed groups, cybercriminals, private companies, and internal threat actors. Human rights defenders, civil society organizations, - [Misinfo, Disinfo, and Fake News in Egypt’s COVID-19 “Infodemic”](https://timep.org/2020/05/08/misinfo-disinfo-and-fake-news-in-egypts-covid-19-infodemic/) - As early as February, the World Health Organization warned of a “massive infodemic” that was accompanying the COVID-19 outbreak. Social media and traditional media alike have been inundated with misleading and false information about the virus, while there is also a host of misinformation about the misinformation itself. - [Global tech and domestic tactics: Egypt’s multifaceted regime of information controls](https://timep.org/2020/01/31/global-tech-and-domestic-tactics-egypts-multifaceted-regime-of-information-controls/) - Egyptian security agencies have effectively combined sophisticated technology purchased internationally with their own home-grown surveillance and censorship tactics to produce a pervasive, multidisciplinary regime of information control. - [Egypt's Online Repression Thwarts Both Growth and Democracy](https://timep.org/2019/08/16/egypts-online-repression-thwarts-both-growth-and-democracy/) - After outlawing protests and slowly dominating traditional media, the Egyptian state has embarked upon a multipronged strategy aimed at completely controlling and curtailing digital spaces, including censorship through website blocking, arrests based on social media posts, hacking attempts against activists, and the legalization of these practices through a myriad of new draconian laws. - [Women on the Frontline: The Anti-Sexual Violence Movement in Egypt Ten Years After the Revolution](https://timep.org/2021/02/08/women-on-the-frontline-the-anti-sexual-violence-movement-in-egypt-ten-years-after-the-revolution/) - Years ago, hardly any women could openly speak about their sexual harassment or assault experiences. Today, it is a matter of public debate and prominent civil society action. - [TIMEP Brief: Law No.19 of 2012: Counter-terrorism Law](https://timep.org/2019/01/07/timep-brief-law-no-19-of-2012-counter-terrorism-law/) - By furthering an all-encompassing definition of terrorism, the Syrian regime equips itself with a legal tool that can be interpreted broadly as criminalizing not only horrific acts of terrorism but also peaceful human rights activity and dissent. - [Egypt Media Roundup – Feb24 , 2014](https://timep.org/2014/02/24/feb24-14/) - TOP STORIES Legal & Political Institutions Egypt's interim prime minister announced Monday the resignation of his Cabinet, a surprise move that could be designed in part to pave the way for the nation's military chief to leave his defense minister's post to run for president. Hazem el-Beblawi's military-backed government was sworn in on July 16, - [TIMEP Brief: Legislative Decree No. 18: Military Service Amnesty](https://timep.org/2018/12/06/timep-brief-legislative-decree-no-18-military-service-amnesty/) - Legislative Decree No. 18 of 2018, which grants general amnesty to certain individuals accused of deserting or avoiding military service, was issued on October 9, 2018, by President Bashar al-Assad. - [White House Announces Major Changes in Aid Relationship with Egypt, Resumption of Military Aid](https://timep.org/2015/04/03/white-house-announces-major-changes-in-aid-relationship-with-egypt-resumption-of-military-aid/) - TIMEP acknowledges the necessity of the administration’s decision to overhaul its aid relationship with Egypt in a way that more appropriately focuses on security and terrorism. - [Legislating National Security](https://timep.org/2014/02/26/the-legislating-of-national-security/) - In an Egypt that is fighting a self-declared “war on terror” and awaiting a possible nomination of Field Marshal Abdel Fattah al-Sisi for the presidency, the issue of national security and the role of the military is a vital one. Reflecting this importance, on February 26 and 27, 2014 and in less than a 48-hour - [Cassandra’s Curse: No True Allies for Egyptian Women](https://timep.org/2014/03/28/cassandras-curse/) - Cassandra, the legendary princess of Troy whose name meant “she who entangles men,” was a beautiful woman. So beautiful was she, in fact, that the Greek god Apollo wanted her for himself. In order to seduce her, he granted her the gift of prophecy, and she became known as the woman who had incredible insight - [Intent to Disperse Protest Camps Leaked | Reconciliation Reached in Minya](https://timep.org/2013/08/11/aug11-13/) - Officials at the Ministry of the Interior said that the dispersal of the sit-ins at Raba’a al-Adaweya Mosque and Nahda Square could begin on Monday. One source told the BBC that the government leaked their intentions in order to give protestors an opportunity to leave the sites, but supporters of deposed President Muhammad Morsi instead - [Aftermath of Protest Clearings Grow Clear](https://timep.org/2013/08/15/aug15-13/) - Interior Minister Mohammed Ibrahim authorized police to use deadly force to protect themselves and state institutions as violence broke out across Egypt in response to the government’s decision to forcibly clear the protest camps at Raba’a al-Adaweya and Nahda Square. Churches were burned, police stations were attacked, and roads were blocked as Islamists, angered by - [TIMEP Solemnly Commemorates One-Year Anniversary of the Raba’a Square Dispersal](https://timep.org/2014/08/14/one-year-anniversary-rabaa-square-dispersal/) - Calls for Investigations, Accountability Washington, D.C. – The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) solemnly commemorates the one-year anniversary of the violent Raba’a al-Adaweya Square dispersal. On August 14, 2013, security forces in Cairo violently cleared weeks-long sit-in demonstrations in support of deposed President Muhammed Morsi, claiming the lives of hundreds of people and - [Failed Negotiations | Rights Groups Condemn Sectarian Attacks](https://timep.org/2013/08/07/aug7-13/) - The Egyptian presidency announced that intervention efforts by various foreign governments and bodies had failed. The Egyptian government blamed the Muslim Brotherhood for the collapse of the talks. Interim President Adly Mansour claimed that the military-backed government would move forward with its transition plan, saying, “The train of the future has departed, and everyone must - [“Break a Girl’s Rib and She’ll Grow 24”: Egypt and Children’s Rights](https://timep.org/2014/02/12/break-a-girls-rib-and-shell-grow-24-egypt-and-childrens-rights/) - Whether it is in the face of personal or structural violence enacted in the forms of physical, sexual, emotional, cultural, verbal, or financial abuse or neglect, children in Egypt face a rocky road. Many children do not have clear access to their rights and encounter limited recourse in pursuing them. The dreams of political and - [The Shifting Role of Women in Syria’s Economy](https://timep.org/2017/08/02/the-shifting-role-of-women-in-syrias-economy/) - This report is part of TIMEP-News Deeply's Syria’s Women: Policies & Perspectives partnership. It first appeared on News Deeply's website here The Shifting Role of Women in Syria’s Economy Author: Daniel Hilton The Syrian war has transformed women’s role in the workforce, giving way to opportunities previously reserved for men. As women take on more - [Women’s Participation in the Economy](https://timep.org/2017/08/02/womens-participation-in-the-economy/) - Summary As of January 2016, 80 percent of the Syrian population was living below the poverty line, and the youth unemployment rate was about 78 percent, compounding many of the challenges facing Syrian women. The number of female-headed households has increased dramatically both inside and outside the country, with many men having died, been injured, - [What Does a Feminist Foreign Policy Mean for Libya?](https://timep.org/2022/02/28/what-does-a-feminist-foreign-policy-mean-for-libya/) - Positive messages spread across social media this past June in support of an announcement by Libya’s Minister of Foreign Affairs about the adoption of a Feminist Foreign Policy (FFP). What does it mean to implement an FFP and how has it played out in Libya? - [Lebanon’s Multiple Crises Also Expose the Racist Kafala System](https://timep.org/2020/09/01/lebanons-multiple-crises-also-expose-the-racist-kafala-system/) - In a video posted on Facebook, six activists took it upon themselves to explain the "Kafala" system in six languages: English, Swahili, Akan, Somali, French, and Kinyarwanda. It is, they argue, “an exploitative sponsorship system found in the Middle East whereby the employer has full control over their employees.” The Kafala system, from Arabic for - [Al-Azhar’s Role in Freedom of Belief in Egypt](https://timep.org/2018/12/07/al-azhars-role-in-freedom-of-belief-in-egypt/) - The exclusive monopoly on the practice of Islam and expression of ideas has not only been directed at the Shi’a but also at followers of other faiths that are not classified as “divine religions” according to the Egyptian Constitution. - [Why Should Fair Trials for MB Suspects be Important to Egyptian Christians?](https://timep.org/2014/05/16/fair-trials-mb-suspects-important-egyptian-christians/) - Many people asking for fair and just trials for members and supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood have faced extensive criticism, including even accusations of supporting terrorism and undermining the state by questioning the conduct of its institutions. This so despite the unnecessarily harsh sentences, the speed at which they have been issuing, and the clear - [Egypt’s National Plan to Fight Atheism](https://timep.org/2014/08/08/egypts-national-plan-fight-atheism/) - The Ministry of Youth and Sports recently announced what could be seen by many as “war on atheism” (AR). In cooperation with the Ministry of Religious Endowments and Al Azhar, the Ministry of Youth announced a plan to support Egyptian society. The plan, according to the Ministry of Youth, was formulated in light of a - [Three Years After the Maspero Massacre: Where is the Justice?](https://timep.org/2014/10/09/three-years-maspero-massacre-justice/) - Today marks the third anniversary of the Maspero massacre – what had started out on October 9, 2011 as a peaceful protest ultimately led to the death of 25 Egyptian citizens, dozens injured, and the arbitrary arrest of countless Egyptian Christians. Earlier that day, Coptic and Egyptian activist groups had called for a mass march - [Egypt Responds to the Beheading of Copts by IS in Libya](https://timep.org/2015/03/28/egypt-responds-to-the-beheading-of-copts-by-is-in-libya/) - Yesterday, Egyptians marked the culmination of the traditional, forty-day period of mourning for the twenty Egyptians and one Ghanaian beheaded by the Islamic State (IS) branch in Tripoli, Libya. Even as religious figures, community leaders, and national politicians have expressed their condolences to the victims’ families in the province of Minya, the attacks prompted the - [A Closer Look at Egyptian Kidnappings in Libya](https://timep.org/2015/01/29/a-closer-look-at-egyptian-kidnappings-in-libya/) - The fate of 20 Egyptian Copts, who were kidnapped by masked men in two separate incidents in the Libyan city of Sirte, remains unclear. In the first kidnapping, which took place on December 31, 2014, militants forcefully stopped a microbus transporting Egyptians and kidnapped seven Christians at gunpoint. Four days later, on January 3, 2015, - [Personal Affairs Law for Christians: The Responsibility of the Church, the State, and Individuals](https://timep.org/2015/10/06/personal-affairs-law-for-christians-the-responsibility-of-the-church-the-state-and-individuals/) - Long governed by separate laws on personal status issues—marriage, divorce, and other family law—Egypt’s Christians are awaiting the government’s latest move. The issue of the personal affairs law for Egypt’s Christians has recently returned to the forefront of national debate in Egypt, with President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi instructing the Cabinet to review a draft law it had - [Egypt’s Ban on Church Trips Sends Dangerous Message](https://timep.org/2017/09/01/egypts-ban-on-church-trips-sends-dangerous-message/) - Coptic monasteries and moulids, the celebrations of saints that bring hundreds of thousands of pilgrims and visitors to holy sites across Egypt, are usually overflowing during the summer. But this year, they are almost empty, thanks to the decision made by Egyptian churches to cancel all church trips and conferences. The decision, made following security instructions issued in fear - [Egypt’s Bishop Murder Saga: A Look at Impacts on the Coptic Church](https://timep.org/2018/10/03/egypts-bishop-murder-saga-a-look-at-impacts-on-the-coptic-church/) - Although it is too early to reach final conclusions about such an incident, the murder and the church’s response offer insight into the church’s relationship with the government. - [Coptic Martyrdom: Religious Identity at a Time of Persecution](https://timep.org/2018/10/17/coptic-martyrdom-religious-identity-at-a-time-of-persecution/) - With all due respect to the status of martyrs and their sacrifices, the exaggerated and inflated discourse on martyrdom, not to mention the consolidation of the spirit of submissiveness, has negative consequences for the church, Copts, and the families of the victims themselves. - [The Reality of Church Construction in Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/06/27/the-reality-of-church-construction-in-egypt/) - Egypt’s 2016 Church Construction Law established what was, on its face, a streamlined process for the construction of churches, and also provided for a committee to formalize churches which had been built illegally. - [Personal Status of Copts: Crisis Made by State and Church](https://timep.org/2020/02/12/personal-status-of-copts-crisis-made-by-state-and-church/) - Despite the importance of the opinions and roles of church leaders, they cannot be a substitute for those held by citizens whom the law affects; all of this cannot occur at the expense of the state’s responsibility to guarantee the rights of its citizens. - [The Controversy of Banning Niqab in Public in Egypt](https://timep.org/2020/04/28/the-controversy-of-banning-niqab-in-public-in-egypt/) - Calls for banning the niqab (the full face veil) in public places and state institutions in Egypt have recently re-emerged, gaining momentum after the High Administrative Court rendered a final judgment this past January rejecting the appeal of 80 niqab-wearing researchers at Cairo University and upholding the university’s decision to ban niqab for staff members during lectures. - [Obstacles to Renewing Religious Discourse in Egypt: Reasons and Results](https://timep.org/2019/10/31/obstacles-to-renewing-religious-discourse-in-egypt-reasons-and-results/) - In recent years, the Egyptian regime has promoted a new “vision” of Islam, both locally and internationally, to combat terrorism and religious extremism. President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi not only called for the renewal of “religious discourse” to fight terrorism at the beginning of his presidency, but he also has on numerous occasions highlighted the need for correcting the image of Islam by shaking the “dust” off the Islamic heritage in line with the modern age. - [Atheists in Egypt: Life on the Edge of Civil Death](https://timep.org/2021/12/29/atheists-in-egypt-life-on-the-edge-of-civil-death/) - Atheists and nonbelievers in Egypt continue to suffer regardless of the positive indications from officials regarding the freedom of religion and faith. - [Tunisia's "Soft War" on Terror](https://timep.org/2014/03/26/tunisias-soft-war-on-terror/) - Since the fall of the Ben Ali regime in 2011, Tunisia has faced a growing tide of jihadi violence that threatens to derail the country’s promising democratic transition. Jihadi violence is a particularly new and troubling phenomenon for a Tunisia shocked by increased attacks from jihadi groups on Tunisian military forces. Local and regional jihadi - [Bombings Rock Cairo as Anniversary Nears](https://timep.org/2014/01/24/jan24-14/) - Four explosions largely targeting the police rocked Cairo on the eve of the third anniversary of the January 25 revolution. The first and largest of the bombs, delivered using a pickup truck, detonated outside the Cairo Security Directorate in the city’s Bab al-Khalq area. The explosion “caused extensive damage to the front of the [Directorate]” - [Bricks in the Wall: El Nadeem, the NGO Law, and Egypt's Crackdown](https://timep.org/2017/02/10/bricks-in-the-wall-el-nadeem-the-ngo-law-and-egypts-crackdown/) - Yesterday, the El Nadeem Center for Rehabilitation of Victims of Torture was closed by Egyptian security forces, following a crackdown on most of that country’s public sphere that Human Rights Watch and others are calling a human rights crisis. Repressing civil society in Egypt is not a new development. Since at least the 1952 revolution, - [Ahead of the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit: Examining Egypt’s Record on Anti-Corruption and Women’s Rights](https://timep.org/2022/12/06/ahead-of-the-u-s-africa-leaders-summit-examining-egypts-record-on-anti-corruption-and-womens-rights/) - From December 13 to 15, President Joseph R. Biden hosted the second U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit in Washington, D.C. Attendees, including Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, met to discuss a wide range of issues, among them a “reinforce[d] commitment to democracy, human rights, and civil society.” On Friday, December 9, 2022, the Project on Middle East - [Tahrir’s Youth: A Book Talk and Discussion on the Anniversary of Egypt’s #Jan25](https://timep.org/2023/01/19/tahrirs-youth-jan-25/) - Twelve years ago Egyptians took to the streets to demand “bread, freedom, and social justice,” ultimately ousting then-President Hosni Mubarak following a thirty-year rule. Today, the country is undergoing one of the worst human rights crises of its modern era and its people are hostage to poor economic policy that has exacerbated social inequality even - [The IMF and Social Welfare in MENA: Prospects for Alleviating Crises in Egypt, Tunisia, and Lebanon](https://timep.org/2022/12/08/the-imf-and-social-welfare-in-mena-prospects-for-alleviating-crises-in-egypt-tunisia-and-lebanon/) - In late October, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) announced that it had reached staff-level agreements with the governments of Tunisia and Egypt, months after the IMF reached a similar agreement with the government of Lebanon. While each of these countries face different geopolitical and social challenges, they share increasingly complex and vulnerable economic situations, all - [Koftagate: Dashed Hopes and Wasted Resources](https://timep.org/2014/08/04/koftagate-dashed-hopes-wasted-resources/) - Five months ago, Egypt’s Military Engineering Authority announced that by June 30, 2014, they would be able to cure those living with HIV/AIDS and the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). They gave hope to millions of patients; the message was: “Finally we will get rid of the scourge of these crippling diseases, and our patriotic army - [TIMEP Calls for Urgent Action around Detention in MENA Amid COVID-19](https://timep.org/2020/03/23/timep-calls-for-urgent-action-around-detention-in-mena-amid-covid-19/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and MENA Rights Group, joined by 38 organizations from around the world, have issued a statement calling on governments in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) to take a number of urgent measures to protect their prison populations, and in doing so, their populations as a - [TIMEP Joins 109 Organizations on Digital Surveillance, Privacy, and COVID-19 Statement](https://timep.org/2020/04/02/timep-joins-109-organizations-on-digital-surveillance-privacy-and-covid-19-statement/) - TIMEP joins 109 organizations to call upon governments to ensure that the COVID-19 pandemic not be used as pretext to usher in invasive digital surveillance measures. - [Detention During COVID-19: What MENA Governments Are, Aren't, and Should Be Doing](https://timep.org/2020/04/03/detention-during-covid-19-what-mena-governments-are-arent-and-should-be-doing/) - Across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), countries are taking measures in an attempt to curb the spread of COVID-19. These national responses have included the creation of emergency hotlines, awareness campaigns, stay-at-home orders, and curfews. There is one underemphasized issue that will remain central to a country’s success in “flattening the curve”: detention. - [Remote Hearings, Detention, and the Pandemic in MENA](https://timep.org/2021/04/23/remote-hearings-detention-and-the-pandemic-in-the-mena-region/) - Across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, many courtrooms have gone remote. While the use of technology may seem like a progressive solution that responds to the health considerations necessitated by the current moment, these remote programs raise a number of essential questions, particularly for proceedings involving detainees. - [The State of COVID-19 in MENA Prisons](https://timep.org/2021/09/02/the-state-of-covid-19-in-mena-prisons/) - Living in close quarters and confined to enclosed spaces, people in detention have been especially vulnerable to COVID-19 outbreaks during the pandemic. In a number of states across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), overcrowding and medical negligence have put prisoners and detainees at risk. - [Vaccine Access and Distribution in MENA](https://timep.org/2021/09/20/vaccine-access-and-distribution-in-mena/) - While international debates over intellectual property, vaccine nationalism, and global access have taken center stage, a close look into domestic vaccine access and distribution in the Middle East and North Africa and relevant international legal standards is critical. - [No Funding and No Policy: Lebanon’s Refugee Population amid COVID-19 and an Economic Crisis](https://timep.org/2020/07/23/no-funding-and-no-policy-lebanons-refugee-population-amid-covid-19-and-an-economic-crisis/) - Chronic food insecurity, unemployment, rampant discrimination, and uncertainty about the future, exacerbated by Lebanon’s deteriorating economic and financial situation, have added significant stress on Lebanon’s refugee population and the humanitarian agencies and non-governmental organizations aiming to support them. - [Religious Institutions under the Pressure of COVID-19: Traditional Policies and Delayed Crisis Management](https://timep.org/2020/09/10/religious-institutions-under-the-pressure-of-covid-19-traditional-policies-and-delayed-crisis-management/) - The coronavirus pandemic has imposed exceptional circumstances and tough challenges on Egyptian religious institutions, which have been tested when it comes to policies of social distancing in an attempt to curb the spread of COVID-19. - [Loophole for Authoritarianism: Access to Justice in time of emergency](https://timep.org/2020/11/20/loophole-for-authoritarianism-access-to-justice-in-time-of-emergency/) - The fast spread of COVID-19 had led governments in the MENA region to take vast protective measures to control and contain the spread aiming to protect as many of their citizens, including the shutting down of schools and public spaces, the suspension of governmental agencies and the imposing of curfews. Many countries in the region - [Isolating Hamas, Cairo Isolates Itself](https://timep.org/2014/07/28/isolating-hamas-cairo-isolates/) - After a week of frenzied diplomacy to reach a cease-fire agreement and end the worsening Israeli offensive in Gaza, talks have ended almost back where they began. By Sunday morning there had been meetings and phone calls between, in no particular order: Israel, Hamas, the Palestinian Authority (P.A.), Egypt, the United States, the United Kingdom, - [Trust, but Prepare: A Civilian Sisi and an Empowered SCAF in a New Political Era](https://timep.org/2014/04/17/trust-prepare-civilian-sisi-empowered-scaf-new-political-era/) - Field Marshal Abdul-Fattah al-Sisi took off his military uniform earlier this month in order to run for president, prompting the second major reshuffle of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) in as many years. His chief of staff, General Sedki Sobhi, was elevated to the post of defense minister; General Mahmoud Hegazy, the - [The Promise of Open Data in Lebanon](https://timep.org/2021/01/15/the-promise-of-open-data-in-lebanon/) - Amidst an unprecedented economic collapse and the widespread acknowledgment that the status quo characterized by a non-transparent public sector has been irredeemably broken, can Lebanon’s newly nascent open data movement push for creating a culture of transparency and data sharing across the country? - [Strikes in Syria Reverberate in Iran](https://timep.org/2018/04/27/strikes-in-syria-reverberate-in-iran/) - The strikes on Syria by the U.S., France, and the U.K. will make it less likely for its regime to use chemical weapons. They also represent a setback for Iran. - [TIMEP Brief: Normalization of the Syrian Regime](https://timep.org/2019/05/13/timep-brief-normalization-of-the-syrian-regime/) - As fighting in Syria becomes localized to only a few areas and the Syrian regime works alongside its Russian ally to send a message that the war has come to an end, it is likely that countries and businesses may increasingly begin to normalize relations with the Syrian regime. - [Lebanon's Revolution Deserves a Fighting Chance](https://timep.org/2021/10/19/lebanons-revolution-deserves-a-fighting-chance/) - "Lebanon is not a failed state; it is a state made to fail. And its revolution can still deliver the transformation needed to save it." - [Turkey and Egypt: Misconceptions & Missed Opportunities](https://timep.org/2014/05/02/turkey-egypt-misconceptions-missed-opportunities/) - The relationship between Turkey and Egypt has rarely been an easy one. During the British Mandate, the Turkish government found itself clashing with Egyptian authorities over the rights and entitlements of Turks living in Egypt. Then, of course, there was the infamous 1932 incident in which Ataturk humiliated the Egyptian ambassador at an official Turkish - [A State of Denial: Religious Freedom in Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/01/23/a-state-of-denial-religious-freedom-in-egypt/) - Some in Egypt hail the overwhelming backing of last week’s constitutional referendum as a repudiation of the 2012 constitution approved during the Morsi era. However, most Egyptians would tell you a “yes” vote was not about the substance of the constitution, but a vote for moving Egypt forward, whatever “forward” might mean. Regardless of where - [What’s Behind the Partnership between Russia and Egypt?](https://timep.org/2021/12/17/whats-behind-the-partnership-between-russia-and-egypt/) - For Russia, Egypt remains a key player in the Middle East and North Africa. Starting from the mid-2000s, Moscow has gradually made a comeback to the region after a decades-long hiatus. - [Tunisia's Police Protection Law Brings a Memory of Years of Silence](https://timep.org/2020/12/17/tunisias-police-protection-law-brings-a-memory-of-years-of-silence/) - The new draft law on the “protection of security forces” would impose disproportionate criminal penalties for various acts that jeopardize security, exempt security forces from criminal liability when they use lethal force, and reinforce impunity that could pave the way for no accountability for security forces. - [Iraq Protests Battle for State Sovereignty](https://timep.org/2021/01/20/iraq-protests-battle-for-state-sovereignty/) - In October of 2019, Iraq witnessed the launch of a mass protest movement known as the "October Revolution," with the slogan “We Want a Homeland” (نريد وطن ), which has become the movement’s online hashtag and raison d’être. - [Algeria: The Arab Spring’s Late Bloomer?](https://timep.org/2021/02/09/algeria-the-arab-springs-late-bloomer/) - When protests started throughout the Middle East and North Africa in late 2010 and early 2011, observers seemed to keep wondering: why are Algerians not protesting? But this is not entirely true. - [Egypt’s Sectarian Divides: A Look at the Situation on the Anniversary of St. Mark’s Attack](https://timep.org/2014/04/07/egypts-sectarian-divides-look-situation-anniversary-st-marks-attack/) - The specter of sectarian conflict haunts many societies around the world, and Egypt is no stranger to the costs of this pernicious phenomenon. Egypt’s religious minorities—followers of Coptic (and other forms of) Christianity, Shia Islam, the Baha’i faith, Judaism, and other faiths—along with the atheist community, have particularly suffered at various times from sectarian violence, - [Sisi for Egypt...in 2022?](https://timep.org/2014/01/22/sisi-for-egypt-in-2022/) - Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi, according to most interpretations, faces a stark decision—run for President of Egypt and confirm both the fears and hopes of different parts of Egyptian society, or stand back, all shades-of-Cincinnatus, and allow someone else to take the helm. Amid calls from prominent Egyptian figures supporting a possible run (not to mention an initiative calling on the government - [“Stuck” in Transit: Systematic limitations on the integration of Syrian refugees in Egypt and its impact on mental health and well-being](https://timep.org/2019/10/18/stuck-in-transit-systematic-limitations-on-the-integration-of-syrian-refugees-in-egypt-and-its-impact-on-the-mental-health-and-well-being-of-a-population-in-flux/) - In 2015, the World Health Organization forewarned that Syrian refugees living in Egypt were at a higher risk of developing mental health disorders than members of the host population due to chronic unemployment, financial hardship, violations of individual rights, as well as the residual effects of trauma they experienced during conflict and as a result of recent displacement. Today, the same risks factors have been met and exacerbated by the lack of social protection mechanisms and legal enforcement in place to prevent and penalize abuse and discrimination towards refugees across Egypt. - [Remand: Guilt before Innocence in Egypt’s Rule of Law](https://timep.org/2014/06/21/remand-guilt-innocence-egypts-rule-law/) - With the heightened crackdown on activists, journalists, Muslim Brotherhood supporters, and political dissidents of all stripes, Egypt’s police stations and jails are housing thousands, if not tens of thousands of detainees. WikiThawra, an aggregating initiative in conjunction with the Egyptian Center for Economic and Social Rights (ECESR), estimates that a total of 41,164 detainees were - [The Beirut Explosion’s Impact on Mental Health](https://timep.org/2021/02/11/the-beirut-explosions-impact-on-mental-health/) - Following the explosion, there has been a renewed interest in scaling up mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services provided by local and international humanitarian organizations, UN agencies, and government facilities. - [Overcoming the Hurdles: The Struggle of Palestinian Humanitarian NGOs](https://timep.org/2021/12/22/overcoming-the-hurdles-the-struggle-of-palestinian-humanitarian-ngos/) - At a time when the humanitarian crisis in Palestine worsens, the survival of Palestinian humanitarian organizations continues to be threatened. - [The Village of Khattab: A Syrian Story](https://timep.org/2022/03/24/the-village-of-khattab-a-syrian-story/) - This month, Syrians marked the eleventh anniversary of the Syrian revolution – a hopeful time when people defied decades of suppression to take to the streets demanding dignity, rights, and freedom. As a result of the government’s crackdown on protests—later aided and made worse by other actors—the few glorious months rapidly deteriorated into a gory nightmare full of massacres, chemical weapons attacks, targeting of hospitals, apocalyptic destruction, and mass displacement. - [Impunity Reigns Supreme a Year After the Beirut Blast](https://timep.org/2021/08/09/impunity-reigns-supreme-a-year-after-the-beirut-blast/) - A year ago last week, the criminal negligence of the Lebanese sectarian ruling elite blew up the country’s capital. On August 4, 2020, at 6:08 p.m. Beirut time, one of the world’s most devastating non-nuclear man-made explosions ravaged through the heart of the city, sending shockwaves across the globe. - [Beyond Sectarian Violence: Socioeconomic Challenges for Copts in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/01/12/beyond-sectarian-violence-socioeconomic-challenges-for-copts-in-egypt/) - While the freedom to worship without harm and the protection of Coptic life should be guarded, more common challenges Copts face on a daily basis in Egypt also deserve attention. - [Ramy Kamel, Mada Masr, and Seeing Coptic Issues as Civil Liberties in Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/12/12/ramy-kamel-mada-masr-and-seeing-coptic-issues-as-civil-liberties-in-egypt/) - Kamel himself advocates for other issues in addition to Coptic rights, including urban housing and investment projects in Cairo. His activism represents an impassioned and longstanding fight for citizenship rights and critique of Sisi’s authoritarian turn, earning the respect of many of his colleagues who are currently generating awareness of his arrest and calling for his release from prison. - [Spate of Terror Attacks in Egypt Threaten Right to Safety](https://timep.org/2014/06/30/spate-terror-attacks-egypt-threaten-right-safety/) - Washington, D.C. – The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) gravely condemns the rash of terror attacks that have taken place in Egypt over the course of the past week and offers condolences to the victims and families of those killed in the attacks. Three explosions near the presidential palace in Heliopolis today reportedly - [What Would People Say? The Obsession with Public Image in Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/03/05/what-would-people-say/) - “Would you allow your unmarried daughters to live alone in their own apartments in Cairo?” This was the question asked by American journalist Milton Viorst to the late Naguib Mahfouz in the 1990s. The legendary Arab novelist replied that such a circumstance would not be acceptable, as it simply would not look right. Mahfouz did - [Egypt's Long Walk to Despotism](https://timep.org/2015/01/21/egypt-despotism/) - There is a menacing wind sweeping through Egypt engulfing bureaucrats, journalists, judges, celebrities, and the average “patriotic citizen” in its path, remolding them into carriers of despotic ideas. This system is not a clear-cut case of top-down power relations in which an established power asserts itself over its supporters and against its opponents, real and - [Maspero: A Massacre Revisited](https://timep.org/2014/10/09/maspero-massacre-revisited/) - Three years after the Maspero massacre, the voices of the dead can be heard with one demand: justice. In the early days of the Egyptian Revolution, we witnessed Christians protecting Muslims during prayer times and the latter returning the courtesy. A mere seven months later, the dream of a united Egypt had turned into a - [Fath Mosque Standoff Ends](https://timep.org/2013/08/17/aug17-13/) - Protests continued in Cairo and across the country today, with the Fath Mosque in Cairo serving as the epicenter of a standoff between security forces and pro-Morsi demonstrators that included exchanges of gunfire. Ultimately, 385 people were arrested after the standoff ended. In an address, Defence Minister el-Sisi declared that there was “room for everyone” - [Tunisia’s Constitution (and a View to Egypt)](https://timep.org/2014/02/13/tunisias-constitution-and-a-view-to-egypt/) - Tunisian and Egyptian Political Context On Sunday, January 26, 2014, the Tunisian National Constituent Assembly (NCA) members celebrated the adoption of a new Tunisian Constitution – the second constitution in the modern state’s history. After weeks of heated debates, death threats, speeches, arguments, peaceful deliberations, and approval votes on each and every article, the entire - [Freedom of Belief Restrained in the Religion Field: Part 1](https://timep.org/2017/02/19/freedom-of-belief-restrained-in-the-religion-field-part-1/) - This piece first appeared on Eshhad on January 6, 2017. On August 8, 2006, the Egyptian National Council for Human Rights (NCHR) held a forum to discuss a proposal to abolish the religion field from national identity cards. In the introduction to a book issued after the forum, which included different contributions from the forum, - [Freedom of Belief Restrained in the Religion Field: Part 2](https://timep.org/2017/02/19/freedom-of-belief-restrained-in-the-religion-field-part-2/) - This piece first appeared on Eshhad on January 16, 2017. Though successive Egyptian constitutions have stipulated that the freedom of belief is “absolute,” “guaranteed,” and “protected,” the actual policies of Egyptian governments prove that it is inherently violated and restricted, unless under some exceptions. Religion Field: A Tool to Curb Religious Diversity Both previous and - [Freedom of Expression Under Attack by Tunisia’s Kais Saied](https://timep.org/2022/03/21/freedom-of-expression-under-attack-by-tunisias-kais-saied/) - Calling a coup a coup on Facebook can lead to a 10 month jail sentence in Tunisia, as was the experience of MP Yassine Ayyari, who was convicted this February for insulting the president and the army in an online post. Describing President Kais Saied’s power grab as a “foreign-backed military coup,” Ayyari was referring to the steps that Saied took to freeze parliament and sack the prime minister in the summer of 2021. - [Contempt of Religion in North Africa: Repression of Minorities and Monopoly on Interpretation of Religion](https://timep.org/2021/03/02/contempt-of-religion-in-north-africa-repression-of-minorities-and-monopoly-on-interpretation-of-religion/) - Since 2011, many countries in North Africa have witnessed major political changes following widespread protests and revolutions. As a result, new constitutions were created across the region that asserted the protection of citizens’ rights, especially the freedom of belief, opinion and expression. - [Local Governance Amid Extreme Political Uncertainty in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2022/03/15/local-governance-amid-extreme-political-uncertainty-in-tunisia/) - As Tunisia veers even further away from its constitution and democratic path, supporting local governance and democratically elected municipal councils may be an effective way to sustain the few remaining democratic institutions in the country. Doing so may bring about political and service-delivery reform, as well as provide a citizen-based approach to governance, a key promise that Tunisian President Kais Saied has struggled to fulfill. - [Press Freedom in the Maghreb](https://timep.org/2022/05/03/press-freedom-in-the-maghreb/) - Ahead of the 41st Session of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) before the United Nations Human Rights Council set for November 2022, TIMEP has collaborated with partner organizations to submit a series of three alternative civil society reports on press freedom in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. - [Kais Saied’s Exclusionary National Consultation](https://timep.org/2022/05/16/kais-saieds-exclusionary-national-consultation/) - One can say that Kais Saied's organization of the national consultation is simply clumsy because it is a new approach in engaging citizens. But this would only hold as true if no other examples were undertaken across central and local structures in post-revolutionary Tunisia over the last few years. Instead, this new development is only further evidence that Saied is leading the country using citizen engagement tools to justify his action as his autocratic rule strays away from democratic and legal legitimacy. - [Tunisia’s Low-Carbon Energy Transitions](https://timep.org/2022/06/10/tunisias-low-carbon-energy-transitions/) - Tunisia has been forced to face the inherent vulnerability of its energy sector due to external shocks in the energy market. The government raised in April 2022 fuel prices by around 5 percent for the third time this year, placing mounting pressure on ordinary Tunisians’ purses at a time when food and electricity prices are also on the rise. Against this background of Tunisia’s reliance on fossil fuels, this article surveys the country’s low-carbon energy transition and its potential to diversify away from fossil fuels and offer a sustainable, low-cost solution to energy needs. - [The Illusion of Democratic Choice in Kais Saied's New Republic](https://timep.org/2022/07/21/the-illusion-of-democratic-choice-in-kais-saieds-new-republic/) - As only a few days remain before the July 25 referendum for Tunisia's new constitution, it is imperative to emphasize the transgressions and flaws in organizing it. This piece will provide an overview of these issues to pinpoint democratic shortcomings of this critical moment in Tunisia’s democratic transition. - [Tunisian Judges on Strike: Is the Independence of the Judiciary at Stake?](https://timep.org/2022/06/15/tunisian-judges-on-strike-is-the-independence-of-the-judiciary-at-stake/) - Two weeks ago, Kais Saied issued a decree tightening his grip on the judiciary and granting himself an extended control over its institutions. On the same day, 57 judges were dismissed, accused by the president of corruption and terrorism. In response to these measures, judges started a nationwide strike and argue that these sackings were due to their refusal to follow Saied's instructions on trying political cases against his opponents. - [An Unstable Middle East: Bare Minimum Goals for Biden's Trip](https://timep.org/2022/07/14/an-unstable-middle-east-bare-minimum-goals-for-bidens-trip/) - In the spirit of pragmatism, the Biden administration should focus during this Middle East trip on achieving the following six bare-minimum goals, which address the most pressing human rights and fiscal corruption issues in Egypt, Lebanon, Tunisia, Sudan, and Syria. From the U.S. side, Biden’s administration mustn’t compromise on these goals, and if his trip is successful, powerful regional allies ought to help him accomplish them. - [Powering the Way to a Darker Tomorrow: Coal Cannot Solve Egypt’s Energy Crisis](https://timep.org/2014/04/04/egypt-coal-energy-crisis/) - In the sweltering heat of Cairo’s Maadi suburb, American inventor and engineer Frank Shuman broke ground on his Number One Sun Engine in June 1913. This, the world’s first solar-thermal power station, operated simply, but efficiently, to provide energy for desert irrigation. A year after breaking ground on the Maadi plant, Shuman wrote in Scientific - [Government Clears Protest Camps, Killing Hundreds | Pro-Morsi Crowds Lash Out Against Christian Properties](https://timep.org/2013/08/14/aug14-13/) - The government took decisive action against the protest camps today as security forces began the operation to clear the Nahda Square and Raba’a al-Adaweya sites at around 7.00am local time, initially using tear gas and birdshot. Egyptian state TV reported that a "safe exit" path was arranged at both sites for people to leave the camps. Reports of security forces exchanging gunfire - [The Problematic Continuity of Nasserism](https://timep.org/2014/03/24/problematic-continuity-of-nasserism/) - Translated by Amir Beshay Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the political scene in Egypt has always incorporated images of Gamal Abdel Nasser, as well as Nasserist vocabulary, politicians, and intellectuals. All of these elements were present in protests supporting the 2000 Palestinian Intifada as well as protests opposing the 2003 invasion of Iraq - [TIMEP Deeply Alarmed by Ongoing Reports of Detainee Abuse and Neglect in Egypt’s Prisons](https://timep.org/2014/07/30/timep-deeply-alarmed-ongoing-reports-detainee-abuse-neglect-egypts-prisons/) - Washington, D.C. – The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is deeply alarmed by ongoing accounts of detainee torture, abuse, and neglect in Egypt’s prisons. Dozens of detainees have reportedly died in police custody since July 2013 due to abuse and neglect. Despite statements by local and international organizations expressing concern about these problems, - [Leading Egyptian Activists Arrested for Involvement in Recent Protests](https://timep.org/2013/12/22/leading-egyptian-activists-arrested-involvement-recent-protests/) - Ahmed Douma, Mohammed Adel, and Ahmed Maher, who played instrumental roles in organizing and executing the January 2011 revolution as part of the April 6 Youth Movement, were convicted by an Egyptian court of incitement and sentenced to three years in prison. Douma, Adel, and Maher were the first to be found guilty in violation - [Egyptian Court Upholds Three-year Prison Sentences of April 6 Youth Movement Leaders](https://timep.org/2014/04/07/egyptian-court-upholds-three-year-prison-sentences-april-6-youth-movement-leaders/) - An appeals court upheld the three-year prison sentences of leaders in the April 6 Youth Movement. Ahmed Maher, Mohammed Adel, and Ahmed Douma were charged in late 2013 with breaking a law requiring protests and political gatherings to be approved by the Egyptian police in advance. In addition, each are to be fined $7,140. Maher, - [Life Sentence for Douma: The Latest Story of Justice Denied](https://timep.org/2015/02/05/life-sentence-for-douma/) - In the latest episode of what is becoming an increasedly politicized courtroom drama, prominent activist Ahmed Douma, member of the Egyptian Popular Current Party, has been sentenced to life imprisonment ((A life sentence in Egypt is 25 years.)) and a fine of EP 17 million, alongside 229 other defendants. Douma, who was arrested for periods - [Population Growth in Egypt: More People, More Problems?](https://timep.org/2014/04/23/population-growth-egypt-people-problems/) - This piece is the first of two that look at Egypt’s demographic situation and how it affects the country. Here, Dr. Ahmed Wagih discusses the background details and addresses some of the problems already facing the Egyptian government. A future piece will present some potential steps that governments to come could take in response to - [TIMEP Condemns Sentence by Egyptian Judge against Protesters and Activists](https://timep.org/2015/02/05/timep-condemns-sentence-by-egyptian-judge-against-protesters-and-activists/) - TIMEP condemns the 25-year sentence issued by Egyptian judge Nagy Shehata yesterday against activist Ahmed Douma and 229 other defendants in a case marked by numerous judicial irregularities. - [Tunisian Opposition Between Opportunity and Status Quo](https://timep.org/2022/09/08/tunisian-opposition-between-opportunity-and-status-quo/) - Following Tunisia’s July 25 referendum on the new constitution pushed by President Kais Saied, serious concern was voiced by political and civic actors over the conduct and legitimacy of the voting process amid little trust regarding its transparency, suspicions of fraud, and accusations of ballot rigging. How likely the political opposition and civil society are to succeed in challenging the president’s path and slowing down the democratic backsliding is much uncertain. - [Libya’s Conundrum: From Collapse of the Elections to Renewed Political Split](https://timep.org/2022/03/09/libyas-conundrum-from-collapse-of-the-elections-to-renewed-political-split/) - Few were surprised when Libya’s elections, scheduled to take place on December 24 of last year, were postponed indefinitely. The period leading up to the voting had been marred by months-long disputes between rival Libyan factions and political bodies over the ground rules for holding the vote, how the polls should be held, and who could run. - [Sisi, Do Not Put Our Backs against the Wall](https://timep.org/2014/06/11/sisi-put-backs-wall/) - Many assume that a revolution or a mass political uprising, here meaning a broad initiative to topple a government through various means of protest, is simply an act of will. I know of no particular reason for the prevalence of this assumption. For some, it may be a kind of bragging meant to reflect a - [Egypt’s NGO Laws Continue to Threaten Civil Society](https://timep.org/2014/10/17/egypts-ngo-laws-continue-threaten-civil-society/) - In a paid advertisement published in Al-Ahram newspaper in September 2014, the Egyptian Ministry of Social Solidarity extended the deadline for NGOs to register with the government. This announcement extended the existing deadline by 45 days to mid-November; a July 2014 announcement had indicated that all NGOs must be registered with the government by September - [Decision Making in Egypt: What Has Changed Since Mubarak?](https://timep.org/2015/06/16/decision-making-in-egypt-what-has-changed-since-mubarak/) - Since former president Hosni Mubarak was ousted, Egypt has experienced political and economic instability and a pronounced lack of security. Having previously been governed under a stable, if unproductive, political system that lasted for three decades, Egypt is yet to find definite answers to the turmoil and deadlock which have characterized the country since January - [Not a Revolution Yet](https://timep.org/2016/04/25/not-a-revolution-yet/) - On April 15, the unquestioned support enjoyed by President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi seemed to be harshly challenged for the first time since he took power in July 2013. The Sisi government’s decision to “give back” two tiny but strategic Red Sea islands to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia upon the visit of the Saudi king - [Committee of Ten Suggests Amendments](https://timep.org/2013/08/20/aug20-13/) - Today, the committee of ten jurists and professors handed suggested amendments of the 2012 constitution to interim president Adly Mansour. One of the most controversial items was the possible ban of religious-based political parties under the suggested changes. (View the recommended changes in Arabic and English.) - [“Committee of Fifty” Members Announced](https://timep.org/2013/09/01/sep1-13/) - Today the interim government revealed the names of those who will constitute the 50-member committee to take the suggestions of the ten-member committee to amend the Egyptian constitution. Containing few Islamists, the group has been given 60 days to complete the task. The 50-member committee is expected to remove parliamentary quotas for women, workers, and - [Conflating Hamas and Palestine in the Egyptian Media](https://timep.org/2014/09/08/conflating-hamas-palestine-egyptian-media/) - While the scenes from the recent offensive in Gaza look all too familiar to foreign observers, the Egyptian media scene—in particular how it has dealt with Gaza—has undergone some drastic changes over the past two years. It is worth noting that Egypt’s attention was also not as much turned to Gaza during the November 2012 - [Ebb of Justice: Egypt’s Constitutional Court as Veto Player in International Disputes](https://timep.org/2022/02/23/ebb-of-justice-egypts-constitutional-court-as-veto-player-in-international-disputes/) - Amid a resurgence in international prosecutions and transnational modes of legal accountability, various states implicated in human rights violations have grown wary about potential legal consequences and how this threatens their reputation and positioning in the international community. Stronger transnational advocacy networks and international accountability mechanisms have blurred the boundaries of state sovereignty and the ability of nationals and other states to find recourse in the international system. - [Abdul-Fattah El Sisi Sworn in as President](https://timep.org/2014/06/08/abdul-fattah-sisi-sworn-president/) - Abdul-Fattah El Sisi was sworn in as the Egyptian President on June 8, 2014. Attendees included top Egyptian officials as well as leaders and dignitaries from Arab, African, and Western allies. Among the attendees was Ethiopia’s Foreign Minister Tedros Adhanom. Relations between the two countries has been strained as of late due to a controversial - [With New Law, Assad Tells Syrians Not to Come Home](https://timep.org/2018/04/11/with-new-law-assad-tells-syrians-not-to-come-home/) - Syria’s hastily drafted Law No. 10 of 2018 makes it even more difficult for displaced Syrians and refugees to come home, codifying the fact that the regime does not want them to return. - [TIMEP Brief: Law No. 10 of 2018: Housing, Land, and Property](https://timep.org/2018/12/10/timep-brief-law-no-10-of-2018-housing-land-and-property/) - Syria’s Law No. 10 of 2018, which has significant implications for the property rights of Syrians, was ratified by President Bashar al-Assad on April 2, 2018, and amended on November 11, 2018. - [TIMEP Brief: Situation in Syria's Idlib Province](https://timep.org/2019/02/21/timep-brief-situation-in-syrias-idlib-province/) - Idlib’s civil society and governance structures are threatened by the potential resurgence of conflict, which has been kept at bay via a tenuous ceasefire negotiated in September 2018, the deterioration of which may result in humanitarian disaster and give rise to a new wave of jihadist activity. - [TIMEP Brief: Conscription Law](https://timep.org/2019/08/22/timep-brief-conscription-law/) - By establishing compulsory military service and creating an expansive pool from which to draw reservists, Syria’s Conscription Law makes military service a central element of the relationship between the Syrian state and the civilian population. - [TIMEP Brief: The Return of Refugees](https://timep.org/2019/08/26/timep-brief-return-of-refugees/) - Should governments and international institutions prematurely encourage returns, refugees may feel pressured or forced to return to an environment that they do not have sufficient information about or that may end up being unsafe, unstable, or even life-threatening for them—raising serious moral and international legal considerations. - [Letter from TIMEP’s Founder and Executive Director Ramy Yaacoub](https://timep.org/2023/01/27/letter-from-timeps-founder-and-executive-director-ramy-yaacoub/) - Dear friends, colleagues, and partners: As our beloved Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) celebrates one decade since its founding this year, we kick off a new and exciting chapter in our journey of growth and impact. Along with it, I too will be starting a new chapter of my own, and following many - [New Measures Restrict Work of Civil Society Groups in Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/07/28/new-measures-restrict-work-civil-society-groups-egypt/) - Washington, D.C. – The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is alarmed by recent efforts by the government of Egypt to obstruct the work of civil society organizations operating domestically. Last week, the Ministry of Social Solidarity published a [ninja-popup ID=9078]notice in Al-Ahram newspaper[/ninja-popup], warning that any non-governmental organization (NGO) not registered within 45 - [Student Protests Persevere amidst Crackdowns Elsewhere in Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/12/17/student-protests-persevere-amidst-crackdowns-elsewhere-egypt/) - The day after a court dismissed the charges against former president Hosni Mubarak for killing demonstrators, Egypt did not see the mass demonstrations that have normally accompanied similar setbacks. Although a protest did materialize the night before near Tahrir Square, security forces dispersed it within a few hours, killing two people in the process. This - [Indefinite Pretrial Detention in Egypt: Rotation and Detention Pending Multiple Cases](https://timep.org/2021/02/09/indefinite-pretrial-detention-in-egypt-rotation-and-detention-pending-multiple-cases/) - In recent years, Egyptian authorities have increasingly turned pretrial detention from an exceptional legal measure to a punitive tool used regularly against human rights defenders, journalists, and individuals perceived to be critical of the government. - [The Prosecution of a Syrian Regime Doctor in Germany: Implications and Opportunities](https://timep.org/2022/01/12/the-prosecution-of-a-syrian-regime-doctor-in-germany-implications-and-opportunities/) - Shedding light on the Syrian regime’s systematic and widespread policy of torture, the Alaa M. case will address new aspects of the regime’s violations, focusing on the violations of doctors and medical workers within the state-sponsored torture system. - [Is Criminal Justice Enough to Address the Yazidi Genocide?](https://timep.org/2022/08/16/is-criminal-justice-enough-to-address-the-yazidi-genocide/) - Eight years after ISIS committed a genocide against the Yazidi community in Iraq, survivors are still waiting for an elusive justice for the horrific crimes committed against them. Out of the approximately 500,000 members of the Yazidi community in Iraq, some 10,000 were killed, an estimated 7,000 Yazidi women and girls were kidnapped, sexually enslaved, and forcibly married, and over 300,000 were forcibly displaced. After eight years of agony, with nearly the entire population still displaced and approximately 3,000 still missing, the Yazidi community’s needs must be front and center on the justice agenda. - [Understanding Assad’s New Cyber-Crackdown in Syria](https://timep.org/2022/10/05/understanding-assads-new-cyber-crackdown-in-syria/) - A decade after the Assad regime silenced the mass peaceful demonstrations with brute military force across Syria, the government continues to consolidate its power by criminalizing freedom of speech and expression, and shrinking civic spaces to stifle any form of dissent or perceived opposition. The following analysis uncovers how the new cybercrime law that was introduced in April 2022 is part and parcel of the repressive legal tactics levied by the Syrian regime to criminalize freedom of expression and the free flow of information under the pretext of combating cybercrime. - [Michelle Eid](https://timep.org/2023/02/01/michelle-eid/) - Michelle Eid is the Editorial Intern at TIMEP. She is currently completing her masters degree in Human Rights and Humanitarian Action at Sciences Po, Paris, and has received her BA in Political Science and Middle Eastern Studies from the University of Toledo. Prior to interning with TIMEP, Michelle interned with ACTED in Beirut, Lebanon. She - [Grace Aklestad](https://timep.org/2023/01/31/grace-aklestad/) - Grace Aklestad is an Advocacy Intern at TIMEP. She is currently pursuing a Masters in Arab Studies at the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies at Georgetown University. She also works at the Alwaleed Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding. Her interests in the region include human rights, food security, and international law. - [In Solidarity with Egyptian Activist Alaa Abdel Fattah: From TIMEP’s Fellows](https://timep.org/2022/11/10/in-solidarity-with-egyptian-activist-alaa-abdel-fattah-from-timeps-fellows/) - As COP27 takes place, we—a group of TIMEP current and former fellows—are calling for the immediate release of Alaa Abdel Fattah, an Egyptian blogger, software developer, activist, and political thinker. From Tunisia, Morocco, Sudan, and Libya to Syria, Lebanon, and the diaspora, we stand in solidarity with Alaa and all 60,000 political prisoners in Egypt, - [TIMEP Joins Global Coalition Calling for the Release of Alaa Abdel Fattah and Mohamed el-Baqer](https://timep.org/2022/09/28/timep-joins-global-coalition-calling-for-the-release-of-alaa-abdel-fattah-and-mohamed-el-baqer/) - Three years since the arrest of Egyptian human rights lawyer Mohamed el-Baqer and British-Egyptian writer and pro-democracy activist Alaa Abdel Fattah, TIMEP joins a global coalition of 47 civil society organizations and individuals to call for their immediate release, the dropping of all charges, and the closure of all cases involving them. -- Global Coalition Calls - [TIMEP Announces Selection of Ninth TIMEP Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellow](https://timep.org/2022/10/11/timep-announces-selection-of-ninth-timep-bassem-sabry-democracy-fellow/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is pleased to announce the selection of Solafa Magdy as the ninth recipient of the Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship. Solafa’s mandate will focus on women in Egypt’s prisons. Spotlighting the lived experiences of formerly-detained women political prisoners, she will help inform the policy world’s understanding of day-to-day - [The Syrian Regime Signals Legal and Military Shifts to the World](https://timep.org/2022/10/17/the-syrian-regime-signals-legal-and-military-shifts-to-the-world/) - Since mid-2021, the Syrian regime has introduced a set of new policies targeting a number of vital sectors. These policies can be mostly observed in the legal and legislative sector, as well as with new appointments in the security and military fields—Syria's most thriving branch ever since 2011. These changes, which have been kickstarted after the latest presidential elections in May 2021 and the formation of a new government in August, have been part of the regime’s new push to end its international isolation. - [TIMEP’s 2022-2023 Nonresident Fellowship Cohort](https://timep.org/2022/05/24/timeps-2022-2023-nonresident-fellowship-cohort/) - TIMEP is thrilled to announce the members of its 2022-2023 Nonresident Fellowship cohort! Tackling critical issues from climate change and food security to digital rights in countries from Tunisia to Lebanon, these fellows bring a diverse and dynamic array of expertise and insights to the TIMEP team. Throughout their one year fellowships, TIMEP’s nonresident fellows - [Statement on Dr. Nancy Okail's Departure from TIMEP](https://timep.org/2019/10/07/statement-on-dr-nancy-okails-departure-from-timep/) - Over the past six years, The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) has successfully grown under the esteemed leadership of our Executive Director, Dr. Nancy Okail, to occupy a prominent place among world class organizations influencing policies supporting democracy, rule of law, and development in the Middle East. Since TIMEP’s establishment, Dr. Okail has - [TIMEP Joins Court Motion on Historic Syria Trial in Koblenz](https://timep.org/2021/07/01/timep-joins-court-motion-on-historic-syria-trial-in-koblenz/) - On July 1, 2021, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) joined a coalition of renowned institutions, experts, and academics in a motion before the Higher Regional Court in Koblenz, Germany to call upon the court to record and tape the final stage of the historic trial proceedings currently before it—the world’s first-ever Syrian - [TIMEP Calls for Action to Address Enforced Disappearances and Impunity Across MENA](https://timep.org/2021/08/27/timep-calls-for-action-to-address-enforced-disappearances-and-impunity-across-mena/) - On August 30, the International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) and 32 organizations join together to highlight the systematic practice of enforced disappearance in the MENA region. - [TIMEP Joins Global Coalition of 16 Organizations to Call for Release of Egyptian Human Rights Lawyer Mohamed El-Baqer](https://timep.org/2021/07/19/timep-joins-global-coalition-of-16-organizations-to-call-for-release-of-egyptian-human-rights-lawyer-mohamed-el-baqer/) - On July 19, 2021, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) joined a global coalition of 16 organizations to call for the release of Egyptian human rights lawyer Mohamed El-Baqer ahead of his 41st birthday on July 20. - [TIMEP Gravely Concerned About the Referral of Prominent Egyptian Human Rights Defender to Trial](https://timep.org/2021/07/13/timep-gravely-concerned-about-the-referral-of-prominent-egyptian-human-rights-defender-to-trial/) - TIMEP is gravely concerned about the referral of Mr. Hossam Bahgat, Executive Director of the Egyptian Initiative of Personal Rights (EIPR), to trial. - [TIMEP Joins Global Coalition Calling for Beirut Port Explosion Investigation](https://timep.org/2021/09/15/timep-joins-global-coalition-calling-for-beirut-port-explosion-investigation/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) has joined a coalition of 145 Lebanese and international organizations, survivors, and families calling on member states at the United Nation Human Rights Council (UNHRC) to establish an international, independent, and impartial investigative mission into the Beirut port explosion of August 4, 2020. - [Global Legal Community Stands in Solidarity with Egyptian Lawyer Mohamed el-Baqer](https://timep.org/2021/12/17/global-legal-community-stands-in-solidarity-with-egyptian-lawyer-mohamed-el-baqer/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), joined by lawyers, law students, and organizations conducting legal work from around the world, come together to stand in solidarity with Egyptian human rights lawyer Mohamed el-Baqer. - [TIMEP Joins Coalition Calling on Egypt’s President to Quash Emergency Court Verdicts](https://timep.org/2022/01/27/timep-joins-coalition-calling-on-egypts-president-to-quash-emergency-court-verdicts/) - Since June 2021, Egypt’s emergency state security courts have handed down unjust verdicts to seven human rights defenders and activists. The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy and 64 civil society organizations from around the world have issued a statement calling on Egyptian President Abdul Fattah El-Sisi to immediately quash these verdicts. - [Alarming Death of Egyptian Economist and Researcher Following Forced Disappearance](https://timep.org/2022/04/14/alarming-death-of-egyptian-economist-and-researcher-following-forced-disappearance/) - Today, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), in concert with a diverse coalition of civil society organizations, issued a joint statement calling on Egyptian authorities to immediately facilitate a thorough, transparent, and independent investigation into Mr. Ayman Hadhoud's disappearance and death. Ayman Hadhoud was an Egyptian researcher and economic advisor to the Reform and Development Party. - [TIMEP Joins +60 Organizations in International Fair Trial Day Statement on Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/06/17/timep-joins-60-organizations-in-international-fair-trial-day-statement-on-egypt/) - On the occasion of International Fair Trial Day, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) joins a coalition of over 60 civil society organizations and bar associations from around the world to underscore the critical situation of the right to a fair trial in Egypt, highlighting key issues in the deterioration of the legal - [Abuse of Travel Bans in Egypt: Joint Report by TIMEP and the Freedom Initiative](https://timep.org/2022/07/05/abuse-of-travel-bans-in-egypt-joint-report-by-timep-and-the-freedom-initiative/) - Washington, D.C. - Egyptian authorities are using politically motivated travel bans and other forms of travel-related restrictions to silence and control critical voices, the Freedom Initiative and the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy found in a new report released on Tuesday. The report, Abuse of Travel Bans in Egypt, highlights the arbitrary nature in - [#FreeAlaa: At COP 27, Canada Must Speak Out for the Release of Alaa Abdel-Fattah](https://timep.org/2022/11/06/freealaa-at-cop-27-canada-must-speak-out-for-the-release-of-alaa-abdel-fattah/) - As the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 27) begins in Egypt, today, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), in concert with a diverse coalition of Canadian and international civil society organizations, issued a public letter addressed to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, MP Ali Ehsassi, and MP Sumeer Zuberi, urging both the - [Egyptian Lawyers: A Story of Continued Resistance](https://timep.org/2021/04/06/egyptian-lawyers-a-story-of-resistance/) - It’s no secret that being a lawyer isn't a walk in the park—the stress, long hours, ever-changing laws, and serious responsibility makes it a hard choice. Today in Egypt, it's also a risky choice—one that in recent years has led to prison sentences, exile and even death. Historically, lawyers have played a vital role in - [Lawyering for Change: Q&A with Karim Nammour on Lebanon](https://timep.org/2021/04/22/lawyering-for-change-qa-with-karim-nammour-on-lebanon/) - In Lawyering for Change, TIMEP’s Legal Unit conducts a series of interviews with lawyers, legal practitioners, and academics who explore the roles that lawyers have played throughout the region’s protest movements and revolutions over the last decade. In this Q&A on Egypt, the Legal Unit speaks to Lebanese lawyer Karim Nammour. - [Libyan Women and Political Participation: Ten Years Since the Revolution](https://timep.org/2021/04/27/libyan-women-and-political-participation-ten-years-since-the-revolution/) - Women's insecurity in Libya represents one of the main factors that challenges gender equality and the status quo, hindering the reconciliation and peace process. - [Lawyering for Change: Q&A with Ahmed Ezzat on Egypt](https://timep.org/2021/04/19/qa-with-ahmed-ezzat-on-egypt/) - In Lawyering for Change, TIMEP’s Legal Unit conducts a series of interviews with lawyers, legal practitioners, and academics who explore the roles that lawyers have played throughout the region’s protest movements and revolutions over the last decade. In this Q&A on Egypt, the Legal Unit speaks to Egyptian lawyer Ahmed Ezzat. - [A Decade On, Libya’s Revolutionary Hopes Are Smoldering Ashes Set to Ignite](https://timep.org/2021/02/17/a-decade-on-libyas-revolutionary-hopes-are-smouldering-ashes-set-to-ignite/) - “Wasn’t it better under Gadaffi?” is a question that strangers have forced me to ponder countless times over the past ten years. Vaguely familiar with death and destruction-laden news coverage from Libya, many expect us to experience a haze of nostalgia for the familiar allure of authoritarianism. To be fair, many Libyan families were indeed - [Tunisia 10 Years Later: Is Kamour the New Sidi Bouzid?](https://timep.org/2020/12/17/tunisia-10-years-later-is-kamour-the-new-sidi-bouzid/) - Sidi Bouzid was the birthplace of an uprising that created the needed epistemological rupture for Tunisia’s civil society to shift from a disguised opposition to one of blunt advocacy and contribution to the political process. It’s no wonder that the sole Nobel prize in the country’s history was awarded in 2015 to four non-governmental organizations, the National Dialogue Quartet, in acknowledgment of their “contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia in the wake of the Jasmine Revolution of 2011. - [From Free Space to a Tool of Oppression: What Happened to the Internet Since the Arab Spring?](https://timep.org/2020/12/17/from-free-space-to-a-tool-of-oppression-what-happened-to-the-internet-since-the-arab-spring/) - As we mark the tenth anniversary of the Arab Spring, we reflect on how increasingly authoritarian digital spaces have become. What tactics have authoritarian Arab governments added to their playbooks since? - [Tunisia as Hub for a North African Human Rights Movement](https://timep.org/2020/12/17/tunisia-as-hub-for-a-north-african-human-rights-movement/) - While Tunisia has provided a home for individuals and organizations, it is currently, for the most part, a transitional hub rather than a permanent one—political, diplomatic and economic obstacles in Tunisia have made it difficult for it to play a bigger role. - [Walls Have Ears, but Digital Walls Have Ears and Eyes](https://timep.org/2021/04/12/walls-have-ears-but-digital-walls-have-ears-and-eyes/) - Syrians used to say “walls have ears” to warn someone that they crossed a red line or to refer to the country’s security apparatus and its deployed informants, the “Mukhabarat.” In 2011, the same people broke the silence and fear and rose up against the authoritarian regime. - [Lawyering for Change: Q&A with Bonyan Jamal on Yemen](https://timep.org/2021/04/27/lawyering-for-change-qa-with-bonyan-jamal-on-yemen/) - In Lawyering for Change, TIMEP’s Legal Unit conducts a series of interviews with lawyers, legal practitioners, and academics who explore the roles that lawyers have played throughout the region’s protest movements and revolutions over the last decade. In this Q&A on Yemen, the Legal Unit speaks to Yemeni lawyer Bonyan Jamal. - [Lawyering for Change: Q&A with Joumana Seif on Syria](https://timep.org/2021/04/29/lawyering-for-change-qa-with-joumana-seif-on-syria/) - In Lawyering for Change, TIMEP’s Legal Unit conducts a series of interviews with lawyers, legal practitioners, and academics who explore the roles that lawyers have played throughout the region’s protest movements and revolutions over the last decade. In this Q&A on Syria, the Legal Unit speaks to Syrian lawyer Joumana Seif. - [Lawyering for Change](https://timep.org/2021/04/30/lawyering-for-change/) - In Lawyering for Change, TIMEP’s Legal Unit conducts a series of interviews with lawyers, legal practitioners, and academics who explore the roles that lawyers have played throughout the region’s protest movements and revolutions over the last decade. - [Music in Egypt in the Last Decade: Hit and Run with the Authorities](https://timep.org/2021/05/03/music-in-egypt-in-the-last-decade-hit-and-run-with-the-authorities/) - I started my career in journalism seventeen years ago. In a series of unplanned incidents, I ended up covering musical activities and the contemporary music scene as my main focus. - [Arab Spring Revolutions: Dreams and Prospects of Political and Social Change for LGBTIQ+ Community (Egypt and Sudan as a Model)](https://timep.org/2021/05/04/arab-spring-revolutions-dreams-and-prospects-of-political-and-social-change-for-lgbtiq-community-egypt-and-sudan-as-a-model/) - There is no doubt that the Arab Spring revolutions have greatly contributed to the formation of the collective consciousness of many groups in society, especially youth, women and marginalized groups such as the LGBTQ community. - [TIMEP Brief: Counter-terrorism Law](https://timep.org/2018/08/15/timep-brief-counter-terrorism-law/) - The Counter-terrorism Law sets forth the official state definitions for a terrorist, terrorist act, and terrorist financing using vague language that is subject to broad interpretation. - [TIMEP Brief: Protest Law](https://timep.org/2018/11/09/timep-brief-protest-law/) - The law was retroactively approved by the House of Representatives in a hasty process that involved the review of 341 decrees in 15 days once the legislature reconvened in January 2016. - [TIMEP Brief: NGO Law](https://timep.org/2018/11/14/timep-brief-ngo-law/) - Under the NGO Law, domestic and foreign nongovernmental organizations must obtain prior approval before receiving funding from outside of Egypt and from foreigners residing inside Egypt. - [Infographic: Navigating Egypt's House of Representatives](https://timep.org/2018/12/12/infographic-navigating-egypts-house-of-representatives/) - Seven parliamentary entities are defined by the bylaws of the Egyptian House of Representatives: the Speaker, the Speaker’s Office, the General Committee, the Ethics Committee, the Specialized Committees, the Ad Hoc and Combined Committees, and the Parliamentary Chapter. TIMEP’s infographic “Navigating Egypt’s House of Representatives” helps our audience better understand the makeup of these entities, - [Infographic: How Does a Bill Become a Law in Egypt?](https://timep.org/2018/12/12/infographic-how-does-a-bill-become-a-law-in-egypt/) - Since Egypt’s House of Representatives first convened in January 2016, it has passed numerous pieces of legislation, with significant implications for the political, economic, and social lives of Egyptians. Yet, the process by which these laws are conceived of, deliberated on, and approved is often difficult to navigate. TIMEP’s infographic “How Does a Bill Become - [TIMEP Brief: Law Governing the Treatment of Certain Senior Commanders of the Armed Forces](https://timep.org/2019/01/28/timep-brief-law-governing-the-treatment-of-certain-senior-commanders-of-the-armed-forces/) - The law empowers the president to designate a group of high-ranking military officers with lifelong reserve status, granting them the benefits and rights afforded to a sitting minister, and any other rights decreed by the president or set forth by other pieces of legislation. - [TIMEP Brief: The Terrorist Funds Law](https://timep.org/2019/01/31/timep-brief-the-terrorist-funds-law/) - The law creates a legal scheme that empowers the government, for the first time, to not only seize the assets of those deemed to be terrorists or terrorist organizations, but also to actually manage and use the assets by depositing them into the state budget. - [Infographic: Amending Egypt’s Constitution](https://timep.org/2019/02/05/infographic-amending-egypts-constitution/) - TIMEP’s infographic “Amending Egypt’s Constitution” helps users better understand the process for amending the constitution as laid out by Articles 133 to 143 of the House of Representatives’ bylaws and Article 226 of the constitution. - [TIMEP Brief: Draft Constitutional Amendments](https://timep.org/2019/02/07/timep-brief-draft-constitutional-amendments/) - The current proposed amendments to the constitution raise severe concerns over the fundamental and lasting ways in which they will alter Egypt’s legal landscape, state-society relations, and power dynamics. - [TIMEP Brief: Uber and Careem Law](https://timep.org/2019/02/12/timep-brief-uber-and-careem-law/) - The Uber and Careem Law is significant in that it regulates ride-sharing companies for the first time in the country’s history. The law has serious implications for privacy because it creates a scheme in which ride-sharing companies must maintain user data for a lengthy period of time and provide it to authorities when asked, contributing to the state’s expansive surveillance mechanism. - [TIMEP and Law Society of England and Wales: Joint UPR Submission on Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/03/29/timep-and-law-society-of-england-and-wales-joint-upr-submission-on-egypt/) - TIMEP and the Law Society of England and Wales submitted a joint stakeholder report ahead of Egypt’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 3rd cycle to examine the human rights performance of all U.N. member states. - [TIMEP Brief: Terrorist Entities Law](https://timep.org/2019/04/04/timep-brief-terrorist-entities-law/) - The Terrorist Entities Law authorizes the public prosecution to issue both a Terrorist List and a Terrorist Entities List, under which individuals and organizations can be designated as a result of a previous court verdict or as a result of a new request. - [TIMEP Brief: Investment Law](https://timep.org/2019/04/05/timep-brief-investment-law/) - The Investment Law aims to attract foreign investors to Egypt to revitalize the Egyptian economy. The financial rebates and tax breaks for factories included in the law are meant to provide significant incentives for companies to begin operations in Egypt. - [TIMEP Brief: 2019 Constitutional Amendments](https://timep.org/2019/04/17/timep-brief-2019-constitutional-amendments/) - The constitutional amendments would allow President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi to serve a total of at least 16 years, granting him an additional eight years in office beyond the date that his second term was initially set to expire in 2022. - [TIMEP Brief: Egypt’s 2019 Constitutional Referendum](https://timep.org/2019/04/30/egypts-2019-constitutional-referendum/) - Similar to previous national elections, Egypt’s 2019 constitutional amendments referendum was marred by practices meant to silence opposition voices and promote a specific government agenda, and the determination of participation rates and a final ballot count was not transparent. - [TIMEP Brief: VAT Law](https://timep.org/2019/05/09/timep-brief-vat-law/) - The VAT Law is expected to streamline tax collection, broaden the tax base, and formalize the informal economy, bringing additional revenue to the government. The VAT Law replaced the previous sales tax scheme with one designed to make revenue collection easier and tax evasion more difficult. - [TIMEP Brief: The Law Regulating the Press, Media, and the Supreme Council for Media Regulation](https://timep.org/2019/05/15/timep-brief-the-law-regulating-the-press-media-and-the-supreme-council-for-media-regulation/) - The law creates a restrictive media regulatory scheme that grants authorities broad discretion to censor or block content that is found to meet a number of vaguely phrased prohibitions. - [TIMEP Brief: Industrial Licensing Law](https://timep.org/2019/05/30/timep-brief-industrial-licensing-law/) - In light of the government’s economic reform program, the Industrial Licensing Law furthers efforts to liberalize the economy. The law reduces the amount of time required for businesses to become recognized entities by the government. - [TIMEP Brief: Bankruptcy Law](https://timep.org/2019/06/20/egypts-bankruptcy-law/) - The Bankruptcy Law relaxes restrictions on businesses and individuals facing bankruptcy, thus alleviating an important hurdle to enterprise creation. - [TIMEP Brief: Church Construction Law](https://timep.org/2019/07/29/timep-brief-church-construction-law/) - The Church Construction Law subjects Christians to a separate and unequal justice system. The law's slow implementation also raises concerns about whether it can create lasting change for minorities. - [TIMEP Brief: Law No. 149 of 2019 (NGO Law)](https://timep.org/2019/08/21/ngo-law-of-2019/) - Egypt’s 2019 draft NGO Law governs the process by which domestic and foreign nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) can achieve legal recognition and sets forth provisions on their activities, oversight and monitoring, funding, and sanctions for violations of the law. - [TIMEP and Law Society: Joint UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2019/10/15/timep-and-law-society-joint-upr-advocacy-fact-sheet/) - Ahead of Egypt’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR) pre-session, TIMEP and the Law Society of England and Wales issued a UPR Advocacy Fact Sheet that complements the joint stakeholder report that the two organizations published in March 2019 per the UPR process. - [Organizing in Tunisia: Legislative Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2020/12/18/organizing-in-tunisia-legislative-fact-sheet/) - This fact sheet, put together by TIMEP’s Legal Unit, tracks and unpacks some of the key laws in question, including those on civil society, freedom of information, and counter-terrorism. - [Organizing in Egypt: Legislative Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2021/02/04/organizing-in-egypt-legislative-fact-sheet/) - Since the January 25 Revolution, Egyptian authorities have passed a number of laws that severely affect key fundamental rights at the heart of organizing on the ground and online. A new fact sheet by TIMEP’s Legal Unit details these legislative developments. - [Organizing in Syria: Legislative Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2021/03/26/organizing-in-syria-legislative-fact-sheet/) - A fact sheet by TIMEP's Legal Unit explores how the Syrian regime has used the law as a tool to restrict key fundamental rights and to normalize years of mass atrocity. - [Why Accountability in Foreign Courts for Syrian War Crimes Matters](https://timep.org/2020/11/24/why-accountability-in-foreign-courts-for-syrian-war-crimes-matters/) - The impossibility of justice in Syrian courts and the unlikely prospects before the ICC have given rise to Syrian regime war crimes prosecution in foreign third party courts. The expansion of these court cases can create significant impact. - [Q&A with ECCHR's Patrick Kroker: Syrian War Crimes in Foreign Courts](https://timep.org/2020/12/04/qa-with-ecchrs-patrick-kroker-syrian-war-crimes-in-foreign-courts/) - Since 2011, over 20 complaints have been filed outside of Syria against regime officials for war crimes and other violations of international law. Patrick Kroker of ECCHR discusses the trends and implications of such cases. - [Access to Information Laws in MENA: Spotlight on Jordan, Tunisia, and Lebanon](https://timep.org/2021/06/23/access-to-information-laws-in-mena-spotlight-on-jordan-tunisia-and-lebanon/) - In this series, we do deep dives into the legal frameworks of three MENA countries: Jordan, Tunisia, and Lebanon. - [Access to Information in Jordan](https://timep.org/2021/06/23/access-to-information-in-jordan/) - Although Jordan has a law to guarantee access to information, its vagueness, exceptions regime, and relationship with the larger legal framework are limitations. - [Access to Information Laws in MENA](https://timep.org/2021/06/25/access-to-information-laws-in-mena/) - In a new four-part series, our authors unpack the importance of this right in the MENA region, focusing on Jordan, Tunisia, and Lebanon, and speaking to stakeholders on prospects for reform. - [Access to Information in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2021/06/25/access-to-information-in-tunisia/) - Five years after the law’s passing, how does has it fared, what has implementation looked like, and what efforts are stakeholders taking to improve its track record? - [Legislating in Sudan: The Transitional Period](https://timep.org/2021/10/18/legislating-in-sudan-the-transitional-period/) - On October 3, 2020, the parties signed the Juba Peace Agreement, which amended the Charter and incorporated rebel leaders into the transitional coalition. The Draft Constitutional Charter, as amended, serves as Sudan’s interim constitution and roadmap for the country’s transition. - [Joint Submission: Egypt’s CEDAW Review](https://timep.org/2021/10/26/joint-submission-egypts-cedaw-review/) - As Egypt’s record on women's human rights and gender equality issues came under CEDAW review, the International Service for Human Rights (ISHR) and the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) compiled a joint submission that highlights a series of timely issues impacting women in Egypt, from law to practice. - [Egypt’s Religious Minorities: The Legal Framework](https://timep.org/2022/01/06/egypts-religious-minorities-the-legal-framework/) - This brief delves into some of the primary issues affecting and implicating the country’s religious minorities, who are primarily Coptic Christian, but also include members of other Christian denominations, Jews, Shi‘a Muslims, Ahmadis, Quranists, Baha’is, and atheists. - [Early Elections or Restorative Elections?](https://timep.org/2020/09/14/early-elections-or-restorative-elections/) - A restorative approach to justice, institution- and institution capacity-building can help curb the cycle of retributive violence as social bonds are re-established, and can help achieve security, stability, and accountability, which Iraq desperately needs. - [Libyan Protests in Tripoli and Beyond Signal People’s Discontent at Political Elite](https://timep.org/2020/09/28/libyan-protests-in-tripoli-and-beyond-signal-peoples-discontent-at-political-elite/) - In what came as an unexpected announcement this September, Libyan Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj stated his intention to step down by the end of October following speculation in the press about his possible resignation the week prior to the announcement. This past August, hundreds of Libyans protested over several days in the capital and elsewhere - [Her Honor Setting the Bar: Fighting for Equality in Egypt's Judiciary](https://timep.org/2020/10/02/her-honor-setting-the-bar-fighting-for-equality-in-egypts-judiciary/) - Egyptian women are still banned from applying to the judicial posts within the State Council and the Public Prosecution, which has been the case since their establishments in 1946 and 1881 respectively. - [Disinformation Campaign Targets Rape Victim and Witnesses in Egypt ](https://timep.org/2020/10/08/disinformation-campaign-targets-rape-victim-and-witnesses-in-egypt/) - Egypt’s sexual assault reckoning intensified at the end of August when witnesses and campaigners involved in bringing to light a horrific gang-rape were arrested and smeared. - [The First Prosecution of SGBV in Syrian Detention Centers](https://timep.org/2020/11/12/the-first-prosecution-of-sgbv-in-syrian-detention-centers/) - On 17 June 2020, the European Centre for Constitutional and Human Rights (ECCHR), along with the Syrian Women’s Network and Urnammu, filed the first-ever criminal complaint on sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in Syrian detention centers. - [Part 1: Syrians in Neighboring Host Countries](https://timep.org/2020/12/14/part-1-syrians-in-neighboring-host-countries/) - Over 5.6 million Syrians have been forcibly displaced from Syria to neighboring countries in the Middle Eastern region. This has resulted in a major regional and international humanitarian emergency affecting the lives of millions of Syrians and their respective host communities. - [Part 2: Detrimental Conditions inside Syria](https://timep.org/2020/12/14/part-2-detrimental-conditions-inside-syria/) - This explainer is the second in a TIMEP series regarding the issue of refugee return in the Syrian context, with an emphasis on current conditions inside Syria for returning Syrians. - [Part 3: Policy Recommendations for the Return of Syrian Refugees](https://timep.org/2020/12/14/part-3-policy-recommendations-for-the-return-of-syrian-refugees/) - In addition to stipulations put forth by the United Nations (UN), there is a need for a comprehensive political solution in Syria, explicitly framed around ongoing arrests, lack of respect for signed reconciliation agreements, forced military conscription for both people who are perceived dissidents of the Syrian regime as well as those who are not. - [Egypt’s Elections and Parliament: Old Habits Never Die](https://timep.org/2021/03/26/egypts-elections-and-parliament-old-habits-never-die/) - Over the past year while the world was reeling in a pandemic that disrupted lives on all fronts, many countries carried out their planned elections and referenda, and Egypt was among them. Between July and December 2020, the National Elections Authority (NEA) administered elections for Egypt’s two houses of parliament—the House of Representatives and the - [Part 1: Violations in Government-Held Areas](https://timep.org/2021/04/02/part-1-violations-in-government-held-areas/) - Looking at government-held areas, this first piece explores the various means through which the Syrian government is systematically violating HLP rights. - [Part 2: Violations by Nongovernment Actors](https://timep.org/2021/04/02/part-2-violations-by-nongovernment-actors/) - This explainer is the second in TIMEP’s series on HLP rights violations in the Syrian context, highlighting the systematic abuses perpetrated by nongovernment actors in Syria - [Part 3: Policy Recommendations for HLP Rights Violations](https://timep.org/2021/04/02/part-3-policy-recommendations-for-hlp-rights-violations/) - This is the final piece of a three-part series on HLP rights violations in Syria. - [The Impact of Conflict on Syrians' HLP Rights ](https://timep.org/2021/04/02/the-impact-of-conflict-on-syrians-hlp-rights/) - HLP rights violations in Syria highlight the extent to which almost all parties of the conflict have violated civilians’ property rights, ignoring long-held principles of international humanitarian law. This three-part series looks to unpack and analyze the nature of these violations. - [The Crackdown Against Tunisia’s LGBTQI+ Community](https://timep.org/2021/05/07/the-crackdown-against-tunisias-lgbtqi-community/) - LGBTQI+ Tunisians have faced escalated harassment on and offline, violent reprisals, and arrests and prosecution, both in response to their peaceful advocacy as well as solely on the basis of their gender expression and sexual orientation. - [Free Speech Under Threat in Iraq](https://timep.org/2021/05/17/free-speech-under-threat-in-iraq/) - Since 2019, the Iraq protest movement, dubbed the "Tishreen (October) Revolution," has revealed the lengths to which both state and non-state actors are willing to silence dissent and free speech. Iraqi activists and protestors have been subjected to vicious and persistent hate speech campaigns, both online and offline, that aim to discredit them and the movement. - [Egypt’s Officials Don’t See Unrecognized Religious Minorities](https://timep.org/2021/06/02/egypts-officials-dont-see-unrecognized-religious-minorities/) - .اقرأ المقال بالعربي Egyptian institutions do not officially recognize some religious minorities. As a result these minorities do not receive a set of basic constitutional rights, most notably the freedom of religion, belief, opinion and expression. In addition, their followers are subject to ongoing surveillance and prosecution on the pretext of their illegal activities. It - [North Sinai’s Information Blackout](https://timep.org/2021/06/04/north-sinais-information-blackout/) - One of the most enduring and impactful features of frequent counterterrorism operations and measures in North Sinai has been the repeated shutdown of communications networks throughout the region. - [Narratives and Social Media: Palestinians' Uphill Battle](https://timep.org/2021/06/18/narratives-and-social-media-palestinians-uphill-battle/) - Palestinians faced an escalation in the suppression of their voices and narratives through social media platforms—specifically Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok—whether by taking down content, suspending accounts, or even deleting archival stories. - [Q&A with Sana Mustafa: "We are all forcibly displaced under different labels by international law"](https://timep.org/2021/06/20/we-are-all-forcibly-displaced-under-different-labels-by-international-law-qa-with-sana-mustafa/) - TIMEP speaks to Sana Mustafa, the Director of Partnerships and Engagement at Asylum Access, about hers and her family’s path out of Syria, settling in a new country, and the wide range of challenges that refugee must navigate to secure support in new countries. - [Is it already a year?!](https://timep.org/2021/06/28/is-it-already-a-year/) - "Sarah did not second guess herself before waving the rainbow flag at Mashrou' Leila's concert. With her usual innocence, she did not calculate the consequences of the confrontation." - [Fifteen Years of Blockade and Short-term Aid for Gazans](https://timep.org/2021/07/01/fifteen-years-of-blockade-and-short-term-aid-for-gazans/) - This past month, Gazans enter their 15th year under Israeli and Egyptian blockade, under which over two million people are cut off from the world. The escalations this past May were another cycle of violence known too well to generations of Palestinians in Gaza. - [A Decade After the Syrian Revolution: Accomplishments and Relapses](https://timep.org/2021/07/21/a-decade-after-the-syrian-revolution-accomplishments-and-relapses/) - "...on the 10th anniversary of the Arab Spring, with all its positives and negatives, its accomplishments and relapses, I would like to reveal that I have lost and won…succeeded and failed… hoped and lost hope." - [Putting Families' Needs at the Center: A Humanitarian Approach to Disappearance in Syria](https://timep.org/2021/07/23/putting-families-needs-at-the-center-a-humanitarian-approach-to-disappearance-in-syria/) - Enforced disappearance and arbitrary detention have become such a widespread situation for hundreds of thousands of Syrian families that, as recalled by the Chair of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Syria, “nearly all Syrians have been victims, one way or another.” - [World Humanitarian Day: MENA in Focus](https://timep.org/2021/08/19/world-humanitarian-day-mena-in-focus/) - World Humanitarian Day is a day to remember humanitarian workers alleviating suffering around the world and to reflect on persisting and rising humanitarian needs. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is one of the most impacted regions by violent conflict, drought, mismanagement of resources, and displacement. - [Dual Threats: Water Scarcity and Rising Sea Levels in Egypt](https://timep.org/2021/08/20/dual-threats-water-scarcity-and-rising-sea-levels-in-egypt/) - As global temperatures rise, spurred on by human activity, an environmental crisis has emerged with severe repercussions across the Middle East and North Africa. Egypt is an important case study for climate change vulnerabilities. - [Protection for Victims of Enforced Disappearance in Iraq?](https://timep.org/2021/08/30/protection-for-victims-of-enforced-disappearance-in-iraq/) - A major reason for the continued perpetration of enforced disappearances is the discrepancy between the requirements enshrined in the ICPPED and Iraq’s domestic legal framework. - ["We have lost the most brilliant young men and women in my city": Q&A with Kholoud Helmi](https://timep.org/2021/08/31/we-have-lost-the-most-brilliant-young-men-and-women-in-my-city-qa-with-kholoud-helmi/) - Around the International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances, Kholoud Helmi discusses enforced disappearances in Syria, what family members like her have been mobilizing for, and the way forward. - [U.S. Fiscal Transparency Report on Sudan: a Critical Look](https://timep.org/2021/09/03/u-s-fiscal-transparency-report-on-sudan-a-critical-look/) - On June 25, the U.S. State Department issued the 2021 Fiscal Transparency Report, which “assessed the fiscal transparency” of 140 world governments during 2020. The assessment of Sudan government covered the first full fiscal year since Sudan’s new civilian-led transitional government assumed power. - ["We want this suffering to end…We act because we want other families to avoid the same situation": Q&A with Ghufran Khulani ](https://timep.org/2021/09/07/we-want-this-suffering-to-endwe-act-because-we-want-other-families-to-avoid-the-same-situation-qa-with-ghufran-khulani/) - Ghufran Khulani is a young woman from Darayya. During the Syrian revolution, her family participated in the "flowers' demonstrations" and was subjected to severe repression by the regime, which arrested four of her brothers. - [Marital Rape in Egypt: Between Legal Gaps and Social Views](https://timep.org/2021/09/07/marital-rape-in-egypt-between-legal-gaps-and-social-views/) - Marital rape is not criminalized in Egypt, and Dar Al Iftaa and Al-Azhar—the country's highest religious authorities—have both declined to issue fatwas on the subject. - [More Than Art: Tatreez and Syrian Women Refugees
](https://timep.org/2021/09/08/more-than-art-tatreez-and-syrian-women-refugees
/) - Tatreez has enabled Syrian women to come together to use art as a form of economic empowerment while also finding space to engage in an activity that helps build resilience from the trauma and the pain of displacement. - ["Families should not be treated as victims, but rather as partners in the issue of enforced disappearance": Q&A with Hiba al-Hamed](https://timep.org/2021/09/09/families-should-not-be-treated-as-victims-but-rather-as-partners-in-the-issue-of-enforced-disappearance-qa-with-hiba-al-hamed/) - Hiba al-Hamed discusses enforced disappearances in Syria and the ways in which families of the disappeared have mobilized to push for policy that centers their struggles. - [Enforced Disappearance in Syria: In the Words of Family Members](https://timep.org/2021/09/10/enforced-disappearance-in-syria-in-the-words-of-family-members/) - Around the International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances, I spoke with Kholoud Helmi, Hiba al-Hamed, and Ghufran Khulani—three young Syrian women whose lives have been completely changed after the disappearances of their loved ones by the Syrian regime and ISIS. Building upon the examples of the central role played by families of disappeared - [Wives of the Detainees and Disappeared: Women under Suspended Sentences](https://timep.org/2021/09/16/wives-of-the-detainees-and-disappeared-women-under-suspended-sentences/) - Noura Ghazi speaks to four Syrian women based in Lebanon whose family members have been disappeared during the conflict. - [How the Tragic Algeria Wildfires Illuminate State Deficiencies  ](https://timep.org/2021/09/23/how-the-tragic-algeria-wildfires-illuminate-state-deficiencies/) - The more than 70 fires that began on August 9 and devastated the northern Kabylia region of Algeria, claiming the lives of at least 69 civilians and 28 military personnel, were some of the worst recorded since independence in 1962. - [The Maspero Massacre: Ten Years On](https://timep.org/2021/10/12/the-maspero-massacre-ten-years-on/) - October 9 marks ten years since the Maspero Massacre. As a result of indiscriminate state violence and incitement, 28 Egyptians were killed and hundreds were injured. One decade later, accountability for the victims and survivors remains unrealized. - [Risk and Reward: Legal Identity Documentation in the Syrian Civil War](https://timep.org/2021/10/21/risk-and-reward-legal-identity-documentation-in-the-syrian-civil-war/) - During the Syrian civil war, the task of registering and documenting life-cycle events and property transactions has been fulfilled not only by the Syrian state but by a range of other actors. - [Resistance Committees: The Specters Organizing Sudan’s Protests](https://timep.org/2021/11/26/resistance-committees-the-specters-organizing-sudans-protests/) - Neighborhood resistance committees (RCs) are grassroots organizations with extended origins in Sudan’s modern political history going back to the 1990s. - [Renewed Arbitrary Detention: Keeping the Egyptian Opposition in Detention](https://timep.org/2022/01/31/renewed-arbitrary-detention-keeping-the-egyptian-opposition-in-detention/) - Renewed arbitrary—or "rotation" of detention—is the act of re-detaining those who have been already granted a release order after the termination of their sentences, a verdict of acquittal, or otherwise. Egyptian authorities began this practice to a limited extent between 2016 and 2018 before gradually using it on a larger scale in 2018 until it reached its peak by 2020. - [Forging a Gender Equal World: Women in MENA](https://timep.org/2022/03/08/forging-a-gender-equal-world-women-in-mena/) - March 8 marks International Women’s Day, a global opportunity to shed light on the ways in which advocates are systematically challenging the roots of gender inequality and forging societies and systems that protect the equal rights of women. In this Q&A series, TIMEP speaks to women from and in the region about the work that they do and the ways in which they’d like to see their governments and the international community act. - [Iraq’s Climate Change Response: The Private Sector and Civil Society](https://timep.org/2022/03/29/iraqs-climate-change-response-the-private-sector-and-civil-society/) - In recent years, Iraq has been severely affected by climate change, with heat waves of above 50˚ C increasing in regularity. Climate change has had devastating effects on water and food security, jeopardizing the livelihoods of Iraqis. Consequently, the issue has gained more prominence in government circles, despite the country facing a multitude of other endemic problems. - [Cyber Violence and Women in Egypt](https://timep.org/2022/03/31/cyber-violence-and-women-in-egypt/) - While increasing access to the internet aims to pave the way for a more equitable and inclusive world, the weaponization of the internet and other technologies against women has grown commonplace. The internet and social media together have become a new frontline for violence against women and girls, and this phenomenon has increased exponentially during COVID-19 and related lockdowns. More and more, texting, email, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, and just about any other internet, social media, and messaging platform are being used to perpetrate violence against women. - [When Stories Break Free](https://timep.org/2022/04/20/when-stories-break-free/) - Through six years and three months as a political prisoner in Egypt, I had undergone countless moments, cinematic scenes I thought only occurred on screens and theaters, never imagining them to be this real, let alone experience them. The fury raging in my chest does not solely stem from this fact though, but rather the way I’m witnessing our stories distorted, rewritten and intentionally shrouded by state propaganda. - [Q&A with Ikram Ben Said: Women in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2022/05/02/qa-with-ikram-ben-said-women-in-tunisia/) - In this Q&A on the challenges facing women in Tunisia in light of the political developments on the ground, TIMEP interviews Ikram Ben Said, a feminist activist and founder of Aswat Nissa (Voices of Women). - [The Never-Ending Process of Political Reform in Jordan](https://timep.org/2022/05/04/the-never-ending-process-of-political-reform-in-jordan/) - Often described as being perpetually “on the brink,” in “the crossfire,” or “caught between Iraq and a hard place,” Jordan is a cautionary case study on how inclusive socioeconomic development cannot be achieved without meaningful political reform whereby citizens have a say in policymaking. - [The Assad Regime’s Post-Conflict Narrative in the International Arena](https://timep.org/2022/05/10/the-assad-regimes-post-conflict-narrative-in-the-international-arena/) - During the sixth Brussels Conference on supporting the future of Syria, which is currently taking place, the EU needs to address the new narrative promoted by the Syrian regime that the country is now entering a post-conflict phase. A comprehensive and clear response to this narrative will set the stage for the future policies of the EU toward Syria in relation to political normalization, refugees’ return, and the accountability and justice agenda. - [The Egyptian Political Dialogue: Renewed Hope or Mere Façade?](https://timep.org/2022/05/19/the-egyptian-political-dialogue-renewed-hope-or-mere-facade/) - The last time the presidential pardon committee was active, its members were but marionettes arranged to put on a show with no decision-making power. In my firsthand experience as a six-year political prisoner in Egypt, I witnessed the true backstage puppeteers: the state security officers. Why does the opposition play along then? Because they simply view this as a temporary opening to have some political prisoners freed before the door shuts again. - [Latest Political Reforms in Jordan: Systemic Changes on the Horizon?](https://timep.org/2022/05/25/latest-political-reforms-in-jordan-systemic-changes-on-the-horizon/) - In April 2022, a year after the Prince Hamzah affair, a new electoral law and political parties law were published in the Official Gazette. With Jordan on the cusp of a politically transformative decade—at least according to official discourse—scrutinizing the laws is necessary. What’s new in this latest round of political reform? Will the two new laws salvage the eroding social contract? - [Q&A with Elias Jahshan: To Be Queer and Arab](https://timep.org/2022/06/28/qa-with-elias-jahshan-to-be-queer-and-arab/) - As the world marks Pride Month, TIMEP interviewed Palestinian-Lebanese-Australian journalist, writer, and editor Elias Jahshan who published This Arab Is Queer, an anthology of 18 stories by queer Arab writers around the world. - [How Russia's War in Ukraine is Impacting the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2022/07/11/how-russias-war-in-ukraine-is-impacting-the-mena-region/) - As the war in Ukraine has been raging for over four months, there are growing concerns on its long-term effects on the countries from the MENA region that are particularly vulnerable due to crises that predate the Russian invasion. This article offers an overview of the impact the war has had on the region in terms of food security, fuel prices, and vulnerability. - [From the River to the Sea: Water Management in Libya](https://timep.org/2022/07/14/from-the-river-to-the-sea-water-management-in-libya/) - Focusing on the question of water security for Libya’s marginalized communities, this article will consider the country’s water politics and environmental issues, its historical approach to the issue of water scarcity, and potential solutions. - [Improving the Education of Syrian Refugees in Akkar ](https://timep.org/2022/07/27/improving-the-education-of-syrian-refugees-in-akkar/) - As refugees and their host communities imagine their shared futures in Lebanon, the increasing number of out-of-school children looms in the background. In Akkar, the situation is dire: In 2019, refugees made up 36% of the population, and 27.9% of Syrian refugee children aged 6 to 14 and 81.5% aged 15 to 17 were out of school. The worsening financial situation, inflation, lack of electricity, bureaucratic obstacles, the difficulties of the education system, and lack of funding are all additional hurdles for refugees to access proper education. - [Assad's Illusion of Amnesty](https://timep.org/2022/08/08/assads-illusion-of-amnesty/) - The amnesty decree passed by Bashar al-Assad on April 30, 2022, was hailed as unprecedented in terms of its comprehensiveness and robustness, and was widely perceived as proof that the Syrian regime was laying the foundation for a post-conflict phase. Numbers on the ground, however, show that this is far from being the case, and the situation in Syria remains bleak and arrests and detentions continue outside any legal or humanitarian principles. - [Algeria Repositions Itself in the Wake of Europe’s Energy Crisis](https://timep.org/2022/08/17/algeria-repositions-itself-in-the-wake-of-europes-energy-crisis/) - A seismic shift in the geopolitics of energy has been triggered by the Russian invasion of Ukraine last February, and Algeria has become a particularly attractive option to several Western European nations seeking alternatives to Russian natural gas. The North African nation provides approximately 11 percent of imported European gas compared to the 45 percent that was channeled in from Russia in 2021. Its geographical proximity and multiple pipelines strategically scattered across its coastline make it particularly important to Spain and Italy in such an uncertain geopolitical context. - [Algeria’s Green Energy Transition: An Energy Transition Diverted by Oil and Gas Profits?](https://timep.org/2022/08/24/algerias-green-energy-transition-an-energy-transition-diverted-by-oil-and-gas-profits/) - The following article will consider Algeria’s energy transition and in particular its solar energy potential. It will examine the relationship between oil and gas demand and Algeria’s green energy transition, and the pressures and openings that affect energy transition in a country with large hydrocarbon reserves. - [Challenges Remain for Agricultural Sector in Libya: Ways Forward](https://timep.org/2022/09/02/challenges-remain-for-agricultural-sector-in-libya-ways-forward/) - Libya’s neglected agricultural sector has been shrinking through the years, impacted by both climate change and political instability, and has become more vulnerable to the challenges it faces. The grim reality of the agricultural sector requires major efforts to revive it again, and some innovations that are seeing the light in the sector could have high potential in helping achieve this. - [A Silenced MENA Youth Climate Activism Under COP 27](https://timep.org/2022/11/09/a-silenced-mena-youth-climate-activism-under-cop-27/) - In these crucial and difficult times for the MENA region, it is high time for authorities and governing institutions to properly address climate change and to fully include the youth in all strategies to combat it. One way of doing so is through supporting skills development and empowerment through knowledge and active-learning. These will help elevate potentials to ensure comprehensive mitigation and adaptation to climate change. - [Bringing “Loss and Damage” to MENA ](https://timep.org/2022/11/09/bringing-loss-and-damage-to-mena/) - While the concept of loss and damage financing is far from novel, the recent momentum in advancing the loss and damage agenda has been unitedly led by the G77 and China. Yet, despite consistent warnings from experts highlighting the MENA region as the most water-stressed areas in the world, lived experiences and anticipated adverse climate impacts in MENA countries are rarely considered within loss and damage discourse. The reasons for exclusion are likely complex and multifold, particularly given economic and geopolitical turmoil underpinning the region’s recent history. However, the existential threat to human security resulting from human-induced climate change in MENA should not be overly conflated by the lack of nuance that does not take into account the intricate country-specific sociocultural, political, and economic historical realities. - [Ryan Walsh](https://timep.org/2021/04/05/ryan-walsh/) - Ryan is the Advocacy Associate at TIMEP. Ryan is a graduate student at the George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs, pursuing a Master of Arts in international affairs with dual concentrations in U.S. foreign policy and Middle Eastern studies. Prior to that, he was a Gubernatorial Fellow at the Florida Department of Education's Office of - [Munteha Shukralla](https://timep.org/2023/01/20/munteha-shukralla/) - Munteha Shukralla comes to TIMEP with a background in social activism and a commitment to building bridges of understanding and awareness. To that end, she has organized ecumenical peace conferences, led citizen diplomacy delegations to the Middle East, and worked to train and educate thousands in leadership and community impact initiatives. She holds a BA in - [2022 in Review: TIMEP's Top 5 Podcast Episodes](https://timep.org/2022/12/26/2022-in-review-timeps-top-podcasts-2/) - TIMEP looks back at the podcast episodes that our community loved most in 2022. - [2022 in Review: TIMEP's Most-Read Articles](https://timep.org/2022/12/26/2022-in-review-timeps-most-read-articles-2/) - TIMEP looks back on the analyses, commentaries, and explainers that our community loved most in 2022. - [2022 in Review: TIMEP's Top 5 Events](https://timep.org/2022/12/26/2022-in-review-timeps-top-events-2/) - This December, TIMEP looks back on the thought-provoking and dynamic virtual panel discussions that our community loved most in 2022. - [2021 in Review: TIMEP's Top 5 Virtual Events](https://timep.org/2021/12/28/2022-in-review-timeps-top-events/) - This December, TIMEP looks back on the thought-provoking and dynamic virtual panel discussions that our community loved most in 2021. - [Bassem Sabry Fellowship](https://timep.org/2020/12/05/bassem-sabry-fellowship-3/) - Established in memory of the late Egyptian political writer and commentator Bassem Sabry, the Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship is awarded to a young professional who is committed to the principles of democratic and inclusive change: values that Sabry promoted and espoused during his lifetime. The fellowship affords rising stars based in the MENA region the - [Understanding Egypt’s Economic Troubles](https://timep.org/2022/06/16/understanding-egypts-economic-troubles/) - In 2016, the IMF gave Egypt its first bailout loan, $12 billion, and in return the country’s leadership was asked to take two main measures: implement long sought-after austerity measures; and encourage the development of an inclusive economy driven by the private sector, needed in order to create jobs to pull people out of poverty. The former was implemented but the latter was not. - [Candace Lukasik](https://timep.org/2019/02/06/candace-lukasik/) - Candace Lukasik is an Assistant Professor of Religion and Anthropology at Mississippi State University, whose research focuses on the intersections of religion, race, migration, and empire. Her first book manuscript, entitled Martyrs and Migrants: Coptic Christians and the Persecution Politics of U.S. Empire, ethnographically examines how American conservative politicization of Middle Eastern Christians has shaped - [Amal Rass](https://timep.org/2022/01/27/amal-rass/) - Amal Rass is a former Legal and Policy Intern at TIMEP. She is currently pursuing her M.A. in Law and Diplomacy at the Fletcher School At Tufts University, where she focuses on international justice, negotiation, and conflict resolution. Her background includes working on justice and accountability efforts for the Syrian conflict. You can follow her on - [Promises and Pitfalls of Jordan’s Anti-Corruption Legal Framework](https://timep.org/2022/07/20/promises-and-pitfalls-of-jordans-anti-corruption-legal-framework/) - Over the past 15 years, an extensive anti-corruption legislative framework has been developed in Jordan, including the establishment of an independent state institution tasked with combating corruption. This article reviews the existing anti-corruption legislative framework and the promising achievements accomplished, while highlighting how structural socioeconomic and political factors impede systemic anti-corruption efforts. - [Sexual Harassment Laws in Egypt: Does Stricter Mean More Effective?](https://timep.org/2021/12/14/sexual-harassment-laws-in-egypt-does-stricter-mean-more-effective/) - In Egypt, sexual harassment is a major public threat against women which there has been no sustainable policy or practice. - [How the COVID-19 Pandemic Leaves Refugees and IDPs Vulnerable](https://timep.org/2020/04/16/how-the-covid-19-pandemic-leaves-refugees-and-idps-vulnerable/) - As the world adapts to new norms under COVID-19, there are over 70 million people who are forcibly displaced across the globe trying to survive in new environments and to seek protection from this pandemic. Everyone around the world is vulnerable to COVID-19, but not all are equally vulnerable. Although the outbreak of this virus - [Nonresident Fellowship](https://timep.org/2021/05/20/nonresident-fellowship-programs/) - TIMEP’s Nonresident Fellowship program supports advocates, scholars, and analysts based on the ground in the MENA region or with significant ties to the region whose work advances the accountable, transparent, and just societies that TIMEP is committed to fostering. TIMEP recruits many of its nonresident fellows in an annual cohort, creating a unique opportunity for - [Ghinwa Hayek](https://timep.org/2021/05/19/ghinwa-hayek/) - Ghinwa Hayek is a former Nonresident Fellow at the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP); at TIMEP, her mandate focused on COVID-19, public health, and access to data and information in MENA. She works mainly in the fields of maternal and newborn health, mental health, and now on COVID-19 in the academic and humanitarian - [Holding Wagner to Account for Russian Abuses in Syria](https://timep.org/2022/03/28/holding-wagner-to-account-for-russian-abuses-in-syria/) - On the tenth anniversary of the Syrian revolution last year, a complaint against the Russian private military company (PMC) Wagner was filed in Russian courts, the first case ever brought against the group. Almost a year later, the court found that the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, which had the power to open an investigation into the torture and murder of a Syrian civilian by members of the Wagner Group, was not obligated to take action. - [TIMEP contributor](https://timep.org/2022/05/05/timep-contributor/) - [Micha Tobia](https://timep.org/2022/04/05/micha-tobia/) - Micha Tobia is the Editorial Manager at TIMEP. Her areas of interests are Middle Eastern politics and history, culture, and storytelling. Micha is the co-founder and co-editor of Mashallah News, an online platform about the Arab world, Turkey, and Iran, which covers less told stories from the region’s cities. Prior to joining TIMEP, Micha worked at the Beirut-based think - [Crisis on the Nile](https://timep.org/2021/06/10/home/) - In partnership with Tree Media’s Need to Know (N2K) project, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) has produced a video series unpacking the diplomatic conflict related to the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) situated on the Blue Nile River. - [Candace Hetchler](https://timep.org/2021/11/18/candace-hetchler/) - Candace is the Development Manager at TIMEP. She previously worked as an Egypt-based civil society strategist, fundraiser, and project manager, strengthening local organizations and initiatives throughout the Middle East, North Africa, and Caucasus regions. Candace holds a B.A. in International Studies from American University with a regional focus on the Middle East. She is a - [Hannah Paukstis](https://timep.org/2017/12/27/hannah-paukstis/) - Hannah Paukstis is the Senior Operations Manager at TIMEP. Prior to joining TIMEP, Ms. Paukstis interned at Human Rights First, the National Security Archive, and the University of Washington Center for Human Rights. She holds a B.A. in international studies from the University of Washington, minoring in human rights. - [Transgender Policy in Egypt: Murder by Medical Bureaucracy](https://timep.org/2022/01/18/transgender-policy-in-egypt-murder-by-medical-bureaucracy/) - The cruelest and most obvious stories in which a transgender person are murdered are always imprinted on our minds. The stories in which two parties: the murderer and murdered—perpetrator and victim—are known. However, what about when an entire system colludes to kill a victim? - [2022 in MENA: Looking Ahead](https://timep.org/2022/01/13/2022-in-mena-looking-ahead/) - As 2022 kicks off, we’re looking ahead to what the year has in store and gearing up to address the MENA region’s most pressing challenges. We asked TIMEP’s Nonresident Fellows what they think the policy world should be paying close attention to this year within their respective areas of focus. Muzan Alneel, The Transition - [2021 in Review: TIMEP's Top 5 Podcast Episodes](https://timep.org/2021/12/23/2021-in-review-timeps-top-podcasts/) - TIMEP looks back at the podcast episodes that our community loved most in 2021. - [2021 in Review: TIMEP's Most-Read Articles](https://timep.org/2021/12/22/2021-in-review-timeps-most-read-articles/) - TIMEP looks back on the analyses, commentaries, and explainers that our community loved most in 2021. - [Amr Ezzat](https://timep.org/2021/12/30/amr-ezzat/) - Amr Ezzat is a Cairo-based writer, researcher and the officer of the “freedom of religion and belief” program at the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR), a Cairo-based human rights organization. His writings regarding religious issues cover a wide range of topics such as state policies towards religion, the official policies of moderating Islamic affairs - [Egypt Lifted its State of Emergency: What Now?](https://timep.org/2021/11/10/egypt-lifted-its-state-of-emergency-what-now/) - After more than four years, Egypt has lifted its state of emergency, but concerns remain. - [Daraa: Another Example of the Regime's Failure of Reconciliation](https://timep.org/2021/10/15/daraa-another-example-of-the-regimes-failure-of-reconciliation/) - Recently, regime forces launched an attack against the Daraa al-Balad area in south Syria. The attack aimed at fully recapturing the area after it has been under the control of the locals since the June 2018 reconciliation agreement between Assad regime and opposition forces under Russian auspices. - [Two Years in Detention Without Trial: Human Rights Lawyer Mohamed El-Baqer](https://timep.org/2021/09/29/two-years-in-detention-without-trial-human-rights-lawyer-mohamed-el-baqer/) - This week marks two years since Egyptian human rights lawyer Mohamed El-Baqer was arrested. - [Layne Emery](https://timep.org/2021/01/19/layne-emery/) - Layne will be graduating from George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs with an M.A. in Middle East studies focused on U.S. foreign policy. She has conducted extensive field research on constitutional law, civil society, and the political economies of Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Egypt. Prior to attending George Washington University, Layne worked as - [The Koblenz Trial: Transitional Justice and the Work Ahead](https://timep.org/2021/07/08/the-koblenz-trial-transitional-justice-and-the-work-ahead/) - The trial in Koblenz, which led to the conviction of a former regime official earlier this year, may represent a first step, or “a drop in the ocean,” towards what it will take to achieve justice for Syrians. - [Kurdish-Kurdish Negotiations in Syria](https://timep.org/2021/05/14/kurdish-kurdish-negotiations-in-syria/) - The Kurdish political scene in Syria is led by two opposing parties, the Democratic Union Party (PYD) and the Kurdish National Council (KNC). Recently, both sides have taken steps to reconcile through direct negotiations. - [Madeleine Hall](https://timep.org/2021/01/19/madeleine-hall/) - Madeleine Hall is currently an M.A. candidate at Georgetown University’s Center for Contemporary Arab Studies. Prior to pursuing her master’s, Madeleine studied Arabic through the Critical Language Scholarship program in Ibri, Oman and the Boren Scholarship program in Amman, Jordan. She later relocated to Cairo, Egypt, where she spent two years studying Arabic through the - [TIMEP's 2021-2022 Nonresident Fellowship Cohort](https://timep.org/2021/05/19/timeps-2021-nonresident-fellowship-cohort/) - TIMEP is thrilled to announce the members of its 2021-2022 Nonresident Fellowship cohort! The fellows, based in countries around the world, bring expertise on thematic areas from public health to sexual and gender-based violence and on countries from Sudan to Syria to the TIMEP team. Throughout their one year fellowships, TIMEP’s nonresident fellows will be - [Businesses in the MENA region: What Role in Human Rights?](https://timep.org/2021/03/17/businesses-in-the-mena-region-what-role-in-human-rights/) - Businesses and business-related actors play substantial roles, both in violating human rights and in ensuring compliance with human rights norms. - [TIMEP Announces Selection of Eighth TIMEP Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellow](https://timep.org/2021/03/25/timep-announces-selection-of-eighth-timep-bassem-sabry-democracy-fellow/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is pleased to announce the selection of Mohamed Mandour as the eighth recipient of the Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship. While the traditional Bassem Sabry Fellowship in partnership with Atlas Corps brings a young professional from the MENA region to our offices in D.C. for a six-month period, - [Ten Years On: Egyptians in Exile](https://timep.org/2021/03/09/ten-years-on-egyptians-in-exile/) - In a series of short video interviews, TIMEP speaks to four Egyptians living in exile as they reflect on their participation in the January 25 Revolution, their stories of departure and exile, and how they continue finding ways to further causes from abroad. - [TIMEP Brief: Cybercrime Law](https://timep.org/2018/12/19/cybercrime-law-brief/) - Background: The Cybercrime Law went into effect after it was ratified by President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi and published in the Official Gazette edition dated August 14, 2018. Previously, the cabinet had approved the draft law and referred it to the House of Representatives in February 2018. The Communications Committee in the House debated the law - ["Freedom for the Black Gown": Egypt's Crackdown on Lawyers and the Rule of Law](https://timep.org/2019/12/10/freedom-for-the-black-gown-egypts-crackdown-on-lawyers-and-the-rule-of-law/) - In 2016, Egyptian human rights lawyers launched “Freedom for the Black Gown,” a campaign dedicated to highlighting the ongoing crackdown that had expanded to include the legal community. The campaign released a video showing prominent attorneys holding their bar association membership ID cards and demanding freedom for their detained colleagues. Today, many of the lawyers - [Egypt's Prosecution and Fair Trial Guarantees](https://timep.org/2020/05/04/egypts-prosecution-and-fair-trial-guarantees/) - In recent years prior and in the time since the approval of Egypt’s April 2019 constitutional amendments implicating prosecutorial and judicial authority, the appointment process, mandate, and authorities of the Public Prosecutor and the prosecution as a whole have continued to have significant implications for fair trial guarantees. In the culmination of six months of - [Due Process and COVID-19 in the MENA Region](https://timep.org/2020/07/24/due-process-and-covid-19-in-the-mena-region/) - As countries continue to respond to the pandemic’s spread, it is critical that governments recognize the domestic and international legal obligations that remain incumbent upon them in this moment. - [How Tunisia's Anti-Graft Law Disturbs the Process of Transitional Justice](https://timep.org/2017/06/30/how-tunisias-anti-graft-law-disturbs-the-process-of-transitional-justice/) - On May 24, 2017, as protesters walked away from Habib Bourguiba Avenue in downtown Tunis, something unusual for this northern African country was happening. Activists on social media started sharing news of several police raids targeting “big fish” businessmen and public officials. As hours passed and more prominent names joined the list of those arrested, - [We Need to Stand By Tunisian Women](https://timep.org/2017/08/31/we-need-to-stand-by-tunisian-women/) - Following mixed reactions to the Tunisian president’s call for full gender equality, Bassem Sabry Fellow Aymen Abderahmen emphasizes the importance of supporting Tunisia’s civil society. - [Tunisia’s Democratic Transition Is a Dream Deferred](https://timep.org/2017/11/01/tunisias-democratic-transition-is-a-dream-deferred/) - While Tunisia has made strides in reconciliation and areas such as women’s rights, the country’s leadership has failed to unify Tunisians in the process of reconciliation. - [Rising Fear of Security State Return in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2017/07/11/rising-fear-of-security-state-return-in-tunisia/) - A bill in Tunisia that penalizes insulting the police and armed forces or publishing reports on their activities is a cause for concern, writes Bassem Sabry Fellow Aymen Abderahmen. - [How Tunisia’s “Two Sheikhs” Sought to Halt Transitional Justice](https://timep.org/2018/12/14/how-tunisias-two-sheikhs-sought-to-halt-transitional-justice/) - In the four years since the truth commission was formed, Tunisia’s most prominent political forces—known among Tunisians as “the two sheikhs”—have worked to undermine transitional justice. - [Libyan Political Dialogue Forum Seeks Deal Amid Cautious Hope](https://timep.org/2020/12/02/libyan-political-dialogue-forum-seeks-deal-amid-cautious-hope/) - The Libyan Political Dialogue Forum, which commenced in Tunis last month, represents the latest UN-backed push to end the conflict. However, a lack of trust among Libyans in the political process and state institutions remain. - [The Jewish Quarter: A Missed Opportunity](https://timep.org/2015/07/21/the-jewish-quarter-a-missed-opportunity/) - The new Ramadan drama “Haret al-Yahud” “The Jewish Quarter” has succeeded in getting Egyptians, across religions, to agree: The show is rather mediocre. The plot— a Muslim-Jewish love story set in 1948—could have been presented in a 90-minute film, but was instead dragged out into a 20-hour-long television series. The program’s glaring flaws, from the - [On Ahmed Naji](https://timep.org/2016/02/23/on-ahmed-naji/) - The magnitude of the case of journalist and novelist Ahmed Naji was as odd as the two-year imprisonment verdict he received as a punishment for using sexually explicit language in his novel Using Life. The complainant went voluntarily and filed a complaint against Naji, claiming that he suffered from heart disorders and elevated blood pressure - [Culture in the Age of Sisi: The Continued Propaganda of Illusions](https://timep.org/2014/03/12/culture-in-the-age-of-sisi/) - Any propaganda has an expiration date, and this hysteria of a great Egypt and Sisi as its savior has no real ground to stand on. - [Egypt’s Long History of Activist Artists](https://timep.org/2014/10/21/egypts-long-history-of-activist-artists/) - Egyptian artists were deeply involved in spearheading, capturing, and influencing the January 2011 uprising. In fact, the artistic community lost one of its own when 32-year-old Ahmed Bassiouny died in the early days of the uprising while taking part in the protests. For four days, the contemporary digital artist and experimental musician documented the protests in videos, - [Art as Political Expression](https://timep.org/2014/10/31/art-as-political-expression/) - Pablo Picasso once said, “If everyone would paint, political re-education would be unnecessary.” Freedom of expression is one of the pillars of democracy – it takes on many forms and spreads on myriad platforms. Regrettably, artistic expression rarely receives the attention it deserves. The lack of in-depth political analysis of artistic expression is unfortunate, as - [Between a Rock and a Hard Place: The Fate of Revolutionary Art in Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/10/31/fate-of-revolutionary-art/) - In 2003, French philosopher Alain Badiou gave for the first time his lecture entitled “Fifteen Theories on Contemporary Art” at New York’s Drawing Center. In his lecture, Badiou explains the determining features of contemporary art, including a definition of what he calls “non-imperial art.” Badiou bases his definition on Antonio Negri’s theory of Empire as - [Sweeping victory of Nation’s Future Party Shows Return to Pre-2011 Electoral Politics](https://timep.org/2020/11/19/sweeping-victory-of-nations-future-party-shows-return-to-pre-2011-electoral-politics

/) - At the conclusion of the two stages across all of the county’s governorates, the National Elections Authority announced that the electoral list led by the Nation's Future Party had swept up the majority of votes. - [Algeria’s Worsening Crackdown on the Press Amid Transition and Pandemic](https://timep.org/2020/11/17/algerias-worsening-crackdown-on-the-press-amid-transition-and-pandemic/) - In an interview with French daily l'Opinion last month, Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune stated how "no journalist has been arrested for being a journalist"—only for “the breaching of public order.” The recent spate arrests and incarceration of journalists is a reality that is not reflected by Tebboune’s comments, and his crackdown—since taking office in December - [Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship](https://timep.org/2018/06/07/bassem-sabry-democracy-fellowship-2/) - Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship: A partnership between the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy and Atlas Corps, a leader in international exchange fellowships, in honor of the late Egyptian commentator, Bassem Sabry. The six-month residential fellowship program, supports native Middle Eastern and North African writers and analysts who have demonstrated a commitment to the promotion - [Egypt's Unprecedented Crackdown on EIPR](https://timep.org/2020/11/20/egypts-unprecedented-crackdown-on-eipr/) - A recent and unprecedented escalation against the organization threatens to have reverberating implications not only for EIPR, but civil society and the right to freedom of association at large. - [Judiciary in Kurdistan Region in Peril](https://timep.org/2019/01/11/judiciary-in-kurdistan-region-in-peril/) - Last November, one of the Kurdistan Region’s few remaining judges seen as independent announced his resignation as a member of the regional judicial council. Judge Latif Sheikh Mustafa was protesting the intervention of the region’s two main political parties, the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), in the judiciary as - [Egyptian Authorities are Denigrating the Revolution](https://timep.org/2019/01/24/egyptian-authorities-are-denigrating-the-revolution/) - Earlier this month, Judge Muhammad Shereen Fahmy of the Cairo Criminal Court sentenced Egyptian activist Ahmed Douma to 15 years in prison and a fine of six million Egyptian pounds in a retrial of the “Cabinet Clashes” case. The case dates to a December 2011 sit-in in which hundreds of peaceful protesters—many of whom had - [To Commemorate the Egyptian Revolution, Turn to Sudan](https://timep.org/2019/02/08/to-commemorate-the-egyptian-revolution-turn-to-sudan/) - When Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir visited Cairo on the week commemorating the Egyptian 2011 revolution, receiving needed public support from Egypt’s President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi during a joint press conference, I shrugged and changed the channel. Instead, I gave my undivided attention to what’s happening in Sudan. The chants. The faces, shifting from hope to - [Egypt’s Constitutional Amendments: A Nail in the Coffin of Political Pluralism](https://timep.org/2019/04/04/egypts-constitutional-amendments-a-nail-in-the-coffin-of-political-pluralism/) - The Egyptian government is currently in the midst of amending its constitution, with grave consequences for the political pluralism that blossomed in the wake of the 2011 revolution. The amendments, if passed, will allow President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi to pursue up to two consecutive six-year terms after his current term ends in 2022. - [Probation as Compounded Punishment in Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/04/10/probation-as-compounded-punishment-in-egypt/) - This week, officers went into the Dokki Police Station and threatened to send Egyptian activist and blogger Alaa Abdel Fattah back to jail if he did not stop talking about the conditions of his probation. At the end of last month, Alaa had been physically released from detention after serving a five-year sentence on charges - [The Checkered Past of Sudan’s Hemedti](https://timep.org/2019/05/29/checkered-past-of-sudans-hemedti/) - Lieutenant General Muhammad Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, is the commander of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a paramilitary force described by Human Rights Watch in a 2015 report as “Men With No Mercy” and may be the most controversial man in the TMC. - [False Hopes and False Starts: Egypt's Efforts to Modernize its Military Industry](https://timep.org/2019/07/25/egypt-modernize-military/) - EDEX was a rare opportunity for the country to showcase its military industry on the international stage. Egypt’s recent grandiose arms procurements from multiple sources, combined with aspirations of indigenous, self-sufficient arms industries, are efforts toward securing strategic and sustainable arms supplies but are likely destined to fall well short of government expectations. - [Kirkuk for Kirkukis](https://timep.org/2019/10/11/kirkuk-for-kirkukis/) - Regardless of the political outcome, Kirkukis are demanding their say in the future. Civil society, youth, and intellectuals of the city are and must be further engaged to be represented in determining their future. - [An Uphill Battle: The Truth and Dignity Report and Transitional Justice in Tunisia](https://timep.org/2019/08/21/an-uphill-battle-the-truth-and-dignity-report-and-transitional-justice-in-tunisia-2/) - The death of President Beji Caid Essebsi in July of this year and the prospect of elections in the fall leave the question open about what, if anything, will be done in the sphere of transitional justice. - [Morocco’s Unprecedented Muzzling of the Press](https://timep.org/2020/08/14/moroccos-unprecedented-muzzling-of-the-press/) - On July 29, 2020, Moroccan investigative journalist Omar Radi was transferred to Casablanca’s Oukacha prison pending trial in late September. Omar, who was summoned by the National Brigade of Judicial Police (BNPJ) for the tenth time since June 24, was immediately brought before the Court of Appeal and currently faces charges that include threatening national - [The coronavirus crisis isn’t creating new problems for Algeria—it’s exacerbating long-ignored ones](https://timep.org/2020/04/09/the-coronavirus-crisis-isnt-creating-new-problems-for-algeria-its-exacerbating-long-ignored-ones/) - To add to their long list of woes, Algerians are now fighting a new battle threatening their lives: the coronavirus. With a poor health system in place, an economy on the brink of collapse, and a government whose legitimacy has been contested over the past year, 2020 is shaping up to be a testing year for both the state and its civilians. - [Egypt’s Empowered Prosecution and Threats to Fair Trial Guarantees](https://timep.org/2020/05/04/egypts-empowered-prosecution-and-threats-to-fair-trial-guarantees/) - In recent years, the appointment, mandate, and role of the public prosecution has had a significant impact on fair trial guarantees and the rule of law more generally. - [The Role of Egypt’s Lawyers Amid State Crackdown and Prosecutorial Repression](https://timep.org/2020/05/04/the-role-of-egypts-lawyers-amid-state-crackdown-and-prosecutorial-repression/) - A general deterioration in the rule of law facilitated by a harsh security crackdown and far-reaching legislation have given way to unprecedented violations of fair trial guarantees and an increasingly hostile environment for lawyers. - [The Egyptian Prosecution: A Fact Sheet](https://timep.org/2020/05/04/the-egyptian-prosecution-a-fact-sheet/) - What is the Public Prosecution? An entity within the Egyptian judicial system that: Has sole authority to investigate crimes, indict individuals, and refer cases to trial. Initiates criminal investigations based on complaints filed by citizens, government officials, and of its own accord. Issues arrest warrants and search orders, and carries out the questioning of suspects - [COVID-19 in Yemen: A detonated bomb ](https://timep.org/2020/06/24/covid-19-in-yemen-a-detonated-bomb/) - A comprehensive multisectoral strategy is required as the spread of COVID-19 seriously threatens populations across the country. - [Egyptian Doctors in the State’s Eyes: Rhetoric Versus Reality](https://timep.org/2020/07/09/egyptian-doctors-in-the-states-eyes-rhetoric-versus-reality/) - One week before the Egyptian government eased restrictions that had been put in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly blamed the absence of “a number of doctors” from their posts at hospitals as the reason for the recent surge in the number of coronavirus fatalities. - [What can we learn from Tunisia’s COVID-19 experience?](https://timep.org/2020/07/21/what-can-we-learn-from-tunisias-covid-19-experience/) - Tunisia may not have the same resources as other nations, yet the small country proved that stringent quarantine measures, social responsibility, and a comprehensive government approach were key to its success against the spread of the virus. - [Egypt’s TikTok Crackdown and “Family Values”](https://timep.org/2020/08/13/egypts-tiktok-crackdown-and-family-values/) - This past month, the Economic Court in Cairo sentenced two women, Haneen Hossam and Mawada al-Adham, to two years in prison and a fine of 300,000 Egyptian pounds ($18,750) each, on charges of “violating family values and principles.” In a subsequent ruling, Manar Samy was sentenced to three years imprisonment and the same fine; the - [The demise of Makhlouf: A shift in Syria’s internal power dynamics](https://timep.org/2020/08/11/the-demise-of-makhlouf-a-shift-in-syrias-internal-power-dynamics/) - The demise of Makhlouf will cause a shift in internal power dynamics of the regime. - [TIMEP Brief: Executions and the Death Penalty](https://timep.org/2019/06/17/executions-and-the-death-penalty/) - Continued application of death penalty sentences and executions in cases involving significant procedural violations raise significant concerns around the rights of citizens, the state of the judiciary and its ability to dole out justice, and the stability and security of the country. - [On Sadat and Criticism in Egypt's Parliament](https://timep.org/2017/03/07/on-sadat-and-criticism-in-egypts-parliament/) - As many of the readers of this post may already be aware, Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat, head of the Reform and Development Party, former chairman of the Human Rights Committee in parliament, and founder of the Sadat Association for Development and Social Welfare was removed from his seat in parliament on February 27. He was voted - [Tiran and Sanafir in Egypt's Courts: A Messy Web of Jurisdiction](https://timep.org/2017/04/05/tiran-and-sanafir-in-egypts-courts-a-messy-web-of-jurisdiction/) - In the latest from the legal saga around the contentious Egyptian agreement transferring the Tiran and Sanafir islands to Saudi Arabia, on Sunday Egypt’s Court for Urgent Matters annulled what was supposed to be a final verdict by the Supreme Administrative Court on the matter. With multiple cases ongoing before multiple court circuits and court systems, the - [A Rights Lawyer: The Latest Target of Egypt's Terrorism Law in the Wake of the Palm Sunday Bombings](https://timep.org/2017/04/14/a-rights-lawyer-the-latest-target-of-egypts-terrorism-law-in-the-wake-of-the-palm-sunday-bombings/) - Just three days after Egypt’s President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi declared a three-month state of emergency and one day after the country’s legislature approved a number of amendments expanding temporary and administrative detention, Alexandria-based rights lawyer Mohamed Ramadan became the latest victim of the country’s Counter-terrorism Law, Law №94 of 2015. Ramadan was sentenced in absentia over his personal Facebook posts - [Tipping the Scales: Egypt's New Judicial Authorities Law](https://timep.org/2017/04/28/tipping-the-scales-egypts-new-judicial-authorities-law/) - Amendments to the Judicial Authorities Law allow the president to choose the heads of leading judicial bodies, writes TIMEP Research Associate Brad Youngblood. - [Hassm claims yet another attack](https://timep.org/2017/05/02/hassm-claims-yet-another-attack/) - TIMEP Senior Research Associate and Egypt Security Watch Project Intern Christian Barsoum review developments following an attack by the group Harikat Souad Masr, known as Hassm. - [Hassm Killings Raise Questions About Egyptian Counter-terror Practices](https://timep.org/2017/06/27/hassm-killings-raise-questions-about-egyptian-counter-terror-practices/) - TIMEP Senior Research Associate Jake Greene and Research Intern Mohammad Sarhan write about the mysterious circumstances surrounding a reported raid that raise concern over human rights violations during counter-terror operations. - [Forced Disappearances in Egypt’s Courts](https://timep.org/2017/08/02/forced-disappearances-in-egypts-courts/) - TIMEP Nonresident Fellow Mai El-Sadany reacts to a court ruling on forced disappearances that iterated that the Ministry of Interior must disclose the location of all missing persons. - [What You Need to Know About Egypt’s FY18 Appropriations](https://timep.org/2017/09/07/what-you-need-to-know-about-egypts-fy18-appropriations/) - The Senate Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs released on September 6 a summary of its fiscal year 2018 appropriations bill. - [Latest al-Qaeda Message Marks Renewed Confidence Against Islamic State](https://timep.org/2017/09/21/latest-al-qaeda-message-marks-renewed-confidence-against-islamic-state/) - TIMEP Senior Fellow Hassan Hassan examines speculation about the son of al-Qaeda’s founder being positioned to replace its aging current leader. - [The Problems with the FBI Agreement with Egypt's Anti-Corruption Agency](https://timep.org/2018/01/12/the-problems-with-the-fbi-agreement-with-egypts-anti-corruption-agency/) - TIMEP Research Assistant Brad Youngblood provides an overview of the ways that Egypt’s Administrative Control Authority has been used by the country’s government. - [A Tunisian's Perspective: Why Feminism is So Important in the United States](https://timep.org/2018/02/14/a-tunisians-perspective-why-feminism-is-so-important-in-the-untied-states/) - After seeing the Women’s March in Washington, Bassem Sabry Fellow Oumayma Ben Abdallah reflects feminism in the U.S. and the importance of continued progress in women’s rights. - [Tunisia’s Shepherds Face Both Thirst and Terrorism](https://timep.org/2018/06/29/tunisias-shepherds-face-both-thirst-and-terrorism/) - This week, Tunisia has started choosing mayors through newly elected municipal councils across the country, which Tunisians hope will end decades of economic regional inequality and poverty in the interior. Meanwhile, in Kasserine, yet another young shepherd has died after being tortured by a terrorist group on Chaambi Mountain, where he went to retrieve water. This was - [The IMF's Overly Optimistic Review of Egypt](https://timep.org/2018/08/22/the-imfs-overly-optimistic-review-of-egypt/) - In July, the IMF released its third review of the economic reform program, which, very much like the previous two reviews, was full of praise of the Egyptian authorities for the strong implementation of the economic reform program. - [TIMEP's 2020 Nonresident Fellowship Cohort](https://timep.org/2020/06/01/timeps-2020-nonresident-fellowship-cohort/) - TIMEP is thrilled to announce the members of its 2020 Nonresident Fellowship cohort! The fellows, based in countries around the world, bring expertise on a variety of thematic areas from freedom of information to digital rights and on countries across the region. Throughout their one year fellowships, TIMEP’s nonresident fellows will be producing engaging and interactive content on the top issues affecting - [COVID-19 in Syria: Short- and Long-Term Implications for a Country in Crisis](https://timep.org/2020/05/14/covid-19-in-syria-short-and-long-term-implications-for-a-country-in-crisis/) - Relative to other countries in the region, Syria is exceptionally unprepared to manage the potential of a COVID-19 outbreak. Even before the beginning of the conflict in 2011, Syria’s healthcare infrastructure, including the national health system’s capacity to prepare and respond to outbreaks, was considered below average in comparison to other MENA countries. - [How has Egypt navigated the ongoing global economic fallout as a result of COVID-19?](https://timep.org/2020/05/11/how-has-egypt-navigated-the-ongoing-global-economic-fallout-as-a-result-of-covid-19/) - No country in the world will emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic unscathed. As states and societies learn how to manage the virus and implement regulations to slow its spread, they must also devise policies to mitigate the economic impact of the crisis–an impact that has yet to be fully estimated. - [Ghuna Bdiwi](https://timep.org/2020/04/22/ghuna-bdiwi/) - غنى بديوي محامية، أنهت الدكتوراه في القانون الجنائي الدولي من جامعة يورك الكندية - مدرسة أوسغود هول للقانون، وحازت ماجستير في القانون العام وماجستير في القانون الدولي لحقوق الإنسان من جامعة يورك – قسم القانون، وحازت ماجستير في الاقتصاد وعلم المصارف من جامعة مونتسكيو بوردو الرابعة في فرنسا، ودبلوم في حلّ النزاعات والفيدرالية من جامعة - [Whose Lives Matter? An Equivocal Approach to American Detainees](https://timep.org/2020/01/29/whose-lives-matter-an-equivocal-approach-to-american-detainees/) - Kassem death is a reminder that foreign policies rooted in the American ideals of protection of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, as well as in the standards established by international laws to which the U.S. and its allies are signatory, must be unequivocally applied to allies and foes alike. This is an ethical imperative that not only protect the rights of those in the Middle East affected by U.S. policy, but also a national security imperative to protect American interests, first and foremost of which are the lives and safety of American citizens, an objective that should resonate with any policymaker. - [Egypt Parliament Watch Session IV Report: October 2018 - July 2019](https://timep.org/2019/12/13/egypt-parliament-watch-session-iv-report-october-2018-july-2019/) - This report serves as the fourth full session report in the ongoing Egypt Parliament Watch project and provides analysis on the parliament with sections on parliamentary performance and legislation, along with appendices detailing a timeline of the fourth session and the report’s methodology. - [How the Egyptian State Codifies Media Censorship](https://timep.org/2019/12/09/how-the-egyptian-state-codifies-media-censorship/) - A stifling and restrictive environment for freedom of expression and the press in Egypt is visible in the way journalists and media workers find themselves caught in an intricate and complex web of bureaucratic measures, laws and regulations whose primary function is to impede independent, critical reporting and entrench the state’s censorship over content to ultimately establish control over narrative. - [TIMEP Brief: Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam](https://timep.org/2019/12/09/timep-brief-grand-ethiopian-renaissance-dam/) - The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, a 6,500-megawatt hydroelectric power plant being constructed in Ethiopia, has been a major point of contention between Egypt and its southern neighbors. - [International Influences Affecting Sudan's Post-Revolution Transition](https://timep.org/2019/12/04/international-influences-affecting-sudans-post-revolution-transition/) - Prior to the constitutional declaration of August 2019, regional actors aligned themselves with Sudan’s ruling Transitional Military Council (TMC), some of whose members remain on the Sovereign Council, to promote their respective national interests. Most of these engagements ultimately proved destabilizing for the country in transition, and questions persist about the direction of Sudan in light of the various international influences. - [TIMEP Brief: China's Role in Egypt's Economy](https://timep.org/2019/11/21/timep-brief-chinas-role-in-egypts-economy/) - China’s interests in Egypt have brought valuable revenue into the country, but their long-term social impact is unclear, and the strengthening of ties may facilitate rights abuses as China has interrogated and repatriated members of its Muslim Uighur community from Egypt. - [Attempting Justice within Conflict: How Has Syria Influenced the Contemporary Conceptions of Transitional Justice?](https://timep.org/2019/11/08/attempting-justice-within-conflict-how-has-syria-influenced-the-contemporary-conceptions-of-transitional-justice/) - Syria is a society in the midst of ongoing conflict with no clear political prospect of an end in sight. Heinous crimes have been committed and continue to be committed by the different warring parties throughout the country. Many attempts have been made to find a political solution to the vicious war, but all have - [Ensuring Effective Democratic and Human Rights Benchmarks for U.S. Foreign Aid](https://timep.org/2019/10/25/ensuring-effective-democratic-and-human-rights-benchmarks-for-u-s-foreign-aid/) - A more effective and consistent approach would be if Congress establishes a commission made up of human rights and democracy experts, half chosen by the administration and half chosen by Congress, with the entire group subject to Senate confirmation, to judge whether countries have met the benchmarks. - [TIMEP Brief: Use of Surveillance Technology in MENA](https://timep.org/2019/10/23/timep-brief-use-of-surveillance-technology-in-mena/) - MENA governments continue to purchase, weaponize, and employ surveillance technology, regardless of the fact that abuses related to use have been credibly documented. - [TIMEP Brief: Export of Surveillance to MENA Countries](https://timep.org/2019/10/23/timep-brief-export-of-surveillance-to-mena-countries/) - The export of surveillance technology to MENA governments has led to violations of the rights to life, privacy, and freedom of speech, among others, imperiling journalists, activists, and researchers. - [TIMEP Announces Selection of Seventh TIMEP–Atlas Corps Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellow](https://timep.org/2019/10/11/timep-announces-selection-of-seventh-timep-atlas-corps-bassem-sabry-democracy-fellow/) - The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is pleased to announce the selection of Nourhan Fahmy as the recipient of the Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship. Ms. Fahmy is the seventh recipient of the fellowship and will undertake research on judicial independence and mechanisms in Egypt when she commences in October 2019. You can read - [ESW Week in Brief: September 14–20, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/09/20/esw-week-in-brief-september-14-september-20-2019/) - In at least three counter-terrorism raids reported across Egypt, the Ministry of Interior killed at least 12 individuals and Wilayat Sinai reported attacks in Arish and Sheikh Zuweid, including one that it claimed had killed five officers. - [ESW Week in Brief: September 7–13, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/09/13/esw-week-in-brief-september-7-september-13-2019-2/) - In its weekly al-Naba newsletter, the Islamic State reported that its Sinai branch had carried out 228 attacks in the previous year; TIMEP recorded 167 attacks claimed by the Islamic State’s Sinai-based affiliate during that period and Wilayat Sinai continued to claim attacks in North Sinai, using an RPG to target a military tank and engaging in clashes south of Sheikh Zuweid. - [ESW Week in Brief: August 31–September 6, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/09/06/esw-week-in-brief-august-31-september-6-2019/) - A 27-year-old woman was killed in Sheikh Zuweid in a continuing trend of fatalities and injuries due to stray bullets in North Sinai. No individual has claimed responsibility or been held accountable, and Wilayat Sinai continued its insurgency efforts, attacking Egypt’s Saeqa special forces and an M60 tank and engaging in clashes near Sheikh Zuweid. - [ESW Week in Brief: August 24–30, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/30/esw-week-in-brief-august-24-30-2019/) - Civilian fatalities continued in North Sinai, as Mada Masr reported that four children were injured by unmarked improvised explosive device in Sheikh Zuweid and a man was killed after being caught in the crossfire between the military and militants in Bir al-Abd. - [TIMEP Brief: Detention Conditions in Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/08/29/timep-brief-detention-conditions-in-egypt/) - The poor state of Egyptian detention centers, combined with the mass incarceration that Egypt has seen in recent years, constitutes violations of human rights en masse, without access to justice, further normalizing and entrenching these abject conditions. - [ESW Week in Brief: August 17–23, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/23/esw-week-in-brief-august-17-23-2019/) - Agence France-Presse reported that Chinese officials questioned Uighurs detained in Egypt’s Tora Prison, and the Sinai Tribes Union reported that two officers and four soldiers involved in stray-bullet incidents were called to the Military Judicial Department for investigation. - [ESW Week in Brief: August 10–16, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/16/esw-week-in-brief-august-10-16-2019/) - A report on Twitter said that 17 suspected Wilayat Sinai militants were killed in strikes by the Egyptian Air Force southwest of Sheikh Zuweid and Arish. Wilayat Sinai claimed responsibility for two attacks this week and released photos depicting its members observing Eid al-Adha. - [ESW Week in Brief: August 3–9, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/09/esw-week-in-brief-august-3-9-2019/) - This week, a car blast outside the National Cancer Institute in central Cairo killed 20 and injured 47. The Egyptian Ministry of Interior accused Hassm militant Abdel Rahman Khaled Mahmoud Abdel Rahman of perpetrating the attack, but the group denied any responsibility. - [ESW Week in Brief: July 27–August 2, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/02/esw-week-in-brief-july-27-august-2-2019/) - Wilayat Sinai claimed responsibility for an IED attack that allegedly killed and injured ten Egyptian soldiers and Egyptian Minister of Defense Muhammad Zaki met with U.S. Secretary of Defense Mark Esper. - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: July 2019](https://timep.org/2019/08/01/timep-monthly-briefs-july-2019/) - This monthly compilation of TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: July 20–26, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/26/esw-week-in-brief-july-20-july-26-2019/) - The Giza Criminal Court sentenced 14 people to prison on charges that they had joined the Islamic State as part of the “ISIS Students Cell” case. - [Egypt Defence Review](https://timep.org/2019/07/24/egypt-defence-review/) - [ESW Week in Brief: July 13–19, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/19/esw-week-in-brief-july-15-july-19-2019/) - Kuwait deported eight men to Egypt, amid public condemnation, over terror-related charges stemming from Muslim Brotherhood links and the assassination of Egyptian Prosecutor-General Hisham Barakat in 2015. - [TIMEP Brief: Accountability in U.S. Arms Transfers](https://timep.org/2019/06/10/accountability-in-arms-transfers/) - In their current form, legal mechanisms for accountability in arms transfers (namely the AECA, FAA and Leahy Law) are weakened by policies that regularly place human rights, application of the law, and long-term stability aside in favor of short-term national security objectives - [TIMEP Brief: LGBTQ Human Rights in Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/07/17/timep-brief-lgbtq-human-rights-in-egypt/) - Systematic violation of the human rights of Egypt’s LGBTQ persons under the watch of the Egyptian government occurs in deliberate disregard for the country’s constitution and international legal obligations. - [TIMEP Joins CIVICUS Statement: There can be no sustainable development without respect for human rights](https://timep.org/2019/07/16/timep-joins-civicus-statement-there-can-be-no-sustainable-development-without-respect-for-human-rights/) - As the High-Level Political Forum (HLPF), the United Nation’s primary space for review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), meets in New York through July 18, 2019, the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) adds its voice to a statement signed by over 350 civil society organizations - [ESW Week in Brief: June 28–July 12, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/12/esw-week-in-brief-june-28-july-12-2019/) - Wilayat Sinai claimed two attacks over the past two weeks. Three unclaimed terrorist incidents were also reported. - [Egypt's Diversifying Insurgency](https://timep.org/2017/12/01/egypts-diversifying-insurgency/) - On two Fridays about a month apart, Egypt faced two of the worst terrorist attacks in its modern history. The attacks typify the diversifying threats this country is facing. - [Egypt’s Elections on Pause](https://timep.org/2015/03/06/egypts-elections-on-pause/) - With so many provisions littering Egypt’s legal landscape (many of which contain broad language and allow various bodies wide discretion), Egypt manages to combine a legalistic order with an uncertain one. Senior officials sometimes fall victim to this pattern as well; those who drafted Egypt’s parliamentary election law last year are the latest to encounter - [How a State of Emergency Became Egypt’s New Normal](https://timep.org/2017/11/08/how-a-state-of-emergency-became-egypts-new-normal/) - This article first appeared on the Washington Post‘s Monkey Cage blog. It is republished here with their kind permission. - [Special Issue: Moral Policing and Prosecuting Belief in Egypt](https://timep.org/2014/08/08/special-issue-moral-policing-prosecuting-belief-egypt/) - Nearly two months into the presidency of Abdel-Fattah El Sisi, the character of the Sisi era of governance is beginning to take shape. While many believe it is yet early to make judgments, certain emerging developments set benchmarks by which to compare and assess future trends. Undoubtedly, Sisi is faced with significant social, economic, and - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: June 2019](https://timep.org/2019/07/01/timep-monthly-briefs-june-2019/) - This monthly compilation of TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: June 21–27, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/28/esw-week-in-brief-june-21-27-2019/) - Wilayat Sinai claimed five attacks on various targets throughout North Sinai, bringing the monthly total for June to 20 attacks reported to date. - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: March 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/08/timep-monthly-briefs-march-2019/) - This monthly compilation of TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: February 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/04/timep-monthly-briefs-february-2019/) - This monthly compilation of TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: June 15–21, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/21/esw-week-in-brief-june-15-21/) - Wilayat Sinai released a short video stating their continued allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of the Islamic State, and naming a new senior figure, Abu Jafr al-Ansari. - [ESW Week in Brief: June 8–14, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/14/esw-week-in-brief-june-8-june-14/) - Militants reportedly kidnapped at least 11 civilians in two incidents near Arish and Wilayat Sinai claimed three improvised explosive device (IED) attacks in North Sinai this week. - [TIMEP Brief: Press Freedom in Egypt](https://timep.org/2019/05/24/timep-brief-press-freedom-in-egypt/) - The severe erosion of press freedom in Egypt has significant destabilizing implications, in the political, economic, security, and social realms. The government’s attempts to control public space ultimately do not allow for investigation into legitimate concerns - [ESW Week in Brief: June 1–7, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/07/esw-week-in-brief-june-1-7/) - Wilayat Sinai claimed responsibility for four attacks this week, including a raid on Arish’s Batal-14 checkpoint which the group claims killed 10 members of Egypt’s Central Security Forces. - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: May 2019](https://timep.org/2019/06/05/timep-monthly-briefs-may-2019/) - This monthly compilation of TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: May 25-31, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/31/esw-week-in-brief-may-25-31/) - On May 28, the Libyan National Army (LNA) extradited Hisham Ashmawy to Egypt. The LNA transferred Ashmawy to Egypt’s General Intelligence Directorate (GID) following a meeting between GID Director Major General Abbas Kamal and Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar. - [Egypt’s Ad Campaign for Investment Law Glosses over Economic Challenges](https://timep.org/2017/07/20/egypts-ad-campaign-for-investment-law-glosses-over-economic-challenges/) - A television commercial showed beautiful young people walking out on their daily jobs, launching a homemade jam company, a food truck, or a designer furniture store. A voiceover promised that the new investment law will give “exceptional incentives to small companies, especially youth, women, entrepreneurs, and startups.” The unusual advertisement, which began airing during evening - [ESW Week in Brief: May 18-24, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/24/esw-week-in-brief-may-18-24/) - On May 16, the Armed Forces’ General Command issued an update on the Sinai Peninsula, claiming that 47 individuals were killed in counter-terror operations and another 158 arrested over a span of about two months. - [Social Stigma Enables Egypt’s Attack on LGBT Community](https://timep.org/2017/10/30/social-stigma-enables-egypts-attack-on-lgbt-community/) - The apparent human rights violations practiced by Egyptian authorities against LGBT individuals and others arrested for publicly demonstrating their rights cannot be ignored. - [ESW Week in Brief: May 11-17, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/17/esw-week-in-brief-may-11-17/) - On May 16, the Armed Forces’ General Command issued an update on the Sinai Peninsula, claiming that 47 individuals were killed in counter-terror operations and another 158 arrested over a span of about two months. - [Coverage Compilation: Analyzing Egypt's Constitutional Amendments, Process and Implications](https://timep.org/2019/05/13/coverage-compilation-analyzing-egypts-constitutional-amendments/) - Egypt's 2019 constitutional amendments contribute to preexisting trends of an eroding rule of law, a shrinking public sphere, and a consolidation of executive and military authority. TIMEP coverage of the constitutional amendments, listed and summarized here, provides context and analysis on the text of the amendments, developments around the amendment process, and their implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: May 4-10, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/10/esw-week-in-brief-may-4-10/) - On May 7, Egypt’s Court of Cassation rejected an appeal of a 2017 ruling that sentenced 13 individuals convicted of belonging to Ajnad Masr to death - [ESW Week in Brief: April 27-May 3, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/03/esw-week-in-brief-april-27-may-3/) - On April 28, Wilayat Sinai claimed an IED attack targeting a mine-resistant, ambush-protected vehicle (MRAP) near Rafah. - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: April 2019](https://timep.org/2019/05/02/timep-monthly-briefs-april-2019/) - This monthly compilation of TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: March 30-April 5, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/05/esw-week-in-brief-march-30-april-5/) - A three-and-half-minute video, released by Egypt’s Interior Ministry, showed footage of the new, elite counter-terrorism Black Cobra force, to operate under the Central Security Forces (CSF) branch of the ministry. - [ESW Week in Brief: April 6-12, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/12/esw-week-in-brief-april-6-12/) - On April 9, Wilayat Sinai claimed responsibility for a suicide attack targeting an Egyptian police foot patrol in Sheikh Zuweid’s Tuesday market. - [ESW Week in Brief: April 13-19, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/19/esw-week-in-brief-april-13-19/) - Security forces placed Arish on lockdown after intelligence reports indicated that militants had infiltrated the city center and Wilayat Sinai claimed responsibility for an April 12 suicide operation which reportedly killed two militants and wounded three police forces. - [ESW Week in Brief: April 20-26, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/04/26/esw-week-in-brief-april-20-26/) - Wilayat Sinai claimed responsibility for an improvised explosive device (IED) attack targeting pro-government tribal elements in Rafah and an IED attack in Arish targeting soldiers. - [Infographic: Reparations in the Wake of Egypt’s Revolution](https://timep.org/2019/04/03/infographic-reparations/) - Our infographic provides a brief snapshot into the central entity established by Egyptian authorities in the wake of the January 25 Revolution to be responsible for reparations, - [Reparations as a Transitional Justice Mechanism](https://timep.org/2019/04/03/reparations-as-a-transitional-justice-mechanism/) - Amid or subsequent to a period of conflict or repression, acknowledging victims’ need for justice via compensation in both a symbolic and actual way is an important means through which the state can take some form of responsibility for the violations that it either committed or failed to prevent. - [ESW Week in Brief: March 23-29, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/29/esw-week-in-brief-march-23-29/) - Wilayat Sinai released a 14 minute video and claimed responsibility for five attacks in North Sinai province, the most attacks claimed in a week since January. - [ESW Week in Brief: March 9-22, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/22/esw-week-in-brief-march-9-22/) - A March 11 statement issued by the Egyptian Armed Forces said that 46 suspected terrorists had been killed and another 100 were arrested in north and central Sinai. The statement also reported that the military destroyed 15 suspected terrorist hideouts. The statement said that three Egyptian soldiers had been killed in combat over the unspecified reporting period. The last update from the military came in January and was the first to omit the use of Operation Sinai 2018 to refer to Egypt’s counter-terrorism efforts. This statement was presented in a similar format and also did not name a corresponding operation for the activities it described. - [ESW Week in Brief: March 2-8, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/08/esw-week-in-brief-march-2-8/) - On March 7, Egyptian interior ministry forces killed seven alleged Hassm members after intercepting a van transporting explosives and nine tunnels connecting North Sinai with Gaza were destroyed by counterterrorism forces and military engineers. - [ESW Week in Brief: February 23-March 1, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/03/01/esw-week-in-brief-feb23-march1/) - In an attempt to deescalate tensions between Hamas and Israel, Egypt released four members of Hamas’ military wing, Qassam Brigades, who were in Egyptian custody after their abduction by masked men in Egypt in 2015. - [TIMEP Brief: Case 173: Egypt's Foreign Funding Case](https://timep.org/2019/02/28/timep-brief-case-173-egypts-foreign-funding-case/) - Summary: On December 20, 2018, the defendants in Case 173, popularly known as Egypt’s foreign funding case, were acquitted in a widely anticipated retrial. The case dates to 2011, when security personnel raided the headquarters of multiple foreign nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Following prosecution in June 2013, 43 Egyptian and non-Egyptian civil society workers, including 16 - [ESW Week in Brief: February 16–22, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/22/esw-week-in-brief-february-16-22-2019/) - Summary After allegedly planting two improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Giza Square on February 15, an individual named al-Hassan Abdullah detonated an IED in al-Darb al-Ahmar on February 18, killing three policemen. In their largest attack yet this year, Wilayat Sinai claimed a raid on a military checkpoint near the Arish airport, and reported that - [TIMEP Monthly Briefs: January 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/11/timep-monthly-briefs-january-2019/) - This compilation of January's TIMEP briefs offers succinct, policy-relevant information on regional issues, laws, and policies, highlighting the context in which developments occur, their trajectories, and implications. - [ESW Week in Brief: February 9 - February 15, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/15/esw-month-in-brief-february-9-february-15-2019/) - Summary Egyptian Defense Minister General Muhammad Zaki met with US CENTCOM Commander General Joseph Votel in Cairo. A Hamas officer died after Egyptian security forces pumped toxic gas into a smuggling tunnel. An emergency responder was killed during the rescue attempt. Wilayat Sinai claimed four attacks throughout North Sinai. Twitter reports of counterterrorism raid said - [TIMEP Brief: Fiscal Year 2019 Appropriations to Egypt](https://timep.org/2018/09/04/timep-brief-fiscal-year-2019-appropriations-to-egypt/) - In August 2018 alone, the Trump administration released nearly $400 million in withheld military assistance to Egypt ($195 million in FY16 and $195 million in FY17). - [TIMEP Brief: U.S. Release of $195 Million in Military Assistance to Egypt](https://timep.org/2018/08/08/timep-brief-u-s-release-of-195-million-in-military-assistance-to-egypt/) - The sum had been withheld in August 2017 on the basis of Egypt’s law on nongovernmental organizations, relations with North Korea, and the unresolved 2012–13 NGO trial. - [ESW Week in Brief: January 25 - February 1, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/01/esw-month-in-brief-january-25-february-1-2019/) - Summary Egypt’s Interior Ministry said that it had arrested 54 alleged Muslim Brotherhood members on accusations of plotting operations to coincide with the anniversary of the January 25 Revolution. On January 23, Hassm claimed responsibility for a failed IED attack in Giza. On January 26, the military spokesman said that the armed forces had killed - [ESW Week in Brief: February 2 - February 8, 2019](https://timep.org/2019/02/08/esw-month-in-brief-february-2-february-8-2019/) - Summary Four new claimed and unclaimed terror operations in Egypt were reported, including a rare attack reported outside of North Sinai, in Egypt’s New Valley governorate. Three counter-terror operations were reported across Egypt, killing a total of 25 individuals. The Islamic State highlighted buffer zone formation on the Egypt-Gaza border. 274 Egyptians were arrested after - [Superficial Gains, but No Lasting Success in Sinai 2018](https://timep.org/2019/02/07/superficial-gains-but-no-lasting-success-in-sinai-2018/) - On February 9 last year, the Egyptian military spokesman announced the launch of “Comprehensive Military Operation Sinai 2018.” The operation, which involved the army, navy, air force, border patrol, and police forces, began after a speech in late December 2017, after a deadly attack on a mosque in Rawda, North Sinai. In his speech, Egyptian - [TIMEP Brief: Potential Changes to Egypt’s Presidential Term Limits](https://timep.org/2019/02/05/timep-brief-potential-changes-to-egypts-presidential-term-limits/) - These constitutional amendments would extend presidential terms to six years and allow presidents to be reelected once. These initiatives raise significant concerns about constitutionally protected democratic principles, rights, and freedoms, and risk further enshrining a system of authoritarian rule. - [TIMEP Brief: Right to Housing in Egypt](https://timep.org/2018/12/17/timep-brief-right-to-housing-in-egypt/) - The right to housing in Egypt has been marred by issues of access to adequate housing, as well as forced eviction, at the hands of both the government and other citizens. - [ESW Month in Brief: January 2019](https://timep.org/2019/01/25/esw-month-in-brief-january-2019/) - Summary On December 28, Egypt’s Ministry of the Interior said an improvised explosive device (IED) attack on a tour bus in the Haram neighborhood of Giza killed three Vietnamese tourists and an Egyptian tour director. A January update from the Egyptian military spokesman on counter-terrorism efforts ambiguously signaled the end of Operation Sinai 2018, when a report on operations made - [ESW Week in Brief: December 10 – December 17, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/12/17/esw-week-in-brief-december-10-december-17-2018-2-2-2/) - On December 16, an army captain and sergeant were reported to have been killed when an IED detonated during a counter-terrorism raid in central Sinai. - [TIMEP Brief: Freedom of Association](https://timep.org/2018/12/12/timep-brief-freedom-of-association/) - Egypt severely restricts freedom of association, despite the protections of the right in the Egyptian Constitution. - [ESW Week in Brief: December 4 – December 8, 2018](https://timep.org/2018/12/10/esw-week-in-brief-december-4-december-8-2018-2-2/) - Three counter-terror operations on December 5, 6, and 8 in Egypt’s Western Desert resulted in the deaths of 15 militants, including two suspected of involvement in the November 2 Minya attack. - [How Egypt Deals with Informal Areas](https://timep.org/2018/12/04/how-egypt-deals-with-informal-areas/) - Egypt’s Informal Settlements Development Fund has launched various projects to map out informal areas and plan related intervention policies. Such interventions, however, had a detrimental effect on the social and economic conditions of people living in these unsafe areas. ## Pages - [Contributors](https://timep.org/contributors/) - [Bassem Sabry Fellowship](https://timep.org/bassem-sabry-fellowship/) - TIMEP established the Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship in 2014 to honor the late Bassem Sabry, a writer and commentator on Egyptian and regional politics. Sabry’s balanced writing and commentary throughout the 2011 Egyptian revolution and following the overthrow of Hosni Mubarak earned wide praise and attracted a global audience; his remarkable character and skill at - [Sarah Hegazi Fellowship](https://timep.org/sarah-hegazi-fellowship/) - About Sarah Hegazi In Egypt, Sarah was a member of the democratic socialist Bread and Freedom Party and a vocal advocate on key issues, including the release of political detainees and against the application of the death penalty. She was an outspoken and strong ally of movements for freedom across the MENA region, including in - [Mohamed Aboelgheit Fellowship](https://timep.org/mohamed-aboelgheit-fellowship/) - About Mohamed Aboelgheit Formerly trained as a medical doctor, Mohamed decided to pursue journalism after his viral blog posts caught media interest and generated widespread public discussion during the Egyptian revolution of 2011. Mohamed worked as a producer in ONTV and Al-Araby TV. He published work in many outlets both inside and outside of Egypt, - [Nonresident Fellowship](https://timep.org/nonresident-fellowship/) - TIMEP’s Nonresident Fellowship program supports advocates, scholars, and analysts based on the ground in the MENA region or with significant ties to the region whose work advances the accountable, transparent, and just societies that TIMEP is committed to fostering. TIMEP recruits many of its nonresident fellows in an annual cohort, creating a unique opportunity for - [Press Room](https://timep.org/press-room/) - Interviews and Expert Commentary Our staff and fellows are happy to share their expertise with members of the media, provide context and analysis around breaking news, and highlight often-overlooked stories that should be heard globally. The best way to get in touch with a TIMEP expert is to send a message to press@timep.org. - [About us](https://timep.org/about-us/) - Who are we? What do we do? The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is a non-profit (501(c)(3)) that works to center advocates and experts from and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region in the policy discourse to foster transparent, accountable, and just societies. Inspired by the changemakers who peacefully took - [Write for Us](https://timep.org/write-for-us/) - TIMEP is committed to cultivating a space for diverse and engaging dialogue, analysis, and scholarship that is solutions-oriented, policy relevant, and deeply connected to priorities on the ground. We are always on the lookout for external contributors to submit pitches for potential analysis, explainers, stories, and first-person essays. TIMEP's mandate covers North Africa and the - [Jobs & Fellowships](https://timep.org/jobs-fellowships/) - Thank you for your interest in working at The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy. Information on what to include in your application is included in the position description. Please note that we only accept application materials for the openings listed below. Any applications sent that are not in response to a listed opening will not be retained. - [Legal Unit](https://timep.org/legal-unit/) - TIMEP’s Legal Unit leverages the law as a tool for transformative change in the MENA region to foster transparent, accountable, and just societies. It does so first by working to make the law accessible, understandable, and actionable for lawyers and non-lawyers alike. It commits to ensuring that lawyers and justice advocates have access to the - [عربي](https://timep.org/arabic-page/) - [Internships](https://timep.org/internships/) - [pressletter](https://timep.org/pressletter/) - [Search](https://timep.org/search/) - [Projects and reports](https://timep.org/projects-and-reports/) - [Newsletter](https://timep.org/newsletter/) - [Events](https://timep.org/events/) - [Donate](https://timep.org/donate/) - [Fellowships](https://timep.org/fellowships/) - TIMEP’s fellowship programs are an investment in the future. They provide early and mid-career voices with a space to develop solutions-oriented, forward-thinking analysis; access to a global network of like-minded individuals and organizations; connectivity to policymakers; and targeted skill building opportunities. The Bassem Sabry Democracy Fellowship gives rising stars the opportunity to spend six months - [Analysis](https://timep.org/analysis/) ## post-Arabic - [تصنيف الضحايا في سوريا: نحو تعميم العدالة الانتقالية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تصنيف-الضحايا-في-سوريا-نحو-تعميم-العدا/) - يُعد التصنيف الدقيق للضحايا شرطًا أساسيًا لنجاح العدالة الانتقالية في سوريا وجبر الضرر ومنع تكرار الانتهاكات. - [عالقات في المجهول: التحديات القانونية والاجتماعية لزوجات المختفين في سوريا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عالقات-في-المجهول-التحديات-القانونية/) - لا تزال زوجات المختفين في سوريا محرومات من الحقوق والحماية، في ظل غياب إصلاحات عاجلة تمنع إعادة إنتاج الظلم والتهميش. - [في دايرة الرحلة: كيف يتم إفقار وإذلال أهالي السجناء في مصر؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/في-دايرة-الرحلة-كيف-يتم-إفقار-وإذلال-أه/) - تحولت زيارة السجناء في مصر من حق إنساني إلى عبء نفسي ومادي على الأسر، في تجربة تعكس عقابًا ممتدًا يتجاوز أسوار السجن. - [انتخابات برلمان 2025: محطة لإعادة إنتاج السلطة في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/انتخابات-برلمان-2025-محطة-لإعادة-إنتاج-ال/) - سيكون للبرلمان الذي سيُنْتَخَب الشهر الحالي دورًا مهمًا في المشهد السياسي خلال السنوات القادمة مع انتهاء ولاية عبد الفتاح السيسي الثالثة والأخيرة عام 2030. - [المحاكمات عن بُعد في مصر وتونس: تحليل للواقع القانوني والممارسة في ضوء المعايير الدولية للمحاكمة العادلة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/المحاكمات-عن-بُعد-في-مصر-وتونس-تحليل-لل/) - يمكن للتقنيات الحديثة أن تعزز كفاءة مرفق القضاء، لكنها قد تتحول أيضًا لأداة لتقييد الحقوق. تقيّم هذه الورقة مدى انسجام أنظمة المحاكمات عن بُعد المُطبقة في تونس ومصر مع معايير حقوق الإنسان وضمانات المحاكمة العادلة. - [قراءة في القضايا المرفوعة ضد رياض سلامة في لبنان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قراءة-في-القضايا-المرفوعة-ضد-رياض-سلام/) - أُفرج مؤخراً عن حاكم مصرف لبنان السابق رياض سلامة بعد أن قضى عاماً في الحبس الاحتياطي على خلفية اتهامات بالاختلاس. فيما يلي عرض لأبرز القضايا المرفوعة ضده داخل لبنان. - [منظمات حقوقية مصرية ودولية ترحب بقرار عدم التصديق على مشروع قانون الإجراءات الجنائية ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/منظمات-حقوقية-مصرية-ودولية-ترحب-بقرار/) - ترحب منظمات المجتمع المدني المصرية والدولية الموقعة أدناه بقرار الرئيس عبد الفتاح السيسي عدم التصديق على مشروع قانون الإجراءات الجنائية، ورده إلى مجلس النواب لبحث الاعتراضات على مواده. - [آن الأوان للاعتراف بتفجير مرفأ بيروت ككارثة وطنية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/آن-الأوان-للاعتراف-بتفجير-مرفأ-بيروت-ك/) - أجرى معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط مقابلة مع تانيا ضو علم، وهي محامية لبنانية فقدت زوجها جان-فريدريك علم في تفجير مرفأ بيروت، و مازالت منذ ذلك اليوم تناضل من أجل الحقيقة والمساءلة. - [تفجير مرفأ بيروت في أروقة القضاء الأميركي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تفجير-مرفأ-بيروت-في-أروقة-القضاء-الأمي/) - بعد مرور ما يقرب من عامين على تفجير مرفأ بيروت، لجأ تسعة من ضحايا الحادث إلى المحاكم الأمريكية بحثًا عن العدالة. - [أزمات وتعطل وأجور متدنية: سؤال وجواب عن القضاء اللبناني](https://timep.org/post-arabic/أزمات-وتعطل-وأجور-متدنية-سؤال-وجواب-عن/) - ما بين التدخلات السياسية، ونقص المستلزمات، واضراب العاملين بسبب تدني الأجور، يعاني القضاء اللبناني من أزمات متشعبة ومتنوعة تغذي تدهور الثقة في الدولة ومبدأ سيادة القانون - [ملف قضية: سارة كوبلاند وآخرون ضد شركة 'TGS ASA' وآخرون](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ملف-قضية-سارة-كوبلاند-وآخرون-ضد-شركة-tgs-asa/) - المدّعون: تسعة من ضحايا تفجير مرفأ بيروت المدّعى عليهم: شركة TGS ASA وشركة TGS-NOPEC Geophysical المحكمة: محكمة مقاطعة هاريس (ولاية تكساس، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية) في نوفمبر/تشرين الثاني 2013، رست الباخرة روسوس (Rhosus) في مرفأ بيروت وعلى متنها 2,750 طنًا من نترات الأمونيوم ذات الدرجة العسكرية، والتي كانت، على ما يُدّعى، متجهة إلى موزمبيق. استنادًا إلى - [ملف قضية: نقابة المحامين في بيروت وآخرون ضد شركة سافارو ليميتد](https://timep.org/post-arabic/القضية-نقابة-المحامين-في-بيروت-وآخرون/) - في أغسطس/آب 2021، رفعت نقابة المحامين في بيروت، بالاشتراك مع عدد من عائلات ضحايا الانفجار، دعوى مدنية ضد شركة سافارو المحدودة أمام محكمة العدل العليا في لندن. - [يجب على تونس إلغاء الحكم الصادر ضد رملة الدهماني والتوقف عن استخدام المرسوم رقم 54 في قمع حرية التعبير](https://timep.org/post-arabic/يجب-على-تونس-إلغاء-الحكم-الصادر-ضد-رملة/) - منظمات حقوقية تدين الحكم الصادر بحق رملة الدهماني بموجب المرسوم 54 باعتباره تصعيدًا خطيرًا في استهداف المدافعات عن حقوق الإنسان وتجريم التضامن - [الإيجار القديم في مصر: من يملك مفتاح السكن؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الإيجار-القديم-في-مصر-من-يملك-مفتاح-الس/) - يتصاعد الجدل حول تعديل قانون "الإيجار القديم" في مصر، حيث تصطدم حقوق ملايين المستأجرين المهددين بالتشريد مع مطالب مُلاك العقارات بالعدالة الاقتصادية. - [فرص نادرة وتحديات متشابكة: الحكومة السورية في مفترق طرق](https://timep.org/post-arabic/فرص-نادرة-وتحديات-متشابكة-الحكومة-الس/) - تواجه الحكومة السورية الجديدة مزيجًا معقدًا من التحديات الأمنية والسياسية والاقتصادية، وسط تحولات إقليمية ودولية متسارعة - [تحت الحصار: كيف دمّرت خطط التطوير حياة سكان جزيرة الورّاق؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تحت-الحصار-كيف-دمّرت-خطط-التطوير-حياة-س/) - في قلب القاهرة الكبرى، يخوض سكان جزيرة ”الورّاق“ من المزارعين والصيادين والحرفيين معركة بقاء للحفاظ على أرضهم، ونمط حياتهم، في وجه مخططات التطوير العمراني الحكومية. - [انطلاق برنامج الزمالة لغير المقيمين لعام 2025-2026 بمعهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط](https://timep.org/post-arabic/انطلاق-برنامج-الزمالة-لغير-المقيمين-ل/) - يسر معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط أن يعلن عن انطلاق الدفعة الجديدة لبرنامج الزمالة لغير المقيمين لعام 2025-2026، والتي تضم أحد عشر زميلًا وزميلة من ألمع الأصوات الناشطة في مجال السياسات العامة في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا. بينما تخوض كل من سوريا ولبنان مهمة مصيرية لإعادة بناء الدولة وإعمار البلاد؛ وتستمر الحرب على المدنيين - [رسالة مشتركة: احموا التحقيق في انفجار مرفأ بيروت](https://timep.org/post-arabic/رسالة-مشتركة-احموا-التحقيق-في-انفجار-م/) - دولة رئيس مجلس الوزراء نوّاف سلام المحترم، معالي وزير العدل عادل نصّار المحترم، تحية طيبة وبعد، نحن، الموقعون أدناه، منظمات حقوقية محلية ودولية، وعائلات ضحايا انفجار مرفأ بيروت في أغسطس/آب 2020، نكتب إليكم لنحثّكم على اتخاذ جميع الإجراءات الضرورية لضمان متابعة التحقيق في انفجار مرفأ بيروت بدون التدخل أو التعطيل غير المبرّر من قِبل القادة - [خسائر سياسية واقتصادية: فرص مصر الضائعة في صناعة الترفيه الحديث](https://timep.org/post-arabic/خسائر-سياسية-واقتصادية-فرص-مصر-الضائع/) - تراجع مصر في الصناعات الترفيهية لا يعني خسارة ”قوتها الناعمة“ في المنطقة فحسب، بل يضيع عليها فرصاً اقتصادية ضخمة كان يمكن استغلالها بتحرير السوق وتحديث البنية التحتية - [تضامُنًا مع ”درج“ و”ميغافون“ في وجه الحملة الممنهجة لإسكاتهما](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تضامُنًا-مع-درج-وميغافون-في-وجه/) - ينضم معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط إلى 59 شريكًا في التضامن مع منصتي ”درج“ و”ميغافون“ في مواجهة حملة تشويه منظمة يشنها لوبي المصارف في لبنان - [ضرائب وقروض: مقامرات تونس المالية في 2025](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ضرائب-وقروض-مقامرات-تونس-المالية-في-2025/) - تواجه تونس لحظة تحول مدفوعة بقانون المالية لسنة 2025 الذي قد يعيد تشكيل اقتصاد البلاد - [السودان: ولاءات متغيرة وضحايا ثابتون](https://timep.org/post-arabic/السودان-ولاءات-متغيرة-وضحايا-ثابتون/) - تتقلب ولاءات المليشيات والقادة العسكريين بين طرفي الحرب في السودان، بينما يدفع المدنيون الثمن - [سجون فارغة ووجع ممتد: حكايات الفرح والألم في سورية المحررة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/سجون-فارغة-ووجع-ممتد-حكايات-الفرح-والأ/) - تمتزج الفرحة بسقوط الأسد في سورية بآلام ضحايا سجون النظام وخيبة أمل ذويهم الذين ما زالوا يبحثون عنهم حتى اليوم - [آمال هشة وأزمات مستمرة: قراءة في أولويات المنطقة لعام 2025](https://timep.org/post-arabic/آمال-هشة-وأزمات-مستمرة-قراءة-في-أولويا/) - يكتب زملاء وفريق معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط عن رؤيتهم لأولويات السياسات العامة في المنطقة للعام الجديد - [وعود فارغة أم تنظيم فعلي؟ قراءة في قانون لجوء الأجانب في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/وعود-فارغة-أم-تنظيم-فعلي؟-قراءة-في-قانو/) - أثار قانون اللجوء الجديد في مصر انتقادات حادة وسط مخاوف من أن بعض نصوصه تمنح السلطات صلاحيات واسعة قد تؤدي إلى انتهاك حقوق اللاجئين وطالبي اللجوء، مع عدم التزامه بالمعايير الدولية التي تكفل حمايتهم - [انهيارات الجيش ومكاسب المعارضة تمهد لتحوّل جذري في الصراع السوري](https://timep.org/post-arabic/انهيارات-الجيش-ومكاسب-المعارضة-تمهد-ل/) - تقدمت فصائل المعارضة السورية بشكل غير مسبوق في شمال غرب البلاد، مسيطرةً على مدن استراتيجية كحلب وحماة، بينما تنذر الانهيارات المتسارعة في صفوف الجيش السوري بتحولات جذرية في مسار الصراع المستمر منذ أكثر من عقد - [سياسة لبنان الداخلية في بنك الأهداف الإسرائيلي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/سياسة-لبنان-الداخلية-في-بنك-الأهداف-ال/) - استهدفت ضربات إسرائيل مناطق واسعة في لبنان، مشردةً أكثر من مليون شخص، ومهددةً وحدة البلد. الأساليب المستخدمة توحي بأهداف سياسية تتجاوز مجرد الدفاع - [قطع الأشجار لمكافحة التغير المناخي؟! مصر في مواجهة تناقضات سياساتها البيئية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قطع-الأشجار-لمكافحة-التغير-المناخي؟-م/) - تستمر السلطات المحلية في مصر في قطع الأشجار لأسباب مختلفة مثل توسعة الطرق وبيع الأخشاب وتصديرها في شكل فحم، بينما تتفاقم التحديات البيئية وتتدهور جودة الهواء في المدن المصرية - [نقابة الصحفيين المصريين: قلعة للحريات أم أداة للسيطرة؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/نقابة-الصحفيين-المصريين-قلعة-للحريات/) - مصطفى الأعصر يكتب عن القيود القانونية والسياسية التي تمنع نقابة الصحفيين من القيام بدورها كتجمع مهني قوي يدافع عن حرية الصحافة وحقوق ممارسيها - [تحديات صعبة تعوق إعادة سكان مخيم الهول في سورية إلى أوطانهم](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تحديات-صعبة-تعوق-إعادة-سكان-مخيم-الهول/) - يقر كثيرون بضرورة إعادة سكان مخيم الهول، الواقع في مدينة الحسكة في سورية، إلى أوطانهم. إلا أن هنالك عقبات كبيرة تحول دون حدوث ذلك، وتتطلب تضافر الجهود الدولية لتجاوزها - [الزواج القسري في السودان: الجريمة المسكوت عنها في الحرب والسلم ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الزواج-القسري-في-السودان-الجريمة-المس/) - أدت ممارسة الزواج القسري في زمن السلم إلى التساهل معه في زمن الحرب. يكتب مهند النور عن طبيعة هذه الجريمة المركبة ويقترح سياسات لمنعها والتعامل مع آثارها المدمرة - [مُهجّرون من جديد: سؤال وجواب عن اللاجئين السوريين في لبنان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مُهجّرون-من-جديد-سؤال-وجواب-عن-اللاجئي/) - ما بين العودة إلى سورية، وهو أمرٌ غير متاح لكثيرين، وبين البقاء في بيئة لبنانية غير مرحبة، وأحيانًا عدائية، يواجه النازحون السوريون اختيارات صعبة في لبنان بعد التصعيد الإسرائيلي - [ضربة في قلب نظام العدالة المصري: تحليل قانون الإجراءات الجنائية الجديد](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ضربة-في-قلب-نظام-العدالة-المصري-تحليل-ق/) - يعرض حليم حنيش أوجه العوار الأساسية في مشروع قانون الإجراءات الجنائية الجديد الذي تريد السلطات المصرية إقراره - [في عين العاصفة: ماذا حدث يوم أردت إسرائيل 558 قتيلاً في لبنان؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/في-عين-العاصفة-ماذا-حدث-يوم-أردت-إسرائي/) - على الرغم من استمرار المناوشات بين حزب الله وإسرائيل لنحو عامٍ كاملٍ، لم تكن الحكومة اللبنانية على أي إستعداد للتعامل مع الكارثة الإنسانية التي نتجت عن التصعيد الإسرائيلي في 23 سبتمبر - [ينبغي إطلاق سراح علاء عبد الفتاح هذا الشهر بعد انتهاء مدة سجنه](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ينبغي-إطلاق-سراح-علاء-عبد-الفتاح-هذا-ال/) - طالبت 59 مجتمع مدني، مصرية وإقليمية ودولية، السلطات المصرية بإطلاق سراح الكاتب والناشط المصري البريطاني علاء عبد الفتاح يوم الأحد 29 سبتمبر/أيلول، بمجرد إتمامه مدة عقوبته بالسجن خمس سنوات، وفقًا للقانون المصري، كما أعربت المنظمات عن قلقها العميق إزاء الأخبار التي نشرها محاميه؛ بأن السلطات لا تخطط لإطلاق سراح علاء حتى يناير 2027. إن عدم - [كيف خرجنا من القاهرة؟ عن الحُفرة، والبطش، وعمّال سمنود](https://timep.org/post-arabic/كيف-خرجنا-من-القاهرة؟-عن-الحُفرة،-والب/) - تكتب رشا عزب عن وقائع خروجها مع مجموعة صحفيات ومحاميات من القاهرة، إلى مدينة سمنود في دلتا النيل، حيث يواجه عمال وعاملات مصنع النسيج بطش الأمن بعدما أعلنوا الإضراب - [بعد التعثر في جنيف: السلام لا يزال عصيًا على السودانيين](https://timep.org/post-arabic/بعد-التعثر-في-جنيف-السلام-لا-يزال-عصيًا/) - يكتب حامد خلف الله عن الإخفاقات المتتالية للمفاوضات الهادفة لإنهاء الحرب في السودان، ويقترح بعض الخطوات التي يمكن للوسطاء اتخاذها لدفع عملية السلام - [اللاجئون السوريون: عنوان بارز في السياسة التركية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/اللاجئون-السوريون-عنوان-بارز-في-السيا/) - خلقت التحوّلات السياسية التركية منذ 2016 واقعًا جديدًا للاجئين السوريين؛ داخليًا بدخول ملف اللجوء ضمن صراع الأحزاب السياسية، وخارجيًا بمحاولات التقارب مع النظام السوري - [تقرير: كيف تعرقل مصر عمل المحامين في دفاعهم عن المحبوسين احتياطياً](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تقرير-كيف-تعرقل-مصر-عمل-المحامين-في-دفا/) - أصدرت مؤسسة كلوني للعدالة ومعهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط تقريراً جديداً اليوم يسلّط الضوء على العقبات الهائلة التي يواجهها محامو/يات الدفاع في مصر في إطار تمثيلهم للأفراد المحبوسين احتياطياً. ودعت المنظمتان إلى ضرورة تطبيق إصلاحات طارئة قبل موعد الاستعراض الدوري الشامل لمصر من قبل مجلس حقوق الإنسان التابع للأمم المتحدة. وقد أجرت مؤسسة كلوني للعدالة - [عجة، معكرونة وشكشوكة: كيف أثرت الأزمات على موائد التونسيين؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عجة،-معكرونة-وشكشوكة-كيف-أثرت-الأزمات/) - ساهمت الأزمات المتنوعة، والمتتالية، داخليًا وخارجيًا، في تدهور جودة ونوعية الطعام المتوفر على موائد التونسيين في السنوات الأخيرة، ما أدى إلى نقص التغذية، وارتفاع نسب انعدام الأمن الغذائي - [السويداء... حراك مستمر يقوض سردية نظام الأسد](https://timep.org/post-arabic/السويداء-حراك-مستمر-يقوض-سردية-نظام-ا/) - أضافت مظاهرات السويداء المستمرة منذ عام 2023 تعقيدات جديدة لنظام الأسد، وتطورت مطالب المتظاهرين لتشمل محاسبة الأسد وتحقيق انتقال سياسي - [لمن نخطط؟ الإخلاء القسري والتنمية العمرانية في مصر ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/لمن-نخطط؟-الإخلاء-القسري-والتنمية-الع/) - يكتب إبراهيم عز الدين عن أن النظر إلى عمليات الإخلاء القسري للسكان من منازلهم على أنها مسألة عارضة سينساها ضحاياها بمرور الوقت هو تبسيط مفرط لمسألة لها تداعيات عميقة، تهملها الحكومة المصرية عمدًا أو سهوًا - [حتى يكون الحوار الوطني في مصر حقيقياً](https://timep.org/post-arabic/حتى-يكون-الحوار-الوطني-في-مصر-حقيقياً/) - أعلن الرئيس المصري وحكومته الحوار الوطني كمحاولة لتصوير موجة جديدة من الانفتاح السياسي في مصر ، لكن الحوارات الوطنية لا تزال بحاجة إلى تغيير حتّى تصبح إصلاحية. - [تمديد حدود القلعة الأوروبية: انتهاكات مستمرة واستثمار في الفشل](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تمديد-حدود-القلعة-الأوروبية-انتهاكات/) - الحلول الأمنية لمنع الهجرة غير المنظمة قد تنجح على المدى القصير، لكنها تتجاهل الدوافع الرئيسية لتحرك الأفراد عبر الحدود، ما يجعلها غير مستدامة، خصوصًا مع الانتهاكات التي تصاحبها - [تغليظ عقوبة التحرش في مصر: السير في دائرة مفرغة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تغليظ-عقوبة-التحرش-في-مصر-السير-في-دائر/) - تشديد العقوبة على جرائم التحرش الجنسي في مصر خطوة جيدة، لكنها وحدها ليست كافية للحد من انتشار الجريمة - [تعليم ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة في شمال سورية: أزمة منسية في ظل الصراع السياسي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تعليم-ذوي-الاحتياجات-الخاصة-في-شمال-سو/) - تعاني مناطق الشمال السوري من نقص في الموارد والبنية التحتية، ما يتسبب في تدهور مستمر في جودة التعليم ووصوله، خصوصًا للطلاب والطالبات من ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة - [مُكتفيًا بالمشاهدة: كيف خذل المجتمع الدولي السودان وشعبه؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مُكتفيًا-بالمشاهدة-كيف-خذل-المجتمع-ال/) - هل قام المجتمع الدولي بما يلزم لإيقاف الحرب الدائرة في السودان؟ الجواب بسيط، للأسف. بالطبع لا، لم يقم بذلك - [قروض مدعومة للأثرياء: عن تطويع القانون في قضية نجيب ميقاتي ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قروض-مدعومة-للأثرياء-عن-تطويع-القانون/) - يلقي عمر طالب نظرة معمّقة على الظروف السياسية والتكييفات القانونية التي أدت إلى إسقاط تهم الفساد عن الرئيس الحالي لحكومة تصريف الأعمال في لبنان، نجيب ميقاتي - [السجون الجديدة في مصر: عنف خفي ووعود بالإصلاح](https://timep.org/post-arabic/السجون-الجديدة-في-مصر-عنف-خفي-ووعود-بال/) - يعاني "نزلاء" السجون الجديدة في مصر من عنف خفي وانتهاكات منهجية، بينما تقول الدولة أنها طورت فلسفتها العقابية عن طريق استخدام التكنولوجيا الحديثة لتحسين حياة السجناء وتسهيل دمجهم في المجتمع - [لقمة سائغة: استغلال أهالي المعتقلين والمختفين قسريًا في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/لقمة-سائغة-استغلال-أهالي-المعتقلين-وا/) - في هذا المقال يكتب مصطفى الأعصر عن طبقة الظلم الإضافية التي يعيشها المعتقلون السياسيون في السجون المصرية: استغلال عائلاتهم واستنزافها ماديًا - [الاغتصاب الزوجي: جريمة عادية، خفية وبدون عقاب](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الاغتصاب-الزوجي-جريمة-عادية،-خفية-وبد/) - يظل الاغتصاب الزوجي جريمة بدون عقاب في نظر القانون المصري، وكثيرًا ما تعجز النساء اللاتي يتعرضن له في الحصول على الطلاق، أو حتى الدعم من الأهل والمجتمع - [أزمات وصراع: زيارة إلى الشمال السوري](https://timep.org/post-arabic/أزمات-وصراع-زيارة-إلى-الشمال-السوري/) - ما بين نظام الأسد وجرائمه المستمرة، ومأساه زلزال شباط\فبراير 2023، يعيش السوريون في شمال البلاد محنة مزدوجة. نرصد بعض المشاهدات من على الأرض بعد عام من الزلزال لنفهم ديناميكيات الشمال السوري والتحديات التي يواجهها أهله لبناء حياة جديدة ومستقرة - [أزمات وأنظمة متصدعة: تأملات في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا لعام 2024](https://timep.org/post-arabic/أزمات-وأنظمة-متصدعة-تأملات-في-منطقة-ال/) - يحمل العام الجديد الكثير من التحديات لمنطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا، ما أهم هذه التحديات، وكيف يمكن التعامل معها؟ يجيب زملاء معهد التحرير غير المقيمين عن تلك الأسئلة، كلٌ حسب تخصصه - [الزحف العمراني على الأراضي الزراعية ودوره في نشوء الجزر الحرارية الحضرية في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الزحف-العمراني-على-الأراضي-الزراعية-و/) - كلما زاد الزحف العمراني على الأراضي الزراعية في مصر، تزداد ظاهرة الجزر الحرارية، حيث يتمثل الغلاف الجوي لمنطقة ما بخصائص تختلف كليًّا عن خصائص المناطق المجاورة، ويسجل فرق في درجة الحرارة بين سطح الأرض في المنطقة حضرية ومثيلتها في المنطقة الزراعية المجاورة - [المأزق الجديد لإدخال المساعدات الخارجية إلى سوريا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/المأزق-الجديد-لإدخال-المساعدات-الخار/) - تتحكم أهواء النظام السوري وحليفته روسيا في تجديد قرار مجلس الأمن الذي تدخل بموجبه المساعدات التي تنسقها الأمم المتحدة عبر الحدود إلى سوريا. لا ينبغي لهذا الوضع أن يستمر، حيث أن هناك أسس قانونية تسمح بتدفق المساعدات الإنسانية إلى سوريا بشكل مستقل عن قرارات مجلس الأمن الدولي وعن رغبات نظام الأسد - [أوضاع حرية التعبير في الجزائر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/أوضاع-حرية-التعبير-في-الجزائر/) - ظن الكثيرون أن الحراك الشعبي في الجزائر سيفتح الطريق نحو مجتمع أكثر حرية وتقدمية، إلا أن التطورات في مجالي حرية التعبير والصحافة خلال السنوات القليلة الماضية تشير إلى سيناريو مختلف - [المدونة: عشرون عامًا تقريبًا على صدور قانون الأسرة في المغرب](https://timep.org/post-arabic/المدونة-عشرون-عامًا-تقريبًا-على-صدور-ق/) - بدأ مجلس النواب المغربي مناقشة إمكانية إصلاح قانون الأسرة في البلاد الصادر عام 2004، والمعروف باسم "المدوَّنة"، والذي يغطي قضايا الزواج والطلاق والميراث وحضانة الأطفال. ومن المتوقع أن تساعد التعديلات المرتقبة على إصلاح بعض أحكام المدوّنة، فضلًا عن حل بعض المسائل المتعلقة بتنفيذ النص وتفسيره - [تحقيق جديد للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية في الهجمات الأخيرة في دارفور](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تحقيق-جديد-للمحكمة-الجنائية-الدولية-ف/) - قررت المحكمة الجنائية الدولية بدء التحقيق في الفظائع التي شهدتها، ومازالت تشهدها ولاية غرب دارفور منذ اندلاع الصراع في السودان في أبريل 2023. يستند التحقيق إلى الإحالة السارية التي أصدرها مجلس الأمن في عام 2005، وبالتالي هو مقتصر على منطقة دارفور. وعلى أية حال، لا يوجد ما يُشير إلى أن التنفيذ هذه المرة سيكون أسهل أو أكثر فعالية من تحقيقات المحكمة السابقة في السودان - [السُبل المحلية للمساءلة في سوريا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/السُبل-المحلية-للمساءلة-في-سوريا/) - بينما ترحب الحكومات في الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا بعودة نظام الأسد إلى الساحة الدولية، تُبرِز جهود مساءلته أمام المحاكم الأجنبية نضال السوريين المستمر منذ عقود من أجل تحقيق العدالة - [عبر السامسونج: صحفيون في قبضة ضباط الأمن](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عبر-السامسونج-صحفيون-في-قبضة-ضباط-الأم/) - لا تكتفي أجهزة الأمن المصرية بالسيطرة على كل وسائل الإعلام من تلفزيون وصحف وإنتاج فني، بل تمتد يدها للصحفيين المغمورين في المحافظات وأصحاب الصفحات الكبيرة على مواقع التواصل الإجتماعي - [الحياة في ممر معتم خلف القضبان: حكايات من سجون نساء مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الحياة-في-ممر-معتم-خلف-القضبان-حكايات-م/) - تجارب السجينات غالبًا ما تمر دون إعطائها الأهمية التي تستحقها. هذا المقال بمثابة صرخة ودعوة جماعية للمعنيين للعمل على تحسين الظروف المعيشية في السجون والقمع الذي تواجهه السجينات السياسيات في السجون المصرية. يسلط هذا المقال الضوء على انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان وعلى حقيقة الحياة خلف جدران السجون في مصر - [التعذيب في سوريا على جدول أعمال محكمة العدل الدولية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/التعذيب-في-سوريا-على-جدول-أعمال-محكمة-ا/) - لاقت إجراءات محكمة العدل الدولية ضد سوريا استحسانًا كبيرًا، وتمت الإشادة بها كخطوة مهمة نحو تحميل الدولة السورية المسؤولية عن جرائم التعذيب المرتكبة في سوريا منذ عام 2011 - [بالرغم من جهود تطويره، التعليم في مصر فضاء لصناعة التمييز الديني](https://timep.org/post-arabic/بالرغم-من-جهود-تطويره،-التعليم-في-مصر-ف/) - تُسلط المقالة الضوء على تدريس الدين في المناهج وتأثير ذلك في خلق مناخ التمييز والتطرف الفكري، وتسعى إلى توضيح ذلك من خلال تحليل بعض الدروس، وقراءة سياسات تطوير المناهج الدينية التي أعلنت عنها المؤسسات الرسمية، وفيما إذا كانت قد أصبحت أكثر مدنية وتعزيزًا للتنوع الديني واحترامًا لثقافة حقوق الإنسان أم لا - [موجات الجفاف تهدد سلة سورية الزراعية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/موجات-الجفاف-تهدد-سلة-سورية-الزراعية/) - كانت موجة الجفاف الأخيرة في سورية هي الأشد منذ 70 عاما، حيث أثرت على إمدادات المياه والحصاد والزراعة. يستكشف أيضًا هذا المقال خطر الموجات الجافة على المزارعين ومهنهم - [الصحفيون في مصر: بين مصيدة شغف المهنة وفخ سطوة النظام](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الصحفيون-في-مصر-بين-مصيدة-شغف-المهنة-وف/) - يصور مصطفى الأعصر واقع الصحافة في مصر بعد اعتقال الصحفي كريم أسعد - [مساعد تحرير وتواصل](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مساعد-تحرير-وتواصل/) - نتطلع في معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط TIMEP لرفد فريق عملنا بمساعد تحرير وتواصل قادر على إنجاز المهام الموكلة إليه بكفاءة عالية ويمتلك الشغف للعمل بروح الفريق. سيقوم المتقدم الأمثل الذي يقع عليه الاختيار بدور رئيسي في إعداد منصة أو منبر للأصوات القادمة من منطقتي الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا أو الآراء التي تناقش قضاياهما في - [مقابر القاهرة التاريخية: تُراث عريق مُهدد بالإزالة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مقابر-القاهرة-التاريخية-تُراث-عريق-مُ/) - ما هي العلاقة بين المقابر التاريخية في القاهرة وأزمة الإسكان في المدينة؟ يناقش هذا المقال ظاهرة "الجزر السكنية" في مقابر القاهرة ودور الدولة والسياسات العمرانية - [رسالة مشتركة الى مجلس حقوق الإنسان للمطالبة بإنشاء بعثة دولية لتقصي الحقائق في ما يتعلق بانفجار مرفأ بيروت](https://timep.org/post-arabic/رسالة-مشتركة-الى-مجلس-حقوق-الإنسان-للم/) - جانب الممثلين الدائمين للدول الأعضاء والدول المراقبة في مجلس حقوق الإنسان التابع للأمم المتحدة أصحاب السعادة، نحن الموقعون أدناه، المنظمات اللبنانية والدولية والناجون والناجيات وعائلات الضحايا، نتوجه إليكم مرة أخرى برسالتنا هذه لنهيب بكم أن تدعموا اعتماد قرار صادر عن مجلس حقوق الإنسان التابع للأمم المتحدة في دورته الرابعة والخمسين العادية يقضي بإنشاء بعثة دولية - [القتال أو الهروب، كابوس التجنيد الإلزامي في سورية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/القتال-أو-الهروب،-كابوس-التجنيد-الإلز/) - مسألة التجنيد الإجباري/الخدمة الإلزامية لا تزال من أهم القضايا التي تتعلق بالحرب السورية. ويلقي هذا المقال نظرة على تاريخ هذه وتأثيراتها على المجتمع السوري - [منظمات مجتمع مدني تدين الحكم الصادر بحق الأكاديمي والباحث المصري باتريك جورج زكي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/منظمات-مجتمع-مدني-تدين-الحكم-الصادر-بح/) - Read the English version of the statement here. ندين، نحن منظمات المجتمع المدني الموقعة أدناه، حكم الصادر اليوم بحق الباحث بالمبادرة المصرية للحقوق الشخصية والأكاديمي باتريك جورج زكي بالسجن لمدة ثلاث سنوات؛ وذلك بسبب كتاباته التي تسلط الضوء على المشقة والتمييز الذي يعانيه المسيحيون الأقباط في مصر. في 18 يوليو 2023، وفي أعقاب محاكمة شابها - [التعليم في شمال غرب سورية: طريق شاق وطويل](https://timep.org/post-arabic/التعليم-في-شمال-غرب-سورية-طريق-شاق-وطوي/) - يقدم هذا المقال نظرة عامة على قطاع التعليم في شمال غرب سورية، في محاولة للوقوف على أهم المعوقات والفجوات التي يعاني منها القطاع - [اللاجئون السوريون: العودة الانتقائية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/اللاجئين-السوريين-العودة-الانتقائية/) - منذ منتصف عام 2017، بدأ الحديث يتصاعد حول "العودة الطوعية" للاجئين السوريين، إلا أنه شهد زخماً إضافياً ملحوظاً خلال الفترة الماضية، وبالأخص على الصعيد الإقليمي في تركيا ولبنان، ويُشكل الخوف على مصير العائدين حاجزاً منيعاً أمام العودة، نظراً لممارسات نظام الأسد الأمنية في ظل غياب أي ضمانات دولية أو إقليمية تحمي العائدين من مصير عشرات الآلاف ممن قُتلوا تحت التعذيب في سجون الأسد على مدار الأحد عشر سنة الماضية. - [بروباجندا الحوار والعفو والانفتاح السياسي: مصر تشهد مزيد من القمع والاعتقال التعسفي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/بروباجندا-الحوار-والعفو-والانفتاح-ال/) - منذ إطلاق الاستراتيجية الوطنية لحقوق الإنسان في شهر سبتمبر 2021، يدّعي النظام المصري أنه يعمل علي تحسين أوضاع حقوق الإنسان في البلاد، وبعد ذلك بعدة أشهر تقريبًا، في أبريل 2022، تمت الدعوة إلى حفل "إفطار الأسرة المصرية"، وأعلن فيه الرئيس السيسي عن النية للعمل على عمل مصالحة وطنية، وإطلاق حوار وطني يشمل جميع القوي السياسية - [نساء في سجون مصر: حكايات القمع والتنكيل وانتهاك الحقوق](https://timep.org/post-arabic/نساء-في-سجون-مصر-حكايات-القمع-والتنكيل/) - في سجون النساء التعامل مبني على الاضطهاد المضاعف، والقمع المضاعف على أساس الجندر، ما تم سرده هنا في هذا المقال يعد جانب من معاناة النساء السجينات - [تصورات مؤتمر الأمم المتحدة للتغير المناخي حول واقع وفجوات العمل المناخي في ليبيا وتونس](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تصورات-مؤتمر-الأمم-المتحدة-للتغير-الم/) - من المهم إعادة النظر في تجارب ليبيا وتونس في مؤتمر المناخ السابع والعشرين لفهم الأداء والإخفاقات والفرص المحتملة على نحو أفضل، وأخذها بعين الاعتبار في مؤتمرات المناخ المقبلة. - [عقوبات ماغنيتسكي الدولية من منظور الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عقوبات-ماغنيتسكي-الدولية-من-منظور-الش/) - تدرس الحكومات في جميع أنحاء العالم برامج عقوبات مُستهدفة وتعتمدها، وفي الوقت الذي تستهدف فيه هذه البرامج منتهكي حقوق الإنسان والفاسدين، تُصدر حقوق الإنسان أولًا (هيومان رايتس فيرست) ومعهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط (TIMEP) "أسئلة وأجوبة" بشأن برنامج "عقوبات ماغنيتسكي الدولية" الذي أصدره الولايات المتحدة. وتشرح "الأسئلة والأجوبة" مدى أهمية هذا البرنامج وقابليته للتطبيق في - [مسائلة الشركات عن انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مسائلة-الشركات-عن-انتهاكات-حقوق-الإنس/) - كجزء من الالتزام بتوسيع مجموعة أدوات المساءلة المتاحة للمدافعين/للمدافعات عن حقوق الإنسان من وفي منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا، يفخر معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط بالإعلان عن إصدار دليل عملي جديد حول مساءلة الشركات عن انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان في المنطقة. قام بتأليف هذا الدليل المحاميات نور حمادة ومي السعدني وياسمين عمر، وهو مصمم خصيصًا للمحامين/للمحاميات - [العمران المصري في ظل التغيرات المناخية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/العمران-المصري-في-ظل-التغيرات-المناخي/) - تقف مرآة العمران شاهدة على الكثير من التغيرات الزمانية والمكانية، ليست فقط عاكسة لهذه التغيرات، بل متأثرة بتطوراتها وتغيراتها إيجابًا وسلبًا. فكأن العمران جسد يتكون أعضاؤه من مجموعة العوامل السياسية والاجتماعية والثقافية والبيئية، التي تتحرك وتتفاعل مع بعضها البعض باستمرار. في نوفمبر الماضي، شهدت مصر أكبر تجمع لرؤساء العالم والوزراء المختصين لحضور فاعليات قمة الأمم - [الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا منطقة قاسية للعابرين/ات جندريا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الشرق-الأوسط-وشمال-أفريقيا-منطقة-قاسي/) - تفتقر مصر، ولبنان، وتونس إلى سبل واضحة توفر للعابرين/انت جندريا الحصول على اعتراف قانوني بنوعهم/ن الاجتماعي، ما يجعلهم/ن عرضة لانتهاكات من قبل قوات الأمن كالاعتقالات التعسفية، إضافة إلى التمييز الممنهج ضدهم/ن في مجالات الرعاية الصحية، والسكن، والتوظيف. - [الآثار الخفية الجائرة لمصادر المياه غير الرسمية في لبنان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الآثار-الخفية-الجائرة-لمصادر-المياه-غ/) - ظهرت أولى صهاريج المياه غير الرسمية في لبنان في السبعينيات تقريبًا. في الوقت الحالي، تعاني البنية التحتية في لبنان من نقص في المياه كمًا ونوعًا، في ظل عقود من سوء الإدارة في القطاع العام. - [النظام السوري: رسائل السياسة المحلية إلى المجتمع الدولي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/النظام-السوري-رسائل-السياسة-المحلية-إ/) - يقوم النظام السوري منذ منتصف عام 2021 بتنفيذ سياسات جديدة عبر مجموعة إجراءات مختلفة في عدد من المجالات الحيوية في الدولة، وتلاحظ تلك الإجراءات بشكل وثيق في المجال التشريعي والقانوني بالإضافة للمجال العسكري والأمني الذي كان نشطاً منذ عام 2011. - [تغيُّر المناخ و غياب الاستقرار السياسيّ: هل سيجد السودان مخرجًا؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تغيُّر-المناخ-و-غياب-الاستقرار-السياس/) - مع استمرار حالة التوتُّر السياسي في السودان وحقيقة أن تغيُّر المناخ ليس من أولويات الحكومة التي يقودها الجيش، فمن غير المُتوقَّع أن يتمكن السودان من تحقيق الإمكانات الهائلة المُنتَظَرة من مؤتمر الأطراف 27. - [عن الموت بأقبية مراكز التحقيق في لبنان رغم إقرار ضمانات حقوقية للمحتجزين](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عن-الموت-بأقبية-مراكز-التحقيق-في-لبنان/) - ويبقى السؤال الأساسي كيف تحصل هذه الخروقات الفاضحة في لبنان في ظل وجود قوانين تضمن حقوق المُحتجزين أثناء التحقيقات الأولية، هل فعلياً هذه القوانين تُعتبر حبراً على ورق، وهل الضمانات الحقوقية تقتصر بالتطبيق على حالات معيّنة وأمام أجهزة أمنية محددة فقط، وفي حالات أُخرى تُعتبر بمثابة ديكور تشريعي؟ هذا ما سيحاول المقال الإجابة عنه. - [زلزال الفجر الأسود في جنوب تركيا وشمال سورية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/زلزال-الفجر-الأسود-في-جنوب-تركيا-وشمال/) - لم يخطر في بالي قط أن سفري إلى قرية صغيرة بجانب مدينة اسكندرون في ولاية هاتاي بالجنوب التركي لقضاء إجازة، حيث يستقر أهلي وأصدقائي، يمكن أن يتحول إلى كابوس، لا بل إلى واقع مرير، مرير جداً. في تلك الليلة، جافاني النوم حتى لحظة حدوث الزلزال، خصوصاً مع انقطاع الكهرباء بعد منتصف الليل بسبب العاصفة المطرية - [A Sad Story of Freedom of Expression: How Do You Sing in Egypt?](https://timep.org/post-arabic/sad-story-freedom-expression-sing-egypt/) - This story illustrates how Egypt’s diabolical censorship apparatuses work. It is a story through which we try to answer: how do youth sing in Egypt, and how can one become a singer? - [TIMEP Deeply Concerned about Egypt Government Plan to Monitor Social Media, News Sites](https://timep.org/post-arabic/timep-deeply-concerned-egypt-government-plan-monitor-social-media-news-sites/) - Washington, D.C. – The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP) is deeply troubled by recent reports that the Egyptian government plans to more expansively monitor social media and news websites for supposed criminal acts and terrorist threats. TIMEP recognizes that Egypt faces security threats that require careful monitoring, but is concerned about the potential - [The Program is Over, but the Show has Just Begun](https://timep.org/post-arabic/program-over-show-just-begun/) - Some 2,000 years ago, under Roman occupation, Egyptians were banned from practicing law, and this was not simply due to imperial discrimination. The Romans excluded them because Egyptians made too many jokes and sarcastic quips while in court, thus undermining the significance and procedures of the trials. Egyptian humor is, and has always been, a - [مرصد البرلمان المصري: تقرير دور الانعقاد الأول](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تقرير-الاختبار-2-3/) - مع انعقاد المجلس التشريعي المصري الحالي تحت قبة البرلمان، في يوم 10 يناير 2016، كانت مصر قد أكملت بذلك الخطوة النهائية من «خارطة الطريق الديمقراطية». - [تصاعد التحديات: تداعيات استمرار السيسي لفترة رئاسية ثانية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تقرير-الاختبار-2/) - كما كان متوقعا، أسفرت انتخابات مصر الرئاسية الأخيرة عن إعادة الانتخاب للرئيس عبد الفتاح السيسي لفترة رئاسية ثانية، بعد اقتراع تلاشت قبله كافة احتمالات انعقاد انتخابات حرة ونزيهة بعد أربعة أعوام من التقييد غير المسبوق لفرص التنظيم السياسي، لينتهي الحال باستبعاد أي منافس جاد لبقاء السيسي في الحكم. - [في عصر «الأخبار الكاذبة».. مصر تفرض الرقابة وتُكمّم الأفواه](https://timep.org/post-arabic/في-عصر-الأخبار-الكاذبة-مصر-تفرض-الرقا/) - في عصر شاع فيه استخدام مصطلح «الأخبار الكاذبة» الذي أطلقه ويردّده الرئيس الأمريكي دونالد ترامب كلما دخل في مواجهة مع وسائل الإعلام الناقدة له. - [مثلث ماسبيرو مِن المُشاركة المجتمعية إلى الإخلاء القسري](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مثلث-ماسبيرو-مِن-المُشاركة-المجتمعية/) - في صباح أحد أيّام شهر رمضان في سبتمبر 2008، انهارت كتلة صخرية ضخمة مِن أعلى جبل المقطم على منطقة الدويقة في القاهرة. - [قانون معاملة كبار قادة القوات المسلحة: عدالة انتقالية أم عدالة انتقائية؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قانون-معاملة-كبار-قادة-القوات-المسلحة/) - في بلدٍ لا يُقيم اعتبارًا للعدالة الانتقالية وينظر إليها على أنها مسألة ثانوية، إلى جانب فشل السّلطة التشريعية فيه في تمرير قانونٍ للعدالة الانتقالية رغم الحاجة الدستورية. - [قراءة في دلالات مقتل أسقف بالكنيسة القبطية وتأثيره على مستقبلها](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قراءة-في-دلالات-مقتل-أسقف-بالكنيسة-الق/) - تعيش الكنيسة القبطية الأرثوذكسية هذه الأيام فترة صعبة وفارقة، بعد قتل الأنبا إبيفانيوس أسقف ورئيس دير القديس أبو مقار، داخل الدير، واعتراف الراهب إشعياء المقاري أمام جهات التحقيق بشكل رسمي بالقيام بالجريمة. واتخذ البابا تواضروس الثاني ١٢ قرارا للسيطرة على الرهبان، أهمها تعليق قبول طلبات الرهبنة لمدة عام ومنع الرهبان الحاليين من الخروج من الأديرة - [خمس سنوات على رابعة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/خمس-سنوات-على-رابعة/) - تم ترجمة هذا المقال من اللغة الإنجليزية. لقراءة النسخة الأصلية اضغط هنا. *** في السنوات الخمس التي مضت على فض اعتصام رابعة العدوية يوم 14 أغسطس 2013: التحقيق في ديسمبر 2013، أنشأ الرئيس المؤقت وقتها عدلي منصور لجنة تقصي الحقائق في أحداث 30 يونيو السابق. نشر الملخص التنفيذي لتقرير اللجنة في نوفمبر 2014 و أظهر - [ملخص قانوني: قانون مكافحة الإرهاب](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ملخص-قانوني-قانون-مكافحة-الإرهاب/) - خلفية: في 15 أغسطس 2015، نشر قانون مكافحة الإرهاب في الجريدة الرسمية ودخل حيز النفاذ. كان مجلس الوزراء قد وافق على مشروع القانون سابقا في 1 يوليو 2015، وهي فترة خلت من برلمان منعقد. وافق مجلس النواب على القانون على عجل عندما راجع البرلمان في غضون 15 يوما من انعقاده 341 قانونا كانت قد صدرت - [بعد عام من تعديلات قوانين الهيئات القضائية: ماذا تبقى من استقلال القضاء؟ (١-٢)](https://timep.org/post-arabic/بعد-عام-من-تعديلات-قوانين-الهيئات-القض/) - صدر قانون «تعديل طريقة اختيار رؤساء الهيئات القضائية» في ابريل من العام الماضي وسط اعتراضات معظم المؤسسات القضائية، ليس فقط لعصفه بواحد من أكثر أعراف القضاء استقرارًا وهو مبدأ «الأقدمية»،بشكل لم يقدم عليه أياً من الأنظمة الحاكمة في صداماتها المتكررة مع القضاء منذ أزمة مارس ١٩٥٤، ما يؤشر على أن القانون صدر ليمهد لمرحلة جديدة - [مراجعة مفرطة التفاؤل مِن صندوق النقد الدولي للأوضاع الاقتصادية في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مراجعة-مفرطة-التفاؤل-مِن-صندوق-النقد-ا/) - تم ترجمة هذا المقال من اللغة الإنجليزية، وتحديثه ببعض المعلومات التي توافرت في الفترة بين نشر النسخة الإنجليزية ونشر النسخة العربية. لقراءة النسخة الأصلية اضغط هنا. *** على مدار الأشهر القليلة الماضية، شهدنا عدة مؤشرات تتعلّق بقرض صندوق النقد الدولي لمصر، إذ وافق المجلس التنفيذي لصندوق النقد الدولي على الدفعة الثالثة من القرض بقيمة مليارَي دولار - [الاستشهاد عند الأقباط: الهوية الذاتية وقت الاضطهاد](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الاستشهاد-عند-الأقباط-الهوية-الذاتية/) - في هذا المقال نلقي الضوء على الاستشهاد القبطي، ومكانة الشهيد في الكنيسة وعند الأقباط، وبما يمثله من مكانة في العقل الجمعي. - [الأزهر وحرية الاعتقاد](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الأزهر-وحرية-الاعتقاد/) - «الآن ليس هناك حرية لأحد، في الدين خصوصًا لا يمكن، لن تسمح وزارة الأوقاف لأي إنسان أن يصعد المنبر بدون ترخيص من الوزارة لأننا الوزارة المعنية بهذا الأمر.» كانت هذه إجابة محمد عبدالرازق، وكيل وزارة الأوقاف السابق لشئون المساجد لسؤال حول السماح للجمعيات الدعوية السلفية بالخطابة وإلقاء الدروس في المساجد. لم تكن إجابة وزير اﻷوقاف - [مناطق غير آمنة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مناطق-غير-آمنة/) - نشأ صندوق تطوير المناطق العشوائية بعد قرار رئاسي عام 2008، ويعد الصندوق أحدث المؤسسات التي انضمت حديثاً وتتصدر جهود مكافحة «المناطق العشوائية». ويعمل الصندوق من خلال آلية تصنيف المناطق التي يعمل عليها بحسب نوعيتها إلى مناطق «غير مخططة» ومناطق «غير آمنة» وتصنف الأخيرة إلى أربع تصنيفات تتراوح في خطورتها بين خطورة على السكان بسبب العوامل - [الدولة والإسلاميون و«خانة الديانة»: ما الذي لا يريدونه أن يتغير](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الدولة-والإسلاميون-وخانة-الديانة-م/) - هذا المقال هو ترجمة لمقالتين تم نشرهما باللغة الإنجليزية. اضغط هنا لقراءة الجزء الأول، وهنا لقراءة الجزء الثاني. * * * * * في 8 أغسطس 2006 نظم المجلس القومي لحقوق الإنسان في مصر، ملتقى لمناقشة مقترح حذف خانة الديانة من بطاقة القومي، وفي مقدمة الكتاب الذي يضم الأوراق والمداخلات التي نوقشت في الملتقى، كتب - [موجز قانوني: مشروع التعديلات الدستورية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/موجز-قانوني-مشروع-التعديلات-الدستوري/) - الخلفية: منذ يناير 2018، بدأ بعض صُنّاع القرار ووسائل الإعلام في مصر بتسليط الضوء على أهميّة إجراء تعديلات دستورية. ورغم أن هذه الدعوات ركّزت في أوّل الأمر على مُدّة فترات الرئاسة قدّم "ائتلاف دعم مصر" يوم 3 فبراير 2019 حزمة أوسع نطاقًا إلى رئيس مجلس النواب تتضمّن مشروعًا لتعديلات دستورية. واستعرض المجلس هذا الاقتراح لتقييم - [معهد التحرير يدعو إلى تحرك عاجل حول الاحتجاز في ظل انتشار كوفيد-19](https://timep.org/post-arabic/معهد-التحرير-لسياسات-الشرق-الاوسط-يدع/) - أصدر معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط و جمعية منا لحقوق الإنسان و بانضمام 38 منظمة من جميع أنحاء العالم بيانا يدعو حكومات دول الشرق الاوسط وشمال افريقيا الى اتخاذ عددا من الإجراءات العاجلة من أجل حماية السجناء وبالتالي حماية المجتمع ككل. البيان أيضا يدعو الكيانات الدولية والمحلية بما في ذلك منظمة الصحة العالمية ولجنة الصليب - [الاحتجاز في ظلّ تفشّي فيروس كورونا (كوفيد-19): ما تفعله حكومات دول الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا وما لا تفعله وما ينبغي عليها فعله](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الاحتجاز-في-ظلّ-تفشّي-فيروس-كورونا-كوف/) - اتَّخذ جميع دول منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا مُؤخّرًا تدابير احترازية صارمة في محاولة للحدّ من تفشّي فيروس «كورونا» المستجدّ الذي تسبَّب في مرض «كوفيد-19» المُعدي، منها تخصيص خطوط ساخنة للطوارئ ونشر حملات التوعية وتوجيه المواطنين بالبقاء في المنازل، فضلًا عن فرض حظر التجوال. لكن، تبقى قضية الاحتجاز أحد القضايا التي لم يُسلّط الضوء عليها - [توجيهات منظَّمة الصحة العالمية ومفوضية الأمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق الإنسان بشأن «كوفيد-19» والأشخاص المحرومين من حريتهم](https://timep.org/post-arabic/توجيهات-منظَّمة-الصحة-العالمية-ومفوض/) - نشر معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط (TIMEP) ترجمة باللغة العربية للتوجيهات المشتركة التي أصدرتها منظّمة الصحة العالمية (WHO) ومكتب مفوضية الأمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق الإنسان (OHCHR) بشأن مرض «كوفيد-19» المُعدي و تأثيره على الأشخاص المحرومين مِن حريتهم. يرجى ملاحظة أنّ هذه الترجمة غير رسمية ويُنسب الفضل فيها إلى مفوضية الأمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق الإنسان. تلخّص - [أين وعودُ العدالةِ مِن آلامِ ضحايا الحربِ في سوريا؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/أين-وعودُ-العدالةِ-مِن-آلامِ-ضحايا-الح/) - شهدت الفترة بين نهاية عام ٢٠١٩ وبداية عام ٢٠٢٠ بعض التطوُّرات بشأن ملف العدالة الجنائيَّة الدوليَّة، حاملةً بعض الوعود لأولئك الذين يطمحون في عدالةٍ كونيَّةٍ. وقد تكون أيضًا حملت بعضًا مِن بصيص الأمل في خضم واقع العجز الدولي والقانوني أمام الجرائم المُستمرِّة التي لا تُحصى ولا تُعدّ في سوريا. والسُّؤال المطروح هو: هل تستطيع هذه - [كيف أصبح اللاجئون والنّازحون أكثر عُرْضة للإصابة بمرض كوفيد-19؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/كيف-أصبح-اللاجئون-والنّازحون-أكثر-عُر/) - في الوقت الذي يتكيَّف فيه العالم مع المعايير الجديدة للتعامُل مع فيروس كورونا (كوفيد-19) المُستجد، يُحاول أكثر مِن 70 مليون شخص ِمن المهجّرين قسريًّا حول العالم التعايش مع بيئات جديدة والسّعي إلى حماية أنفسهم مِن هذه الجائحة. ولا شك أنَّ جميع البشر حول العالم باتوا اليوم عُرْضة للإصابة بالفيروس، لكن ليس جميعهم عُرْضة للإصابة بالقدر - [الدليل القانوني: حول التواصل الفعَّال بين المحامي والمتهم في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الدليل-القانوني-حول-التواصل-الفعَّال/) - تُشكّل العلاقة بين المحامي والموكل أحد الأركان الرئيسية في عمل النظام القانوني. حيث تؤدي هذه العلاقة، في كلّ مرحلةٍ مِن مراحل المحاكمة بداية مِن القبض إلى إصدار الحكم البات، دورًا حاسمًا في سبيل تمتُّع الموكّل بمحاكمةٍ عادلةٍ. في السنوات الأخيرة، وفي خضم حملة تشهدها مصر للتضييق على الممارسين لمهنة المحاماة، والتغييرات التي طالت المنظومة القانونية - [استهداف خط الدفاع الأخير: الاعتداءات على المحامين في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/استهداف-خط-الدفاع-الأخير-الاعتداءات-ع/) - في ورقة موجزة بعنوان استهداف خط الدفاع الأخير: الاعتداءات على المحامين في مصر، دعت اللجنة الدولية للحقوقيين ومعهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط، السلطات المصرية إلى إنهاء حملتها القمعية ضد المحامين، والإفراج الفوري وغير المشروط عن جميع المحامين الذين يتم اعتقالهم أو إدانتهم حصراً على أساس ممارستهم السلمية لحقوقهم و/أو أدائهم المشروع لواجباتهم المهنية. - [الإجراءات القانونيَّة العادلة و«كوفيد-19» في الشرق الأوسط](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الإجراءات-القانونيَّة-العادلة-وكوف/) - أدَّى تفشِّي مرض «كوفيد-19» إلى اتِّخاذ الحكومات في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا تدابير احترازية سريعة وغير مسبوقة. وبحكم هذه الظروف الاستثنائية أعلنت العديد مِن الدول حالة الطوارئ الصحية، ممَّا بات يُؤثِّر على حقوق المواطنين مع وجود هذه الإجراءات. مِن الجدير بالذِّكر أنَّ لتلك التدابير وقعٌ خطيرٌ على سير الإجراءات القانونية، لا سيّما الحق بتوكيل - [انفجار بيروت يُفاقم أزمة الغذاء الحالية في لبنان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/انفجار-بيروت-يُفاقم-أزمة-الغذاء-الحال/) - يعتبر انفجار مرفأ بيروت بمثابة ضربة موجعة للبنان حيث كلّف اقتصاد البلاد المُنهار أساساً فاتورة إصلاح وترميم تخطّت 15 مليار دولار. - [مبادئ حقوق الإنسان في سوريا تحت مُسمَّى إعادة الإعمار: الدروس المُستفادة لسوريا مِن شركة سوليدير-بيروت](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مبادئ-حقوق-الإنسان-في-سوريا-تحت-مُسمَّ/) - على الرغم مِن الصراع المستمر في سوريا، تستمر حكومة الأسد بالضغط لإعادة إعمار هذا البلد. لكن مِن المُرجّح أن تُؤدّي خطة إعادة الإعمار الحكوميّة - والمُصمّمة لمكافأة حلفائها ومعاقبة المجتمعات السورية - إلى انتهاكات واسعة النطاق لحقوق الإسكان والأراضي والممتلكات لتصبح تلك الخطة بمثابة سلاح حرب إضافي. وقد أصبح هذا الأمر واضحًا بالفعل مِن خلال - [إجراءات صارمة ضد "التيك توك" في مصر بدعوى الحفاظ على "قيم الأسرة"](https://timep.org/post-arabic/إجراءات-صارمة-ضد-التيك-توك-في-مصر-بدعو/) - قضت المحكمة الاقتصادية في القاهرة خلال يوليو بمعاقبة السَّيدتَيْن "حنين حسام" و"مودة الأدهم" بالحبس لمدة عامين وغرامة قدرها 300 ألف جنيه مصري (أي ما يُعادل 18,750 دولارًا أمريكياً) على كلٍّ منهما بتُهمة "انتهاك قيم الأسرة ومبادئها". وأعقب ذلك الحُكم معاقبة "منار سامي" بالسجن ثلاث سنوات وتغريمها نفس الغرامة، كما حدّد القاضي كفالة قدرها 20 ألف - [قانون الاثراء غير المشروع الجديد في لبنان: خطوةٌ إلى الأمام في مكافحة الفساد؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قانون-الاثراء-غير-المشروع-الجديد-في-لب/) - في 30 سبتمبر، انعقد مجلس النواب اللبناني للتصويت على مجموعةٍ مِن القوانين. أحدها احتلّ عناوين الصحف، وهو القانون المعروف رسميًّا بـ "قانون التصريح عن الذّمة المالية والمصالح ومعاقبة الإثراء غير المشروع"، وهو الذي أُشير إليه فيما بعدُ بـ "قانون الإثراء غير المشروع لعام 2020". مِن الجدير بالذكر أنّ الفساد مستشري على نطاق واسع في لبنان - [بعض الأسئلة والأجوبة مع باتريك كروكر مِن المركز الأوروبي للحقوق الدستورية وحقوق الإنسان حول جرائم الحرب السورية في المحاكم الأجنبية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/بعض-الأسئلة-والأجوبة-مع-باتريك-كروكر-م/) - منذ العام 2011، قدَّم ناجون سوريون ومُدافعون عن حقوق الإنسان وغيرهم أكثر مِن 20 شكوى لدى الأنظمة القانونية والقضائية خارج سوريا ضد مسؤولي النظام السوري بتُهمة ارتكاب جرائم حرب وانتهاكات أخرى للقانون الدولي. وقد قُدِّمت تلك الشكاوى بناءً على مبدأ الولاية القضائية خارج الحدود الإقليمية الذي يسمح للمحاكم الأجنبية بممارسة الولاية القضائية على الجرائم المرتكبة - [تونس بعد عشر سنوات: هل الكامور هي سيدي بوزيد الجديدة؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تونس-بعد-عشر-سنوات-هل-الكامور-هي-سيدي-ب/) - بعد مرور عقدٍ على اندلاع الثورة التونسية عام 2010 والتي أدّت إلى الإطاحة بنظام الحزب الواحد لأكثر من 23 عامًا، لا يزال التونسيون غير قادرين على ترجمة إنجازاتهم السياسية إلى مكاسب اجتماعية واقتصادية. ومع بلوغنا 17 ديسمبر الجاري الموافق للذِّكرى السنوية العاشرة لإقدام محمد البوعزيزي على إحراق نفسه (وهو اليوم الذي يعتبره مواطنو مدينة سيدي - [الموسيقى في مصر في العقد الأخير: كرٌّ وفرٌّ مع القوانين وقبضة السلطة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الموسيقى-في-مصر-في-العقد-الأخير-كرٌّ-وف/) - منذ سبعة عشر عاماً، بدأت عملي لأول مرّة في الصحافة. وفي سلسلةٍ من الصدف غير المخطّط لها، انتهى بي المطاف في التخصّص بتغطية الفعاليات الموسيقيّة ومشهد الفنّ المعاصر. في عالم ما قبل 2011، كان هناك قواعد وحدود واسعة تحكم إنتاج الموسيقي في مصر. وثلاث دوائر متجاورة لا تتقاطع فيما بينها. الدائرة الأولي: الإنتاج الموسيقي الرسمى، - [دور تونس المحوري في حركة حقوق الإنسان في شمال إفريقيا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/دور-تونس-المحوري-في-حركة-حقوق-الإنسان-ف/) - في نهاية العام 2018، أصبح تدفّق المُدافعين عن حقوق الإنسان إلى تونس، ولا سيما مِن ليبيا ومصر و حتى من دول المغرب العربي، ملحوظًا بشكل متزايد، وهو أمر لا يحدُث في أية عاصمةٍ أخرى في شمال إفريقيا. ورغم أنّ القيود التي فرضتها جائحة "كوفيد-19" أدّت إلى إبطاء هذه الظّاهرة، إلا أنه يبدو أنّ تلك القيود - [ازدراء الأديان في شمال افريقيا: قمع للأقليات واحتكار رسمي لتفسير الدين](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ازدراء-الأديان-في-شمال-افريقيا-قمع-للأ/) - شهدت دول شمال افريقيا تغيّرات سياسية كبيرة منذ العام 2011، وذلك عقب الثورات والحركات الاحتجاجية الواسعة التي وُضعت على إثرها دساتير جديدة تؤكد على حماية حقوق المواطنين وفي مقدمتها حريات العقيدة والرأي والتعبير. وبالرغم من ذلك، لا تزال القوانين المتعلقة بالتجديف وازدراء الأديان تُستخدم على نطاق واسع لملاحقة الأقليات الدينية، وخصوصًا غير المعترف بها، بالإضافة - [مِن أداةٍ للحرية إلى وسيلةٍ للقمع: ماذا حدث للإنترنت منذ "الربيع العربي"؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مِن-أداةٍ-للحرية-إلى-وسيلةٍ-للقمع-ماذا/) - في عام 2011، وعلى جدارٍ بالقُرب مِن وزارة الداخلية في تونس، رَسَمَ المُتظاهرون على الحائط شعار "شكرًا فيسبوك" إشارة إلى الدور الذي لعبته منصَّات التواصُل الاجتماعي في تمكين النشطاء من تنظيم الاحتجاجات وتغطيتها ونشر المعلومات على مُستوى العالم. وعلى الرغم مِن أنّ وسائل الإعلام الدولية وغيرها من المحللّين والمُراقبين الدوليين قد بالغوا في طرح هذا - [أثر انفجار بيروت على الصحة النفسيّة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/أثر-انفجار-بيروت-على-الصحة-النفسيّة/) - في الرابع من آب ٢٠٢٠، وقع انفجارٌ غير متوقع لـ ٢٧٠٠ طن من نترات الأمونيوم التي كانت مهملةً لسنوات في ميناء بيروت، الأمر الذي أدّى إلى كارثة إنسانية في واحدة من أكثر المدن اكتظاظاَ بالسكان في المنطقة. خلّف الانفجار ما يُقدّر بأكثر من ٢٠٠ وفاة و٦٥٠٠ إصابة، كما أدّى إلى ترك أكثر من ٣٠٠.٠٠٠ شخصٍ - [ثورات الربيع العربي: أحلام ومآلات التغيير السياسي والاجتماعي لأفراد مجتمع الميم عين (مصر والسودان نموذجا)](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ثورات-الربيع-العربي-أحلام-ومآلات-التغ/) - الثورات سلسلة من الأحداث والسيرورات إنّ الاحتجاجات السلمية التي اجتاحت العديد من بلدان المنطقة، وعرفت باسم ثورات الربيع العربي، كانت صرخة قوية ضد الظلم والتهميش والفساد السياسي، وعلى الرغم من اختلاف السياقات المحلية لكل بلد، فإنّ هذه الثورات تقاطعت في الكثير من المطالب مثل العدالة والحرية وإنهاء الفساد وتحسين الأوضاع المعيشية. بالنظر إلي مالآت التغيير - [عقد على الثورة السورية...مابين الانجازات والانتكاسات‎](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عقد-على-الثورة-السورية-مابين-الانجازا/) - .here Read this article in English أستعرض في هذه الفترة من كل سنة شريط حياتي، وأتأمّل كيف أصبحت في المكان الذي أنا فيه، سواءً على الصعيد الجغرافي أو المهني أو الشخصي أو حتى العاطفي. أمّا هذه السنة، وبعد مرور عقد كامل على الربيع العربي—وعليّ أنا كنورا— فالأمر أكثر حساسيةً وإشكاليةً بالنسبة إليّ. لا أدري لماذا أشعر - [الأقليات الدينية غير المعترف بها في مصر: الفيل الذي لا يراه المسؤولون](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الأقليات-الدينية-غير-المعترف-بها-في-مص/) - تعاني بعض الأقليّات الدينية في مصر من عدم الاعتراف الرسمي من قبل مؤسسات الدولة، ممّا يترتب عليه الحرمان من مجموعة من الحقوق الدستورية الأساسية أبرزها حريّات الدين والمعتقد والرأي والتعبير، إلى جانب تعرضّ أتباع هذه الأقليّات للمراقبة والملاحقة القضائية بحجّة أن نشاطها غير شرعي. - [
سارة حجازي.. عام على الرحيل](https://timep.org/post-arabic/سارة-حجازي-عام-على-الرحيل/) - .here Read this article in English لا زلت أتذكر سارة المرحة، الشغوفة، المتحمسة، المقاتلة، البطلة، الهشة، المناضلة، الملهمة، المتمردة.. سارة صديقتي، سارة بوصلتي، سارتي. كانت حياة سارة عادية رغم صخبها، حياة لا تلاحظها إذا رأيتها، ولكن إن أمعنت النظر لرأيت التميز، لرأيت ما رأيت، لندمت على كل لحظة لم تكن تعرف فيها سارة حجازي، الفتاة العشرينية - [معهد التحرير يدعو الى إتخاذ اجراءات للتصدي لحالات الاختفاء القسري والإفلات من العقاب](https://timep.org/post-arabic/معهد-التحرير-يدعو-الى-إتخاذ-اجراءات-لل/) - أصدر معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط بانضمام 32 منظمة من جميع أنحاء العالم بيانا لتسليط الضوء على الممارسة المنهجية للاختفاء القسري في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا ودعوة للدول والمؤسسات الدولية إلى اتخاذ إجراءات للتصدي للإفلات من العقاب على هذه الجريمة. - [زوجات المعتقلين والمختفين: نساء مع وقف التنفيذ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/زوجات-المعتقلين-والمختفين-نساء-مع-وقف/) - .here Read this article in English لا زلت أذكر ذاك اليوم الذي اتهمني فيه الجميع بالجنون عندما اعتذرت عن الذهاب إلى بريطانيا لدراسة الماجستير بعد أن حصلت على منحة دراسية كاملة من الخارجية البريطانية، والتي كانت حلماً للجميع. قررت البقاء في لبنان في الوقت الذي يسعى فيه معظم السوريين لترك لبنان بأية طريقة، واكنّ ذلك من - [مابعد الاعتقال: عن محاولات استرداد الحياة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مابعد-الاعتقال-عن-محاولات-استرداد-الح/) - عشت مع والدي فترات قصيرة متفاوتة في طفولتي قبل اختفائه واعتقاله. اتذكر أيامنا القليلة معاً، وكل ما أتذكره كان مليئاً بمتعة اللعب معه ولادله لي. - [تدوير القضايا...أداة قمعية مستحدثة لإبقاء المعارضة المصرية قيد الاحتجاز](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تدوير-القضايا-أداة-قمعية-مستحدثة-لإبق/) - تدوير القضايا أو الاعتقالات هو وقائع إعادة احتجاز من صدر بحقهم قرار بإطلاق السراح عقب انتهاء مدة الحكم، أو قرار بإخلاء السبيل، أو حكم بالبراءة،...إلخ - [‎⁨عابر جنسيا في مصر-تقتله البيروقراطية الطبية](https://timep.org/post-arabic/⁨عابر-جنسيا-في-مصر-تقتله-البيروقراط/) - دائما ما تعلق في أذهاننا القصص الأكثر قسوة ووضوحا التي يتعرض فيها فردا عابرا للقتل على خلفية هويته الجندرية. تلك القصص التي يكون طرفاها معروفين، قاتل ومقتول، جاني وضحية. لكن ماذا لو كان هناك ضحية تواطأت لقتلها منظومة كاملة! - [الملحدون في مصر .. الحياة على حافة "الموت المدني"](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الملحدون-في-مصر-الحياة-على-حافة-الموت/) - لا تزال معاناة الملحدين وغير المؤمنين في مصر مستمرة، بالرغم من الإشارات الإيجابية من جانب المسئولين عن احترام حرية الدين أو المعتقد. يعيش الملحدون في مصر بين الملاحقة الأمنية والنبذ المجتمعي، لم تتوقف المؤسسات الرسمية عن محاربة الإلحاد بشكل علني وصريح وبدون هوادة منذ العام 2014، الذي شهد الإعلان عن خطة حكومية لمكافحة الإلحاد. وبدا أن هناك خطابين رسميين معلنين: - [الحقوق الأساسية للبهائيين: الفرصة الملائمة لتوسيع نطاق حرية العقيدة في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الحقوق-الأساسية-للبهائيين-الفرصة-الم/) - بمرور العقد الحالي، سيكون قد مضى قرن كامل على بدايات الاعتراف المرتبك من جانب الدولة المصرية بوجود أتباع للديانة البهائية في مصر، ولكن الحقوق الأساسية للمصريين المعتنقين البهائية لا تزال عالقة عند نقطة البداية التي انطلقت منها قبل قرن. فهل حان الوقت المناسب لتجاوز تلك البداية المرتبكة؟ - [مصر وطن يعيش فينا…ولا نستطيع العيش فيه: تنظيم وناشطية المصريين من المنفي](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مصر-وطن-يعيش-فينا-ولا-نستطيع-العيش-في/) - في يونيو الماضي حلت الذكرى الأولى لرحيل الناشطة الكويرية سارة حجازي في منفاها في كندا. شهدت الأيام التي تلت وفاتها العديد من الوقفات في عواصم ومدن بكل من أمريكا وكندا وأوروبا، بل وعواصم عربية أيضا حيث شهدت العاصمة تونس وقفة أمام السفارة المصرية نددت بقمع السلطات المصرية لسارة التي أجبرها على الرحيل من مصر. أما - [ماذا وراء الشراكة الروسية المصرية؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ماذا-وراء-الشراكة-الروسية-المصرية؟/) - تمثل مصر لروسيا لاعبا محوريا في الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا. منذ منتصف العقد الأول من الألفية الثانية عادت موسكو تدريجيا للمنطقة بعد توقف استمر لعقود طويلة. - [مُحاسبة "فاغنر" على الانتهاكات الرّوسيّة في سوريا](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مُحاسبة-فاغنر-على-الانتهاكات-الرّوسي/) - في الذِّكرى العاشرة للثورة السورية، قُدِّمت شكوى إلى المحاكم الرّوسيّة ضد الشركة العسكرية الروسية الخاصّة "مجموعة فاغنر" (Wagner)، وهي أوَّل قضيَّة على الإطلاق تُرفع ضد هذه المجموعة. وبعد عامٍ تقريبًا، رأت المحكمة أنّ لجنة التّحقيق التّابعة لروسيا الاتحادية ليست مُلزمةً باتّخاذ إجراء حيال جريمة تعذيب أحد المدنيين السوريين وقتله على أيدي أعضاء مجموعة "فاغنر"، وهي المحكمة التي كانت لديها سُلطة فتح التحقيق في هذه الجريمة. - [ماذا تعني السّياسة الخارجيّة النّسويّة لليبيا؟](https://timep.org/post-arabic/ماذا-تعني-السّياسة-الخارجيّة-النّسوي/) - انتشرت رسائل إيجابيّة في يونيو الماضي عبر وسائل التّواصُل الاجتماعي لدعم إعلان وزيرة الخارجيّة الليبيّة بشأن تبنِّي سياسة خارجيّة نسويّة. مِن الصّعب عمليًّا تخيّل أي محاولاتٍ تُسهِم في جعل البنية السياسيّة نسويّة، ناهيك عن تبنّي هذه السّياسة على مستوى السّياسة الخارجيّة. لكن ماذا يعني تنفيذ سياسة خارجيّة نسويّة؟ وكيف كان أداء هذه السّياسة في ليبيا؟ - [صندوق النقد الدولي: لا عصا سحرية لإنقاذ لبنان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/صندوق-النقد-الدولي-لا-عصا-سحرية-لإنقاذ/) - يَعتَبِر الخطابُ الحاليُّ عملية صندوق النقد الدولي خيارَ لبنان الأوحد والأخير، إلا أن خيار لبنان الأوحد هو ألا يحصر نفسه في هذا المسار. - [بائع الوهم](https://timep.org/post-arabic/بائع-الوهم/) - أصدر رأس النظام السوري بشار الأسد بتاريخ 30 نيسان/أبريل المرسوم التشريعي رقم 7 لعام 2022 والقاضي بمنح عفو عام عن "الجرائم الإرهابية" المرتكبة من قبل السوريين والواردة في قانون العقوبات العام الصادر بالمرسوم التشريعي 148 لعام 1949 وتعديلاته، وقانون مكافحة الإرهاب رقم 19 لعام 2012 شريطة ألا تكون تلك "الجرائم" قد أفضت لموت إنسان. - [استجابة العراق لتغيُّر المناخ: القطاع الخاصّ والمجتمع المدني](https://timep.org/post-arabic/استجابة-العراق-لتغيُّر-المناخ-القطاع/) - تأثَّر العراق بشدّةٍ خلال السّنوات الأخيرة بتغيُّر المناخ، وذلك جرَّاء زيادة موجات الحرّ المُستمرِّة التي تتخطّى 50 درجةً مئويّة. وكانت لتغيّر المناخ آثارٌ مُدمّرةٌ على الأمن المائي والغذائي، مما يُهدّد سُبل عيش العراقيين. نتيجة لذلك، اكتسبت هذه القضيّة أهميّة كبرى في الدوائر الحكومية على الرغم من مواجهة البلاد للعديد مِن المشاكل المتفشية الأخرى. - [إدانة المحاكمات الصورية في السودان: ما بين فشل الغرب وتواطؤ المجلس العسكري](https://timep.org/post-arabic/إدانة-المحاكمات-الصورية-في-السودان-ما/) - اتهم المجلس العسكري الشباب، بعضهم في سن المراهقة من خلفيات متواضعة، بقتل قوات الأمن. وتعرَّض أولئك الذين يُواجهون مثل هذه التهم الجنائية الخطيرة للاختفاء القسري، والحرمان مِن الإجراءات القانونية الواجبة، وبلغ الأمر في بعض الحالات حدّ التعذيب. رغم ذلك، التزم أغلب المسؤولين الغربيين الصمت بشأن محنة أولئك الشباب. - [مواثيق المشهد السياسي في السودان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مواثيق-المشهد-السياسي-في-السودان/) - بعد قرابة ثمانية أشهر على الانقلاب العسكريّ في السودان، ما زالت الاحتجاجاتُ السلميةُ متواصلةً وفقًا للجداول الأسبوعية التي تُصدرها لجانُ المقاومة. وقد ظهرت أشكالٌ وأدواتٌ جديدةٌ للمقاومة، حتى بعد مقتل أكثر من 90 متظاهرًا على أيدي قوات الدولة في الاحتجاجات، إضافةً إلى مقتل العشرات في هجماتٍ مختلفة شنَّتها الميليشياتُ في جميع أنحاء البلاد. ومنذ يناير 2022 وعدد الإضرابات والحواجز في تزايد في جميع أنحاء البلاد، وقد شاركت العديدِ من النقاباتِ في هذه الإضرابات، وأدَّت إلى إغلاق محاور الطرق الرئيسيَّة. - [الطريق نحو الإستفتاء الدستوري لسنة 2022 بتونس](https://timep.org/post-arabic/الطريق-نحو-الإستفتاء-الدستوري-لسنة-2022-ب/) - تستعدّ تونس لاستفتاء دستوري مِن المُقرَّر أن يُجرى يوم 25 يوليو/جويلية 2022، بالتحديد بعد عامٍ منذ أن وضع قيس سعيد، رئيس الجمهورية التونسية، البلاد على مسار يُنذر بالخطر. يشرح هذا المقال الخطوات التي اتّخذها قيس سعيد على مدار السنة لتفكيك استقلال السُّلطتين القضائية والتشريعية وتعزيز سُلطته التنفيذية، ويُوضِّح كذلك بالتفصيل كيف يُهدِّد بمواصلة هذه الخطوات ضمن دستور جديد. - [المنظور الكويري لأزمات لبنان الهائلة ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/المنظور-الكويري-لأزمات-لبنان-الهائلة/) - فطالما وقَعَ المثليون، وهم جزء لا يتجزأ من المجتمع اللبناني، ضحايا للوصم والنبذ الاجتماعي، إذ يُصوَّرون كمصدرٍ للاضطراب الاجتماعي، ويُنبَذون لمجرد رفضهم للمغادرة ولعملية محوهم. وحتى يومنا هذا، يعاقِب القانون على العلاقات المثلية بموجب المادة 534 من قانون العقوبات اللبنانيّ. وقد عرَّض هذا الواقع أفراد المجتمع الكويري لتهميش اقتصادي جسيم والتمييز الصارخ ضدهم، الأمر الذي تفاقم في أعقاب الأزمات اللبنانية المتعددة. - [تحالف دولي يطالب بالإفراج عن محمد الباقر وعلاء عبد الفتاح في ذكرى اعتقالهما الثالثة](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تحالف-دولي-يطالب-بالإفراج-عن-محمد-البا/) - يصادف يوم الخميس 29 سبتمبر/ أيلول 2022 مرور ثلاث سنوات على توقيف السلطات المصرية محامي حقوق الإنسان المصري محمد الباقر والكاتب البريطاني المصري والناشط المؤيد للديمقراطية علاء عبد الفتاح. بصفتنا تحالفًا عالميًا لمنظمات مجتمع مدني وأفراد، ندعو في ذكرى اعتقالهم السلطات المصرية إلى الإسقاط الفوري لجميع التهم الموجهة لهما، وإغلاق جميع القضايا المتعلقة بهما، والإفراج - [عندما يُغفل خطاب الوحدة الطائفية الممنهجة في مصر](https://timep.org/post-arabic/عندما-يُغفل-خطاب-الوحدة-الطائفية-المم/) - بينما يمكن النظر لخطاب المساواة بين المسلمين والمسيحيين على أنه جزء من الحوار الوطني التوليدي، إلا أنه نادرًا ما يخطو خطوات نحو تجاوز حدود الخطاب، ولا يؤدي إلى سياسات تغير التمييز الممنهج ضد المسيحيين أو القضايا المتفشية في العلاقة بين الأديان. - [إحداثُ التغييرِ: حلول مبتكرة لأزمة الوقود في لبنان](https://timep.org/post-arabic/إحداثُ-التغييرِ-حلول-مبتكرة-لأزمة-الو/) - أدت الضغوطُ الماليةُ الشديدةُ التي تُعاني منها الأسرُ اللبنانيةُ إلى حدوث تحوُّل كبير في طريقة تنقُّل الأفراد. ونظرًا لخطورة الوضع، فإنه من السهل توقُّعُ استمرارِ هذه التغيُّرات على المدى القريب. - [تونس والتحوُّل نحو الطَّاقة منخفضة الكربون](https://timep.org/post-arabic/تونس-والتحوُّل-نحو-الطَّاقة-منخفضة-ال/) - في الأشهر القليلة الماضية، اضطرَّت تونس إلى مواجهة الضَّعف الكامن في قطاع الطاقة الناجم عن الصدمات الخارجية في سوق الطاقة. في عام 2021، شكَّل قطاع الطاقة نسبة 32.2 في المئة مِن إجمالي العجز التجاري للبلاد، ويتوقَّع الخبراء خلال عام 2022 مزيدًا مِن الارتفاع في نسبة النقد الأجنبي التي تُنفق على صادرات الطَّاقة، مع ارتفاع سعر برميل النفط بمقدار دولارٍ واحدٍ، ما يُكلِّف الحكومة نحو 140 مليون دينار (ما يُعادل 48 مليون دولار). في مُحاولةٍ لمواجهة هذا الأمر وآثاره على التضخُّم، رفعت الحكومة أسعار الوقود في أبريل 2022 بنحو 5 في المئة للمرَّة الثَّالثة هذا العام، ما فرض ضغوطًا مُتزايدةً أثَّرت على دخل المواطن التونسي العادي، في وقتٍ تتزايَد فيه أسعار المواد الغذائيَّة والكهرباء أيضًا. - [مبادرات الوساطة المُتعثرة في السودان بعد الانقلاب](https://timep.org/post-arabic/مبادرات-الوساطة-المُتعثرة-في-السودان/) - في أعقاب الانقلاب العسكريّ الذي وقع في السودان في 25 أكتوبر 2021، عملت العديدُ من مبادرات الوساطة الدولية والإقليمية على إنهاء المأزق السياسيّ في البلاد، لكنها لم تحقق نجاحًا يُذكر. لم تنجح أيٌّ من هذه المبادرات في اكتساب قوة دفع كافية لكسر الجمود ووضع السودان في مسار انتقال ديمقراطي مدني. من بين العديد من العوامل الأخرى، أثَّر التنافسُ بين الوسطاء أنفسهم والمواقف الإشكالية للجهات الفاعلة المعنيَّة على مصداقية هذه المبادرات. وبناءً على ذلك، فإن الجهات الفاعلة السياسيَّة الرئيسية في السودان، بالتحديد لجان المقاومة وقوى الحرية والتغيير وتجمع المهنيين السودانيين، لم تُظهر ثقة كبيرة في هذه العمليات. ورغم ذلك، لا يزال دور الجهات الفاعلة الدولية في إنهاء الانقلاب حاسمًا، نظرًا لتعقُّد الوضع واتساع الهوة بين الجهات الفاعلة السودانية. - [قمة المناخ: منح المزيد من صكوك الغفران ](https://timep.org/post-arabic/قمة-المناخ-منح-المزيد-من-صكوك-الغفران/) - للعدالة المناخية أهمية قصوى للجميع، بما في ذلك الأرواح التي أصبح الغد بالنسبة لها سرابًا بعيد المنال. نأمل ألا تُقابل الانتهاكات الجسيمة لحقوق الإنسان بالتجاهل، أن تُجسد الأسابيع التي تسبق مؤتمر المناخ (كوب27) تقاطع العدالة المناخية وحقوق الإنسان مع مواقف قوية ضد الستار المنصوب لإخفاء الانتهاكات الشنيعة لحقوق الإنسان ، أن يتم على الأقل التركيز على التجاوزات وتسليط الضوء عليها من خلال المؤتمر لإظهار مدى التزام الإدارة الأمريكية بالقيم والكرامة الإنسانية. نرغب في رؤية أفعال ملموسة ومسيرة تتناسب مع الخطاب. - [موجة جديدة من الخصخصة في مصر: اقتصاد حر ومجتمع مكتوف اليدين](https://timep.org/post-arabic/موجة-جديدة-من-الخصخصة-في-مصر-اقتصاد-حر/) - يعتبر هذا الإعلان تغيرًا جوهريًا في تاريخ الخصخصة في مصر، والذي يعود لمطلع التسعينيات، فللمرة الأولى يصبح المنطق وراء الخصخصة هو تخلي الدولة عن قطاعات بكاملها تقريبًا، وختيار قطاعات بعينها فقط لمواصلة الاستثمار فيها. - [القمع المفرط على المجتمع المدني في ليبيا يُرسخ الإفلات من العقاب](https://timep.org/post-arabic/القمع-المفرط-على-المجتمع-المدني-في-ليب/) - وسط تأجيل الانتخابات إلى أجل غير مسمى والانقسامات السياسية العميقة التي من شأنها أن تواصل تفكيك ليبيا، زادت في الفترة الأخيرة قيود واسعة النطاق على الفضاء المدني في البلاد، وانتشرت ثقافة الإفلات من العقاب التي تقوّض الجهود المبذولة لضمان المساءلة عن انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان المرتكبة ضد الجهات الفاعلة في المجتمع المدني. ## Categories - [Uncategorized](https://timep.org/category/uncategorized/) - [Uncategorized](https://timep.org/category/uncategorized-en/) - [Timeline](https://timep.org/category/timeline/) - 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[#Shafiq](https://timep.org/tag/shafiq/) - [#Suleiman](https://timep.org/tag/suleiman/) - [#Mubarak](https://timep.org/tag/mubarak/) - [#PrisonBreak](https://timep.org/tag/prisonbreak/) - [#Twitter](https://timep.org/tag/twitter/) - [#CamelBattle](https://timep.org/tag/camelbattle/) - [#ProMubarak](https://timep.org/tag/promubarak/) - [#ElAdly](https://timep.org/tag/eladly/) - [#Garana](https://timep.org/tag/garana/) - [#ElMaghrabi](https://timep.org/tag/elmaghrabi/) - [#Ezz](https://timep.org/tag/ezz/) - [#Badrawi](https://timep.org/tag/badrawi/) - [#Clinton](https://timep.org/tag/clinton/) - [#Ghonim](https://timep.org/tag/ghonim/) - [#HRW](https://timep.org/tag/hrw/) - [#Strike](https://timep.org/tag/strike/) - [#Asfour](https://timep.org/tag/asfour/) - [#Biden](https://timep.org/tag/biden/) - [#Alkharga](https://timep.org/tag/alkharga/) - [#Portsaid](https://timep.org/tag/portsaid/) - [#Obama](https://timep.org/tag/obama/) - [#MilitaryCommunique](https://timep.org/tag/militarycommunique/) - [#Tanta](https://timep.org/tag/tanta/) - [#Mahala](https://timep.org/tag/mahala/) - [#Roweny](https://timep.org/tag/roweny/) - [#Logan](https://timep.org/tag/logan/) - [#SexualViolence](https://timep.org/tag/sexualviolence/) - [#SCAF](https://timep.org/tag/scaf/) - [#NotoMilitaryTrials](https://timep.org/tag/notomilitarytrials/) - [#Salama](https://timep.org/tag/salama/) - [#Labor](https://timep.org/tag/labor/) - [#Twitter](https://timep.org/tag/twitter/) - [#IntlWomensDay](https://timep.org/tag/intlwomensday/) - [#Tantawi](https://timep.org/tag/tantawi/) - [#VirginityTests](https://timep.org/tag/virginitytests/) - [#Imbaba](https://timep.org/tag/imbaba/) - [#FJP](https://timep.org/tag/fjp/) - [#SupremeCourt](https://timep.org/tag/supremecourt/) - [#ConstituentAssembly](https://timep.org/tag/constituentassembly/) - [#PresidentialElections](https://timep.org/tag/presidentialelections/) - [#Nour](https://timep.org/tag/nour/) - [#ParliamentaryElections](https://timep.org/tag/parliamentaryelections/) - [#EgyptianBloc](https://timep.org/tag/egyptianbloc/) - [#WafdParty](https://timep.org/tag/wafdparty/) - [#Aswan](https://timep.org/tag/aswan/) - [#Carter](https://timep.org/tag/carter/) - [#CarterCenter](https://timep.org/tag/cartercenter/) - [#CSM](https://timep.org/tag/csm/) - [#AlWasat](https://timep.org/tag/alwasat/) - [#RDP](https://timep.org/tag/rdp/) - [#Parliament](https://timep.org/tag/parliament/) - [#Katatni](https://timep.org/tag/katatni/) - [#ShuraElections](https://timep.org/tag/shuraelections/) - [#Beltagy](https://timep.org/tag/beltagy/) - [#ShiaAttack](https://timep.org/tag/shiaattack/) - [#Sharqiya](https://timep.org/tag/sharqiya/) - [#NewWafd](https://timep.org/tag/newwafd/) - [#Shortages](https://timep.org/tag/shortages/) - [#Clashes](https://timep.org/tag/clashes/) - [#MilitaryTrials](https://timep.org/tag/militarytrials/) - [#RepublicanGuard](https://timep.org/tag/republicanguard/) - [#Sharaf](https://timep.org/tag/sharaf/) - [#ElectoralLaw](https://timep.org/tag/electorallaw/) - [#ParliamentQuotas](https://timep.org/tag/parliamentquotas/) - [#EgyPolice](https://timep.org/tag/egypolice/) - [#MubarakTrial](https://timep.org/tag/mubaraktrial/) - [#AlErian](https://timep.org/tag/alerian/) - [#ToraPrison](https://timep.org/tag/toraprison/) - [#Referendum](https://timep.org/tag/referendum/) - [#AlBishry](https://timep.org/tag/albishry/) - [#DeathToll](https://timep.org/tag/deathtoll/) - [#Nakba](https://timep.org/tag/nakba/) - [#IsraeliEmbassy](https://timep.org/tag/israeliembassy/) - [#Maspero](https://timep.org/tag/maspero/) - [#CopticProtesters](https://timep.org/tag/copticprotesters/) - [#Jan25](https://timep.org/tag/jan25/) - [#April6](https://timep.org/tag/april6/) - [#SCAF](https://timep.org/tag/scaf/) - [#Military](https://timep.org/tag/military/) - [#EISA](https://timep.org/tag/eisa/) - [#PresidentialDebate](https://timep.org/tag/presidentialdebate/) - [#Moussa](https://timep.org/tag/moussa/) - [#AbulFotouh](https://timep.org/tag/abulfotouh/) - [#Sabbahi](https://timep.org/tag/sabbahi/) - [#Maher](https://timep.org/tag/maher/) - [#UsEgyptRelation](https://timep.org/tag/usegyptrelation/) - [#Bacile](https://timep.org/tag/bacile/) - [#Constitution](https://timep.org/tag/constitution/) - [#jihadists](https://timep.org/tag/jihadists/) - [#AlQaeda](https://timep.org/tag/alqaeda/) - [#ABM](https://timep.org/tag/abm/) - [#Amnesty](https://timep.org/tag/amnesty/) - [#Akef](https://timep.org/tag/akef/) - [#BalloonTheatre](https://timep.org/tag/balloontheatre/) - [#Martyrs](https://timep.org/tag/martyrs/) - [#MOH](https://timep.org/tag/moh/) - [#occupycabinet](https://timep.org/tag/occupycabinet/) - [#EmadEffat](https://timep.org/tag/emadeffat/) - [#PoliceBrutality](https://timep.org/tag/policebrutality/) - [#AlGanzouri](https://timep.org/tag/alganzouri/) - [#AntiScaf](https://timep.org/tag/antiscaf/) - [#BlueBraGirl](https://timep.org/tag/bluebragirl/) - [#PortsaidMassacre](https://timep.org/tag/portsaidmassacre/) - [#AntiMorsi](https://timep.org/tag/antimorsi/) - [#Sabahi](https://timep.org/tag/sabahi/) - [#Ittihadeya](https://timep.org/tag/ittihadeya/) - [#Gendy](https://timep.org/tag/gendy/) - [#USaid](https://timep.org/tag/usaid/) - [#MBHQ](https://timep.org/tag/mbhq/) - [#Muhalla](https://timep.org/tag/muhalla/) - [#StateSecurity](https://timep.org/tag/statesecurity/) - [#JulySitIn](https://timep.org/tag/julysitin/) - [#Jul8](https://timep.org/tag/jul8/) - [#Ganzouri](https://timep.org/tag/ganzouri/) - [#ScientificInstitute](https://timep.org/tag/scientificinstitute/) - [#Emara](https://timep.org/tag/emara/) - [#NGOs](https://timep.org/tag/ngos/) - [#IRI](https://timep.org/tag/iri/) - [#NDI](https://timep.org/tag/ndi/) - [#FreedomHouse](https://timep.org/tag/freedomhouse/) - [#NGOTrial](https://timep.org/tag/ngotrial/) - [#AlAhly](https://timep.org/tag/alahly/) - [#AlMasry](https://timep.org/tag/almasry/) - [#Ultras](https://timep.org/tag/ultras/) - [#Dec5](https://timep.org/tag/dec5/) - [#Mekki](https://timep.org/tag/mekki/) - [#MohamedMahmoud](https://timep.org/tag/mohamedmahmoud/) - [#Cabinet](https://timep.org/tag/cabinet/) - [#Anan](https://timep.org/tag/anan/) - [#Nov19](https://timep.org/tag/nov19/) - [#GaberSalah](https://timep.org/tag/gabersalah/) - [#AlJazeera](https://timep.org/tag/aljazeera/) - [#Qandil](https://timep.org/tag/qandil/) - [#ConstitutionalDeclaration](https://timep.org/tag/constitutionaldeclaration/) - [#Judiciary](https://timep.org/tag/judiciary/) - [#PresidentialDecree](https://timep.org/tag/presidentialdecree/) - [#Mahalla](https://timep.org/tag/mahalla/) - [#Strikes](https://timep.org/tag/strikes/) - [#Jul8](https://timep.org/tag/jul8/) - [#AdministrativeCourt](https://timep.org/tag/administrativecourt/) - [#HEC](https://timep.org/tag/hec/) - [#Damanhur](https://timep.org/tag/damanhur/) - [#TahrirSquare](https://timep.org/tag/tahrirsquare/) - [#CopticChurch](https://timep.org/tag/copticchurch/) - [#FEP](https://timep.org/tag/fep/) - [#SDP](https://timep.org/tag/sdp/) - [#HumanRights](https://timep.org/tag/humanrights/) - [#CairoUniversity](https://timep.org/tag/cairouniversity/) - [#Boycotts](https://timep.org/tag/boycotts/) - [#Dec4](https://timep.org/tag/dec4/) - [#Badr](https://timep.org/tag/badr/) - [#Kefaya](https://timep.org/tag/kefaya/) - [#DostourParty](https://timep.org/tag/dostourparty/) - [#Badie](https://timep.org/tag/badie/) - [#ChurchBombing](https://timep.org/tag/churchbombing/) - [#MOI](https://timep.org/tag/moi/) - [#MasperoMassacre](https://timep.org/tag/masperomassacre/) - [#Copts](https://timep.org/tag/copts/) - [#ChurchAttack](https://timep.org/tag/churchattack/) - [#Journalism](https://timep.org/tag/journalism/) - [#PressFreedom](https://timep.org/tag/pressfreedom/) - [#CPJ](https://timep.org/tag/cpj/) - [#MohamedFahmy](https://timep.org/tag/mohamedfahmy/) - [#Greste](https://timep.org/tag/greste/) - [#BaherMohamed](https://timep.org/tag/bahermohamed/) - [#Marinab](https://timep.org/tag/marinab/) - [#Edfu](https://timep.org/tag/edfu/) - [#Shubra](https://timep.org/tag/shubra/) - [#Shenouda](https://timep.org/tag/shenouda/) - [#PapalTransition](https://timep.org/tag/papaltransition/) - [#Tawadros](https://timep.org/tag/tawadros/) - [#Khusus](https://timep.org/tag/khusus/) - [#WomenRights](https://timep.org/tag/womenrights/) - [#ReligiousFreedom](https://timep.org/tag/religiousfreedom/) - [#babalkhalq](https://timep.org/tag/babalkhalq/) - [#CairoBombings](https://timep.org/tag/cairobombings/) - [#Dokki](https://timep.org/tag/dokki/) - [#TahrirSqure](https://timep.org/tag/tahrirsqure/) - [#ElNadeem](https://timep.org/tag/elnadeem/) - [#Jounralism](https://timep.org/tag/jounralism/) - [#Hodge](https://timep.org/tag/hodge/) - [#Menaei](https://timep.org/tag/menaei/) - [#ICCPR](https://timep.org/tag/iccpr/) - [#ChildrenRights](https://timep.org/tag/childrenrights/) - [#Tunisia](https://timep.org/tag/tunisia/) - [#C10](https://timep.org/tag/c10/) - [#Militants](https://timep.org/tag/militants/) - [#Badawi](https://timep.org/tag/badawi/) - [#C50](https://timep.org/tag/c50/) - [#MRE](https://timep.org/tag/mre/) - [#Elections](https://timep.org/tag/elections/) - [#Algeria](https://timep.org/tag/algeria/) - [#NSC](https://timep.org/tag/nsc/) - [#NDC](https://timep.org/tag/ndc/) - [#AblaFahita](https://timep.org/tag/ablafahita/) - [#Culture](https://timep.org/tag/culture/) - [#MIC](https://timep.org/tag/mic/) - [#AlAshry](https://timep.org/tag/alashry/) - [#EgyEconomy](https://timep.org/tag/egyeconomy/) - [#NCHR](https://timep.org/tag/nchr/) - [#ANHRI](https://timep.org/tag/anhri/) - [#Nasser](https://timep.org/tag/nasser/) - [#Nassrism](https://timep.org/tag/nassrism/) - [#SuezCanal](https://timep.org/tag/suezcanal/) - [#Extremism](https://timep.org/tag/extremism/) - [#feminism](https://timep.org/tag/feminism/) - [#SetElBanat](https://timep.org/tag/setelbanat/) - [#Corruption](https://timep.org/tag/corruption/) - [#Bombings](https://timep.org/tag/bombings/) - [#AjnadMisr](https://timep.org/tag/ajnadmisr/) - [#Women](https://timep.org/tag/women/) - [#Gender](https://timep.org/tag/gender/) - [#Violence](https://timep.org/tag/violence/) - [#Coal](https://timep.org/tag/coal/) - [#Energy](https://timep.org/tag/energy/) - [#Blackouts](https://timep.org/tag/blackouts/) - [#Environment](https://timep.org/tag/environment/) - [#SectarianViolence](https://timep.org/tag/sectarianviolence/) - [#ProtestLaw](https://timep.org/tag/protestlaw/) - [#Doma](https://timep.org/tag/doma/) - [#Adel](https://timep.org/tag/adel/) - [#Alaa](https://timep.org/tag/alaa/) - [#FreedomOfExpression](https://timep.org/tag/freedomofexpression/) - [#EgyptianConstitution](https://timep.org/tag/egyptianconstitution/) - [#Censorship](https://timep.org/tag/censorship/) - [#MOC](https://timep.org/tag/moc/) - [#Presi](https://timep.org/tag/presi/) - [#Sobhi](https://timep.org/tag/sobhi/) - [#CAPMAS](https://timep.org/tag/capmas/) - [#EgyPopulation](https://timep.org/tag/egypopulation/) - [#EgyDemographics](https://timep.org/tag/egydemographics/) - [#DeathSentences](https://timep.org/tag/deathsentences/) - [#Erdogan](https://timep.org/tag/erdogan/) - [#AKP](https://timep.org/tag/akp/) - [#EgyTrade](https://timep.org/tag/egytrade/) - [#BassemSabry](https://timep.org/tag/bassemsabry/) - [#AbdullahElShamy](https://timep.org/tag/abdullahelshamy/) - [#MBTrials](https://timep.org/tag/mbtrials/) - [Homepage](https://timep.org/tag/homepage/) - [#USembassy](https://timep.org/tag/usembassy/) - [#Media](https://timep.org/tag/media/) - [#SocialMedia](https://timep.org/tag/socialmedia/) - [#EgyElections](https://timep.org/tag/egyelections/) - [#Anan](https://timep.org/tag/anan/) - [#FreeMahienour](https://timep.org/tag/freemahienour/) - [#TweetNadwa](https://timep.org/tag/tweetnadwa/) - [#Tawadros](https://timep.org/tag/tawadros/) - [#BassemYoussef](https://timep.org/tag/bassemyoussef/) - [#Baradei](https://timep.org/tag/baradei/) - [#Dec5](https://timep.org/tag/dec5/) - [Contr](https://timep.org/tag/contr/) - [#ECESR](https://timep.org/tag/ecesr/) - [#GaberSalah](https://timep.org/tag/gabersalah/) - [#YaraSallam](https://timep.org/tag/yarasallam/) - [#Noprotestlaw](https://timep.org/tag/noprotestlaw/) - [#Tyrant](https://timep.org/tag/tyrant/) - [#explosions](https://timep.org/tag/explosions/) - [#ElBent](https://timep.org/tag/elbent/) - [#Dec4](https://timep.org/tag/dec4/) - [#Blasphemy](https://timep.org/tag/blasphemy/) - [#NGOLaw](https://timep.org/tag/ngolaw/) - [#civilsociety](https://timep.org/tag/civilsociety/) - [#Gaza](https://timep.org/tag/gaza/) - [#Hamas](https://timep.org/tag/hamas/) - [#koftagate](https://timep.org/tag/koftagate/) - [#HCV](https://timep.org/tag/hcv/) - [#Atheism](https://timep.org/tag/atheism/) - [#ReligiousFreedom #Bahaism](https://timep.org/tag/religiousfreedom-bahaism/) - [#Bahaism](https://timep.org/tag/bahaism/) - [#Sabahy](https://timep.org/tag/sabahy/) - [#Bombing](https://timep.org/tag/bombing/) - [#Taxes](https://timep.org/tag/taxes/) - [#MEI](https://timep.org/tag/mei/) - [#Ignatius](https://timep.org/tag/ignatius/) - [#ajtrial](https://timep.org/tag/ajtrial/) - [#HungerStrike](https://timep.org/tag/hungerstrike/) - [#Fast4Freedom](https://timep.org/tag/fast4freedom/) - [#SanaaSeif](https://timep.org/tag/sanaaseif/) - [#FGM](https://timep.org/tag/fgm/) - [#MortadaMansour](https://timep.org/tag/mortadamansour/) - [#Douma](https://timep.org/tag/douma/) - [#PEC](https://timep.org/tag/pec/) - [#Ethiopia](https://timep.org/tag/ethiopia/) - [#Putin](https://timep.org/tag/putin/) - [#Armiya](https://timep.org/tag/armiya/) - [#Shari'a](https://timep.org/tag/sharia/) - [#Shukrallah](https://timep.org/tag/shukrallah/) - [#Hezbollah](https://timep.org/tag/hezbollah/) - [#Warraq](https://timep.org/tag/warraq/) - [#Islamists](https://timep.org/tag/islamists/) - [#Church](https://timep.org/tag/church/) - [#MorsiTrial](https://timep.org/tag/morsitrial/) - [#Tagammu](https://timep.org/tag/tagammu/) - [#University](https://timep.org/tag/university/) - [Civil society](https://timep.org/tag/civil-society/) - [NGO](https://timep.org/tag/ngo/) - [security](https://timep.org/tag/security/) - [#artivism](https://timep.org/tag/artivism/) - [#Ganzeer](https://timep.org/tag/ganzeer/) - [student](https://timep.org/tag/student/) - [protests](https://timep.org/tag/protests/) - [universities](https://timep.org/tag/universities/) - [Muslim Brotherhood](https://timep.org/tag/muslim-brotherhood/) - [protest law](https://timep.org/tag/protest-law/) - [ajnad misr](https://timep.org/tag/ajnad-misr/) - [Legistlation](https://timep.org/tag/legistlation/) - [#Sabbagh](https://timep.org/tag/sabbagh/) - [#Anniversary](https://timep.org/tag/anniversary/) - [#Shehata](https://timep.org/tag/shehata/) - [#Fahmy](https://timep.org/tag/fahmy/) - [#Baher](https://timep.org/tag/baher/) - [#IS](https://timep.org/tag/is/) - [#Football](https://timep.org/tag/football/) - [#AirDefenseStadium](https://timep.org/tag/airdefensestadium/) - [#SCC](https://timep.org/tag/scc/) - [#EEDC](https://timep.org/tag/eedc/) - [#WilayatSinai](https://timep.org/tag/wilayatsinai/) - [#transparency](https://timep.org/tag/transparency/) - [#WhiteHouse](https://timep.org/tag/whitehouse/) - [#ISL](https://timep.org/tag/isl/) - [#MSSI](https://timep.org/tag/mssi/) - [#Iraq](https://timep.org/tag/iraq/) - [#Syria](https://timep.org/tag/syria/) - [#MaximumWages](https://timep.org/tag/maximumwages/) - [#CentralBankofEgypt](https://timep.org/tag/centralbankofegypt/) - [#NorthSinai](https://timep.org/tag/northsinai/) - [Archives](https://timep.org/tag/archives/) - [#Islamists](https://timep.org/tag/islamists/) - [#BaherMohamed](https://timep.org/tag/bahermohamed/) - [#CPJ](https://timep.org/tag/cpj/) - [#Greste](https://timep.org/tag/greste/) - [#Journalism](https://timep.org/tag/journalism/) - [#ElNadeem](https://timep.org/tag/elnadeem/) - [#Hodge](https://timep.org/tag/hodge/) - [#ICCPR](https://timep.org/tag/iccpr/) - [#ANHRI](https://timep.org/tag/anhri/) - [#University](https://timep.org/tag/university/) - [#AblaFahita](https://timep.org/tag/ablafahita/) - [#Environment](https://timep.org/tag/environment/) - [#MEI](https://timep.org/tag/mei/) - [#HungerStrike](https://timep.org/tag/hungerstrike/) - [#FGM](https://timep.org/tag/fgm/) - [revolution](https://timep.org/tag/revolution/) - [Gadaffi](https://timep.org/tag/gadaffi/) - [democracy](https://timep.org/tag/democracy/) - [social media](https://timep.org/tag/social-media/) - [online](https://timep.org/tag/online/) - [cyberspace](https://timep.org/tag/cyberspace/) - [Facebook](https://timep.org/tag/facebook/) - [Signal](https://timep.org/tag/signal/) - [threats](https://timep.org/tag/threats/) - [hate speech](https://timep.org/tag/hate-speech/) - [mental health](https://timep.org/tag/mental-health/) - [Beirut](https://timep.org/tag/beirut/) - [explosion](https://timep.org/tag/explosion/) - [PTSD](https://timep.org/tag/ptsd/) - [Covid-19](https://timep.org/tag/covid-19/) - [pandemic](https://timep.org/tag/pandemic/) - [poverty](https://timep.org/tag/poverty/) - [refugees](https://timep.org/tag/refugees/) - [health](https://timep.org/tag/health/) - [public health](https://timep.org/tag/public-health/) - [Lebanon](https://timep.org/tag/lebanon/) - [Egypt](https://timep.org/tag/egypt/) - [pretrial](https://timep.org/tag/pretrial/) - [detention](https://timep.org/tag/detention/) - [prison](https://timep.org/tag/prison/) - [justice](https://timep.org/tag/justice/) - [accountability](https://timep.org/tag/accountability/) - [authoritarianism](https://timep.org/tag/authoritarianism/) - [legal](https://timep.org/tag/legal/) - [law](https://timep.org/tag/law/) - [assad](https://timep.org/tag/assad/) - [germany](https://timep.org/tag/germany/) - [koblenz](https://timep.org/tag/koblenz/) - [regime](https://timep.org/tag/regime/) - [civil war](https://timep.org/tag/civil-war/) - [Damascus](https://timep.org/tag/damascus/) - [international law](https://timep.org/tag/international-law/) - [universal jurisdiction](https://timep.org/tag/universal-jurisdiction/) - [Hirak](https://timep.org/tag/hirak/) - [Bouteflika](https://timep.org/tag/bouteflika/) - [Algiers](https://timep.org/tag/algiers/) - [sexual harassment](https://timep.org/tag/sexual-harassment/) - [TikTok](https://timep.org/tag/tiktok/) - [GERD](https://timep.org/tag/gerd/) - [cyberwarfare](https://timep.org/tag/cyberwarfare/) - [digital](https://timep.org/tag/digital/) - [technology](https://timep.org/tag/technology/) - [internet](https://timep.org/tag/internet/) - [surveillance](https://timep.org/tag/surveillance/) - [trend](https://timep.org/tag/trend/) - [Central Bank](https://timep.org/tag/central-bank/) - [aid](https://timep.org/tag/aid/) - [foreign](https://timep.org/tag/foreign/) - [audit](https://timep.org/tag/audit/) - [port](https://timep.org/tag/port/) - [october](https://timep.org/tag/october/) - [militias](https://timep.org/tag/militias/) - [sovereignty](https://timep.org/tag/sovereignty/) - [proxy](https://timep.org/tag/proxy/) - [United States](https://timep.org/tag/united-states/) - [organizing](https://timep.org/tag/organizing/) - [Islam](https://timep.org/tag/islam/) - [Judaism](https://timep.org/tag/judaism/) - [Christianity](https://timep.org/tag/christianity/) - [Morocco](https://timep.org/tag/morocco/) - [Sudan](https://timep.org/tag/sudan/) - [judges](https://timep.org/tag/judges/) - [independence](https://timep.org/tag/independence/) - [Egypt. state of emergency](https://timep.org/tag/egypt-state-of-emergency/) - [human rights](https://timep.org/tag/human-rights/) - [politics](https://timep.org/tag/politics/) - [stability](https://timep.org/tag/stability/) - [tripoli](https://timep.org/tag/tripoli/) - [Tobruk](https://timep.org/tag/tobruk/) - [Aoun](https://timep.org/tag/aoun/) - [protest](https://timep.org/tag/protest/) - [Covid](https://timep.org/tag/covid/) - [vaccines](https://timep.org/tag/vaccines/) - [data](https://timep.org/tag/data/) - [healthcare](https://timep.org/tag/healthcare/) - [coronavirus](https://timep.org/tag/coronavirus/) - [lawyer](https://timep.org/tag/lawyer/) - [Russia](https://timep.org/tag/russia/) - [foreign policy](https://timep.org/tag/foreign-policy/) - [economy](https://timep.org/tag/economy/) - [tourism](https://timep.org/tag/tourism/) - [Sharm el Sheikh](https://timep.org/tag/sharm-el-sheikh/) - [middle east](https://timep.org/tag/middle-east/) - [MENA](https://timep.org/tag/mena/) - [mediation](https://timep.org/tag/mediation/) - [Palestine](https://timep.org/tag/palestine/) - [Israel](https://timep.org/tag/israel/) - [West Bank](https://timep.org/tag/west-bank/) - [United Nations](https://timep.org/tag/united-nations/) - [donors](https://timep.org/tag/donors/) - [humanitarian](https://timep.org/tag/humanitarian/) - [freedom](https://timep.org/tag/freedom/) - [expression](https://timep.org/tag/expression/) - [religion](https://timep.org/tag/religion/) - [religious freedom](https://timep.org/tag/religious-freedom/) - [Christians](https://timep.org/tag/christians/) - [Coptic](https://timep.org/tag/coptic/) - [churches](https://timep.org/tag/churches/) - [doctors](https://timep.org/tag/doctors/) - [conflict](https://timep.org/tag/conflict/) - [detainees](https://timep.org/tag/detainees/) - [international justice](https://timep.org/tag/international-justice/) - [#NorthAfrica](https://timep.org/tag/northafrica/) - [#ForeignPolicy](https://timep.org/tag/foreignpolicy/) - [#Feminist](https://timep.org/tag/feminist/) - [#WomeninPolitics](https://timep.org/tag/womeninpolitics/) - [resistance](https://timep.org/tag/resistance/) - [militarystate](https://timep.org/tag/militarystate/) - [Sudancoup](https://timep.org/tag/sudancoup/) - [militarycoup](https://timep.org/tag/militarycoup/) - [resistancecommittees](https://timep.org/tag/resistancecommittees/) - [Sudanprotest](https://timep.org/tag/sudanprotest/) - [#Kafa](https://timep.org/tag/kafa/) - [#genderbasedviolence](https://timep.org/tag/genderbasedviolence/) - [#Baalbek](https://timep.org/tag/baalbek/) - [#Bekaa](https://timep.org/tag/bekaa/) - [#refugee](https://timep.org/tag/refugee/) - [#libyan](https://timep.org/tag/libyan/) - [#KhalifaHaftar](https://timep.org/tag/khalifahaftar/) - [#Libyaelections](https://timep.org/tag/libyaelections/) - [#Tunisian](https://timep.org/tag/tunisian/) - [municipality](https://timep.org/tag/municipality/) - [localpolitics](https://timep.org/tag/localpolitics/) - [#freespeech](https://timep.org/tag/freespeech/) - [#KaisSaied](https://timep.org/tag/kaissaied/) - [#autocracy](https://timep.org/tag/autocracy/) - [#Hama](https://timep.org/tag/hama/) - [#Syrianwar](https://timep.org/tag/syrianwar/) - [#Syrian](https://timep.org/tag/syrian/) - [#Story](https://timep.org/tag/story/) - [#Khattab](https://timep.org/tag/khattab/) - [#Syrianvillage](https://timep.org/tag/syrianvillage/) - [#Syrianconflict](https://timep.org/tag/syrianconflict/) - [#displacement](https://timep.org/tag/displacement/) - [#migration](https://timep.org/tag/migration/) - [#war](https://timep.org/tag/war/) - [#Syriancivilwar](https://timep.org/tag/syriancivilwar/) - [#SGBV](https://timep.org/tag/sgbv/) - [#GBV](https://timep.org/tag/gbv/) - [#Egyptian](https://timep.org/tag/egyptian/) - [#womeninEgypt](https://timep.org/tag/womeninegypt/) - [#climate](https://timep.org/tag/climate/) - [#climatechange](https://timep.org/tag/climatechange/) - [#water](https://timep.org/tag/water/) - [#food](https://timep.org/tag/food/) - [#watersecurity](https://timep.org/tag/watersecurity/) - [#foodsecurity](https://timep.org/tag/foodsecurity/) - [#environmental](https://timep.org/tag/environmental/) - [#Sudanese](https://timep.org/tag/sudanese/) - [#transgender](https://timep.org/tag/transgender/) - [#Activism](https://timep.org/tag/activism/) - [#politicalprisoner](https://timep.org/tag/politicalprisoner/) - [#ResistanceCommittee](https://timep.org/tag/resistancecommittee/) - [#Khartoum](https://timep.org/tag/khartoum/) - [#press](https://timep.org/tag/press/) - [#Maghreb](https://timep.org/tag/maghreb/) - [#journalist](https://timep.org/tag/journalist/) - [#UPR](https://timep.org/tag/upr/) - [#freepress](https://timep.org/tag/freepress/) - [#BenAli](https://timep.org/tag/benali/) - [#imprisonment](https://timep.org/tag/imprisonment/) - [#jail](https://timep.org/tag/jail/) - [#Tebboune](https://timep.org/tag/tebboune/) - [#reform](https://timep.org/tag/reform/) - [#socioeconomic](https://timep.org/tag/socioeconomic/) - [#KingAbdullah](https://timep.org/tag/kingabdullah/) - [#Ukraine](https://timep.org/tag/ukraine/) - [#crime](https://timep.org/tag/crime/) - [#warcrime](https://timep.org/tag/warcrime/) - [#Aleppo](https://timep.org/tag/aleppo/) - [#normalization](https://timep.org/tag/normalization/) - [#UnitedNations](https://timep.org/tag/unitednations/) - [#WarCrimes](https://timep.org/tag/warcrimes/) - [#election](https://timep.org/tag/election/) - [#BeirutPort](https://timep.org/tag/beirutport/) - [#Hariri](https://timep.org/tag/hariri/) - [#diaspora](https://timep.org/tag/diaspora/) - [#Tunis](https://timep.org/tag/tunis/) - [#Saied](https://timep.org/tag/saied/) - [#NationalConsultation](https://timep.org/tag/nationalconsultation/) - [#ArabSpring](https://timep.org/tag/arabspring/) - [#president](https://timep.org/tag/president/) - [#collapse](https://timep.org/tag/collapse/) - [#centralbank](https://timep.org/tag/centralbank/) - [#bank](https://timep.org/tag/bank/) - [#banking](https://timep.org/tag/banking/) - [#prisoner](https://timep.org/tag/prisoner/) - [#committee](https://timep.org/tag/committee/) - [#presidentialpardon](https://timep.org/tag/presidentialpardon/) - [#iftar](https://timep.org/tag/iftar/) - [#InternationalMonetaryFund](https://timep.org/tag/internationalmonetaryfund/) - [#EgyptianArmy](https://timep.org/tag/egyptianarmy/) - [#army](https://timep.org/tag/army/) - [#economic](https://timep.org/tag/economic/) - [#solar](https://timep.org/tag/solar/) - [#renewable](https://timep.org/tag/renewable/) - [#Tataouine](https://timep.org/tag/tataouine/) - [#decree](https://timep.org/tag/decree/) - [#inflation](https://timep.org/tag/inflation/) - [#subsidy](https://timep.org/tag/subsidy/) - [#austerity](https://timep.org/tag/austerity/) - [#debauchery](https://timep.org/tag/debauchery/) - [#gayrigths](https://timep.org/tag/gayrigths/) - [#LGBTQ](https://timep.org/tag/lgbtq/) - [#court](https://timep.org/tag/court/) - [#Cairo52](https://timep.org/tag/cairo52/) - [#publicprosecution](https://timep.org/tag/publicprosecution/) - [#judicial](https://timep.org/tag/judicial/) - [#morality](https://timep.org/tag/morality/) - [#Tupac](https://timep.org/tag/tupac/) - [#MohamadAdam](https://timep.org/tag/mohamadadam/) - [#pride](https://timep.org/tag/pride/) - [#queer](https://timep.org/tag/queer/) - [#pridemonth](https://timep.org/tag/pridemonth/) - [#arab](https://timep.org/tag/arab/) - [#gayrights](https://timep.org/tag/gayrights/) - [#article534](https://timep.org/tag/article534/) - [#Beirutblast](https://timep.org/tag/beirutblast/) - [#finance](https://timep.org/tag/finance/) - [#politicalcharter](https://timep.org/tag/politicalcharter/) - [#wheat](https://timep.org/tag/wheat/) - [#flour](https://timep.org/tag/flour/) - [#bread](https://timep.org/tag/bread/) - [#fuel](https://timep.org/tag/fuel/) - [#gas](https://timep.org/tag/gas/) - [#electricity](https://timep.org/tag/electricity/) - [#insecurity](https://timep.org/tag/insecurity/) - [#WFP](https://timep.org/tag/wfp/) - [#worldfoodprogram](https://timep.org/tag/worldfoodprogram/) - [#UNITAMS](https://timep.org/tag/unitams/) - [#Gaddafi](https://timep.org/tag/gaddafi/) - [#desert](https://timep.org/tag/desert/) - [#desalination](https://timep.org/tag/desalination/) - [#MiddleEast](https://timep.org/tag/middleeast/) - [#TravelBan](https://timep.org/tag/travelban/) - [#governance](https://timep.org/tag/governance/) - [#wasta](https://timep.org/tag/wasta/) - [#legislation](https://timep.org/tag/legislation/) - [#Amman](https://timep.org/tag/amman/) - [#Bouden](https://timep.org/tag/bouden/) - [#August4](https://timep.org/tag/august4/) - [#CMACGM](https://timep.org/tag/cmacgm/) - [#Macron](https://timep.org/tag/macron/) - [#Akkar](https://timep.org/tag/akkar/) - [#education](https://timep.org/tag/education/) - [#UNHCR](https://timep.org/tag/unhcr/) - [#financialcrisis](https://timep.org/tag/financialcrisis/) - [exile](https://timep.org/tag/exile/) - [liberty](https://timep.org/tag/liberty/) - [freedom of expression](https://timep.org/tag/freedom-of-expression/) - [crackdown](https://timep.org/tag/crackdown/) - [repression](https://timep.org/tag/repression/) - [Egyptians](https://timep.org/tag/egyptians/) - [#Copt](https://timep.org/tag/copt/) - [#religiousminorities](https://timep.org/tag/religiousminorities/) - [#pope](https://timep.org/tag/pope/) - [#religon](https://timep.org/tag/religon/) - [#displaced](https://timep.org/tag/displaced/) - [#disappeared](https://timep.org/tag/disappeared/) - [#minorityrights](https://timep.org/tag/minorityrights/) - [#nationalunity](https://timep.org/tag/nationalunity/) - [#discrimination](https://timep.org/tag/discrimination/) - [#minority](https://timep.org/tag/minority/) - [#Christian](https://timep.org/tag/christian/) - [#Muslim](https://timep.org/tag/muslim/) - [#Yazidi](https://timep.org/tag/yazidi/) - [#genocide](https://timep.org/tag/genocide/) - [#ISIS](https://timep.org/tag/isis/) - [#oilandgas](https://timep.org/tag/oilandgas/) - [#geopolitics](https://timep.org/tag/geopolitics/) - [#WesternSahara](https://timep.org/tag/westernsahara/) - [#oil](https://timep.org/tag/oil/) - [#petroleum](https://timep.org/tag/petroleum/) - [#green](https://timep.org/tag/green/) - [#Burhan](https://timep.org/tag/burhan/) - [#UN](https://timep.org/tag/un/) - [#agriculture](https://timep.org/tag/agriculture/) - [#farming](https://timep.org/tag/farming/) - [#innovation](https://timep.org/tag/innovation/) - [#floods](https://timep.org/tag/floods/) - [#COP](https://timep.org/tag/cop/) - [#COP27](https://timep.org/tag/cop27/) - [#voting](https://timep.org/tag/voting/) - [#gay](https://timep.org/tag/gay/) - [#policy](https://timep.org/tag/policy/) - [#Connex](https://timep.org/tag/connex/) - [#transport](https://timep.org/tag/transport/) - [#transportation](https://timep.org/tag/transportation/) - [#publictransport](https://timep.org/tag/publictransport/) - [#femicide](https://timep.org/tag/femicide/) - [#feministwashing](https://timep.org/tag/feministwashing/) - [#representation](https://timep.org/tag/representation/) - [#cybercrime](https://timep.org/tag/cybercrime/) - [#drought](https://timep.org/tag/drought/) - [#CapitalControl](https://timep.org/tag/capitalcontrol/) - [#internationalcommunity](https://timep.org/tag/internationalcommunity/) - [#PenalCode](https://timep.org/tag/penalcode/) - [#Penal](https://timep.org/tag/penal/) - [#economiccrisis](https://timep.org/tag/economiccrisis/) - [#shortage](https://timep.org/tag/shortage/) - [#funding](https://timep.org/tag/funding/) - [climate change](https://timep.org/tag/climate-change/) - [youth](https://timep.org/tag/youth/) - [youth activism](https://timep.org/tag/youth-activism/) - [youth advocacy](https://timep.org/tag/youth-advocacy/) - [climate advocacy](https://timep.org/tag/climate-advocacy/) - [climate change Tunisia](https://timep.org/tag/climate-change-tunisia/) - [COP 27](https://timep.org/tag/cop-27/) - [#prisoners](https://timep.org/tag/prisoners/) - [#Arsal](https://timep.org/tag/arsal/) - [#repatriation](https://timep.org/tag/repatriation/) - [#asylum](https://timep.org/tag/asylum/) - [#Gabes](https://timep.org/tag/gabes/) - [#pollution](https://timep.org/tag/pollution/) - [#oasis](https://timep.org/tag/oasis/) - [#youthactivism](https://timep.org/tag/youthactivism/) - [#ClimateActivism](https://timep.org/tag/climateactivism/) - [#lossanddamage](https://timep.org/tag/lossanddamage/) - [#GlasgowAgreement](https://timep.org/tag/glasgowagreement/) - [#accessibility](https://timep.org/tag/accessibility/) - [#access](https://timep.org/tag/access/) - [#SharmElSheikh](https://timep.org/tag/sharmelsheikh/) - [#Meta](https://timep.org/tag/meta/) - [#Instagram](https://timep.org/tag/instagram/) - [#Whatsapp](https://timep.org/tag/whatsapp/) - [#SheikhJarrah](https://timep.org/tag/sheikhjarrah/) - [#WestBank](https://timep.org/tag/westbank/) - [#deportation](https://timep.org/tag/deportation/) - [#voluntaryreturn](https://timep.org/tag/voluntaryreturn/) - [#informal](https://timep.org/tag/informal/) - [#WorldCup](https://timep.org/tag/worldcup/) - [#subsidies](https://timep.org/tag/subsidies/) - [#UGTT](https://timep.org/tag/ugtt/) - [#MichelAoun](https://timep.org/tag/michelaoun/) - [#MichelMoawad](https://timep.org/tag/michelmoawad/) - [#government](https://timep.org/tag/government/) - [#privatesector](https://timep.org/tag/privatesector/) - [heat](https://timep.org/tag/heat/) - [temperatures](https://timep.org/tag/temperatures/) - [#maritimeborder](https://timep.org/tag/maritimeborder/) - [#KaisSaied](https://timep.org/tag/kaissaied/) - [lawyer](https://timep.org/tag/lawyer/) - [#displacement](https://timep.org/tag/displacement/) - [#Hama](https://timep.org/tag/hama/) - [#Khattab](https://timep.org/tag/khattab/) - [#migration](https://timep.org/tag/migration/) - [#Story](https://timep.org/tag/story/) - [#Syrian](https://timep.org/tag/syrian/) - [#Syriancivilwar](https://timep.org/tag/syriancivilwar/) - [#Syrianconflict](https://timep.org/tag/syrianconflict/) - [#Syrianvillage](https://timep.org/tag/syrianvillage/) - [#Syrianwar](https://timep.org/tag/syrianwar/) - [#war](https://timep.org/tag/war/) - [#Egyptian](https://timep.org/tag/egyptian/) - [#GBV](https://timep.org/tag/gbv/) - [#SGBV](https://timep.org/tag/sgbv/) - [#womeninEgypt](https://timep.org/tag/womeninegypt/) - [#climate](https://timep.org/tag/climate/) - [#climatechange](https://timep.org/tag/climatechange/) - [#environmental](https://timep.org/tag/environmental/) - [#food](https://timep.org/tag/food/) - [#foodsecurity](https://timep.org/tag/foodsecurity/) - [#water](https://timep.org/tag/water/) - [#watersecurity](https://timep.org/tag/watersecurity/) - [#Sudanese](https://timep.org/tag/sudanese/) - [#Activism](https://timep.org/tag/activism/) - [#transgender](https://timep.org/tag/transgender/) - [#politicalprisoner](https://timep.org/tag/politicalprisoner/) - [#Khartoum](https://timep.org/tag/khartoum/) - [#ResistanceCommittee](https://timep.org/tag/resistancecommittee/) - [#journalist](https://timep.org/tag/journalist/) - [#Maghreb](https://timep.org/tag/maghreb/) - [#press](https://timep.org/tag/press/) - [#UPR](https://timep.org/tag/upr/) - [#jail](https://timep.org/tag/jail/) - [#Tebboune](https://timep.org/tag/tebboune/) - [#KingAbdullah](https://timep.org/tag/kingabdullah/) - [#reform](https://timep.org/tag/reform/) - [#socioeconomic](https://timep.org/tag/socioeconomic/) - [#Aleppo](https://timep.org/tag/aleppo/) - [#crime](https://timep.org/tag/crime/) - [#normalization](https://timep.org/tag/normalization/) - [#Ukraine](https://timep.org/tag/ukraine/) - [#warcrime](https://timep.org/tag/warcrime/) - [#UnitedNations](https://timep.org/tag/unitednations/) - [#WarCrimes](https://timep.org/tag/warcrimes/) - [#BeirutPort](https://timep.org/tag/beirutport/) - [#diaspora](https://timep.org/tag/diaspora/) - [#election](https://timep.org/tag/election/) - [#ArabSpring](https://timep.org/tag/arabspring/) - [#Hariri](https://timep.org/tag/hariri/) - [#NationalConsultation](https://timep.org/tag/nationalconsultation/) - [#president](https://timep.org/tag/president/) - [#Saied](https://timep.org/tag/saied/) - [#Tunis](https://timep.org/tag/tunis/) - [#centralbank](https://timep.org/tag/centralbank/) - [#RiadSaleme](https://timep.org/tag/riadsaleme/) - [#committee](https://timep.org/tag/committee/) - [#iftar](https://timep.org/tag/iftar/) - [#presidentialpardon](https://timep.org/tag/presidentialpardon/) - [#prisoner](https://timep.org/tag/prisoner/) - [#army](https://timep.org/tag/army/) - [#economic](https://timep.org/tag/economic/) - [#EgyptianArmy](https://timep.org/tag/egyptianarmy/) - [#InternationalMonetaryFund](https://timep.org/tag/internationalmonetaryfund/) - [#renewable](https://timep.org/tag/renewable/) - [#solar](https://timep.org/tag/solar/) - [#Tataouine](https://timep.org/tag/tataouine/) - [#decree](https://timep.org/tag/decree/) - [#austerity](https://timep.org/tag/austerity/) - [#inflation](https://timep.org/tag/inflation/) - [#subsidy](https://timep.org/tag/subsidy/) - [#court](https://timep.org/tag/court/) - [#debauchery](https://timep.org/tag/debauchery/) - [#gayrigths](https://timep.org/tag/gayrigths/) - [#judicial](https://timep.org/tag/judicial/) - [#LGBTQ](https://timep.org/tag/lgbtq/) - [#morality](https://timep.org/tag/morality/) - [#publicprosecution](https://timep.org/tag/publicprosecution/) - [#MohamadAdam](https://timep.org/tag/mohamadadam/) - [#Tupac](https://timep.org/tag/tupac/) - [#arab](https://timep.org/tag/arab/) - [#pride](https://timep.org/tag/pride/) - [#pridemonth](https://timep.org/tag/pridemonth/) - [#queer](https://timep.org/tag/queer/) - [#article534](https://timep.org/tag/article534/) - [#Beirutblast](https://timep.org/tag/beirutblast/) - [#finance](https://timep.org/tag/finance/) - [#gayrights](https://timep.org/tag/gayrights/) - [#politicalcharter](https://timep.org/tag/politicalcharter/) - [#bread](https://timep.org/tag/bread/) - [#electricity](https://timep.org/tag/electricity/) - [#flour](https://timep.org/tag/flour/) - [#fuel](https://timep.org/tag/fuel/) - [#gas](https://timep.org/tag/gas/) - [#insecurity](https://timep.org/tag/insecurity/) - [#WFP](https://timep.org/tag/wfp/) - [#wheat](https://timep.org/tag/wheat/) - [#worldfoodprogram](https://timep.org/tag/worldfoodprogram/) - [#UNITAMS](https://timep.org/tag/unitams/) - [#desalination](https://timep.org/tag/desalination/) - [#desert](https://timep.org/tag/desert/) - [#Gaddafi](https://timep.org/tag/gaddafi/) - [#governance](https://timep.org/tag/governance/) - [#MiddleEast](https://timep.org/tag/middleeast/) - [#TravelBan](https://timep.org/tag/travelban/) - [#Amman](https://timep.org/tag/amman/) - [#legislation](https://timep.org/tag/legislation/) - [#wasta](https://timep.org/tag/wasta/) - [#Bouden](https://timep.org/tag/bouden/) - [#August4](https://timep.org/tag/august4/) - [#CMACGM](https://timep.org/tag/cmacgm/) - [#Macron](https://timep.org/tag/macron/) - [#Akkar](https://timep.org/tag/akkar/) - [#education](https://timep.org/tag/education/) - [#financialcrisis](https://timep.org/tag/financialcrisis/) - [#UNHCR](https://timep.org/tag/unhcr/) - [#impunity](https://timep.org/tag/impunity/) - [crackdown](https://timep.org/tag/crackdown/) - [#Rhosus](https://timep.org/tag/rhosus/) - [Egyptians](https://timep.org/tag/egyptians/) - [exile](https://timep.org/tag/exile/) - [freedom of expression](https://timep.org/tag/freedom-of-expression/) - [liberty](https://timep.org/tag/liberty/) - [repression](https://timep.org/tag/repression/) - [#Copt](https://timep.org/tag/copt/) - [#disappeared](https://timep.org/tag/disappeared/) - [#pope](https://timep.org/tag/pope/) - [#displaced](https://timep.org/tag/displaced/) - [#religiousminorities](https://timep.org/tag/religiousminorities/) - [#religon](https://timep.org/tag/religon/) - [#discrimination](https://timep.org/tag/discrimination/) - [#minorityrights](https://timep.org/tag/minorityrights/) - [#nationalunity](https://timep.org/tag/nationalunity/) - [#Christian](https://timep.org/tag/christian/) - [#minority](https://timep.org/tag/minority/) - [#Muslim](https://timep.org/tag/muslim/) - [#genocide](https://timep.org/tag/genocide/) - [#ISIS](https://timep.org/tag/isis/) - [#Yazidi](https://timep.org/tag/yazidi/) - [#geopolitics](https://timep.org/tag/geopolitics/) - [#oilandgas](https://timep.org/tag/oilandgas/) - [#WesternSahara](https://timep.org/tag/westernsahara/) - [#green](https://timep.org/tag/green/) - [#oil](https://timep.org/tag/oil/) - [#petroleum](https://timep.org/tag/petroleum/) - [#Burhan](https://timep.org/tag/burhan/) - [#UN](https://timep.org/tag/un/) - [#agriculture](https://timep.org/tag/agriculture/) - [#farming](https://timep.org/tag/farming/) - [#innovation](https://timep.org/tag/innovation/) - [#COP](https://timep.org/tag/cop/) - [#voting](https://timep.org/tag/voting/) - [#COP27](https://timep.org/tag/cop27/) - [#floods](https://timep.org/tag/floods/) - [#Connex](https://timep.org/tag/connex/) - [#publictransport](https://timep.org/tag/publictransport/) - [#transport](https://timep.org/tag/transport/) - [#transportation](https://timep.org/tag/transportation/) - [#femicide](https://timep.org/tag/femicide/) - [#feministwashing](https://timep.org/tag/feministwashing/) - [#representation](https://timep.org/tag/representation/) - [#economiccrisis](https://timep.org/tag/economiccrisis/) - [#ClimateActivism](https://timep.org/tag/climateactivism/) - [#youthactivism](https://timep.org/tag/youthactivism/) - [#GlasgowAgreement](https://timep.org/tag/glasgowagreement/) - [#lossanddamage](https://timep.org/tag/lossanddamage/) - [#access](https://timep.org/tag/access/) - [#accessibility](https://timep.org/tag/accessibility/) - [#SharmElSheikh](https://timep.org/tag/sharmelsheikh/) - [#Instagram](https://timep.org/tag/instagram/) - [#Meta](https://timep.org/tag/meta/) - [#deportation](https://timep.org/tag/deportation/) - [#SheikhJarrah](https://timep.org/tag/sheikhjarrah/) - [#WestBank](https://timep.org/tag/westbank/) - [#Whatsapp](https://timep.org/tag/whatsapp/) - [#voluntaryreturn](https://timep.org/tag/voluntaryreturn/) - [#WorldCup](https://timep.org/tag/worldcup/) - [#subsidies](https://timep.org/tag/subsidies/) - [#UGTT](https://timep.org/tag/ugtt/) - [#government](https://timep.org/tag/government/) - [#MichelAoun](https://timep.org/tag/michelaoun/) - [#MichelMoawad](https://timep.org/tag/michelmoawad/) - [#Idlib](https://timep.org/tag/idlib/) - [#economy](https://timep.org/tag/economy-2/) - [#TikTok](https://timep.org/tag/tiktok-2/) - [#Assad](https://timep.org/tag/assad-2/) - [#cholera](https://timep.org/tag/cholera/) - [#earthquake](https://timep.org/tag/earthquake/) - [#healthcare](https://timep.org/tag/healthcare-2/) - [#infrastructure](https://timep.org/tag/infrastructure/) - [#militarycoup](https://timep.org/tag/militarycoup-2/) - [#Hemedti](https://timep.org/tag/hemedti/) - [#racism](https://timep.org/tag/racism/) - [#immigration](https://timep.org/tag/immigration/) - [#Kafala](https://timep.org/tag/kafala/) - [#migrant](https://timep.org/tag/migrant/) - [#Decree54](https://timep.org/tag/decree54/) - [#prison](https://timep.org/tag/prison-2/) ## custom types - [analysis](https://timep.org/custom_types/analysis/) - [events](https://timep.org/custom_types/events/) - [interships](https://timep.org/custom_types/interships/) - [jobs](https://timep.org/custom_types/jobs/) - The United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP) is coming to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and staying for at least two years in a row. In November 2022, COP 27 is set to take place in Egypt and in November 2023, COP 28 will be held in the United Arab Emirates. With the arrival of this high-profile, global initiative comes an unparalleled opportunity to examine pressing climate change issues and their impact on those living in MENA and to offer ground-up solutions that facilitate adaptation to or mitigation of these challenges. It’s also a critical moment to unpack… - [Press room](https://timep.org/custom_types/press_room/) - [report](https://timep.org/custom_types/report/) ## country - [Lebanon](https://timep.org/country/lebanon/) - [Egypt](https://timep.org/country/egypt/) - [Sudan](https://timep.org/country/sudan/) - [Syria](https://timep.org/country/syria/) - [Tunisia](https://timep.org/country/tunisia/) ## Projects - [Transitional Justice Project](https://timep.org/project/transitional-justice-project/) - TIMEP’s Transitional Justice Project (TJP) is an innovative, timely project that addresses crucial issues at the heart of the transitions in the Middle East and fills an important knowledge gap on these issues. - [Egypt’s Economic Trajectory](https://timep.org/project/egypts-economic-trajectory/) - Egypt’s Economic Trajectory provides tools to help make sense of the country’s reform program, along with analysis of developments and data, to assess the program in terms not only of economic indicators, but also its impact on social health and human rights. - [Syria Unpacked](https://timep.org/project/syria-unpacked/) - Recent developments in Syria leave no question about the fact that President Bashar al-Assad is attempting to reassert and reconstitute his authority across the country. - [Climate Challenges and Impact](https://timep.org/project/climate-challenges-and-impact/) - [Climate Adaptation and Mitigation](https://timep.org/project/climate-adaptation-and-mitigation/) - [Climate Stories](https://timep.org/project/climate-stories/) - [Spotlight: COP and the International Community](https://timep.org/project/spotlight-cop-and-the-international-community/) - [Reports & Briefs](https://timep.org/project/reports-briefs-egypts-economic-trajectory/) - [Analysis](https://timep.org/project/analysis-egypts-economic-trajectory/) - [Analysis](https://timep.org/project/tjp-analysis/) - [Reports, Fact Sheets & Infographics](https://timep.org/project/tjp-reports-fact-sheets-infographics/) - [Fact-Finding Fact Sheets](https://timep.org/project/fact-finding-factsheets/) - [Transitional Justice Concepts](https://timep.org/project/transitional-justice-concepts/) - [Accountability](https://timep.org/project/accountability/) - [Displacement](https://timep.org/project/displacement/) - [Geopolitics](https://timep.org/project/geopolitics/) - [Governance](https://timep.org/project/governance/) - [Recent Content](https://timep.org/project/recent-content/) - [Security](https://timep.org/project/security/) - [Syria’s Women](https://timep.org/project/syrias-women/) - When antigovernment demonstrations in Syria began in 2011, Syrian women took part in protests standing shoulder-to-shoulder with Syrian men. Since then, women have been involved in all aspects of the conflict and Syrian society in general, from fighting, peacebuilding, and political negotiations to culture, economics, and education. - [Education](https://timep.org/project/education/) - [Health](https://timep.org/project/health/) - [Violence Against Women](https://timep.org/project/violence-against-women/) - [Peacebuilding](https://timep.org/project/peacebuilding/) - [Media, Arts, & Culture](https://timep.org/project/media-arts-culture/) - [Economy](https://timep.org/project/economy/) - [Podcast](https://timep.org/project/podcast/) - [Civil Society](https://timep.org/project/civil-society/) - In May 2017, President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi ratified a restrictive new law on nongovernmental organizations. Starting from its passage in parliament in late 2016 and continuing over the past year since its signing, the legislation has met fierce resistance from the human rights and international community, including from foreign allies like the United States and Germany. - [Briefings](https://timep.org/project/civil-society-briefings/) - [Pulling Back the Curtain](https://timep.org/project/pulling-back-the-curtain/) - As President Abdel-Fattah El Sisi’s first four-year term in office comes to an end on June 3, 2018, Egypt’s regime, its citizenry, and the international community are preparing for what was slated to be Egypt’s fourth multi-candidate presidential election in its modern history. - [Fact Sheets](https://timep.org/project/fact-sheets/) - [Reports and Briefings](https://timep.org/project/reports-and-briefings/) - [Egypt Security Watch](https://timep.org/project/egypt-security-watch/) - In the interest of exploring the complex relationship between threat and response, TIMEP presents Egypt Security Watch—the only such project to offer original content on the security situation in Egypt as a whole. - [Articles & Analysis](https://timep.org/project/articles-analysis/) - [Non-State Actors](https://timep.org/project/non-state-actors/) - [State Actors](https://timep.org/project/state-actors/) - [Weekly Briefs](https://timep.org/project/weekly-briefs-esw/) - [Reports & Briefs](https://timep.org/project/reports-briefs/) - [Egypt Parliament Watch](https://timep.org/project/egypt-parliament-watch/) - When, on January 10, 2016, Egypt’s current legislature gathered under the dome of the parliament building, the country completed the final step in its “democratic roadmap.” This roadmap had been announced in 2013 by Abdel-Fattah El Sisi, then minister of defense, upon the ouster of President Muhammad Morsi. - [Reports, Fact Sheets & Infographics](https://timep.org/project/epw-reports-fact-sheets-infographics/) - [Analysis](https://timep.org/project/epw-analysis/) - [Weekly Briefs](https://timep.org/project/weekly-briefs/) - [Ten Years On: Organizing in the MENA Region](https://timep.org/project/ten-years-on-organizing-in-the-mena-region/) - Ten years ago, Tunisian street vendor Mohamed Bouazizi stood in the middle of traffic, shouted “How do you expect me to make a living?” and set himself on fire, catalyzing popular protests in Tunisia and across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and creating a lens through which advocates, scholars, and policymakers understand the region until today. - [COVID-19: Issue Spotlight](https://timep.org/project/covid-19-issue-spotlight/) - The spread of COVID-19 brings to light a number of global, regional, and country-specific challenges affecting the Middle East and North Africa, not only in the health space, but on issues involving the economy, rule of law, security, access to information, and beyond. - [COP Comes to MENA: Examining Climate Change in the Region](https://timep.org/project/cop-comes-to-mena-examining-climate-change-in-the-region/) - The United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP) is coming to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and staying for at least two years in a row. In November 2022, COP 27 is set to take place in Egypt and in November 2023, COP 28 will be held in the United Arab Emirates. - [Cyberspace](https://timep.org/project/cyberspace/) - [On the Ground](https://timep.org/project/on-the-ground/) - [Exile](https://timep.org/project/exile/) - [Commentary](https://timep.org/project/commentary/) - [Explainers](https://timep.org/project/explainers/) - [Press](https://timep.org/project/press/) - [Women Journalists in and from North Africa](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa/) - Women Journalists in and from North Africa, a project by the legal unit of the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy (TIMEP), is dedicated to cultivating a community of women journalists in the region and in exile that is activated to document violations experienced in the course of journalists’ work, including their gendered nature, and to seek recourse for these violations while leveraging international, regional, and foreign mechanisms. - [Reports](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-report/) - [Legal Submission](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-legal-submission/) - [Toolkits](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-toolkits/) - [صحفيات شمال أفريقيا](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-arabic/) - أطلقت الوحدة القانونية في معهد التحرير لسياسات الشرق الأوسط، مشروع صحفيات شمال أفريقيا بهدف خلق مجتمع فعّال من الصحفيات لرصد وتوثيق الانتهاكات بأنواعها، بما في ذلك الاعتداءات ذات الطبيعة الجنسانية، والسعي لتوفير ملاذ قانوني آمن للّصحفيات، عبر الاستفادة من جميع الآليات وسُبل الانتصاف المُتاحة، سواءً كانت إقليمية أو دولية أو أجنبية - [تقرير](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-ar-report/) - [حزمة أدوات عملية](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-ar-toolkit/) - [مذكرة قانونية](https://timep.org/project/women-journalists-north-africa-ar-submission/) - [Pathways to Justice in Lebanon](https://timep.org/project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon/) - TIMEP is proud to launch the “Pathways to Justice in Lebanon” platform, which focuses on justice and accountability in Lebanon and reflects the needs and priorities of those most impacted. - [Case Profiles](https://timep.org/project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon-case-profiles/) - [Explainers](https://timep.org/project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon-explainers/) - [Stories](https://timep.org/project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon-stories/) ## Projects - [مسارات العدالة في لبنان](https://timep.org/arabic-project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon/) - يطلق معهد التحرير منصة ”مسارات العدالة في لبنان“ لمساعدة كل من يسعى لفهم تطورات قضايا العدالة والمساءلة في البلاد. - [مقالات تحليلية](https://timep.org/arabic-project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon-explainers-arabic/) - [ملفات القضايا](https://timep.org/arabic-project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon-case-profiles-arabic/) - [القصص](https://timep.org/arabic-project/pathways-to-justice-in-lebanon-stories-arabic/) ## programs - [The Inclusive Economies Program
](https://timep.org/programs/the_inclusive_economies_program/) - TIMEP’s Inclusive Economies Program is working to bring together stakeholders from across government, international financial institutions, the private sector, and civil society to unpack, understand, and analyze the region’s economic realities. As a result, the program is activating and investing in a community of practice able to put forward dynamic, integrated, and tangible solutions to tackle inequality head-on and deliver an alternate economic reality that serves the people on the ground ## Themes - [Gender & Sexuality](https://timep.org/taxotheme/gender-sexuality/) - [Development & Economy](https://timep.org/taxotheme/development-economy/) - [Security & Conflict](https://timep.org/taxotheme/security-conflict/) - [Media & Press](https://timep.org/taxotheme/media-press/) - [Arts & Culture](https://timep.org/taxotheme/arts-culture/) - [Law & Accountability](https://timep.org/taxotheme/law-accountability/) - [Governance & Politics](https://timep.org/taxotheme/governance-politics/) - [Digital & Cyberspace](https://timep.org/taxotheme/digital-cyberspace/) - [Energy & Environment](https://timep.org/taxotheme/energy-environment/) - [Migration & Displacement](https://timep.org/taxotheme/migration-displacement/) - [Religious & Ethnic Minorities](https://timep.org/taxotheme/religious-ethnic-minorities/) - [Social Movements](https://timep.org/taxotheme/social-movements/)