threshold.network

# Threshold Network

> Threshold Network is decentralized infrastructure that brings Bitcoin to DeFi. Its flagship product, tBTC, is a trust-minimized Bitcoin bridge secured by threshold cryptography, enabling Bitcoin holders to mint tBTC (an ERC-20 token backed 1:1 by BTC) and participate in DeFi across multiple blockchains without custodial intermediaries.

Threshold Network was formed from the merger of the Keep and NuCypher networks. It uses threshold cryptography — a technique where a randomly selected group of independent node operators must reach majority consensus (e.g. 51-of-100) before performing any action with deposited Bitcoin. This eliminates single points of failure found in centralized bridge custodians.

The network is governed by the Threshold DAO, which includes a Tokenholder DAO (T token holders) and an Elected Council. The T token (ERC-20, `0xCdF7028ceAB81fA0C6971208e83fa7872994beE5`) serves as the governance token and value accrual asset for the network. T can be staked via the RebateStaking contract (`0x0184739C32edc3471D3e4860c8E39a5f3Ff85A45`) for tBTC bridge fee waivers: minting is free, redemption carries a 20 bps fee that can be partially or fully offset by staking T (every 100,000 T staked offsets 0.001 tBTC in fees on a rolling 30-day window, 30-day unstaking period). Staking portal: https://app.threshold.network/stake

Key stats (as of January 2026): 48,000+ BTC cumulative bridge volume, $4.8B+ accumulated volume, 130,000+ global users, 5+ years live without security incident.

## Core Product

- [tBTC Bitcoin Bridge](https://docs.threshold.network/applications/tbtc-v2): Trust-minimized bridge that lets Bitcoin holders mint tBTC and use BTC across DeFi. Uses threshold ECDSA wallets with weekly rotation. Supports gasless minting and direct BTC redemption.

## Supported Chains

- [Ethereum](https://docs.threshold.network/contract-addresses/tbtc): Primary chain for tBTC, ~97% of supply. Major DeFi integrations with Aave ($154M) and Curve ($99M).
- [Arbitrum](https://blog.threshold.network/tbtc-native-minting-on-arbitrum/): Native minting support, ~$13M TVL.
- [Solana](https://threshold.network): Cross-chain via Wormhole, ~$6M TVL.
- [Base](https://threshold.network): Native minting support, ~$5M TVL.
- [Starknet](https://threshold.network): Native minting support, ~$11.8M TVL. Noon vault partnership with Vesu.
- [Optimism](https://threshold.network): Cross-chain support via Wormhole.
- [Polygon](https://threshold.network): Cross-chain support via Wormhole.
- [Sui](https://threshold.network): Launched 2025, native minting support.
- [Mezo](https://threshold.network): Launched 2025, Bitcoin L2 integration.
- [BOB](https://threshold.network): Build on Bitcoin L2 integration.

## Developer Documentation

- [tBTC SDK (TypeScript)](https://docs.threshold.network/app-development/tbtc-sdk): TypeScript library for integrating tBTC minting and redemption into applications. Includes quickstart, architecture docs, guides, and API reference.
- [SDK — Deposit and Mint Guide](https://docs.threshold.network/app-development/tbtc-sdk/guides/deposit-and-mint): Step-by-step guide for depositing BTC and minting tBTC using the SDK.
- [SDK — Unmint and Redeem Guide](https://docs.threshold.network/app-development/tbtc-sdk/guides/unmint-and-redeem): Guide for burning tBTC and redeeming native BTC.
- [SDK — Custom Mode Setup](https://docs.threshold.network/app-development/tbtc-sdk/guides/initialize-sdk/custom-mode): Advanced SDK initialization for custom configurations.
- [Bridge API Reference](https://docs.threshold.network/app-development/tbtc-contracts-api/tbtc-v2-api): Smart contract API documentation for the tBTC v2 bridge.
- [L2 Wormhole Gateway API](https://docs.threshold.network/app-development/tbtc-v2/tbtc-v2-api/l2wormholegateway): API for cross-chain tBTC via Wormhole.
- [Contract Addresses (Mainnet)](https://docs.threshold.network/contract-addresses/tbtc): Deployed contract addresses for tBTC on mainnet.
- [tBTC v2 GitHub Repository](https://github.com/threshold-network/tbtc-v2): Open-source Solidity contracts, TypeScript SDK, cross-chain modules, monitoring tools, and system tests.

## Governance

- [Threshold DAO](https://docs.threshold.network/governance/dao): Governance structure including Tokenholder DAO and Elected Council. T token holders vote on proposals and elect council members.
- [Token Weight Delegation](https://docs.threshold.network/governance/token-weight-delegation): Liquid T holders can delegate voting weight to themselves or third parties.
- [Threshold Multisigs](https://docs.threshold.network/governance/threshold-multisigs): Multisig addresses used for governance operations.

## Token & Resources

- [T Token](https://docs.threshold.network/t-token): Overview of the T token — the ERC-20 governance and value accrual asset for Threshold Network. Powers DAO governance and can be staked for bridge fee waivers.
- [Upgrade NU & KEEP to T](https://docs.threshold.network/resources/upgrade-nu-and-keep-to-t): Guide for migrating legacy NuCypher (NU) and Keep (KEEP) tokens to T.
- [Security Audits](https://docs.threshold.network/resources/security-audits): Third-party security audits of the tBTC bridge, contracts, and integrations.
- [Contribution Guide](https://docs.threshold.network/resources/contribution): How to contribute to Threshold Network development.

## Blog & Updates

- [Threshold Network Blog](https://threshold.network/blog): Monthly recaps, product updates, research reports, and educational content on Bitcoin DeFi.
- [tBTC 2025 Year in Review](https://threshold.network/blog/tbtc-2025-in-review/): Annual review covering 26,355 BTC cumulative volume, 20 DeFi protocol integrations, gasless minting launch, and expansion to Sui, Mezo, and Starknet.
- [Threshold Blueprint by Alea Research](https://threshold.network/blog/the-threshold-network-blueprint-by-alea-research/): Independent research report documenting 800% growth since 2024 and analyzing Threshold's architecture.

## Analytics & Monitoring

- [Dune Analytics Dashboard](https://dune.com/threshold): On-chain analytics for tBTC minting, redemption activity, supply metrics, and protocol flows.

## Optional

- [Wormhole Case Study — Threshold](https://wormhole.com/case-studies/threshold): How Threshold uses Wormhole for cross-chain tBTC distribution.
- [tBTC Beta Stakers Program](https://docs.threshold.network/staking-and-running-a-node/tbtc-beta-stakers-program): Beta staking program details.